output current sensing - nxp semiconductorsthe current sensing can be adjusted according to the...
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NXP SemiconductorsApplication Note
Document Number: AN4834Rev. 3.0, 7/2016
Output current sensingFor the MC12XS6 eXtreme switch device family
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter 2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Chapter 3 Selectable current sensing overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Chapter 4 Device performance without calibration . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Chapter 5 Device performance with calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Chapter 6 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Chapter 7 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1 IntroductionThis application note describes current sense performances for SMARTMOS eXtreme switch devices belonging to the MC12XS6 family.
The application note covers
• the enhanced current sense mode dedicated to low current loads, such as light emitting diodes (LED)
• current sense accuracy• the practical implementation of a calibration procedure to
get optimized results
This document does not address errors linked to MCU and the external resistor connected to the CSNS pin.
© 2016 NXP B.V.
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Scope
2 ScopeThe eXtreme switch MC12XS6 family is the latest achievement in automotive lighting drivers. It consists of a scalable family of devices compatible in software, MCU interface, and footprint. This product family is designed for low-voltage automotive and industrial lighting applications, and is composed of nine devices with various RDS(on) values and number of outputs to best fit various load and applications. All devices of this family are footprint and software compatible.
This application note refers to the enhanced analog feedback provided by the device with its CSNS pin. This output pin of the IC is dedicated for battery voltage, IC's temperature or current sensing.
The family of eXtreme switches include an Advanced Current Sensing mode (ACM) giving an optimized accuracy of the output current from each channel. In this mode, the error amplifier offset contribution to the CSNS error can be eliminated from the measurement result by averaging each of two sequential current sense measurements.
Figure 1. Typical application diagram
Table 1. MC12XS6 family
Part number Type Datasheet OUT1 OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5
MC07XS6517BEK Penta
MC12XS6D1
17 mΩ 17 mΩ 7.0 mΩ 7.0 mΩ 7.0 mΩ
MC17XS6500BEK Penta 17 mΩ 17 mΩ 17 mΩ 17 mΩ 17 mΩ
MC17XS6400EK Quad 17 mΩ 17 mΩ 17 mΩ 17 mΩ NC
MC25XS6300EK Triple
MC12XS6D2
25 mΩ 25 mΩ 25 mΩ NC NC
MC10XS6325EK Triple 25 mΩ NC 10 mΩ 10 mΩ NC
MC10XS6200EK Dual NC NC 10 mΩ 10 mΩ NC
MC10XS6225EK Dual 25 mΩ NC 10 mΩ NC NC
MC40XS6500EK Penta MC12XS6D3 40 mΩ 40 mΩ 40 mΩ 40 mΩ 40 mΩ
MC08XS6421EK Quad MC12XS6D4 21 mΩ 21 mΩ 8.0 mΩ 8.0 mΩ NC
IN4
VCC
SICSB
SORSTBCLKCSNS
LIMPIN1IN2IN3
VBAT
CP
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6GND OUTVBAT
GNDCSNSSmart Power
VCC SOCSB
SCLKSI
RSTB
CLKA/D1
TRG1
A/D2
PORT
PORTPORTPORT
PORT
GND
SCLK
SYNCB
MainMCU
VCCVBAT
GND
5.0 VRegulator
VBAT
VBAT
IN
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Selectable current sensing overview
3 Selectable current sensing overview
3.1 Current sense definitionThe CSNS output pin of the device provides ratio metric feedback of the output current of each channel (multiplexed by the SPI). The maximum current reported by the CSNS pin (1.0 mA) corresponds to the maximum current allowed on the corresponding channel. This maximum current varies along the RDS(on) type and the SPI configuration (full scale range).
Figure 2. Current sense interpretation
The current sensing can be adjusted according to the intended lamp wattage and operation mode. An overcurrent active low signal can be configured for each channel corresponding to the full scale range (FSR) current of the affected channel. There are two bits available on the SPI register to set the correct FSR related to selected application. A default FSR value (OCLO bit = ACM bit = 0) can be divided by two or four, depending on this configuration.
Figure 3 shows FSR (right side) and accuracy (left side) for all RDS(on) values composed by the family vs. the SPI register configuration: overcurrent low (OCLO) and Advanced Current Sensing mode (ACM).
