ovcn inventory of resources related to engaging new canadians as volunteers

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OVCN Inventory: Resources Related to Engaging New Canadians as Volunteers Prepared by: Louise Chatterton Luchuk Date: May 2008 Funded by:

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Page 1: OVCN Inventory of Resources Related to Engaging New Canadians as Volunteers

OVCN Inventory:

Resources Related to

Engaging New Canadians as Volunteers

Prepared by: Louise Chatterton Luchuk Date: May 2008

Funded by:

Page 2: OVCN Inventory of Resources Related to Engaging New Canadians as Volunteers

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Table of Contents Introduction..................................................................................................................................................10 Top Choices for Accessible Resources for Practitioners ............................................................................11 Alphabetical Listing of Resources ...............................................................................................................13

Electronically Accessible .....................................................................................................................13

1. Annotated Bibliography (CDN) 13 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Support

2. Beating the Drum of International Volunteering?: Exploring Motivations to Volunteer amongst Black and Asian Communities 13

Keywords: Motivations

3. Beyond Political Correctness: Discovering the Benefits of Board Diversity 14 Keywords: Board

4. Board Diversity Training: A Toolkit (CDN) 14 Keywords: Boards, Diversity Promotion, Tip/Tool

5. Board Mentoring Handbook (CDN) 14 Keywords: Board

6. Brokering Change Report (CDN) 15 Keywords: Barriers

7. Building Board Diversity 15 Keywords: Board

8. Building Caring Communities: The Contributions of Immigrant Volunteers (CDN) 16 Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Perceptions, Research

9. “Can Volunteer Work Help Me Get A Job In My Field?”: on Learning, Immigration and Labour Markets (CDN) 16

Keywords: Research

10. Changing World of Volunteer Management. A Practical Guide to Cultural Diversity in Volunteer Management, The (CDN) 16

Keywords: Profile, Support

11. Country Report – Volunteering in Columbia 17 Keywords: Profile

12. Country Report – Volunteering in the Czech Republic 17 Keywords: Profile

13. Country Report – Volunteering in Venezuela 18 Keywords: Profile

14. Country Report – Volunteering in Zambia 18 Keywords: Profile

15. Creating a More Inclusive Voluntary Sector: A Focus on Diversity (CDN) 18 Keywords: Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

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16. Cultural Audit: Report of the HACC and Volunteers from Diverse Cultural Backgrounds Project 19

Keywords: Recruitment, Support

17. Cultural Diversity and High School Community Service: The Relationships between Ethnicity and Students’ Perceptions 20

Keywords: Perceptions, Research

18. Culturally Diverse Youth and Volunteerism: How to Recruit, Train and Retain Culturally Diverse Youth Volunteers (CDN) 20

Keywords: Recruitment, Support

19. Diverse Appeal 20 Keywords: Diversity Promotion

20. Diversify! 21 Keywords: Barriers, Diversity Promotion, Profile, Recruitment

21. Diversifying the Volunteer Base: Latinos and Volunteerism 21 Keywords: Recruitment

22. Diversity and Volunteering Go Hand in Hand 22 Keywords: Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

23. Diversity and Volunteerism: Deriving Advantage from Difference 22 Keywords: Diversity Promotion

24. Diversity Awareness Group Training Exercises 23 Keywords: Diversity Promotion

25. Diversity in Governance: A Toolkit for Inclusion on Nonprofit Boards (CDN) 23 Keywords: Board, Policy and Procedures, Tip/Tool

26. Diversity in Volunteering 23 Keywords: Barriers, Diversity Promotion

27. Diversity Resources 24 Keywords: Recruitment, Support

28. Drawing on the Widest Pool of Talent and Generosity: Diversity vs. Inclusion 24 Keywords: Barriers, Organizational Culture, Recruitment

29. Embracing Diversity 25 Keywords: Organizational Culture

30. Enhancing Volunteer Participation with the Ethno-Cultural Community (CDN) 25 Keywords: Motivations, Support

31. Equitable Treatment of Immigrant/Visible Minority Women as Employees and Volunteers in the Alberta Voluntary Sector (CDN) 26

Keywords: Barriers, Research

32. Ethnic Communities in Canada from a Governance Perspective: Unity in Diversity? (CDN) 26 Keywords: Research

33. Ethnicity, Social Cohesion and Social Integration in Toronto, Canada (CDN) 26 Keywords: Research

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34. Ethnicity, Voluntary Behaviour, and Social Integration (CDN) 27 Keywords: Research

35. Examining Community Engagement in Faith Communities (CDN) 27 Keywords: Barriers, Motivations

36. Experiences and Perceptions of Volunteering in Indigenous and Non-English Speaking Background Communities 28

Keywords: Perceptions, Policy and Procedures, Research

37. Facilitator Guide to Encourage Newcomer Voluntarism (CDN) 28 Keywords: Barriers, Recruitment, Tip/Tool

38. Finding Paid and Volunteer Work in the Environment (CDN) 29 Keywords: Recruitment

39. Finding Their Voice: Civic Engagement among Aboriginal and New Canadians (CDN) 30 Keywords: Recruitment, Support

40. From Barriers to Bridges – Involving a Broader Range of Volunteers 30 Keywords: Barriers, Recruitment, Support

41. From Charity to Community Building – Volunteer Service in Hong Kong, China 31 Keywords: Profile

42. Get it Right from the Start: Volunteer Policies – the Key to Diverse Volunteer Involvement 31 Keywords: Barriers, Policy and Procedures, Recruitment, Support

43. Giving and Volunteering of New Canadians, The (CDN) 31 Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Research

44. GoldStar Website 32 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

45. Hispanic American Volunteering 32 Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Research

46. Hot Topic: In from the CALD! 33 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Tip/Tool

47. Immigrant and Visible Minority Women in the Non-Profit Sector as Volunteers and Paid Workers (CDN) 33

Keywords: Research

48. Immigrant Women as Volunteers: Benefits for Charitable and Nonprofit Organizations 34 Keywords: Barriers, Recruitment, Tip/Tool

49. Immigrant Women…Why Volunteer? (CDN) 34 Keywords: Tip/Tool

50. INVOLVE Project 34 Keywords: Barriers, Policy and Procedures, Support

51. Involving Volunteers from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds – Take a Closer Look 35

Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Recruitment

52. Involving Volunteers from Underrepresented Groups 35

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Keywords: Barriers, Research, Support

53. Making Connections: Social and Civic Engagement among Canadian Immigrants (CDN) 36 Keywords: Barriers, Research

54. Making Everyone Feel at Home – Parts 1 & 2 36 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture

55. Meaning of “Volunteering” to New Canadians in Ottawa: Implications for Managers of Volunteer Resources, The (CDN) 37

Keywords: Perceptions

56. Migrant and Ethnic Minority Volunteering (MEM-VOL) 37 Keywords: Research, Support

57. Multicultural Volunteer Programs: A Self-Assessment Tool (CDN) 38 Keywords: Tip/Tool

58. National Survey of Australian Volunteers from Diverse Cultural and Linguistic Backgrounds ................................Keywords: Research

59. New Canadians as Volunteers: Experiencing Canada and Community (CDN) 39 Keywords: Recruitment, Support

60. New Canadian’s First Decade of Volunteering, A (CDN) 39 Keywords: Barriers, Organizational Culture, Recruitment, Research, Support

61. Part of Society: Refugees and Asylum Seekers Volunteering in the UK, A 40 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Support, Tip/Tool

62. Participation in the Voluntary Sector – Response to Denise Helly workshop (CDN) 40 Keywords: Research

63. Perceptions, Attitudes, and Motivations of New Canadians Regarding Volunteerism: Research Report (CDN) 41

Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Perceptions, Recruitment, Research

64. Practical Guide to Involving Volunteers from Diverse Cultural and Language (CALD) Backgrounds in Your Organisation 41

Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

65. Questioning Volunteer Management (CDN) 42 Keywords: Diversity promotion, Support

66. Reaching Out to Spanish-Speaking Volunteers: A Guide to More Inclusive Community Building 42

Keywords: Profile, Perceptions, Recruitment, Support

67. Recipe for Diversity Success 43 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Support

68. Recruiting and Supporting Latino Volunteers 43 Keywords: Profile, Recruitment, Support

69. Recruiting Diverse Seniors as Tutors 43 Keywords: Recruitment, Support

70. Recruiting Diverse Volunteers 44

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Keywords: Recruitment

71. Recruiting Diverse Volunteers 44 Keywords: Recruitment

72. Recruitment and Retention of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Volunteers in HACC Services 45

Keywords: Barriers, Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

73. Refugee Women – from Volunteers to Employees: a Research Project on Paid and Unpaid Work in the Voluntary Sector and Volunteering as a Pathway into Employment 45

Keywords: Barriers, Policy and Procedures, Tip/Tool

74. Research about Muslim Youth’s Experiences of and Attitudes towards Volunteering 46 Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Perceptions, Profile, Research, Tip/Tool

75. Research Report: Connecting Volunteers with Community (CDN) 46 Keywords: Recruitment, Research, Support

76. Review of Volunteerism in Peel (CDN) 47 Keywords: Research

77. Role of Ethnic Congregations in Volunteering: A Research Report, The (CDN) 47 Keywords: Perceptions, Research

78. Seeking ‘Canadian Experience’: The Informal Learning of New Immigrants as Volunteer Workers (CDN) 48

Keywords: Research

79. Settlement.Org website (CDN) 48 Keywords: Support

80. Sharing Holiday Traditions and Diversity at an In-Service Training 48 Keywords: Tip/Tool

81. Strategy for Involving Young Black and Minority Ethnic Volunteers 49 Keywords: Recruitment, Support

82. Stronger Together: Recruiting and Working with Ethnocultural Volunteers (CDN) 49 Keywords: Recruitment, Support

83. Subject Guide: Involving Volunteers from Culturally & Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds 50 Keywords: Policy and Procedures, Recruitment, Support

84. Submission in Response to the Department for Victorian Communities Discussion Paper: Patterns of Volunteering 50

Keywords: Barriers, Research

85. Supporting Volunteering Activities in Australian Muslim Communities, Particularly Youth 50 Keywords: Perceptions, Profile, Recruitment, Research

86. Targeted Recruitment of Black & Minority Ethnic Volunteers 51 Keywords: Recruitment, Tip/Tool

87. Tools for Improving Your Board’s Diversity 51 Keywords: Board

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88. Training Manual: Recruiting and Supporting Volunteers from Diverse Cultural and Language Backgrounds 52

Keywords: Organizational Culture, Recruitment, Support

89. Translated Resources for Volunteering 52 Keywords: Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

90. Understanding Canadian Volunteers: Using the National Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating to Build your Volunteer Program (CDN) 53

Keywords: Perceptions, Recruitment, Research, Support

91. Untapped Resources: The New Canadian Volunteer (CDN) 53 Keywords: Support, Tip/Tool

92. Valuing Volunteers: The Value of Volunteering for Refugees and Asylum Seekers 53 Keywords: Recruitment, Research, Support

93. Voluntary and Social Participation by People of Immigrant Origin: Overview of Canadian Research (CDN) 54

Keywords: Research

94. Volunteering among Ethnocultural Seniors Who Are New to Canada: Supporting and Celebrating a Valuable Contribution (CDN) 54

Keywords: Barriers, Profile, Recruitment, Research, Support

95. Volunteering among Groups Deemed at Risk of Social Exclusion 55 Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Research

