Mustang Wind Farm Collector System

Centerville, WA

EE 456

Project 1 Final Report April 24, 2015

Prepared by:

Yussuf Roble Bayu Halim Ki Hei Chan

for Mr. John Smith

VP of Resource Development Renewable Power Corporation, inc.

Executive Summary

Figure 1

After analyzing different design options, we have decided to build the collector system for

Mustang Wind Farm using an overhead implementation of the design shown in Figure 1. This

design has a total construction cost of $4,073,913.56 with a total annualized cost of $381,862.54/

year (total annualized cost includes the annualized cost of equipment, cost of unreliability, and

annual energy loss). In comparison with other design options that we have considered (different

designs will be further analyzed in the later sections), this design is relatively reliable, and the

cheapest to build.

Although underground transmission lines may prove to be more reliable than overhead

transmission lines, the difference in the cost of unreliability between overhead and underground

lines does not outweigh the difference in the total construction costs. Therefore, we have decided

to build overhead transmission lines using the above design for the Mustang Wind Farm collector

system.

Design Consideration

Figure 2

1st Design

Figure 3

2nd Design

In choosing our design for the collector system, we have considered two designs which are shown

above (refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3). For the purpose of this comparison, we are going to compare

the two designs by connecting them through overhead lines. The 1st design involves connecting

two rows of 20 wind turbines and having a thicker conductor running from two connected rows to

the substation. The 2nd design has each row connected straight up to the substation. There are 2

main differences: 1st design requires two types of wire (refer to Table 6 in the appendix) and three

circuit breakers on each line that runs into the substation, and 2nd design requires only one type of

wires (first row of Table 6 in the appendix) for all the connections, but four circuit breakers are

required on each line that runs into the substation.

We have decided to go with the 1st design because it is cheaper compared to the second design.

The total construction cost for the 1st design is $4,073,913.56 with a total annualized cost of

$381,862.54 (this includes the annualized cost of equipment, cost of unreliability, and annual

energy loss). The 2nd design costs more to construct. The total construction cost is $4,174,311.977

with a total annualized cost of $399,009.23. It is evident from these numbers that the 1st design is

cheaper to build. This is mainly because the 1st design requires shorter conductors which greatly

reduces the construction cost. The 1st design requires approximately 22.6 km of conductors while

the 2nd design requires approximately 25.75 km. Furthermore, the 1st design requires only three

circuit breakers while the 2nd design requires four circuit breakers on each line that runs to the

substation. Table 1 summarizes the cost comparison between the two designs.

1st design 2nd design Cost difference

Total Construction Cost $4,073,913.56 $4,174,311.977 ($100,398.417)

Annualized cost $198,582.72/year $202,385.42/year ($3,802.7)

Cost of unreliability $6,568.38 /year $7,484.25 /year ($915.87)

Annual energy loss $176,711.44/year $189,139.56/year ($12,428.12)

Total annualized cost $381,862.54/year $399,009.23/year ($17,146.69)

Table 1

Besides its cheaper overall cost, 1st design is more favorable because it is more reliable. As shown

in Table 1, the cost of unreliability of the 1st design is $6,568.38 /year while the cost of unreliability

of the 2nd design is $7,484.25 /year. Although having four circuit breakers may seem to be more

reliable than just three, the length of conductors is a more important factor in this case. Having

longer conductors translates to more occurrences of fault, and thus increasing the expected outage

time. Having shorter conductors, however, is more reliable. The expected outage time (EOT) for

the 1st design was calculated to be approximately 50.55 hours/year while the EOT for the 2nd design

was calculated to be approximately 57.6 hours/year. Therefore, the 1st design is more reliable.

Overhead vs underground

We have analyzed two designs in the previous section and justified that the first design is by far

the best option. In this section, we are comparing between overhead and underground

implementations of the 1st design.

Overhead Underground Difference

Total Construction Cost $4,073,913.56 $16,236,483.391 ($12,162,569.83)

Annualized cost $198,582.72/year $216,501.29/year ($17,918.57)

Cost of unreliability $6,568.38 /year $5,254.70/year $1,313.68

Annual energy loss $176,711.44/year $176,711.44/year $0.00

Total Annualized cost $381,862.54/year $398,467.43/year ($16,605.03)

Table 2

Table 2 above summarizes the total construction and annualized cost for overhead and

underground implementations of the 1st design. The total construction cost of underground lines is

significantly more expensive than overhead lines because underground conductors are more

expensive. The price of an overhead conductor is $1.62/lb. while the price of an underground

conductor is $8.46/lb. Furthermore, underground transmission lines require conduits. These

conduits are $55/foot. These prices contribute to high cost of underground lines construction. The

difference in annualized cost is mainly due to the lifetime of underground lines. The lifetime of

underground conductors is 20 years while the lifetime of overhead conductors is 40 years. This

means that underground lines will require more maintenance than overhead lines.