Figure 3. Current sense performances vs. SPI register configuration
As an example, if the 7.0 mΩ output is configured with OCLO = 1 and ACM = 0, then FSR = 11 A. With an output current of 5.5 A, the CSNS pin provides 500 μA.
1.0 mA
0 mA
ICSNS/IOUT = 1.0 mA/(100% FSR) typ.Note: FSR value depends on the SPI setting
ILOAD[mA]
Current Sense (OCLO = 0, ACM = 0)
Current Sense (OCLO = 1, ACM = 0)
Current Sense (OCLO = 1, ACM = 1)
Current Sense (OCLO = 0, ACM = 1)ReducedPrecision
ReducedPrecisionAnalog
Current Sense
7.0 & 8.0 mΩ channel: 55 110 220 5500 11000 22000
10 mΩ channel: 45 90 180 4500 9000 18000
17 & 21 mΩ channel: 27.5 55 110 2750 5500 11000
25 mΩ channel: 24 48 96 2400 4800 9600
40 mΩ channel: 19.5 39 78 1950 3900 7800
1% FSR values vs. selected mode
100% FSR values vs.selected mode
Output current sensing, Rev. 3.0NXP Semiconductors 3
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Selectable current sensing overview
3.2 Current sense performances at low currentThe current sense is unique in the market for its high reliability to diagnose either low or high current with an enhanced accuracy. Table 2 shows the minimum current sense reporting accuracy for both extreme RDS(on) values along the family: MC07XS6517B for 7.0 mΩ and 17 mΩ, and MC40XS6500 for 40 mΩ channel performance.Values displayed are based on the statistical analysis of three different lots for each device with 3-Sigma (these are not the limits from the specification). It shows the default accuracy (No Calibration) as well as with 1 or 2 points calibration. Extracted values come from the configuration OCLO bit = 1 and ACM bit = 0.
ACM mode helps to significantly improve the accuracy at low output current as shown in Table 3.
The following pages show the current sense precision for the power output channels 7.0, 10, 17, 25, and 40 mΩ of the 07XS6517B, 17XS6500B, 17XS6400, 10XS6225, 10XS6200, 10XS6325, 25XS6300, and 40XS6500(1).
Accuracy is displayed for the worst case output of each RDS(on) value. All graphs present the data with: X-axis = Full Scale Range/Y-axis = min/max% error on the value read on the CSNS pin.
Notes1. Device 08XS6421 shares the same performances as the 07XS6517B and is not shown on the following pages.
The data presented are valid within the temperature range -40 °C < TAMB < 125 °C and voltage range 9.0 V < Voltage < 18 VThe following "trumpet curves" represent the following configurations:Current sense precision without calibration:
1. Devices performances in non-ACM configuration and OCLO = 1
2. Devices performances in ACM configuration and OCLO = 1Current sense precision with calibration:
1. Devices performances in ACM and OCLO = 1 - 1 point Offset calibration
2. Devices performances in ACM and OCLO = 1 - 2 points Offset calibration
Table 2. Minimum current sense accuracy in OCLO = 1 (no ACM) for 7.0, 17, and 40 mΩ channels
07XS6517B (OCLO = 1 / ACM = 0) - FSR = 5.5/11A 40XS6500 (OCLO = 1 / ACM = 0) - FSR = 3.9A
% FSRAbsolute Current
Min/Max precision
% FSRAbsolute Current
Min/Max precision
No calibration
1pt offset calibration
2pts calibration
No calibration
1pt offset calibration
2pts calibration
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
OUT1 (17 mΩ) 1% 55.0 mA -42% 59% -40% 50% -40% 50% OUT1 (40 mΩ) 1% 39.0 mA -30% 36% -28% 31% -28% 31%
OUT2 (17 mΩ) 1% 55.0 mA -46% 49% -44% 39% -43% 39% OUT2 (40 mΩ) 1% 39.0 mA -33% 32% -29% 26% -28% 25%
OUT3 (7.0 mΩ) 1% 110.0 mA -62% 66% -57% 56% -57% 56% OUT3 (40 mΩ) 1% 39.0 mA -37% 32% -34% 23% -34% 23%
OUT4 (7.0 mΩ) 1% 110.0 mA -64% 61% -59% 50% -59% 50% OUT4 (40 mΩ) 1% 39.0 mA -41% 32% -38% 23% -38% 22%
OUT5 (7.0 mΩ) 1% 110.0 mA -68% 56% -61% 50% -61% 49% OUT5 (40 mΩ) 1% 39.0 mA -38% 40% -31% 22% -32% 23%
Table 3. Minimum current sense accuracy in OCLO = 1 and ACM mode = 1 for 7.0, 17, and 40mΩ channels
07XS6517B (OCLO = 1 / ACM = 1) - FSR = 2.75/5.5A 40XS6500 (OCLO = 1 / ACM = 1) - FSR = 1.95A
% FSRAbsolute Current