96. Volunteering and Ethnic Communities: A Dialogue with Ethnic Communities 55 Keywords: Barriers

97. Volunteering at Leadership Levels: A Resource for Prospective and Current Board Members (CDN) 56

Keywords: Board

98. Volunteering Fact Sheets 56 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Tip/Tool

99. Volunteering Fact Sheets in 12 different languages 57 Keywords: Tip/Tool

100. Volunteering for All? Exploring the Link between Volunteering and Social Exclusion 57 Keywords: Barriers, Diversity Promotion, Research

101. “Volunteering for New Canadians” Pamphlet (CDN) 57 Keywords: Recruitment, Tip/Tool

102. Volunteering In Canada: Practical Findings from Research, 2000 – 2007 (CDN) 58 Keywords: Research, Support

103. Volunteering – Pathway to Inclusion (CDN) 58 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Policy and Procedures, Support

Tip/Tool

104. Volunteering Worldwide 2001 59 Keywords: Profile

105. Volunteering, Diversity, and Inclusion (CDN) 59

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Keywords: Diversity Promotion

106. Volunteering in Different Languages 60 Keywords: Tip/Tool

107. Volunteerism in Islam 60 Keywords: Profile

108. Volunteerism in Nepal 61 Keywords: Profile

109. Volunteerism Worldwide: News, Views and Resources 61 Keywords: Profile

110. Welcoming Multi-Ethnic Volunteers: Top Tips 61 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Tip/Tool

111. Youth Volunteering in Canada: Reflections on the Ethnic Dimension 62 Keywords: Research

Books .....................................................................................................................................................63

1. A-Z of Volunteering and Asylum, The 63

2. Building Board Diversity 63

3. Kaleidoscopic Organizations: Diversity and Inclusivity: A Framework (CDN) 63

4. Making Diversity Meaningful in the Boardroom 64

5. Managing Volunteer Diversity: A Rainbow of Opportunity 1990s Guide to Innovative Volunteer Program Management 64

6. My Time, My Community, Myself 65

7. Values of Volunteering: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies), The 65

Journal/Subscription-based Resources .............................................................................................66

1. Achieving Greater Social Inclusion through Volunteering 66

2. Beyond Representation: Building Diverse Board Leadership Teams 66

3. Building Board Diversity: A Case Study of the Western Affiliates of Planned Parenthood Federation of America 66

4. Celebrating Diversity: Experiences and Perceptions of Volunteering in Indigenous and non-English Speaking Background Communities 67

5. Creating a Culturally Competent Volunteer Program 67

6. Diversity: Who Should Sit at Your Table? 68

7. Diversity Continuum 68

8. Diversity and Volunteerism: Deriving Advantage from Difference 68

9. Five Reasons for Nonprofit Organizations to Be Inclusive 69

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10. Individualism and Good Works: Cultural Variation in Giving and Volunteering Across the United States 69

11. Motivational Differences between Black and White Volunteers 70

12. Multicultural Volunteering: Reflections on the Salad Bowl Approach 70

13. Multi-Faceted Look at Diversity: Why Outreach Is Not Enough, A 70

14. Professional Development Model for Ethnoculturally Diverse Volunteer Programs: Components of a Training Program for Understanding and Valuing Diversity, A 71

15. Race and Formal Volunteering: The Differential Effects of Class and Religion 71

16. Richness in Diversity (CDN) 72

17. Volunteering in a Culturally Diverse Context: Implications for Program Designers and Managers 72

18. Who Is That? An Interactive Exercise to Explore Perceptions 72

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Introduction In 2007, the Ontario Volunteer Centre Network (OVCN) sought and received funds from the Ontario Ministry of Citizenship and Immigration (MCI) for a two year project entitled: Building Stronger Organizations (in Ontario’s small to medium sized organizations) through volunteer centre services and engaging newcomers as volunteers. One of the first deliverables (May 2008) in the project is this inventory of resources related to engaging new Canadians as volunteers with the goal to increase awareness and understanding of resources available to support ethno-cultural volunteers in Ontario. The Inventory is divided into three sections:

1. Electronically accessible resources – PDFs and Internet-based resources that can be accessed at no cost

2. Books – a selection of relevant books with information about how to order the books

3. Journal/subscription-based resources – resources available only with a paid subscription (including academic journals on volunteer management) with information about how to subscribe

A few notes about the Inventory:

• All hyperlinks were active as of 23 May 2008.

• Inventory resources that come from Canadian sources are identified by (CDN) at the end of the title.

• In the case of older publications (e.g. early 1990s and older) only some were included in the Inventory due to the prominence of the author or the source of the information.

• While this is a print listing of resources, the Inventory has been shared with the “Advancing Cultural Diversity in Volunteer Management” project (another MCI funded project) coordinated by the Social Planning Council of Peel. Therefore, the Inventory resources can also be searched and accessed online through their project website (www.culturaldiversityandvolunteers.ca).

• Each free, electronically accessible entry in this Inventory includes a list of keyword(s). For quick reference, the keywords are also included up in the Table of Contents. The following is a complete alphabetical listing of keywords used:

- Barriers - Board - Diversity Promotion - Policy and Procedures - Motivations (to volunteer) - Organizational Culture - Perceptions (of volunteering) - Profile - Recruitment - Research - Support - Tip/Tool

• Books and Journal/subscription-based resources do not have corresponding keywords as the actual resources could not be accessed in the preparation of this Inventory.

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Please Note: As many of the Inventory entries are in PDF format, you will need to download the latest version of the free Adobe Acrobat Reader software (http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html) in order to access these resources.

Top Choices for Accessible Resources for Practitioners This inventory includes over 130 resources. The following were chosen as the most useful, practical and reader-friendly and are recommended as a starting point for delving into the topic of engaging New Canadians as volunteers.

Inventory Resource Title (CTRL + Click to Follow Link)

Recommended because…

Building Caring Communities: The Contributions of Immigrant Volunteers (CDN) 16

• Canadian content • written by a volunteer centre • written in a reader-friendly tone and style

Culturally Diverse Youth and Volunteerism: How to Recruit, Train and Retain Culturally Diverse Youth Volunteers (CDN) 20

• Canadian content • written by an organization with successful

experience including New Canadians as volunteers

• includes a Program Assessment Guide

Diversity and Volunteering Go Hand in Hand 22

• quick sheet of tips

Facilitator Guide to Encourage Newcomer Voluntarism (CDN) 28

• Canadian content • written by an organization with experience

supporting New Canadians • includes agenda, handouts, facilitator notes

and powerpoint presentation that can be customized to fit with an organization’s current recruitment and orientation practices

GoldStar Website 32 • includes ideas, practices and templates from successful programs and collects them in this “Good Practice” toolkit (including a 120 page Good Practice handbook)

Making Connections: Social and Civic Engagement among Canadian Immigrants (CDN) 36

• Canadian content • analyzes and summarizes information from

the 2000 National Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating and the 2003 General Social Survey plus 2001 census data

• gives a picture of trends and patterns in the

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volunteering of immigrants • read the full report or the executive summary

plus individual stories, press release, etc.

New Canadians as Volunteers: Experiencing Canada and Community (CDN)

• Canadian content • provides the perspectives of both New

Canadians and volunteer-involving organizations and recommends recruitment and retention strategies

Part of Society: Refugees and Asylum Seekers Volunteering in the UK, A 40

• includes recommendations that are of interest to the Canadian context

• includes case studies of 10 organizations that have successfully involved volunteers who are immigrants

Perceptions, Attitudes, and Motivations of New Canadians Regarding Volunteerism: Research Report (CDN) 41

• Canadian content • a report that is reasonable in length and

provides an overview of the perceptions, attitudes and motivations of New Canadians regarding volunteerism

Questioning Volunteer Management (CDN) 42

• Canadian content • a fresh critique of how the professionalization

of volunteer management may lead to social exclusion and how that can be changed

Training Manual: Recruiting and Supporting Volunteers from Diverse Cultural and Language Backgrounds 52

• for trainers and organizations that want to increase the cultural diversity of their volunteer programs

• includes worksheets, exercises, trainer’s notes

• allows you to customize a very thoughtful training workshop

Volunteering among Ethnocultural Seniors Who Are New to Canada: Supporting and Celebrating a Valuable Contribution (CDN) 54

• Canadian content • although there is some information available

on volunteering among seniors and volunteering among new Canadians, there is very little information on volunteering and seniors who are new Canadians

Volunteering Worldwide 2001 59

• easy way to access information about what volunteering means in over 200 countries around the world

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Alphabetical Listing of Resources

Electronically Accessible

Title Keywords

1. Annotated Bibliography (CDN) Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Support

Author Publication Date

OCASI Accessed on 30 May 08

Description

This bibliography contains background research materials and useful documents for those interested in digging more deeply into issues related to voluntarism, newcomer integration and social inclusion. Where available, links to online versions of the documents have been provided.

How to Access this Resource

http://atwork.settlement.org/inclusion/research/biblio.asp

Title Keywords

2. Beating the Drum of International Volunteering?: Exploring Motivations to Volunteer amongst Black and Asian Communities

Keywords: Motivations

Author Publication Date

Anjul Sharma and Matthew Bell (for Voluntary Service Overseas)

2002

Description

This paper presents a case history of research that VSO undertook with The Research Business International (TRBI), exploring motivations to volunteer amongst Britain's Black and Asian communities. VSO is an international development charity that recruits skilled volunteers from professional backgrounds to work abroad, usually for two years. Conducted over a 4-month period, the research provided valuable insights into the relevance and impact of cultural heritage in determining motivations to volunteer.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.trbi.co.uk/research2002/Anjul&Matthew.PDF

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Title Keywords

3. Beyond Political Correctness: Discovering the Benefits of Board Diversity

Keywords: Board

Author Publication Date

Linda Chandler 2005

Description

This article from Association Management vol. 57 (January 2005) p. 29-30, 32 discusses that, beyond being politically correct, associations with diverse board representation have learned that diversity helps create quality decision making and increases success in important areas such as mission, member recruitment and retention, conference attendance and strategic alliances. Includes examples of how diversity has benefited other associations.

How to Access this Resource

http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-3676384/Beyond-political-correctness-discover-the.html#abstract

Title Keywords

4. Board Diversity Training: A Toolkit (CDN) Keywords: Boards, Diversity Promotion, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Pillar Nonprofit Network 2008

Description

This resource is for boards of directors, executive directors and senior managers who are responsible for the decision-making in an organization. This toolkit is also designed for diversity managers, leaders and champions who have an interest in learning from a best practice model from the London community. The goal of this resource is to provide organizations with the necessary information to set and reach your diversity goals. This resource is board governance-focused and will map out how to move from acknowledging and respecting diversity to developing real action-based strategies. This includes developing an organizational diversity goal, a board recruitment process, and tailoring your documents and statements (i.e., vision, mission, values, policies, constitutions and by-laws) to be more inclusive.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.pillarnonprofit.ca/documents/pillartoolkit_boarddiversity_05.pdf

Title Keywords

5. Board Mentoring Handbook (CDN) Keywords: Board

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Author Publication Date

Heather McFarlane for the Maytree Foundation 2007

Description

The mentoring program outlined in this handbook is designed for easy implementation for a board looking to use mentoring as a tool to engage and retain diverse board members.

How to Access this Resource

http://maytree.netfirms.com/maytree/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/boardmentoringhandbook.pdf

Title Keywords

6. Brokering Change Report (CDN) Keywords: Barriers

Author Publication Date

Volunteer Toronto 2006

Description

Brokering Change was launched as a pilot project to identify the challenges of building the capacity of community based agencies to deliver and manage culturally competent volunteer programs.

How to Access this Resource

Access through the “Advancing Cultural Diversity in Volunteer Management” project’s online inventory (www.culturaldiversityandvolunteers.ca).