In terms of cost of unreliability, underground lines are more reliable than overhead lines.

According to Table 2 above, the cost difference in terms of unreliability is approximately

$1,313.68. Even though underground lines are proven to be more reliable, the cost difference in

terms of unreliability does not outweigh the difference in annualized cost which is approximately

$17,918.57. Thus, it is cheaper to go with overhead lines implementation of the 1st design.

Note: The detailed calculation of cost, reliability, and energy lost can be found in the appendix

Reliability Process

Reliability analysis is one of the significant parts because we have to make sure our project design

are able to deal with unpredictable things occur and consider how much potential money would

loss when the power output doesn’t achieve the ideal prediction. We have to know which model

has the less annual reliability cost in order to choose the best transmission circuit design. In this

process, we have to realize two parts. The first part is the value of the worst fault current occur in

each of the models, and the second part is the money loss because of some fault current occur and

normal power loss during the process of energy transmission.

In the first part, we have to compare the largest fault current—line to ground fault in these three

models. According to the cost sheet file, we know the per unit impedance of a transformer and a

generator in the base 100 MVA apparent power. Therefore, in order to find the fault current, we

have to convert all the per unit value into 31.579MVA (total power in one conductor line = 30MW

and power factor = 0.95). Next, we find the total line resistance in each conductor by consulting

the ACSR table. Finally, we can sum all the impedance and use the apparent power to calculate

line to ground fault current.

In the second case, we have to calculate and compare the annual unreliability cost of these three

models. In this process, we have to find the cost by total fault current (permanent and temporary),

the cost by permanent fault only. We have to find out the voltage drop, and power loss due to

current transmission in order to calculate the annual value loss.

Result:

Fault Current Analysis

1st design overhead 2nd design overhead 1st design underground

Line 1 720 A 720 A 720 A

Line 2 720 A 720 A 720 A

Line 3 2629 A 707 A 2629 A

Line 4 2629 A 694 A 2629 A

Table 3

As we didn’t do any changing in Line 1 and Line 2 which are the two upper Lines connect to the

left and right of the substation, all the models supposed to receive at most 720A fault current in

each line. In overhead implementation of the 1st design, we can see the way that we combine two

lines will have to be considered some of the impedance in parallel circuit. We calculated the total

impedance in this way will be less than the overhead implementations of the 2nd design, which all

the conductors are lined to substation separately. Therefore, we expect the fault current of the 1st

design to be larger than the 2nd design and we estimate the fault current in 1st design to be four

times higher than 2nd design. For underground implementations of the 1st design, although we

change all the conductors in the 1st design from overhead into underground, we use the same length

and size of aluminum to make the conductor. Hence, the fault current is the same as the 1st design.

Unreliability Loss

Total energy loss

(MWh/year)

Total energy loss

due to permanent

fault

(MWh/year)

Voltage

Drop (V)

Power Loss

(MW)

1st design overhead 1501 375 6227 1.15

2nd design overhead 1710 427.7 7373 1.23

1st design underground 300 300 6227 1.15 Table 4

Cost of Unreliability

Total fault

($/year)

Permanent fault

($/year)

Annual Value

Loss ($k/year)

1st design overhead 8.758 6,568.38 176.7

2nd design overhead 9.937 7,484.25 189.1

1st design underground 1.752 5,254.70 176.7 Table 5

According to Table 4, the total energy loss in overhead implementations of 1st and 2nd design is

five times larger than the underground implementation of the 1st design. The reason is there are no

temporary fault current occur in underground. Thus, we decided to build circuit breakers in each

of the conductors. As the circuit breakers are able to deal with the temporary fault current in a

very short period (around 1 minute), temporary fault current doesn’t seem affect the whole system

operation seriously. Thus, we can just compare the cost by permanent fault only.

According to Table 4, we can see that the way that combine line 3 and line 4 are able to reduce the

power by fault and the power loss during the normal operation as well. Also, the voltage drop of

the 1st design is lower than the 2nd design. Afterward, when we estimate the cost of these power

loss, we conclude that although the fault current will increase if we combine line 3 and line 4, we

still can save some money for the unreliability cost by fault current. Moreover, we can save more

than $10,000 in power loss during the normal operation. Finally, underground implementation

seems have better reliability, yet the difference in cost of unreliability does not seem to outweigh

the difference in annualized cost of the two designs.