Min/Max precision
% FSRAbsolute Current
Min/Max precision
No calibration
1pt offset calibration
2pts calibration
No calibration
1pt offset calibration
2pts calibration
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
OUT1 (17 mΩ) 1% 27.5 mA -22% 21% -12% 13% -11% 12% OUT1 (40 mΩ) 1% 19.5 mA -20% 11% -9% 9% -8% 8%
OUT2 (17 mΩ) 1% 27.5 mA -20% 22% -11% 13% -10% 13% OUT2 (40 mΩ) 1% 19.5 mA -19% 13% -7% 9% -6% 8%
OUT3 (7.0 mΩ) 1% 55.0 mA -36% 30% -25% 17% -25% 17% OUT3 (40 mΩ) 1% 19.5 mA -15% 16% -9% 9% -8% 9%
OUT4 (7.0 mΩ) 1% 55.0 mA -34% 30% -25% 17% -24% 17% OUT4 (40 mΩ) 1% 19.5 mA -17% 19% -11% 10% -10% 9%
OUT5 (7.0 mΩ) 1% 55.0 mA -44% 24% -27% 18% -26% 18% OUT5 (40 mΩ) 1% 19.5 mA -14% 21% -9% 10% -8% 10%
Output current sensing, Rev. 3.0NXP Semiconductors 4
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Device performance without calibration
4 Device performance without calibration
4.1 Device performances in non-ACM configuration and OCLO = 1
Figure 4. Devices in configuration OCLO bit = 1; ACM bit = 0
1% FSR (Iout= 110 mA)
2 %
5 % 10 % 25 %
100% FSR (Iout = 11 A)
-70%
-50%
-30%
-10%
10%
30%
50%
70%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC07XS6517 Output5 7.0 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 0 (FSR = 11 A)
-60%
-40%
-20%
0%
20%
40%
60%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC17XS6400 Output4 17 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 0 (FSR = 5.5 A)
-70%
-50%
-30%
-10%
10%
30%
50%
70%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC10XS6225 Output3 10 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 0 (FSR = 9.0 A)
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% e
rror
% FSR
MC10XS6225 Output1 25 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 0 (FSR = 4.8 A)
-40%
-20%
0%
20%
40%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC40XS6500 Output5 40 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 0 (FSR = 3.8 A) 3.9 A
Output current sensing, Rev. 3.0NXP Semiconductors 5
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Device performance without calibration
4.2 Device performances in ACM configuration and OCLO = 1
Figure 5. Devices in configuration OCLO bit = 1; ACM bit = 1
-50%
-30%
-10%
10%
30%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% e
rror
% FSR
MC07XS6517B Output5 7.0 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 1 (FSR = 5.5 A)
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% e
rror
% FSR
MC17XS6500B Output5 17 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 1 (FSR = 2.75 A)
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% e
rror
% FSR
MC10XS6325 Output3 10 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 1 (FSR = 4.5 A)
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 A
xis
Titl
e
% FSR
MC10XS6325 Output1 25 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 1 (FSR = 2.4 A)
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC40XS6500 Output3 40 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 1 (FSR = 1.95 A)
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Device performance with calibration
5 Device performance with calibrationThe accuracy of the current sensing depends on the following contributors:
1. Device-to-device variation due to manufacturing
2. Output current vs. selected full scale range
3. Ambient temperature range -40 °C to 125 °C
4. Battery voltage range 9.0 V to 18 V
With a calibration strategy, the precision of current sensing can be improved significantly. It helps to remove the device-to-device effect or the offset error at low output current. Calibration is the process which determines the exact gain and offset values for specific parts. The onboard microcontroller calculates IOUT according to the formula:
IOUT = (ICSNS*GAIN) + OFFSET
Figure 6. Output current sensing
Notes2. FSR value depends on the SPI setting, as described in Section 3,"Selectable current sensing overview".