Title Keywords

7. Building Board Diversity Keywords: Board

Author Publication Date

Rebecca Gardyn in the Chronicle of Philanthropy 2003

Description

An article describing how several American non-profit organizations diversified their board of directors.

How to Access this Resource

http://philanthropy.com/free/articles/v16/i05/05002501.htm

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Title Keywords

8. Building Caring Communities: The Contributions of Immigrant Volunteers (CDN)

Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Perceptions, Research

Author Publication Date

Community Volunteer Connections (Richmond, BC) 2006

Description

This project used Appreciative Inquiry to investigate successful experiences of pairs of immigrant volunteers and volunteer coordinators. Ten volunteers emigrating from nine countries and nine volunteer coordinators participated in two focus groups.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteerconnections.net/buildingCaringCommunities.pdf

Title Keywords

9. “Can Volunteer Work Help Me Get A Job In My Field?”: on Learning, Immigration and Labour Markets (CDN)

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

Daniel Schugurensky, Bonnie Slade and Yang Luo 2007

Description

This paper focuses on the learning dimension of the volunteer experience. It examines what was learned through the volunteer placements, how that learning was acquired, and what impact the learning had on their ability to find paid employment appropriate to their education and work experience.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.wallnetwork.ca/inequity/LL&W2005/SchugurenskyPaper.pdf

Title Keywords

10. Changing World of Volunteer Management. A Practical Guide to Cultural Diversity in Volunteer Management, The (CDN)

Keywords: Profile, Support

Author Publication Date

Lillias Skinner, Keith Seel, Diane Fisher and Li Zahnd for the Calgary ADVR

1995

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Description

A major trend impacting the profession today is that more than ever before Canadian communities represent a mosaic of distinct cultures, providing us with the opportunity to learn and benefit from each other. Consequently, ADVR has addressed the complexities of effectively managing a multicultural volunteer program through extensive research, resulting in this document. It is our hope that all who read it will be better equipped to meet the challenges and opportunities of managing a program enriched by the diversity of the many cultures that make up our communities.

How to Access this Resource

Overview: http://www.abheritage.ca/volunteer/issues/articles/Changing_World_Volunteer_Management.pdf (Full Document not available online.)

Title Keywords

11. Country Report – Volunteering in Columbia Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

Argda Melo 2001

Description

A report on the background, history, organizational forms and activities of voluntary work in Colombia.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.iave.org/resources/Volunteering%20Worldwide%20Country%20Report%20Colombia.pdf

Title Keywords

12. Country Report – Volunteering in the Czech Republic

Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

Olga Sozanska (Hestia – National Volunteer Center)

2007

Description

This report on volunteering in the Czech Republic covers:

• brief introduction into the local context of volunteering • definitions of volunteer work and volunteering

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• government policy and legislation on volunteering • data on the economic value of volunteering • Hestia – National Volunteer Center • personal story • list of other volunteer involving organizations in the Czech Republic • other links • author`s biography

How to Access this Resource

http://www.iave.org/ResourceView.asp?resourceID=157

Title Keywords

13. Country Report – Volunteering in Venezuela Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

Iraida Manzanilla Guerra Accessed on 30 May 08

Description

Describes the evolution of volunteerism in Venezuela,

How to Access this Resource

http://www.iave.org/ResourceView.asp?resourceID=160

Title Keywords

14. Country Report – Volunteering in Zambia Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

unknown 2001

Description

A description of the factors that affect volunteerism and the understanding of volunteerism in Zambia.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.iave.org/resources/Volunteering%20Worldwide%20Country%20Report%20Zambia.pdf

Title Keywords

15. Creating a More Inclusive Voluntary Sector: A Keywords: Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

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Focus on Diversity (CDN)

Author Publication Date

Policy Link N.B. and the John Howard Society of

Greater Moncton Inc. 2006

Description

This guide has been designed for use by organizations in the voluntary sector and the multicultural community as a resource to help increase the level of participation of people from all of the diverse cultures that are represented in New Brunswick as active volunteers in our community. It is meant to be an introduction to the concept of social inclusion and as such, organizations that are committed to diversity will need to explore the many websites and publications that are presented in this guide to complete the transformation into a more inclusive voluntary sector organization.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.policylink.nb.ca/wnew/focus.pdf

Title Keywords

16. Cultural Audit: Report of the HACC and Volunteers from Diverse Cultural Backgrounds Project

Keywords: Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Sharon Porteous 2006

Description

The Home and Community Care Services (HACC) and Volunteers from Diverse Cultural Backgrounds Project was a joint initiative between the Migrant Information Centre (Eastern Melbourne) (MIC) and the Eastern Volunteer Recruitment Project (EVRP), a Department of Human Services (DHS) funded pilot project in Eastern Metropolitan Melbourne (Australia). One strategy to improve access to HACC services in the EMR for people from CALD backgrounds is to recruit and retain volunteers from CALD backgrounds in those services. The focus of the project was to develop an understanding of volunteering in mainstream HACC organizations by members of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities. This included an assessment of the level of volunteering by members of CALD communities in HACC organizations in the EMR, and the cultural sensitivity of those organizations in the recruitment and support of volunteers from CALD backgrounds.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.evrp.org.au/documents/docs/EVRP_MIC_CALD_project_report_June06.pdf

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Title Keywords

17. Cultural Diversity and High School Community Service: The Relationships between Ethnicity and Students’ Perceptions

Keywords: Perceptions, Research

Author Publication Date

Sally A. Raskoff and Richard A. Sundeen 2001

Description

This article reports the results of an analysis of the relationship between cultural statuses and the socialization of youth into civic roles. The data tell an interesting story regarding perceptions of community service program experiences among students from different racial/ethnic backgrounds and schools with different class and racial/ethnic characteristics. Findings from the quantitative and qualitative analyses reveal important similarities and differences among race/ethnic groups in their community service experiences that have direct theoretical, policy, and practical implications.

How to Access this Resource

http://nvs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/30/4/720

Title Keywords

18. Culturally Diverse Youth and Volunteerism: How to Recruit, Train and Retain Culturally Diverse Youth Volunteers (CDN)

Keywords: Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Calgary Immigrant Aid Society (CIAS) 2005

Description

The focus of this project was on volunteer job design for individuals from diverse cultures and builds on a previous project that introduced immigrant youth to the concept of civic participation and volunteerism through skill building workshops, volunteer placement and follow-up.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteer.ca/volunteer/pdf/CSC-CDYV.pdf

Title Keywords

19. Diverse Appeal Keywords: Diversity Promotion

Author Publication Date

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Ann Brogan 2005

Description

Ann Brogan from Exeter Volunteer Bureau describes how they’ve been promoting inclusion through an innovative photography project. Exeter Volunteer Bureau has a strong tradition of working with a diverse range of volunteers – those with learning difficulties, people with mental health problems, non-traditional learners, young people, older people, ex-offenders, people from BME communities. In this article, Brogan explains their approach to challenging assumptions held by many organizations about involving people from marginalised groups.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteering.org.uk/Resources/goodpracticebank/Core+Themes/equalopportunitiesdiversity/ diverseappeal.htm

Title Keywords

20. Diversify! Keywords: Barriers, Diversity Promotion, Profile, Recruitment

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Ireland VOLT Network Accessed on 23 May 08

Description

This publication is aimed at organizations who wish to respond to the increasing numbers of people from different cultural backgrounds and countries who are seeking to volunteer in Ireland. It outlines the benefits and barriers to cultural diversity in volunteering and gives practical advice for increasing the diversity of volunteers. The publication also profiles the countries from which most of our potential volunteers hail and issues that organizations should be aware of. This booklet hopes to promote volunteering as a positive tool for social change and integration and to assist in facilitating the process of volunteering for both organizations and volunteers. It will help anyone who works with volunteers to face the challenges that a more diverse volunteer force can bring to an organization.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringireland.com/page.php?id=68 (Scroll down the page until you find the link to this resource)

Title Keywords

21. Diversifying the Volunteer Base: Latinos and Volunteerism

Keywords: Recruitment

Author Publication Date

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Beverly B. Hobbs for the Journal of Extension 2001

Description

Beginning in the spring of 1997, the Oregon 4-H program intensified its efforts to involve more Latino youth and adults in its programs. A 1999 evaluation of outcomes revealed an increase in the number of Latino youth participants but no significant change in the number of Latino 4-H volunteers. It was evident that 4-H had to redesign its approach to volunteer recruitment in light of the cultural context presented by Latinos.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.joe.org/joe/2001august/a1.html

Title Keywords

22. Diversity and Volunteering Go Hand in Hand Keywords: Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Australia 2005

Description

Tips on involving volunteers from diverse backgrounds into volunteer programs.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/ TEB15YBCMH/Diversity%20and%20Volunteering%20go%20hand%20in%20hand.pdf

Title Keywords

23. Diversity and Volunteerism: Deriving Advantage from Difference

Keywords: Diversity Promotion

Author Publication Date

Santiago Rodriguez 1997

Description

This article focuses on the fact that voluntary organizations in the United States and globally are faced with the growth of an increasingly diverse population and service base. Methods and approaches that have worked effectively in more homogenous settings may not be as useful in more diverse environments. We need to identify new ways to reach client groups in a manner comfortable to their cultural styles (based on a presentation at the 1996 International Conference on Volunteer Administration).

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How to Access this Resource

http://www.energizeinc.com/art/jdiv.html

Title Keywords

24. Diversity Awareness Group Training Exercises Keywords: Diversity Promotion

Author Publication Date

Volunteering England Accessed on 23 May 08

Description

Diversity Awareness Group Training Exercises can be used with any group of people as a way of raising diversity issues in an amusing way. The fictional case studies seem quite ridiculous at first and this helps people to relax so that they are more open about their assumptions about diversity. The value of the exercise is that it puts people in the position of being in a group which is oppressed and devalued. For some people this will be a novel experience, for others it will be painfully familiar.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteering.org.uk/Resources/goodpracticebank/Core+Themes/ equalopportunitiesdiversity/training.htm

Title Keywords

25. Diversity in Governance: A Toolkit for Inclusion on Nonprofit Boards (CDN)

Keywords: Board, Policy and Procedures, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Maytree Foundation 2007

Description

This toolkit includes a step-by-step process plus case study examples.

How to Access this Resource

http://maytree.netfirms.com/maytree/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/diversity_toolkit_nonprofit.pdf

Title Keywords

26. Diversity in Volunteering Keywords: Barriers, Diversity Promotion

Author Publication Date

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Volunteer Development Agency (Northern Ireland) 2005

Description

The aim of this booklet is to encourage organizations to reflect on diversity in volunteering, on the barriers to diversity in volunteering and what it means to be a diverse organization. The guidance can be used by organizations of all shapes and sizes.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteering-ni.org/what_we__do/publications/ (Scroll down to “Volunteering” and download “Diversity in Volunteering”)

Title Keywords

27. Diversity Resources Keywords: Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Corporation for National and Community Service Accessed on 23 May 08

Description

Within any service environment, it's important to encourage awareness of and conscientious sensitivity to issues relating to race/culture, religion, gender, sexual orientation, disability, and age, with an aim to promote equal treatment and consideration of all staff, volunteers, or other service participants. This section of website lists the most relevant resources for this topic area as identified by the Corporation for National and Community Service.

How to Access this Resource

http://nationalserviceresources.org/volunteer-member-staff-management/diversity

Title Keywords

28. Drawing on the Widest Pool of Talent and Generosity: Diversity vs. Inclusion

Keywords: Barriers, Organizational Culture, Recruitment

Author Publication Date

Nan Hawthorne 2006

Description

This article challenges organizations to step back and look at their program, policies, work environment, publications, etc. to understand the inherent barriers. The article makes the point that inclusion is all about people making their own choices freely and not just being allowed to do something. Inclusion is the concept that creates an environment that by its nature is open and accessible to all. Instead of creating artificial expectations and demands, with inclusion the environment lacks barriers by default. When

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something like a volunteer resources program “lacks barriers” people who want to be there are there.

