outfall reconnaissance monitoring the why and how of testing direct sources into watersheds …...
TRANSCRIPT
Outfall Reconnaissance Monitoring
The why and how of testing direct sources into watersheds…
Chris Jones, Richard Dewitt, & Leslie Schick
Our common cause…
A Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) or Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) require an Illicit Discharge Detection Elimination (IDDE) Program.
What is an Illicit Discharge?• A discharge to an MS4 that is not composed
entirely of stormwater except permitted discharges and fire fighting related discharges 40 CFR 122.26(b)(2)– Unique frequency, composition & mode of entry– Interaction of the sewage disposal system & the
storm drain system– Produced from “generating sites”
Dry Weather vs Wet Weather
–Dry Weather could potentially contribute more pollutants than wet weather as sources could be:• Sewage/septage •washwater (aka gray water)• Paints• automotive waste• Oils (including animal)• landscaping irrigation
Storm drain systems empty directly into natural waterways (streams, rivers, and wetlands), and do not go to a water treatment plant.
So, any pollution that makes its way into storm drains can damage the environment and pose risks to human health.
Rain water can easily carry pollution from parking lots, streets, and lawns, such as litter, oil, or fertilizer into storm drains and from there into waterways that we use for drinking water, fishing, swimming and so on.
www.accesskent.com Could still have Illicit Discharges…
Goal 2 - eliminate /correct
Goal 1 - Identify Sources
Chris Jones on the “planning” stage of monitoring…
The Survey Phase:Table Top Reconnaissance
Field SurveyMapping
Communities with Minimal, Clustered, and Severe Illicit Discharge Problems
Table TopBasic Orientation
Indentifying Key Areas
Identifying clusters help to identify pollution potential
Commercial -IndustrialResidential -
Subdivisions
Field Survey
Boots on the ground reconnoiter.Items needed, boots, water, map and pencil.Walk the banks, paddle a kayak, make a note on the map for each outfall (pipe) sticking out of the bank or flowing into the waterway.
Mapping
• Basic, take the information gained from the table top, and field surveys and pin it on a map.
• Utilize Geographic Information Systems or basic Google maps and pins.
The Testing Phase:
Establish monitoring standards.
Monitoring potential (non-point source) pollution.
Correlation to stream quality.
Outfall with channel to stream.
Notice of any concern?
Outfall ID - ST12500
Why a concern for monitoring?
Outfall
Run-off from?
Remediation Site
Industrial Complex
Agri-Business
Commercial &
Construction
Residential
Industrial
Outfall
Outfall Inspection
Outfall Condition – Cracks, Stains, Odors , Is it dry or flowing.
Abnormal Vegetation or Poor Pool Quality.
Outfall Testing – (with flow).
Testing Parameters
Temperature pH E. Coli Chlorine Ammonia Nitrate/Nitrite Hardness Turbidity Detergents
Phosphorus
Testing standards are based upon current Indiana Water Quality Standards.
Test kits are the standard along with visual observation of color & smell.
WWTP – Provides advanced E.Coli testing in their lab for the MS4.
Outfall Inspection
Outfall Condition – Cracks, Stains, Odors , Is it dry or flowing.
Abnormal Vegetation or Poor Pool Quality.
Outfall Testing – (with flow).
Testing Parameters
Temperature pH E. Coli Chlorine Ammonia Nitrate/Nitrite Hardness Turbidity Detergents
Phosphorus
Testing standards are based upon current Indiana Water Quality Standards.
Test kits are the standard along with visual observation of color & smell.
WWTP – Provides advanced E.Coli testing in their lab for the MS4.
Outfall Inspection
Outfall Condition – Cracks, Stains, Odors , Is it dry or flowing.
Abnormal Vegetation or Poor Pool Quality.
Outfall Testing – (with flow).
Testing Parameters
Temperature pH E. Coli Chlorine Ammonia Nitrate/Nitrite Hardness Turbidity Detergents
Phosphorus
Testing standards are based upon current Indiana Water Quality Standards.
Test kits are the standard along with visual observation of color & smell.
WWTP – Provides advanced E.Coli testing in their lab for the MS4.
Indiana Water Quality Standards
Temperature Summer Maximum limit 32.2C (89.6F)
pH Range of 6 – 9 pH units
Conductivity Range between 150- 500 s/cm
Ammonia Range around 0.5 ppm
Chlorine Range around 0.4 ppm
Phosphorus Range less than 0.03 ppm
E. Coli Range less than 235 CFU/100ml
Nitrate/Nitrite Range less than 0.03 ppm(If ammonia level exceeded.)
Turbidity Not to exceed 40 NTU
Hardness No range – regional geology
Detergents Range 0 – 1 ppm
Dissolved Oxygen Less than 4.0/ml
Investigating a Source – Investigate up the trunk of the outfall and sample stream.
Remediation Site
Industrial Complex
Agri-Business
Commercial &
Construction
Residential
Industrial
Outfall
Point Sources
Industrial/CommercialSewageWash WaterWaterline BreaksIDDE/DumpingConstructionPost-Construction
Investigating a Source – Investigate up the trunk of the outfall and sample stream.
Remediation Site
Industrial Complex
Agri-Business
Commercial &
Construction
Residential
Industrial
Outfall
Point Sources
Industrial/CommercialSewageWash WaterWaterline BreaksIDDE/DumpingConstructionPost-Construction
Resolution: Eliminate pollution source.
Immediate Clean-up or Remediation of source.
On-going Monitoring:
Annual outfall monitoring of all water body outfalls.
Awareness of pollution potential hot spots – (Rule 6 Facilities).
Maintain a public education Illicit Discharge Detection Elimination program.
Goal – to maintain a healthy watershed.