Two different calibration strategies are proposed:
• One calibration point - Offset calibration— TAMB = 25 °C/VBAT = 14 V— IOUT = 2.0% FSR
• Two calibration points (ACC ICSNS 2 CAL) - Offset and Gain calibration— TAMB = 25 °C/VBAT = 14 V— IOUT = 2.0% FSR (Offset calibration) and IOUT = 50% FSR (Gain calibration)
These calibration procedures help to improve current sense precision for a voltage range between 9.0 V and 18 V, and the ambient temperature range -40 °C < TA < 125 °C.
The following pages show the current sense accuracy with 1 point offset or 2 points gain + offset calibration at 14 V. Pictures are shown for the worst case output of each RDS(on) in ACM mode. For 1 point Gain calibration performances, refer to the specification in Section 6,"References".
I 100 % FSR
1 mA
IMIN ( CSNS) MINOUT
ICSNS
ICSNS
1.0 mA
IMIN(CSNS)
IOUT
100% FSR
ICSNS/IOUT = 1.0 mA/(100% FSR) typ.
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Device performance with calibration
5.1 Device performances in ACM and OCLO = 1 with 1 point offset calibration
Figure 7. Devices in configuration OCLO bit = 1; ACM bit = 1; calibration = 1 point offset (2%FSR)/voltage = 14 V
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% e
rror
% FSR
MC07XS6517B Output5 7.0 m� OCLO = ACM = 1 (FSR = 5.5 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 110 mA
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC17XS6500B Output5 17 m� OCLO = ACM = 1 (FSR = 2.75 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 55 mA
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC10XS6225 Output3 10 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 1 (FSR = 4.5 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 90 mA
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC10XS6225 Output1 25 m� OCLO = 1/ACM = 1 (FSR = 2.4 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 48 mA
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC40XS6500 Output5 40 m� OCLO = ACM = 1 (FSR = 1.95 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 38 mA
Output current sensing, Rev. 3.0NXP Semiconductors 8
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Device performance with calibration
5.2 Devices performances in ACM and OCLO = 1 with 2 points offset calibration
Figure 8. Devices in configuration OCLO bit = 1; ACM bit = 1; calibration = 1 point offset (2%FSR)/1 point gain (50%FSR)/voltage = 14 V
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% e
rror
% FSR
MC07XS6517B Output5 7.0 m� OCLO = ACM = 1 (FSR = 5.5 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 110 mA/1 pt Gain at 2.75 A
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC17XS6500B Output5 17 m� OCLO = ACM = 1 (FSR = 2.75 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 55 mA/1 pt Gain at 1.375 A
-25%
-15%
-5%
5%
15%
25%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC10XS6225 Output3 10 m� OCLO = ACM = 1 (FSR = 4.5 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 90 mA/1 pt Gain at 2.25 A
-20%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC25XS6300 Output3 25 m� OCLO = ACM = 1 (FSR = 2.4 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 48 mA/1 pt Gain at 1.2 A
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % e
rror
% FSR
MC40XS6500 Output3 40 m� OCLO = ACM = 1 (FSR = 1.95 A)
Calibration : 1 pt offset at 38 mA/1 pt Gain at 975 mA
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References
6 ReferencesFollowing are URLs where you can obtain information on related NXP products and application solutions:
Document number Description URL
MC12XS6 Product Summary Page http://www.nxp.com/webapp/sps/site/prod_summary.jsp?code=MC12XS6
Analog Home Page Home Page http://www.nxp.com/analog
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Revision history
7 Revision history
Revision Date Description
1.0 2/2014 • Initial release
2.0 5/2014
• Version pass 1p4 added for this AN• Current Sense Performances vs. SPI Register Configuration figure updated• Minimum Current Sense Reporting in ACM Mode and OCLO = 1 figure added• Chapters 4 & 5 reworked. Adapted format to display trumpet curves for all channels in OCLO = 1, ACM or
non-ACM, without calibration (Device performance without calibration), and 1 or 2 points with calibration (De-vices performances in ACM and OCLO = 1 with 2 points offset calibration)
3.05/2015
• Scope completed with additional explanation on current sense• Results adapted for version B of the 07XS6517 and 17XS6500• Curves removed to simplify the document• Performances of all 12XS6 devices integrated in the document
7/2016 • Updated to NXP document form and style
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Document Number: AN4834Rev. 3.0
7/2016