How to Access this Resource

http://two.charitychannel.com/publish/templates/?a=9650&z=24

Title Keywords

29. Embracing Diversity Keywords: Organizational Culture

Author Publication Date

Jesse Bowen 2006

Description

This articles starts with the assumption that everyone who is working in this field, including the volunteers themselves, have caring hearts and want to bring about some improvement in their community/city/country. Keeping this assumption in mind, this article looks at how good hearted people can do hurtful things without even knowing it, and provides some steps to welcome diversity.

How to Access this Resource

http://two.charitychannel.com/publish/templates/?a=12111&z=24

Title Keywords

30. Enhancing Volunteer Participation with the Ethno-Cultural Community (CDN)

Keywords: Motivations, Support

Author Publication Date

Haddasah Ksienski 2004

Description

[This Muttart Foundation] project aimed to examine how and when immigrants and refugees new to Canada take part in volunteering activities and to determine what the volunteer experience is like for immigrants and refugees who volunteer in immigrant-serving agencies. The population for this study was the volunteers who provide services for or on behalf of Calgary Immigrant Aid Society (CIAS).

How to Access this Resource

http://www.muttart.org/download/fellowships/Ksienski.pdf

Title Keywords

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31. Equitable Treatment of Immigrant/Visible Minority Women as Employees and Volunteers in the Alberta Voluntary Sector (CDN)

Keywords: Barriers, Research

Author Publication Date

Alberta Network of Immigrant Women (ANIW) 2006

Description

To better understand the results of a pilot project, ANIW undertook further investigation to identify these barriers and develop strategies about the issues experienced by immigrant/visible minority women working and volunteering in the human services sub-sector of the voluntary or non-profit sector in Alberta.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.calgarycvo.org/documents/EquitableTreatmentImmigrantWoman_Oct2006.pdf

Title Keywords

32. Ethnic Communities in Canada from a Governance Perspective: Unity in Diversity? (CDN)

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

Institute on Governance 2001

Description

Specific questions this study addresses are the following:

• How do ethnic communities in Canada build capacity to organize and govern themselves? • How important is volunteerism to building this capacity? • Are there any common priorities that drive the establishment of these organizations? • What are their principal sources of funding and how important is current government policy and

programming? • How do they interact with governments and other ethnic organizations? • Is there a discernible mode of decision-making that is culturally specific to each of these

communities?

How to Access this Resource

http://www.iog.ca/publications/ethnic_communities.pdf

Title Keywords

33. Ethnicity, Social Cohesion and Social Keywords: Research

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Integration in Toronto, Canada (CDN)

Author Publication Date

Ida Berger, Mary Foster, Agnes Meinhard 2005

Description

Using data from the 2002 Canadian Ethnic Diversity Survey this paper explores the nature of voluntary sector engagement across select ethnic groups in Toronto. The report looks at how voluntary engagement evolves over generations in Canada. The results of this survey indicate that engagement in the voluntary sector certainly has a role to play in dimensions of social cohesion and conclude from the analysis that engagement in the voluntary sector is associated with social cohesion, but whether or not this cohesion results in positive or negative social outcomes depends on whether the cohesion is of a bonding or bridging variety. The results also provide considerable challenge for voluntary sector organizations.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.ryerson.ca/cvss/WP32.pdf

Title Keywords

34. Ethnicity, Voluntary Behaviour, and Social Integration (CDN)

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

Ida E. Berger, Mihaela Dinca-Panaitescu, Mary K. Foster, Agnes G. Meinhard

2005

Description

Using data from the Ethnic Diversity Survey, this paper explores the relationship between volunteering and social integration and the moderating influence of ethnic subgroup identity and length of time in Canada on this relationship. Their results provide support for the proposed model in that they show that volunteering enhances social success for Canadians in general, and particularly first generation Canadians and Chinese Canadians.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.ryerson.ca/cvss/WP29.pdf

Title Keywords

35. Examining Community Engagement in Faith Communities (CDN)

Keywords: Barriers, Motivations

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Author Publication Date

Colleen Donahue, Planit Communications Inc. for Volunteer Alberta

2004

Description

By connecting with a sample of faith community opinion leaders and members throughout Alberta, this research aimed to examine community engagement from the faith community perspective. The research objectives were:

• to define the enablers and impediments to community engagement from a faith community perspective

• to determine the volunteer-related contributions, attitudes and behaviours of Alberta’s faith communities

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeralberta.ab.ca/uploaded_files/documents/ 90_examining%20community%20engagement%20in%20faith%20communities-full%20report.pdf

Title Keywords

36. Experiences and Perceptions of Volunteering in Indigenous and Non-English Speaking Background Communities

Keywords: Perceptions, Policy and Procedures, Research

Author Publication Date

Lorraine Kerr, Harry Savelsberg, Syd Sparrow and Deirdre Tedmanson

2001

Description

This report examines in depth the experiences and perceptions of Indigenous people and those from NESB in relation to their voluntary activities and community effort—much of which has not been recognized, well supported or valued—as it has often occurred outside the commonly acknowledged framework of volunteering. The study aims to add a cultural dimension to the discussions about volunteer effort and incorporate a more inclusive approach and diverse voices to the development of appropriate policies and supports for volunteer effort in South Australia.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.unisa.edu.au/hawkeinstitute/sprg/documents/Volunteering.pdf

Title Keywords

37. Facilitator Guide to Encourage Newcomer Keywords: Barriers, Recruitment, Tip/Tool

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Voluntarism (CDN)

Author Publication Date

OCASI 2008

Description

The purpose of this Guide is to provide staff and volunteers who work with newcomers with a practical and easy to use resource to assist them to introduce newcomers to opportunities to become engaged in civic and community participation through voluntarism. The Guide provides:

• the staff or volunteer who is facilitating this work with background information on the role of community engagement and civic participation as well as rights, freedoms and responsibilities

• tips for how to usefully approach these topics with newcomers, with a section on common barriers that newcomers face

• the continuum of involvement or levels of participation that volunteering offers by drawing on practical examples provided by Community Partners who contributed to the project

• the mutual benefits of civic participation and voluntarism for newcomers and provides some further reading and resources

There is a detailed agenda for a three hour workshop that could be delivered for a group of interested newcomers. This is accompanied by handouts and a power point presentation.

How to Access this Resource

http://atwork.settlement.org/downloads/atwork/Facilitator_Guide_Encourage_Newcomer_Voluntarism.pdf

Title Keywords

38. Finding Paid and Volunteer Work in the Environment (CDN)

Keywords: Recruitment

Author Publication Date

Partnership between Toronto Region Conservation and OCASI

Accessed on 23 May 08

Description

This manual is intended to give an introduction to the Environmental Volunteer Network (EVN) for New Canadians seeking volunteer or paid work in the environment in the Greater Toronto Area.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.trca.on.ca/Website/TRCA/Website.nsf/ Webpage/trca__events__volunteer__volunteers__volunteers?OpenDocument&Language=EN and click on “Finding Paid Work in the Environment.”

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Title Keywords

39. Finding Their Voice: Civic Engagement among Aboriginal and New Canadians (CDN)

Keywords: Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Centre for Research and Information on Canada 2005

Description

Encouraging the next generation of Canadians to take on leadership roles in this country is a challenge for decision-makers who eventually must “pass the torch”. However, the special experiences and values of Aboriginal and new Canadians mean that different methods of engagement must be found. As the faces of our leaders change, they will reflect the growing presence of new and Aboriginal Canadians. Canada’s ability to encourage Canadians of increasingly varied backgrounds to take an active role in shaping civil society will be a determining factor in the country’s future success.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.nald.ca/fulltext/cric/eng/july05.pdf

Title Keywords

40. From Barriers to Bridges – Involving a Broader Range of Volunteers

Keywords: Barriers, Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Volunteering England Accessed on 23 May 08

Description

This publication covers:

• Why don’t more people volunteer? • barriers to volunteering • why involve a broader range of volunteers? • where to promote volunteering • who to reach or target in your recruitment • tips for keeping your volunteers • ideas for adapting roles for volunteers

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteering.org.uk/Resources/goodpracticebank/ Core+Themes/equalopportunitiesdiversity/diversity-overview.htm

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Title Keywords

41. From Charity to Community Building – Volunteer Service in Hong Kong, China

Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

Flora Chung Accessed on 23 May 08

Description

This report includes a brief revisit of volunteerism in the early days, an analysis of volunteering environmental trends, a discussion on the major challenges and opportunities of promoting volunteering in Hong Kong today. It shows how volunteerism has enriched the life of people and contributed to the vision of community building in recent decades.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.iave.org/ResourceView.asp?resourceID=159

Title Keywords

42. Get it Right from the Start: Volunteer Policies – the Key to Diverse Volunteer Involvement

Keywords: Barriers, Policy and Procedures, Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

The National Centre for Volunteering 2002

Description

In March 2000 the British Prime Minister set the voluntary sector in Britain a challenge to achieve “a really diverse involvement of people with their organizations – a diversity that reflects the nation we live in.” This booklet helps organizations consider why and how they might extend their reach to potential volunteers, and how to overcome the barriers that are stopping them from volunteering. It also suggests how to support volunteers once they are in place and ways of recognizing and rewarding their contribution to an organization. Includes diversity policies

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteering.org.uk/NR/rdonlyres/168065AA-7690-4AC7-96FB-97E539242B8C/0/PoliciesBooklet.pdf

Title Keywords

43. Giving and Volunteering of New Canadians, The (CDN)

Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Research

Author Publication Date

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Canadian Centre for Philanthropy (now Imagine Canada)

2000

Description

Fact sheet of information about the giving and volunteering of New Canadians as reported in the 1997 National Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.givingandvolunteering.ca/pdf/n-f12-ca.pdf

Title Keywords

44. GoldStar Website Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

GoldStar Accessed on 23 May 08

Description

The GoldStar Exemplar Programme is a national initiative designed to encourage and enable voluntary organizations and projects throughout England to realize the potential of volunteers, mentors and befrienders from socially excluded or disadvantaged groups. The aim of the program is to promote and share the good practices used in engaging people from these groups and giving them the opportunity to enrich their own and other peoples’ lives. In this website you’ll find case studies and a toolkit with a growing list of good practices that range from simple ideas to whole codes of practice.

How to Access this Resource

Website: http://www.goldstar.org.uk/index.html Handbook: http://www.goldstar.org.uk/downloads/GoodPracticeHandbook.pdf

Title Keywords

45. Hispanic American Volunteering Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Research

Author Publication Date

Josué López and R. Dale Safrit 2001

Description

This article discusses a qualitative study that identified the attitudes, motivations, and barriers of Hispanic Americans in Cleveland, Ohio toward volunteerism. Six themes were identified:

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• influence of family and fiends • importance of volunteering to benefit youth • importance of church and religious beliefs • volunteering as a requirement • connections between volunteerism and the community • personal satisfaction and growth.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.joe.org/joe/2001december/ent.html#rb2

Title Keywords

46. Hot Topic: In from the CALD! Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Peter Heyworth and Andy Fryar 2004

Description

A “Hot Topic” editorial on about creating program environments that are more inviting to people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.ozvpm.com/pasthottopics/august04.php

Title Keywords

47. Immigrant and Visible Minority Women in the Non-Profit Sector as Volunteers and Paid Workers (CDN)

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

Joan Ryan 2004

Description

This project was initiated by a small group of immigrant and visible minority women who wanted to document the nature and diversity of the workplace experience for volunteers and paid workers in the non-profit sector. The goal of this research project was to document the experiences of immigrant and visible minority women in the non-profit sector in Calgary, Alberta, Canada as a pilot study. Sixty-two interviews were conducted with paid and volunteer workers in the sector and fifteen interviews were done with Executive Directors of non-profit agencies. Two hundred and fifty questionnaires were sent to a random selection of agencies to distribute to staff and volunteers.