Standards

Impact of Global Warming on our Design

Conclusion

Appendix

Conductor type Weight (lbs/mile) Current Carrying Capacity (A)

336400 cmils ACSR 2442 530

954000 cmils ACSR 6479 1010 Table 6

Ro

w

Dis

tan

ce

No.

of

pol

es

and

ins

ulat

or

Cost of

poles

and

insulato

r

A of

poles

and

insulat

or

XFMR

cost

A of a

XFMR

Price

of

condu

ctor

per lb

Conductor

cost for a

single

turbine

A of a

conducto

r

Connection

Cost for a

single turbine

Total A

1 &

4 0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

1 13 $32,808 $1,419 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $7,417.575 $320.902 $77,725.975 $3,653.49

Total cost

for 3 phase $943,084.68 $46,617.75

2 0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

3.2 41 $103,74

9 $4,488 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $23,456.432

$1,014.7

81 $164,705.702 $7,416.44

Total cost

for 3 phase

$1,030,064.4

1 $50,380.70

3 0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

2.2 29 $73,362 $3,174 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $16,586.202 $717.559 $127,448.015 $5,804.59

Total cost

for 3 phase $992,806.72 $48,768.84

Table 7

Overhead 1st Design Cost Calculation

Ro

w

Dis

tan

ce

No.

of

pol

es

and

ins

ulat

or

Cost of

poles

and

insulato

r

A of

poles

and

insulat

or

XFMR

cost

A of a

XFMR

Price

of

condu

ctor

per lb

Conductor

cost for a

turbine

A of a

conductor

Connection

Cost for a

turbine Total A

1 &

4 0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

1 13 $32,808 $1,419 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $7,417.575 $320.902 $77,725.975 $3,653.49

Total cost

for 3 phase $943,084.68 $46,617.75

2 0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

3.1

623 41

$103,74

9 $4,488 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $23,456.432 $1,014.781 $164,705.702 $7,416.44

Total cost

for 3 phase $1,030,064.41 $50,380.70

3 0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

0.2 3 $6,562 $284 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $1,483.515 $64.180 $45,545.195 $2,261.28

5.3

852 71

$176,67

9 $7,644 $37,500 $1,913 $1.62 $39,944.864 $1,728.110 $254,123.505 $11,284.87

Total cost

for 3 phase $1,119,482.21 $54,249.12 Table 8

Overhead 2nd Design Cost Calculation

Row Distance

XFMR

cost

A of a

XMFR

Price of

conductor

per lb

Conductor

cost for a

turbine

A of

conductor

Cost of

conduits and

ditching per

km

Connection

Cost for a

turbine Total A

1&4 0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

1 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $38,736.225 $2,603.683 $180,446.200 $617,574.83 $4,516.90

Total cost for

3 phase $3,534,359.160 $50,762.12

2 0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

3.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $122,494.699 $8,233.568 $180,446.200 $1,871,857.66 $10,146.79

Total cost for

3 phase $4,788,641.995 $56,392.01

3 0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

0.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $7,747.245 $520.737 $180,446.200 $153,514.97 $2,433.96

2.2 $37,500 $1,913 $8.46 $86,616.832 $5,822.012 $180,446.200 $1,334,586.74 $7,735.23

Total cost for

3 phase $4,251,371.076 $53,980.45 Table 9

Underground 1st Design cost calculation

overhead

(permanent fault) length(m) length(mile)

EF

(faults/year) EOT (hours/year)

Production lost

(MWh/year)

Line 1 4800 2.9825808 1.78954848 2.68432272 26.57479493

Line 2 4800 2.9825808 1.78954848 2.68432272 26.57479493

Lines 3 & 4 (2lines

together) 9836 6.111805156 3.667083094 5.50062464 54.45618394

Lines 3 & 4 to sub 3162 1.964775102 1.178865061 1.768297592 17.50614616

Total production

lost (MWh/year) 375.3357599

cost of unreliability $6,568.38 Table 10

Overhead 1st Design Cost of unreliability calculation

overhead

(permanent fault) length(m) length(mile) EF(faults/year) EOT(hours/year)

Production Lost

(MWh/year)

Line 1 4800 2.9825808 1.78954848 2.68432272 26.57479493

Line 2 4800 2.9825808 1.78954848 2.68432272 26.57479493

Lines 3 & 4 (2lines

together) 6963 4.326606273 2.595963764 3.893945646 38.55006189

Lines 3 & 4 to sub 9186 5.707914006 3.424748404 5.137122605 50.85751379

Total Production lost

(MWh/year) 427.6714966

cost of unreliability $7,484.25 Table 11

Overhead 2ND Design Cost of unreliability calculation

Underground (permanent fault) length(m) length(mile) EF(faults/year) EOT(hours/year)

Production lost(MWh/year)

Line 1 4800 2.9825808 0.178954848 2.147458176 21.25983594

Line 2 4800 2.9825808 0.178954848 2.147458176 21.25983594

Lines 3 & 4 (2lines together) 9836 6.111805156 0.366708309 4.400499712 43.56494715

Lines 3 & 4 to substation 3162 1.964775102 0.117886506 1.414638073 14.00491693

Total production lost(MWh/year) 300.2686079

cost of unreliability $5,254.70 Table 12

Underground 1st Design Cost of unreliability calculation