overtraining
DESCRIPTION
Overtraining. Dr. Noel McCaffrey Lecturer, Centre for Sport Science and Health, DCU Medical Director, O’Neills Sports Medicine, UCD & DCU. overtraining. the training / preparation challenge what is the overtraining syndrome do we understand the mechanism? recognition - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Overtraining
Dr. Noel McCaffrey
Lecturer, Centre for Sport Science and Health, DCU Medical Director, O’Neills Sports Medicine, UCD & DCU
![Page 2: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
overtraining
• the training / preparation challenge
• what is the overtraining syndrome
• do we understand the mechanism?
• recognition
• treatment and prevention
![Page 3: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
overtraining
• the training / preparation challenge
• what is the overtraining syndrome
• do we understand the mechanism?
• recognition
• treatment and prevention
![Page 4: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
overtraining
• the training / preparation challenge
• what is the overtraining syndrome
• do we understand the mechanism?
• recognition
• treatment and prevention
![Page 5: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
overtraining
• the training / preparation challenge
• what is the overtraining syndrome
• do we understand the mechanism?
• recognition
• treatment and prevention
![Page 6: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Resistance•choice of exercise•order of exercise•volume (sets x reps)•intensity (% rep max)•rest (between sets)
Endurance•central adaptation•peripheral (sport specific) adaptation•cross training (injured)
Speed•speed generation•repeat speed
Skills
technique repetition
Team play
training areas
![Page 7: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
the challenge
provide continuous training stimulus with adequate variety, recovery, progression to
• facilitate optimum performance at the right time(s)
• avoid OTS
• minimise injury
![Page 8: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
the overtraining syndrome
a condition characterised by performance in training / competition (incl
technical) effort required to deliver same performance• failure to show progression / improvement
despite maintained or increased training
h
![Page 9: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
overtraining process overtraining syndrome
other words
staleness overwork
burnout chronic fatigue
overfatigue overstrain
![Page 10: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Session 1
Session 2
Session 3
Fitn
ess
Leve
l
Days
inadequate recovery
![Page 11: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
overload
training stimulus
adequate recovery
training increase
(appropriate)
performance
over-reaching
training stimulus
inadequate recovery
repeated (+ ) training
performance
rest
full recovery in 2-3weeks
overtraining
training stimulus
inadequate recovery
repeated (+ ) training
performance
no recovery with rest
![Page 12: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
prevalence of OT
signs and symptoms of OT seen in
60% distance runners over a career
50% pro soccer players in a 5 month competitive season
• 33% basketball players in a 6 week training camp
![Page 13: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
common symptoms of OTS
• general fatigue• malaise energy (malaise) enthusiasm motivation
• irritable / restless• anxious• appetite change• weight loss• depression focus / concentration
![Page 14: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
diagnostic difficulties
diagnosis of exclusion
different symptoms with
• different individuals doing same same training
• acute vs chronic performance
volume vs intensity
• sympathetic vs parasympathetic models
• endurance vs ‘anaerobic’ overtraining
![Page 15: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
parasympathetic overtraining
volume overload (resistance or endurance) testosterone : cortisol ratio• fatigue• depression• apathy resting HR
![Page 16: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
sympathetic overtraining
intensity overload• insomnia• irritability• restlessness HR blood pressure
![Page 17: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
overuse injuries
dinternal factors• boy mass• biomechanics• nutrition• technique• fatigue
external factors• training volume• training intensity• repetition• footwear• surface• equipment
![Page 18: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
what causes it?
training imbalance / mismatch
recovery
exercise exercise capacity
stress stress tolerance
![Page 19: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
initiating events
• voulme / intensity of training• monotony of training• illness (disease / infection)• caloric restriction / carbohydrate intake• iron deficiency• exercise-heat stress• personal / emotional problems• occupational stress
![Page 20: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
biological markers
blood constitiuents• haemoglobin / hematocrit
• white cells
• iron
• blood lactate in submax / max exercise
• testosterone / cortisol
• catecholamines (resting / nocturnal)
cardiorespiratory resting / max heart rate VO2max
heart rate / VO2 / VE during exercise
basal metabolic rate
infection
![Page 21: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
immune system
upper respiratory tract infection in OR / OT athlethes
• cause or effect?
![Page 22: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
causes common
of persistent fatigue and underperformance in sport
caffeine withdrawal
• allergies
• ex-induced asthma
• sleep
• iron (+/- anaemia)
• performance anxiety
• infection
mononucleosis
upp. resp tract infection
• OTS
• mood disorder
anxiety / depression
less common
• dehydration
• diabtees
• eating disorders
• hepatitis
• hypothyroidism
• postconcussion
• substance abuse
• lr resp tract infection
• side effects of
meds / supplements
• nutrition
carbo / protein
rare
• endocrine disease
• or adrenal gland
• heart disease
• HIV
• malabsorption
• lung disease
• malignancy
• renal disease
• neuromuscular disease
![Page 23: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
fatigue
What is it• failure to generate or
maintain desired exercise intensity
• peripheral mechanism (fuel depletion)
• central mechanisms ( brain serotonin)
• core symptom of many illnesses
atiguFe in illness• viral illness• anaemia• hypothyroidism• hypoglycaemia• chronic fatigue syndrome• depression
![Page 24: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
OTS and Major Depression
appetite• irritable / restless body weight motivation interest / pleasure general fatigue /
malaise• concentration
• feeling hopeless / worthless
• feeling sad
• persistent physical symptoms that fail to respond
• suicidal thoughts
![Page 25: Overtraining](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022110210/56812faf550346895d953514/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Treatment and Prevention
recovery days• periodise variety• ensure vol : intensity
inverse relationship• avoid high intensity over
prolonged period• avoid high intensity over
prolonged period
• in resistence sessions, avoid completing every set of every exercise in every session
• avoid overworking one area
• avoid excess eccentric work
? role for antidepressant medication