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How to Access this Resource

http://www.ucalgary.ca/gender/files/Women%20in%20nonprofit.pdf

Title Keywords

48. Immigrant Women as Volunteers: Benefits for Charitable and Nonprofit Organizations

Keywords: Barriers, Recruitment, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Fay Fletcher, Blythe Campbell, Jeneane Fast 2007

Description

Every year, over 100,000 women immigrate to Canada. This fact sheet discusses the benefits of involving immigrant women in your organization and how you can recruit and retain immigrant women as volunteers.

How to Access this Resource

http://nonprofitscan.imaginecanada.ca/files/kdc-cdc/fs_benefits_changing_together_2007.pdf

Title Keywords

49. Immigrant Women…Why Volunteer? (CDN) Keywords: Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Fay Fletcher, Blythe Campbell, Jeneane Fast. 2007

Description

A quick fact sheet that promotes and explains the idea of volunteerism to immigrant women.

How to Access this Resource

http://nonprofitscan.imaginecanada.ca/files/kdc-cdc/fs_immigrantwomenwhyvolunteer_changingtogether2007.pdf

Title Keywords

50. INVOLVE Project Keywords: Barriers, Policy and Procedures, Support

Author Publication Date

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European Volunteer Centre 2006

Description

The INVOLVE project was set up to explore good practice and innovative solutions to the question of the “social integration” and “active participation” of third country nationals in the so-called host society – focusing on volunteering as an indicator and instrument of integration.

• The overall objective of the first seminar was to identify barriers to integration and volunteering of third country nationals and to formulate criteria for good practice to overcome these barriers.

• The objectives of the second INVOLVE seminar were the presentation of good practice examples of projects that foster migrant volunteering and the evaluation of their potential transferability to other national and regional contexts.

• Based on the identified barriers and good practices towards a better integration of third country nationals through volunteering, the participants of the third seminar focused their discussions on formulating recommendations for policy makers and practitioners from the volunteering sector.

How to Access this Resource

To read seminar reports: http://www.involve-europe.eu/seminars.html To read final report: http://www.involve-europe.eu/pdf/INVOLVEreportEN.pdf

Title Keywords

51. Involving Volunteers from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds – Take a Closer Look

Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Recruitment

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Australia 2006

Description

Key issues managers of volunteers and not-for-profit organizations need to be aware of when involving volunteers from diverse cultural backgrounds.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/L6PPM254AK/CALD_SubjectGuide_final.pdf

Title Keywords

52. Involving Volunteers from Underrepresented Groups

Keywords: Barriers, Research, Support

Author Publication Date

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National Centre for Volunteering 1996

Description

The National Centre for Volunteering undertook a major study looking at the strategies adopted by organizations that had succeeded in involving volunteers from one of five groups traditionally underrepresented in formal volunteering: younger people, older people, unemployed people, disabled people and people from black and minority ethnic communities. The aims of the study were to examine why people from each of the groups were not volunteering to a greater extent and to offer practical recommendations on how volunteering could be made more attractive and accessible to them.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/sp105.asp

Title Keywords

53. Making Connections: Social and Civic Engagement among Canadian Immigrants (CDN)

Keywords: Barriers, Research

Author Publication Date

Katherine Scott, Kevin Selbee and Paul Reed for the Canadian Council on Social Development

2006

Description

This report paints a picture of how new Canadians are participating in their communities as volunteers, donors and informal caregivers. It also looks at their interest in news and current affairs and their participation in groups, organizations and clubs. This publication from the Canadian Council on Social Development provides important information for governments at all levels and organizations playing key roles in creating a more inclusive society.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.ccsd.ca/pubs/2006/makingconnections/

Title Keywords

54. Making Everyone Feel at Home – Parts 1 & 2 Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture

Author Publication Date

Adam May 2005

Description

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A report by Justin Davis Smith entitled Volunteering in UK Hospices: Looking To The Future (reported in the June issue of Volunteering Magazine) highlighted the need for hospices to diversify their volunteer base. In the light of this report, Help The Hospices (the national charity for the hospice movement) ran a workshop on diversity on October 27

th 2004. This article is based on Adam May’s presentation at that

event.

How to Access this Resource

Part 1: http://www.volunteering.org.uk/Resources/goodpracticebank/Core+Themes/equalopportunitiesdiversity/ makingeveryonefeelathome-part1.htm Part 2: http://www.volunteering.org.uk/Resources/goodpracticebank/Core+Themes/equalopportunitiesdiversity/ makingeveryonefeelathome-part2.htm

Title Keywords

55. Meaning of “Volunteering” to New Canadians in Ottawa: Implications for Managers of Volunteer Resources, The (CDN)

Keywords: Perceptions

Author Publication Date

Rachel Stoparczyk for Volunteer Ottawa 2005

Description

In early 2005, Volunteer Ottawa conducted a study to examine the meaning of “volunteering” amongst adults who had immigrated to Canada within the last ten years. Sixty-five New Canadians living in Ottawa participated in the study through surveys, focus groups and interviews. Report includes survey findings plus the implications for managers of volunteer resources.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteerottawa.ca/vo-clean/index.php?/eng/resources/organization

Title Keywords

56. Migrant and Ethnic Minority Volunteering (MEM-VOL)

Keywords: Research, Support

Author Publication Date

Susanne Huth and Jürgen Schumacher (authors of final report); country reports written by collaborating organizations

2003

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Description

Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom took part in the Migrant and Ethnic Minority Volunteering Project. The objectives of the first phase are:

• brief outline of the social situation of migrants and ethnic minorities in each country • compiling major findings of research concerning volunteering of migrants and ethnic minorities • identifying key actors and local, regional and national political programmes to facilitate

volunteering of migrants and ethnic minorities • identifying and description of some examples of good practice (3-5 in each country) • identifying objectives for phase 2 and application • building up a multi-sectoral partnership in each country that consists of NGOs and local, regional

and federal authorities

How to Access this Resource

Phase 1 reports: http://www.mem-volunteering.net/index1.html

Title Keywords

57. Multicultural Volunteer Programs: A Self-Assessment Tool (CDN)

Keywords: Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Volunteer Vancouver 1994

Description

This guide provides a framework for agencies who wish to add and assess a multicultural component to their volunteer program, or to assess the effectiveness of an existing multicultural volunteer program. It will also help the agency determine what information or changes are needed to effectively serve the community or area it serves from a multicultural perspective.

How to Access this Resource

Access through the “Advancing Cultural Diversity in Volunteer Management” project’s online inventory (www.culturaldiversityandvolunteers.ca).

Title Keywords

58. National Survey of Australian Volunteers from Diverse Cultural and Linguistic Backgrounds

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

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Volunteering Australia and the Australian Multicultural Foundation

2007

Description

This research (undertaken in 2004-2005) is both quantitative and qualitative in scope. It explores the volunteering experience of people from 11 different ethnic or language groups. Around 1000 community organizations and over 700 individual volunteers responded to the research surveys.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/BRTVP4DHB8/ CALD%20National%20Survey%20final%20report%20with%20cover.pdf

Title Keywords

59. New Canadians as Volunteers: Experiencing Canada and Community (CDN)

Keywords: Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Louise Chatterton Luchuk for CharityVillage.com 2003

Description

A feature story looking at how some organizations are successfully recruiting and supporting New Canadians as volunteers.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.charityvillage.com/cv/archive/acov/acov03/acov0309.html

Title Keywords

60. New Canadian’s First Decade of Volunteering, A (CDN)

Keywords: Barriers, Organizational Culture, Recruitment, Research, Support

Author Publication Date

Pillar Nonprofit Network 2004

Description

Pillar Nonprofit Network surveyed organizations in London, ON to see how they have incorporated New Canadians into their volunteer base. At the same time, they surveyed New Canadians to find out what they need from organizations. From this information, the Pillar study presents strategies for recruiting new Canadian volunteers (meaning immigrants to Canada within the last ten years).

How to Access this Resource

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http://www.pillarnonprofit.ca/documents/FinalReportNewCanadians.pdf

Title Keywords

61. Part of Society: Refugees and Asylum Seekers Volunteering in the UK, A

Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Support, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Ruth Wilson and Hannah Lewis 2006

Description

Based on case studies of ten organizations across the UK that are all outside the refugee sector, and that are all successfully involving refugees and asylum seekers as volunteers, this report is for policy makers, volunteer managers and others wanting to encourage and develop diversity in volunteering.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.tandem-uk.com/APartofSociety.pdf

Title Keywords

62. Participation in the Voluntary Sector – Response to Denise Helly workshop (CDN)

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

Workshop participants at the Second National Metropolis Conference (Immigrants and Civic Participation: Contemporary Policy and Research Issues) – Comments directly related to Denise Helly’s paper (Cross-reference Inventory entry #90)

1997

Description

Comments directly related to Denise Helly’s paper:

• Research gaps indicated in Denise’s paper • Definition and methodology considerations • Definition of problems • Methodological problems • The impacts of socio-political groups and organizations on social participation • Respecting the views of minority groups in research on social participation • Participation, and according to whose agenda? • The importance of “race” • Suggestion: overcome the dichotomy of “us” and “them” • Beyond “integration process” and “cultural community”

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• The “culture”/ethnicity of the host society • Symbolic recognition and full participation in the host society

How to Access this Resource

http://canada.metropolis.net/events/civic/workshop3.html

Title Keywords

63. Perceptions, Attitudes, and Motivations of New Canadians Regarding Volunteerism: Research Report (CDN)

Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Perceptions, Recruitment, Research

Author Publication Date

Nicole Chiasson and Claudia Morel for Imagine Canada

2007

Description

The research objectives were to identify:

• the factors that encourage or inhibit volunteering among New Canadians; and • the characteristics of New Canadians who are likely to engage in volunteering activities

This report provides an overview of the perceptions, attitudes and motivations of New Canadians regarding volunteerism.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.nonprofitscan…ttitudes_mar19_2007.pdf

Title Keywords

64. Practical Guide to Involving Volunteers from Diverse Cultural and Language (CALD) Backgrounds in Your Organisation

Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Australia 2007

Description

The Practical Guide offers not-for-profit organizations with strategies to help with recruiting and involving volunteers from a wide range of cultural backgrounds. It is made up of five modules, two of which deal with specific demographics: women from CALD backgrounds and young Muslim Australians.

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How to Access this Resource

Guide: http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/YLZD36C2ZZ/VA_CALD%20Practical%20Guide_FA.pdf Information Sheet: http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/JMEGYF6XFG/CALDInfosheet.pdf

Title Keywords

65. Questioning Volunteer Management (CDN) Keywords: Diversity promotion, Support

Author Publication Date

Jennifer Woodill 2007

Description

While volunteerism has been recognized as a powerful tool for civic engagement and community development in the big picture theoretical discussions, this discussion has not been translated into how volunteer management is practiced on the ground. Under the increasing pressure to professionalize volunteer management, there has been very little to no critical reflection on practice, and how the endorsed “best practices” play a role in limiting opportunities for citizen engagement and social inclusion. This discussion paper is Woodill’s attempt at challenging traditional volunteer management practices and suggesting possible new and creative ways of working with volunteers from a social inclusion perspective.

