Outline of NEDO’s R&D Projects on Recycling

Masamichi Abe

Director

Environment Department

New Energy and Industrial Technology

Development Organization (NEDO), Japan

NEDO-ADEME Workshop 2016

December 8, 2016

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Outline of ＮＥＤＯ’s Recycling projects

Promotion of Resource Circulation

Expansion of Japan’s Recycling technologies to Overseas Countries

Japan will face resource constraints, including depletion of mineral resources, in the future.

NEDO is aiming to establish a global resource recycling society using Japan’s technology strength as well as a sustainable economic social system in which the environment and economy are integrated.

MaterialRecycling

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Japanese Government Approach to Securing CM

- September 2008: The Cabinet approved the Follow-ups and Revision of the New

Economic Growth Strategy and formulated a comprehensive strategy to ensure a

stable supply of critical materials.

- July 2009: The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) issued the

Strategy for Ensuring Stable Supplies of Rare Metals and established four pillars

for carrying out its strategy.

Strategy for Ensuring Stable Supplies of Rare Metals

Recycling

Development of

alternative and

substitute materialsStockpiling

Securing overseas resources

- Positive diplomatic action

- Resource development

Critically Important Rare Metals for Recycling

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In 2012, Japan identified five critically important rare metals

for recycling taking into account the following:

- Supply risk (reserves, product, export), outlook for demand

- Securing used products which have recyclable raw material

- Status of progress of recycling

- Status of progress of rare metal recycling technology, etc.

Critically Important Rare Metals for Recycling

Nd, Dy, Ta, Co, W

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Applications for Neodymium (Nd) Magnets

in Japan (2012)

Hard disk drives, motors for home appliances and industrial machinery, and

vehicles are major applications for Nd magnets in Japan.

Others

6%

Hard Disc Drives

28%

Electric Motors forHome Appliances and Industrial Machinery

36%

Vehicles

30%

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HV and EV

Refrigerator, Freezer

Washing Machine

Room Air Conditioner

PC

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

20102015

20202025

Estimate of Neodymium Containedin End-of-Life Products in Japan

(ton)

•METI has estimated the future amount of neodymium contained in EoL

products based on product sales data, useful life years and the amount of

neodymium in current components.

•Based on the spread of hybrid vehicles in recent years, the amount of

neodymium in vehicles will significantly increase from 2020.

Data provided by METI, 2012

2010 2015 2020 2025

0.9% 1.6% 2.7% 6.6%

Proportion of recycled neodymium in neodymium demand

(based on the assumption that the total amount of neodymium

in end-of-life products in Japan is recycled)

FY2011: NEDO’s R&D Program

for Critical Material Recycling Technologies

(1) RE magnets or other electronic

elements and devices containing

critical materials from end-of-life

electronic equipment

Rare Earth Magnets (Nd, Dy)

Condenser (Ta)

(2) Carbide metals from scrapped

cemented carbide tools

(4) Abrasive slag

Lens

Ce

Display

(3) Slag generated from production processes

Battery

(Li, Ni, Co)

Catalyst

(Pt, Pd)Dental materials

(Ag, Pd)

Technologies:

Solvent extraction

Smelting reduction

Biological process

Hydrothermal treatment, etc.

Technologies:

Alkali fusion/acid dissolution

Magnetic control

Hydrothermal treatment, etc.

Technologies:

Mechanical separation

Magnetic dressing

Molten salt electrolysis

Oxidizing roasting

Hydrothermal treatment,

etc.

Technologies:

Smelting reduction

Ion-exchange

Hydrothermal treatment, etc.

Lens

Program’s goal: developing high-efficiency recycling technologies in order

to commercialize them in the near future.

Cemented carbide tool (W, Co)

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Abrasive slag (Ce)

FY2012–2014: NEDO’s Project forRecycling Rare Earth Magnets

Verification of a Total Recycling System

Recovering

Magnets from used

products

Collection of used

products

Resupply of

magnets

Recycling of

other parts

Extraction of RE

from magnets

Technology Development

Support early establishment of recycling system for rare earth elements (neodymium

and dysprosium) in high-performance magnets.

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Scope

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Manufacturing industries

SegregationRecovery Collection

ConsumerMaterial Component Product

Disposal

Recycled Resource

Recycling industries

Waste material

High efficiency collection system of wastes Segregation technology Smelting technology

etc.

R&D

Direction of NEDO’s Recycling projects