Outline

• My vantage point as a syrupmaker

• Overall design requirements for mechanizing a mill

• Internet-based calculators to assist in meeting design requirements

• RPM and rpm calculator

• Torque and torque calculator

• Power and power calculator

Cow Barn

Mule Shelter Corn Storage

Vehicle Shed

Pack Houses

Bee Yard

Muscadines

Tobacco Barns, Goat Shelter, Mulberries, Pecans, Chickens Smoke

House, Ice House, Out House, Well Shelter (Wash Pots &c.)

Small Fruits

Feed Mill

Blacksmith Shop

Sugar Mill Yard

Goldens’ No. 2 (New Model)

Rollers: 6 inches long

Juice output: 45 gallons per hour

Power: 1 horse, heavy

The Journey from a “Trash” Mill . . . Goldens’ No. 2 (New Model)

to a Finished Product.

Kettle of Syrup

Design Requirements

1. Establish Target Revolutions per Minute

2. Establish Target Torque

3. Establish Target Power

Three Internet-based Calculators

Revolutions Per Minute

Too Fast:Juice does not drip from bagasse before ejection from

mill

Base plate designs insufficient for large volumes of juice

Wear on mill

Safety concerns

Too Slow:Decreased capacity

Just Right:Surface Roller Speed: 27 feet per minute

Design RequirementsFor Goldens’ No. 2 (New Model)

1. Revolutions per Minute = 8.6

2. Establish Target Torque

3. Establish Target Power Torque

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Force Measurements to Crush Cane

Thirteen Oaks Farm and Cane MillHartford, Alabama

• Kinds of cane

The measurements easily provide the force (which can be converted to torque)

for this particular mill.

The Problem: Generalize the Force Requirements from A Particular Mill to Torque Requirements for Any Mill.

My Active Sugar-cane Buddies

. . . and after too much Torque Talk and

Mathematics:

. . . a softer approach:

Ends of rollers can not be

used

Effective Roller Length

Small-diameter Roller

Torque and Force at Roller Face

Large-diameter Roller

Design RequirementsFor Goldens’ No. 2 (New Model)

1. Revolutions per Minute = 8.6

2. Minimum Torque = 1272 ft-lbs

3. Establish Target Power

Power

. . .many ways to achieve target rpm and torque:

Electric Motor, Right-Angle Speed Reducer, & Chain Drive

Chain guard removed for illustration

Drive Train Design

Use of Chain Drive:High mechanical efficiency (~95%)InexpensiveLow overhang load compared with belt driveLarge sprocket on mill (6x): low overhang load

and use of smaller speed reducer.

Use of Right-angle Speed reducer:Low ratios have higher mechanical efficiency.

Thank you for your attention.

http:/www.southernmatters.com