How to Access this Resource

http://atwork.settlement.org/downloads/atwork/ Questioning_Volunteer_Management_Discussion_Paper_Nov07.pdf

Title Keywords

66. Reaching Out to Spanish-Speaking Volunteers: A Guide to More Inclusive Community Building

Keywords: Profile, Perceptions, Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Points of Light Foundation unknown

Description

This Guide:

• highlights how volunteers who only speak Spanish think about volunteering differently • provides suggestions for how to reach this pool of potential volunteers • provides step-by-step instructions for how to prepare for engaging Spanish speaking volunteers

in your programming

How to Access this Resource

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Requires free log-in: http://www.jjhill.org/pol/index.cfm?action=main.individual&lngID=2205

Title Keywords

67. Recipe for Diversity Success Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Support

Author Publication Date

Adam May and Tim Duckmanton 2005

Description

Despite best efforts in promoting diversity, the volunteering demographic has changed very little in the UK over the years. Formal volunteering remains a largely white, middle class activity. Training consultant Adam May identifies the ingredients of promoting diversity and sets out a recipe for widening participation. Tim Duckmanton, Volunteer Officer at The Wildlife Trusts, provides some practical examples for the organization’s ‘Unlocking Potential’ Project.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteering.org.uk/Resources/goodpracticebank/ Core+Themes/equalopportunitiesdiversity/arecipefordiversitysuccess.htm

Title Keywords

68. Recruiting and Supporting Latino Volunteers Keywords: Profile, Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Beverly H. Bobbs double check against other article written by her in inventory

2000

Description

This publication was written to help volunteer recruiters in the United States to better understand the characteristics of the Latin community that impact volunteering and to suggest strategies and steps for successfully recruiting and supporting Latino volunteers.

How to Access this Resource

http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pdf/pnw/pnw536.pdf

Title Keywords

69. Recruiting Diverse Seniors as Tutors Keywords: Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

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unknown 1999

Description

This publication highlights how the Minneapolis Seniors for Schools project recruits and retains a diverse team of seniors to serve as volunteer tutors in the city’s ethnically-diverse communities and describes the positive impact they have on children’s reading skills and understanding of other cultures. From the article “Diversity Opens Doors to Learning: Minneapolis Seniors for Schools,” in the Spring 1999 newsletter, The Tutor.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.nationalserviceresources.org/epicenter/practices/index.php?ep_action=view&ep_id=337

Title Keywords

70. Recruiting Diverse Volunteers Keywords: Recruitment

Author Publication Date

unknown 1998

Description

A diverse volunteer base can open up a larger pool of potential volunteers and donors and contribute to a more comfortable experience for the community benefiting from service. This practice suggests identifying aspects of diversity (e.g., ethnicity, socio-economic background, disability) that are relevant in the community and actively recruiting diverse volunteers by developing partnerships with community leaders and by involving organizational members from the target groups. Excerpted from AmeriCorps*VISTA Source, Winter 1998.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.nationalserviceresources.org/epicenter/practices/index.php?ep_action=view&ep_id=341

Title Keywords

71. Recruiting Diverse Volunteers Keywords: Recruitment

Author Publication Date

Lisa Hinley 1998

Description

This article discusses the importance of developing diversity among volunteers and provides advice for the successful recruitment of minorities.

How to Access this Resource

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http://www.michigan.gov/documents/Recruiting_diverse_volunteers_60075_7.doc

Title Keywords

72. Recruitment and Retention of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Volunteers in HACC Services

Keywords: Barriers, Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Prepared by Clare Keating for the Eastern Volunteer Recruitment Project

2006

Description

This report documents the process and outcomes of a 12 month “Recruitment and Retention of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Volunteers in Home and Community Care (HACC) Services” project. The aim of the project was to identify the barriers to recruitment and retention of CALD volunteers in HACC services and to pilot solutions so as to create a pool of volunteers that better reflects the client base.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.evrp.org.au/documents/docs/EVRP_CALD_HACC_VOL_report.pdf

Title Keywords

73. Refugee Women – from Volunteers to Employees: a Research Project on Paid and Unpaid Work in the Voluntary Sector and Volunteering as a Pathway into Employment

Keywords: Barriers, Policy and Procedures, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Working Lives Research Institute and the Refugee Assessment and Guidance Unit, London Metropolitan University

2005

Description

This document reports the research findings, including:

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• barriers faced by refugee women in making the transition from voluntary to paid work and the resources used to overcome them

• good practices to voluntary sector organizations for training and assessing the skills of refugee women as volunteers

• good practices for voluntary organizations in the recruitment of refugee women into paid employment and for their career progression

• recommendations for the inclusion of refugee concerns into equal opportunities policies

How to Access this Resource

http://www.workinglives.org/volunteers.html

Title Keywords

74. Research about Muslim Youth’s Experiences of and Attitudes towards Volunteering

Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Perceptions, Profile, Research, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Prepared for Volunteering Australia and the Australian Multicultural Foundation by Orima Research

2007

Description

This research looks at the experiences and attitudes to volunteering of young Muslim men and women in Lakemba (Sydney), Melbourne and Shepparton (Vic).

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/E9XPPN6Z1D/ FINAL%20Report%20%20with%20imprint%20page%20&%20cover.pdf

Title Keywords

75. Research Report: Connecting Volunteers with Community (CDN)

Keywords: Recruitment, Research, Support

Author Publication Date

Wendy Barbulak for Volunteer Victoria 2003

Description

This research project explores best approaches for reaching out to isolated populations, as well as strategies for successfully engaging and retaining them in volunteer activities.

How to Access this Resource

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http://www.volunteervictoria.bc.ca/_pdfs/news_vihareport.pdf

Title Keywords

76. Review of Volunteerism in Peel (CDN) Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

United Way of Peel Region 2007

Description

With the support of an advisory committee made up of representatives of community agencies, funders, and managers of volunteer programs, United Way of Peel Region initiated a review of volunteerism in Peel in November 2006. This publication outlines the results of focus groups and research and includes a vision for a centralized organization providing concentrated support for volunteers and volunteerism in Peel, a culturally diverse region.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.unitedwaypeel.org/pics/07_materials/review_of_volunteerism_in_peel.pdf

Title Keywords

77. Role of Ethnic Congregations in Volunteering: A Research Report, The (CDN)

Keywords: Perceptions, Research

Author Publication Date

Femida Handy, Leona Anderson and Lisa Diniz for Imagine Canada

2005

Description

This report explores how religious congregations help immigrants integrate into Canadian society. It focuses on those who volunteer in their congregations, especially recent immigrants and examines whether such volunteer activity allows immigrants to build and maintain social connections that help them adjust to living and working in Canada.

How to Access this Resource

Full report: http://www.kdc-cdc.ca/attachments/york_report.pdf Fact sheet: http://nonprofitscan.imaginecanada.ca/files/kdc-cdc/fs_handy_congregations_eng.pdf

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Title Keywords

78. Seeking ‘Canadian Experience’: The Informal Learning of New Immigrants as Volunteer Workers (CDN)

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

Bonnie Slade, Yang Luo and Daniel Schugurensky 2005

Description

This study explored what was learned through the volunteer placements, how that learning was acquired and what impact the learning had on their ability to find paid employment appropriate to their education and work experience. Particular attention was paid to issues of deskilling, upskilling and reskilling.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.oise.utoronto.ca/CASAE/cnf2005/2005onlineProceedings/CAS2005Pro-Slade2-Luo-Schug.pdf

Title Keywords

80. Sharing Holiday Traditions and Diversity at an In-Service Training

Keywords: Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Katy Allen 2002

Description

The winter holidays can bring the issue of diversity to the forefront, since neither volunteers nor those

Title Keywords

79. Settlement.Org website (CDN) Keywords: Support

Author Publication Date

OCASI Accessed on 26 May 2008

Description

Geared to Newcomers to Canada, this webpage explains what volunteerism is about and includes a link to fact sheets in different languages.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.settlement.org/site/EM/volunteering.asp

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served necessarily celebrate in the same ways. This effective practice shares an activity, adapted from a CHP International diversity and human relations exercise, that will encourage volunteers to reflect on their own traditions and examine, with awareness and sensitivity, the traditions of others.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.nationalserviceresources.org/epicenter/practices/index.php?ep_action=view&ep_id=1017

Title Keywords

81. Strategy for Involving Young Black and Minority Ethnic Volunteers

Keywords: Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Lianne Parrett, Vicky Remmie and Zahrah Awaleh 2006

Description

This volunteer involvement strategy targets black and minority ethnic (BME) young people (aged 15-24), including refugees and asylum seekers. It also sets out a framework for ensuring that young volunteers are well supported in high quality volunteering activities.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.oneworldfoundation.co.uk/Strategy%20for%20Involving%20Young%20BME%20Volunteers.doc

Title Keywords

82. Stronger Together: Recruiting and Working with Ethnocultural Volunteers (CDN)

Keywords: Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Central Volunteer Bureau of Ottawa-Carleton 1990

Description

This manual was written in response to requests from voluntary organizations for information about how to make their programs attractive and accessible to ethnic minority volunteers. The content was developed through a series of workshops with managers of volunteers from both mainstream and ethnic organizations. Advice was sought from organizations that were successful in recruiting and maintaining ethnic minority volunteers, as well as those who had experienced difficulties keeping new volunteers.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.nald.ca/fulltext/heritage/ComPartnE/Strongr1.htm

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Title Keywords

83. Subject Guide: Involving Volunteers from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds

Keywords: Policy and Procedures, Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Australia 2007

Description

Aimed primarily at managers of volunteers and not-for-profit organizations, this guide contains online resources to help build knowledge about involving people from CALD backgrounds in volunteering programs and improve volunteering policies and practices.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/html/s02_article/ article_view.asp?id=2410&nav_cat_id=313&nav_top_id=57

Title Keywords

84. Submission in Response to the Department for Victorian Communities Discussion Paper: Patterns of Volunteering

Keywords: Barriers, Research

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Australia 2005

Description

A response to the Department for Victorian Communities’ discussion paper, this submission provides an overview of Volunteering Australia’s experience of the patterns of volunteering in culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities and the motivations of CALD volunteers. The submission also details some of the barriers affecting volunteering in CALD communities and strategies to overcome these barriers.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/YQ2CCT9U2E/DVCEmergingCommunitiessubmission.pdf

Title Keywords

85. Supporting Volunteering Activities in Australian Muslim Communities, Particularly Youth

Keywords: Perceptions, Profile, Recruitment, Research

Author Publication Date

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Prepared for Volunteering Australia and the Australian Multicultural Foundation by Dakhylina Madkhul

2007

Description

While there is growing research concerning young people and volunteerism, there is little, if any, on Muslim Australians specifically. This review paper aims to explore the issues affecting Muslims as volunteers in light of the key findings of the Australian Multicultural Foundation and Volunteering Australia’s 2005 National Survey of Australian Volunteers from Diverse Cultural and Linguistic Backgrounds.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/8FF8XEMEEG/AMF%20Muslim%20Youth%20Volunteer-final%20with%20cover.pdf

Title Keywords

86. Targeted Recruitment of Black & Minority Ethnic Volunteers

Keywords: Recruitment, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Camden Volunteer Bureau Accessed on 26 May 08

Description

A quick fact sheet with suggestions for recruiting black and minority ethnic volunteers.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.camdenvb.org.uk/downloads/BMEvols7.doc

Title Keywords

87. Tools for Improving Your Board’s Diversity Keywords: Board

Author Publication Date

Mark Fox in Nonprofit World vol. v. 25, n. 5 (September-October 2007) p. 8-11

2007

Description

This article provides tools to check an organization’s progress and improve their board diversity.

How to Access this Resource

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http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa5384/is_200709/ai_n21296065/pg_1

Title Keywords

88. Training Manual: Recruiting and Supporting Volunteers from Diverse Cultural and Language Backgrounds

Keywords: Organizational Culture, Recruitment, Support

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Australia 2007

Description

The training manual is designed to enable trainers to deliver customized training to managers and others within volunteer-involving organizations which will help them to:

• lay the groundwork for recruiting new volunteers from diverse language and cultural backgrounds • develop an inclusive organizational culture and culturally sensitive practices • successfully recruit and retain volunteers from culturally diverse backgrounds

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/files/362D8AEPOW/VA_CALD%20Training%20Manual_final.pdf

Title Keywords

89. Translated Resources for Volunteering Keywords: Recruitment, Support, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

The Volunteer Centre Sheffield Refugee and Asylum Seeker Project

Accessed 26 May 08

Description

The Volunteer Centre Sheffield Refugee and Asylum Seeker Project has produced the following translated information:

• general guides explaining what volunteering is • letters to help organizations contact volunteers • monitoring resources such as feedback forms, confidentiality statements and data protection

forms Available in: English, Amharic, Arabic, Farsi, French, Kurdish (Sorani), Somali, Tigrinya and Urdu.

How to Access this Resource

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http://www.vas.org.uk/refugee_asylum_project.htm

Title Keywords

90. Understanding Canadian Volunteers: Using the National Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating to Build your Volunteer Program (CDN)

Keywords: Perceptions, Recruitment, Research, Support

Author Publication Date

Norah McClintock for Canadian Centre for Philanthropy (now Imagine Canada)

2004

Description

Uses information from the 2000 National Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating and includes a section on recruitment of New Canadians as volunteers.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.givingandvolunteering.ca/pdf/reports/Understanding_Volunteers.pdf

Title Keywords

91. Untapped Resources: The New Canadian Volunteer (CDN)

Keywords: Support, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Volunteer Ottawa Accessed on 26 May 08

Description

A self-assessment tool for program managers developed by Volunteer Ottawa to help organizations identify opportunities for volunteers with limited English/French skills

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteerottawa.ca/vo-clean/index.php?/eng/resources/organization

Title Keywords

92. Valuing Volunteers: The Value of Volunteering for Refugees and Asylum Seekers

Keywords: Recruitment, Research, Support

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Author Publication Date

Patricia Dooner 2005

Description

Refugees and asylum seekers are among the more socially excluded and vulnerable people in British society. Until April 2000, there were restrictions limiting asylum seekers’ ability to volunteer. However, the government now endorses volunteering because it can help to defuse tension within communities and it can be central to their resettlement. This research aims to explore the value of volunteering for refugees and asylum seekers and the acquisition of skills and soft skills through voluntary work.

How to Access this Resource

www.wcva.org.uk/images_client/volunteering/Value%20of%20Volunteering%20for%20Refugees%20and%20Asylum%20Seekers.doc

Title Keywords

93. Voluntary and Social Participation by People of Immigrant Origin: Overview of Canadian Research (CDN)

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

Denise Helly (INRS Culture) 1997

Description

This document presents an overview of current research trends in the field of social participation in general in order to shed light on immigrants’ volunteer work and their involvement in recreational associations. (Cross-reference Inventory entry # 56)

How to Access this Resource

http://canada.metropolis.net/events/civic/dhelly_e.html

Title Keywords

94. Volunteering among Ethnocultural Seniors Who Are New to Canada: Supporting and Celebrating a Valuable Contribution (CDN)

Keywords: Barriers, Profile, Recruitment, Research, Support

Author Publication Date

Rick Juliusson for the 411 Seniors Centre Society 2005

Description

Although many seniors of diverse cultural backgrounds donate their time and skills in various ways, they may not be engaged in the type of formal volunteering that is familiar to mainstream Canadian

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organizations. The 411 Seniors Centre, in partnership with the Vancouver Coastal Health Authority Multicultural Health Education Program, conducted research in order to find out how volunteerism is understood and practiced by ethnocultural seniors who are new to Canada and how this knowledge can be applied in designing volunteer programs that use the strengths of both the mainstream volunteer management model and the experiences in ethnocultural communities.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteer.ca/volunteer/pdf/CSCV-VAES.pdf

Title Keywords

95. Volunteering among Groups Deemed at Risk of Social Exclusion

Keywords: Barriers, Motivations, Research

Author Publication Date

Institute for Volunteering Research 2007

Description

This research bulletin is one of a series published by the Institute for Volunteering Research to explore and disseminate aspects of Helping Out: a national survey of volunteering and charitable giving (2007) in Britain. This report focuses on volunteering amongst individuals who belong to certain Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) groups, have a disability or limiting, long-term illness (LLI), or have no formal qualifications were seen as at particular risk of social exclusion.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.ivr.org.uk/NR/rdonlyres/62F10E2D-E641-4C46-8287-46C23547F8EA/0/Social_Exclusion08.pdf

Title Keywords

96. Volunteering and Ethnic Communities: A Dialogue with Ethnic Communities

Keywords: Barriers

Author Publication Date

The Volunteering and Ethnic Communities Project 2004

Description

The Volunteering and Ethnic Communities Project was undertaken by the New Zealand Federation of Ethnic Councils. The objectives of this project were to:

• identify barriers to ethnic people’s participation in mainstream and ethnic community volunteering • seek ways to overcome these barriers

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• make recommendations for the future

How to Access this Resource

http://www.ocvs.govt.nz/documents/reports/volunteering-and-ethnic-communities.pdf

Title Keywords

97. Volunteering at Leadership Levels: A Resource for Prospective and Current Board Members (CDN)

Keywords: Board

Author Publication Date

Pillar Nonprofit Network 2008

Description

This toolkit is for individuals from ethno-racial communities who are interested in becoming members of a board of directors (or other leadership positions) or who currently sit on a board and would like to learn more about board governance issues.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.pillarnonprofit.ca/documents/pillartoolkit_volunteers_04.pdf

Title Keywords

98. Volunteering Fact Sheets Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Ireland Accessed on 26 May 08

Description

Included in these fact sheets are titles specifically related to cultural diversity, including:

• Celebrating Diversity • Inclusive Volunteering • Involving Refugees and Asylum Seekers

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringireland.ie/page.php?id=24 (scroll down to find these resources)

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Title Keywords

99. Volunteering Fact Sheets in 12 different languages

Keywords: Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Ireland VOLT Network Accessed on 26 May 08

Description

Sample fact sheets about Volunteering in Ireland which are available in 12 languages.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringireland.ie/page.php?id=24

Title Keywords

100. Volunteering for All? Exploring the Link between Volunteering and Social Exclusion

Keywords: Barriers, Diversity Promotion, Research

Author Publication Date

Institute for Volunteering Research 2004

Description

This report summarizes the findings of research about volunteering and social exclusion. It looked at what volunteering can do to reduce social exclusion, the challenges faced in making volunteering more inclusive and the steps taken by organizations in overcoming these barriers.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.ivr.org.uk/NR/rdonlyres/3A00B41A-05E4-40A1-9F27-810C9E49A45D/0/summaryreport.pdf

Title Keywords

101. “Volunteering for New Canadians” Pamphlet (CDN)

Keywords: Recruitment, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Pillar Nonprofit Network 2007

Description

Pamphlet describes the role of Pillar Nonprofit Network but also:

• what volunteering is

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• how to get involved • the benefits of volunteering (for the volunteer) • benefits the volunteer provides an organization • examples of volunteer activities • a description of how nonprofits can help New Canadians volunteer • quotations/testimonials from new Canadian volunteers

The brochure can be downloaded in English, Arabic, Spanish and Mandarin.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.pillarnonprofit.ca/resources_and_links/pillar_nonprofit_network_publications/ and click on one of the Pamphlets.

Title Keywords

102. Volunteering In Canada: Practical Findings from Research, 2000 – 2007 (CDN)

Keywords: Research, Support

Author Publication Date

Reg Noble for Imagine Canada 2007

Description

Includes a section on cultural diversity and practical implications for involving culturally diverse volunteers.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.nonprofitscan.ca/Files/kdc-cdc/practicalguide_web.pdf

Title Keywords

103. Volunteering – Pathway to Inclusion (CDN) Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Policy and Procedures, Support Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

OCASI Accessed on 26 May 08

Description

The Ontario Council of Agencies Serving Immigrants (OCASI) project entitled “Promoting Newcomer Integration and Social Inclusion” includes information specific to Volunteering.

How to Access this Resource

http://atwork.settlement.org/inclusion/volunteer/home.asp

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Title Keywords

104. Volunteering Worldwide 2001 Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

Netherlands Institute of Care and Welfare 2001

Description

What are the differences between voluntary work in the United States or France and voluntary work in the Czech Republic? What can voluntary organizations in Western Europe learn from their counterparts in Asia? What examples are there of interesting voluntary projects in Jordan, Zambia or Siberia? And which countries have been successful in getting young people involved in voluntary work? This report examines volunteerism in the following countries:

• Australia • Brazil • Canada • China • Colombia • Czech Republic • Egypt • France • Great Britain and Northern Ireland • Indonesia • Israel • Japan • Jordan • Kenya • Russia • South Africa • South Korea • Spain • The Netherlands • United States • Zambia

How to Access this Resource

http://www.iave.org/resources/Voluntering1.pdf

Title Keywords

105. Volunteering, Diversity, and Inclusion (CDN)

Keywords: Diversity Promotion

Author Publication Date

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Imagine Canada – Knowledge Development Centre Bulletin

2007

Description

The information resources highlighted in this bulletin provide guidelines, practical advice and valuable insights about engaging volunteers with a diverse range of individual, cultural, and ethnic characteristics. These resources address the challenge of how to create communities where differences are valued and everyone is able to contribute to enriching their society and enjoying its benefits.

How to Access this Resource

http://nonprofitscan.imaginecanada.ca/files/kdc-cdc/diversitybulletin_mar5_2007.pdf

Title Keywords

106. Volunteering in Different Languages Keywords: Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Volunteering Ireland Accessed on 27 May 08

Description

Provides a translation of “volunteering” in 35 different languages.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteeringireland.ie/page.php?id=114

Title Keywords

107. Volunteerism in Islam Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

Dr. Ahmad Hussein Sakr 2008

Description

In Islam there is a strong ethic of volunteerism which is described in this article as well as some important rules for Muslims to remember when volunteering.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.youngmuslims.ca/articles/display.asp?ID=62

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Title Keywords

108. Volunteerism in Nepal Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

Bishnu Hari Bhatta 2007

Description

This report presents the historical and contemporary aspects of volunteerism in Nepal.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.ijova.org/PDF/VOL24_NO6/IJOVA_VOL24_NO6_Bhatta.pdf

Title Keywords

109. Volunteerism Worldwide: News, Views and Resources

Keywords: Profile

Author Publication Date

United Nations Volunteers Accessed on 26 May 08

Description

The World Volunteer Web is a program of the United Nations Volunteers (UNV). The World Volunteer Web supports the volunteer community by serving as a global clearinghouse for information and resources linked to volunteerism. From this link you can find news, press releases, events, documents, links or other information resources related to volunteerism in almost 200 countries – including many descriptions of what volunteerism means in an individual country.

How to Access this Resource

http://www.worldvolunteerweb.org/browse/countries.html

Title Keywords

110. Welcoming Multi-Ethnic Volunteers: Top Tips

Keywords: Diversity Promotion, Organizational Culture, Tip/Tool

Author Publication Date

Volunteer Development Agency (Northern Ireland) 2005

Description

Two pages of quick tips.

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How to Access this Resource

http://www.volunteering-ni.org/what_we__do/publications/ (Scroll down to “Checklists” and download “Welcoming Multi-Ethnic Volunteers: Top Tips”)

Title Keywords

111. Youth Volunteering in Canada: Reflections on the Ethnic Dimension

Keywords: Research

Author Publication Date

Fernando Mata, John D. Brodhead and Isabelle Petersen

2000

Description

Using data from the 1997 National Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating, the authors reflect briefly on the ethnic dimension of volunteering while examining the ethnic profiles of young volunteers.

How to Access this Resource

http://canada.metropolis.net/research-policy/cern-pub/ActiveCitizenship/MATA_Presentation.html

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Books

Title

1. A-Z of Volunteering and Asylum, The

Author Publication Date

Ruth Wilson 2003

Description

A practical handbook for people managing volunteers who are, or who work with, refugees or asylum seekers

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www.energizeinc.com/store/1-212-E-1

Title

2. Building Board Diversity

Author Publication Date

Jennifer Rutledge 1994

Description

The purpose of this book is to help your organization re-examine its board composition, to show what a diversified board can contribute and to help organizations see the full range of abilities and expertise that will be needed from the board, not just the signs of "difference."

How to Access this Resource

Purchase used copies: http://www.amazon.com/Building-Board-Diversity-Jennifer-Rutledge/dp/0925299405

Title

3. Kaleidoscopic Organizations: Diversity and Inclusivity: A Framework (CDN)

Author Publication Date

Alok Mukherjee and United Way of York Region 2003

Description

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Developed in consultation with Alok Mukherjee, this is a wonderful framework and toolkit that is designed to assist in enhancing your organizations ability to address issues of diversity. The book deals with diversity and inclusivity in terms of three key areas: Service, Human Resources and Governance, and is intended to assist groups in assessing and developing plans to become more inclusive of the communities they serve.

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www.uwyr.on.ca/community-leadership-resources/

Title

4. Making Diversity Meaningful in the Boardroom

Author Publication Date

Author: Carver, John & Carver, Miriam 1997

Description

This book explores what diversity means in the context of governance and what kind of diversity boards should pursue.

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0787908355/nonprofitgood-20/103-5516741-9914266?dev-t=mason-wrapper%26camp=2025%26link_code=xm2

Title

5. Managing Volunteer Diversity: A Rainbow of Opportunity 1990s Guide to Innovative Volunteer Program Management

Author Publication Date

Sue Vineyard 1992

Description

Discusses the demographic shift in America, and how it is affecting volunteer programs. Also discusses how diversity can enhance productivity by targeting under-utilized human resources, and describes how organizations can create safe and attractive environments for these groups.

How to Access this Resource

Purchased used copies: http://www.amazon.com/Managing-Volunteer-Diversity-Opportunity-Innovative/dp/0911029389/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1211387452&sr=1-7

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Title

6. My Time, My Community, Myself (experiences of volunteering within the black community)

Author Publication Date

Seema Bhasin 1997

Description

The result of a year-long study of fifteen black and ethnic minority organizations. Looks at the context of black volunteering, motivation and successful recruitment strategies. Also sets out recommendations for both black and mainstream organizations.

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www.volunteering.org.uk/Resources/publications/ mytimemycommunitymyselfexperiencesofvolunteeringwithintheblackcommunity.htm

Title

7. Values of Volunteering: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies), The

Author Publication Date

edited by Paul Dekker and Loek Halman 2003

Description

The Values of Volunteering examines volunteering in detail from a civil society perspective, using empirical data garnered from various sources for countries all over the globe. The contributions in this title deal with a broad spectrum of questions, ranging from the diversity, social and cultural determinants and organizational settings of volunteering, to its possible individual, social, and political effects. The Values of Volunteering explains not only the differences and similarities in volunteering between countries and the conditions that may be conducive to or hinder volunteering, it also discusses:

• why people volunteer • how volunteers relate to each other and to the people they want to help • the ideals volunteers wish to promote • the diversity of and developments in volunteering • future trends • the relationships between volunteers and between volunteers and clients and organizations,

and more

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www.amazon.com/Values-Volunteering-Cross-Cultural-Perspectives-Nonprofit/dp/0306478544

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Journal/Subscription-based Resources

Title

1. Achieving Greater Social Inclusion through Volunteering

Author Publication Date

Steve McCurley in e-Volunteerism, Vol. V1, Issue 4, July - Sept 2006

2006

Description

This article examines another positive aspect of volunteering – its ability to assist those who have been excluded from the social, economic and political mainstream. The article provides resources for assisting those who wish to broaden and diversify their volunteer base.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.energizeinc.com/store/91-064-E-1

Title

2. Beyond Representation: Building Diverse Board Leadership Teams

Author Publication Date

Maria Gitin in New Directions for Philanthropic Fundraising

2001

Description

Opportunities and challenges involving identification and cultivation of diverse boards are explored.

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/104543225/abstract

Title

3. Building Board Diversity: A Case Study of the Western Affiliates of Planned Parenthood Federation of America

Author Publication Date

Kathleen Fletcher 1997

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Description

In order to offer best practice guidelines to help other nonprofits improve their cultural diversity, this study examines the diversity-building practices used by the Western Regions of Planned Parenthood Federation of America.

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www.nonprofitresearch.org/publications1526/publications_show.htm?doc_id=15872

Title

4. Celebrating Diversity: Experiences and Perceptions of Volunteering in Indigenous and non-English Speaking Background Communities

Author Publication Date

Lorraine Kerr, Harry Savelsberg, Syd Sparrow and Deidre Temanson in the Australian Journal on Volunteering vol 6(2)

2001

Description

Not available.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/html/ s02_article/article_view.asp?id=1908&nav_cat_id=269&nav_top_id=61

Title

5. Creating a Culturally Competent Volunteer Program

Author Publication Date

Heather T. Cox unknown

Description

The face of volunteerism is changing globally and our field is being challenged to respond in new and innovative ways. How do we create programs that welcome and affirm the variety of experiences our volunteers bring to the table? How do we meet the needs of our organization and mission in the process of change? In this Training Design, we focus on considerations and strategies for building cultural competence within volunteer programs. We provide handouts and activities that encourage and strengthen volunteers’ awareness of their own culture(s), as well as those of their colleagues. This Training Design can be used as a tool for both reflection and action in shaping volunteer programs that are welcoming and attractive to a diverse volunteer pool.

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How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://e-volunteerism.com/quarterly/08jan/08jan-training.php/

Title

6. Diversity: Who Should Sit at Your Table?

Author Publication Date

BoardSource 2003

Description

Explore what diversity means when it comes to board composition. Diversity: Who Should Sit At Your Table?, a Special Edition of Board Member® magazine, shows nonprofits how to recruit and retain a diverse board — and how to make it work for the overall effectiveness of the board. Offering a broad range of perspectives on the meaning of diversity and on new ways to achieve it on nonprofit boards, this special edition also contains interviews with nationally recognized experts and leaders from Girl Scouts-USA, United Way of America, and American Red Cross who reveal strategies that have helped them create diverse and successful boards.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.boardsource.org/Bookstore.asp?Item=153

Title

7. Diversity Continuum

Author Publication Date

Planned Parenthood Federation of America 2001

Description

This is a tool for assessing how an organization ranks when it comes to diversity. This "Diversity Continuum" was developed by the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www.energizeinc.com/store/99-014-E-3

Title

8. Diversity and Volunteerism: Deriving Advantage from Difference

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Author Publication Date

Santiago Rodriquez in the Journal of Volunteer Administration Spring 1997, Vol. XV, no.3

1997

Description

Not available.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.ijova.org/

Title

9. Five Reasons for Nonprofit Organizations to Be Inclusive

Author Publication Date

Samuel N. Gough Jr. in New Directions for Philanthropic Fundraising

2001

Description

People support organizations with which they feel a connection. Nonprofit staff and volunteers need to understand the traditions of giving and sharing of the people whose support they seek.

How to Access this Resource

Purchase: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/104543222/abstract

Title

10. Individualism and Good Works: Cultural Variation in Giving and Volunteering Across the United States

Author Publication Date

Markus Kemmelmeier, Edina E. Jambor, Joyce Letner – University of Nevada in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 37, No. 3, 327-344

2006

Description

Building on previous research by Allik and Realo and Conway, Ryder, Tweed, and Sokol, the present

study investigates whether cultural individualism is related to greater levels of prosocial

behavior toward

strangers. Focusing on regional variations within the United States, the authors found individualism to be

positively related to charitable giving and volunteerism such that both

were more likely to occur in more

individualist states. Differentiating between different types of charitable causes, the authors found

that

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cultural individualism was primarily related to giving to and volunteering for causes that were compatible

with core individualist values, whereas no such relationship was found

for religious causes and

nonreligious cause that did not incorporate values of individualism.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://jcc.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/37/3/327

Title

11. Motivational Differences between Black and White Volunteers

Author Publication Date

Jean Kantambu Latting in Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly Summer 1990

1990

Description

Not available.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://nvs.sagepub.com/

Title

12. Multicultural Volunteering: Reflections on the Salad Bowl Approach

Author Publication Date

Anita Vangelista in the Australian Journal on Volunteering

1999

Description

Not available.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/html/ s02_article/article_view.asp?id=1908&nav_cat_id=269&nav_top_id=61

Title

13. Multi-Faceted Look at Diversity: Why Outreach Is Not Enough, A

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Author Publication Date

Heather Berthoud and Robert D. Greene in the Journal of Volunteer Administration vol 19

2001

Description

Not available.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.ijova.org/

Title

14. Professional Development Model for Ethnoculturally Diverse Volunteer Programs: Components of a Training Program for Understanding and Valuing Diversity, A

Author Publication Date

Diane Fisher in the Journal of Volunteer Administration Winter 1991/92

1992

Description

Not available.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.ijova.org/

Title

15. Race and Formal Volunteering: The Differential Effects of Class and Religion

Author Publication Date

Marc Musick, John Wilson, and William Bynum 2000

Description

In what is both a review of available literature and new research of their own, the authors provide a thorough and useful look at whether and how volunteering by African-Americans differs from volunteering by whites.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.energizeinc.com/store/97-014-E-1

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Title

16. Richness in Diversity (CDN)

Author Publication Date

Norah McClintock 1996

Description

Electronic article

How to Access this Resource

Published in the March 1996 issue of Front & Centre, a publication of the Canadian Centre for Philanthropy (now Imagine Canada). Accessible only to members: www.imaginecanada.ca.

Title

17. Volunteering in a Culturally Diverse Context: Implications for Program Designers and Managers

Author Publication Date

Martin Jay in the Australian Journal on Volunteering 1999

Description

Not available.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.volunteeringaustralia.org/html/s02_article/article_view.asp?id=1908&nav_cat_id=269&nav_top_id=61

Title

18. Who Is That? An Interactive Exercise to Explore Perceptions

Author Publication Date

Nancy Nunez 2005

Description

This training exercise aims to get participants to explore their own perceptions around cultural diversity. Nancy Nuñez, Training Service Manager for Volunteering Ireland, shares an exercise she learned in ‘Anti

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Racism Training for Trainers’ that she usually uses with volunteer coordinators, but which can be done with both paid staff and volunteers of an organisation. Using photographs of real people and discussing participants’ reactions to the, the exercise demonstrates that perceptions are the way we perceive something; a perception is not necessarily right or wrong, but something that is constructed by ourselves and our society.

How to Access this Resource

Subscribe: http://www.energizeinc.com/store/94-061-E-1