our vision for forests sustain and enrich human well being through diverse values, uses, products...
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Our Vision for Our Vision for ForestsForests
Sustain and enrich human well being through Sustain and enrich human well being through
diverse values, uses, products and services;diverse values, uses, products and services;
Managed and conserved to meet changing Managed and conserved to meet changing
needs based on local knowledge plus ever-needs based on local knowledge plus ever-
improving science and technologies;improving science and technologies;
Serve current and future generations in Serve current and future generations in
sustaining our communities and rich cultural sustaining our communities and rich cultural
heritage.heritage.
Forests that …Forests that …
Deliver high quality waterDeliver high quality water Sustainably meet domestic needs for forest-based Sustainably meet domestic needs for forest-based
renewable resourcesrenewable resources Reward owners/stewards with multiple benefitsReward owners/stewards with multiple benefits Perpetuate biological and cultural diversityPerpetuate biological and cultural diversity Ameliorate impacts of human activitiesAmeliorate impacts of human activities Grow in extent, productivity, resilienceGrow in extent, productivity, resilience Are managed for distinct local capabilities & values Are managed for distinct local capabilities & values Restore human spirit and stewardship ethicRestore human spirit and stewardship ethic Bring people together for common purposeBring people together for common purpose
Global Forces = ChangeGlobal Forces = Change
Population growth: 6.3 Bil. in 2003 to ~ 8 Bil. in 2050Population growth: 6.3 Bil. in 2003 to ~ 8 Bil. in 2050 Technology: steady advances + breakthroughsTechnology: steady advances + breakthroughs Political instability: local to global, ballot measures to warsPolitical instability: local to global, ballot measures to wars Trade: barriers/subsidies, free vs fairTrade: barriers/subsidies, free vs fair Industry restructuring: global integration, dynamics Industry restructuring: global integration, dynamics in in
timberland ownership, global capitaltimberland ownership, global capital Rich-poor gap: growingRich-poor gap: growing Raising of “green” consciousness: more than air/waterRaising of “green” consciousness: more than air/water Consumption growth: space, water, fossil fuels, food, wood, Consumption growth: space, water, fossil fuels, food, wood,
mineralsminerals Climate change: yes but variable, uncertain regional effectsClimate change: yes but variable, uncertain regional effects Non-native invasive species + explosive nativesNon-native invasive species + explosive natives
Pervasive ChangePervasive Change
Need for prudent risk taking, continual learning and adaptation
Forest area:Forest area: ~ 9.6 Billion ac; 50-66% loss since 1600 ce ~ 9.6 Billion ac; 50-66% loss since 1600 ce
Forest loss:Forest loss: ~ 23 Million ac/yr in 1990s ~ 23 Million ac/yr in 1990s
Population + Economic Growth = Forest LossPopulation + Economic Growth = Forest Loss But not always: - 30 mil ac/yr in tropics, But not always: - 30 mil ac/yr in tropics, + 7 mil ac/yr+ 7 mil ac/yr in non-tropics in non-tropics
DemandsDemands for forest benefits ever growing for forest benefits ever growing Water quality, quantity: biggest future forest issueWater quality, quantity: biggest future forest issue
Wood use: range = flat near term to < 0.5%/yr long termWood use: range = flat near term to < 0.5%/yr long term
Biodiversity conservation: yes but public still bewildered after 20 yearsBiodiversity conservation: yes but public still bewildered after 20 years
Carbon storage: how much, trees + products, market uncertaintyCarbon storage: how much, trees + products, market uncertainty
Recreation, subsistence, cultural uses: highly variable by ownershipRecreation, subsistence, cultural uses: highly variable by ownership
Global Forest TrendsGlobal Forest Trends
Some Global Some Global LeadersLeaders
32
30
30
22
24
27
23
22
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Solid Wood Exports: Canada
Solid Wood Imports: US
Solid Wood Used: US
Solid Wood Produced: US
Plantation Forests: China
Wood Biomass: Brazil
Wood Volume: Russia
Forest Area: Russia
Percent of World SharePercent of World ShareUN FAO 2005: 2000, 2002 dataUN FAO 2005: 2000, 2002 data
Global Plantation Global Plantation ForestsForests
42
24
5.6
4.7
0 10 20 30 40 50
India + China
Russia + US + Japan
Brazil + Chile + NZ + SA + Australia
EU
Percent of World SharePercent of World ShareUN FAO 2005: 2000 dataUN FAO 2005: 2000 data
Ind. wood use rose 40% since 1960: ~ 1.6 BMInd. wood use rose 40% since 1960: ~ 1.6 BM3 3 but flat over last 20but flat over last 20 Fuel wood use > industrial wood use: ~ 1.8 BMFuel wood use > industrial wood use: ~ 1.8 BM3 3 and growingand growing Ind. wood use could increase < 33% by 2050: from 1.6 - 2.1 BMInd. wood use could increase < 33% by 2050: from 1.6 - 2.1 BM33
~ 75% of global wood and fiber will come from planted forests by ~ 75% of global wood and fiber will come from planted forests by mid mid century or earlier (Sedjo and others)century or earlier (Sedjo and others) ~ 31% of global solid wood consumption crosses an international ~ 31% of global solid wood consumption crosses an international boundary from tree to product; most likely to increaseboundary from tree to product; most likely to increase US imports 31% of solid wood products consumed; exports US imports 31% of solid wood products consumed; exports associated jobs & impacts (81% growth since 1991)associated jobs & impacts (81% growth since 1991) US uses 30% of world’s solid wood products; largest per capitaUS uses 30% of world’s solid wood products; largest per capita US forest and wood choices drive global wood marketUS forest and wood choices drive global wood marketUN FAO 2005: 2002 data + Perez-Garcia on future demandUN FAO 2005: 2002 data + Perez-Garcia on future demand
Global & U.S. Wood Global & U.S. Wood UseUse
US in Global ContextUS in Global Context
30
30
22
9
8.6
8
5.8
4.7
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Solid Wood Imported
Solid Wood Used
Solid Wood Produced
Reserve Forest
Plantion Forests
Wood Volume in Forests
Forest Land
People
Percent of World Share (UN FAO 2005: 2000, 2003 data)Percent of World Share (UN FAO 2005: 2000, 2003 data)
Progressive improvement in environmental, Progressive improvement in environmental,
economic and cultural conditionseconomic and cultural conditions
Equity across societal sectors and Equity across societal sectors and
generationsgenerations
Engagement of people in social choices Engagement of people in social choices that that
affect themaffect them
Adaptability to pervasive changeAdaptability to pervasive change
SustainabilitySustainability
Sustainable ForestrySustainable Forestry
The suite of policies, plans and practices The suite of policies, plans and practices
that seek to protect, produce, and that seek to protect, produce, and
perpetuate forest ecosystems for the perpetuate forest ecosystems for the
values, uses, products, and services values, uses, products, and services
desired by communities and landowners desired by communities and landowners
for this and future generationsfor this and future generations
NCSSF 2005NCSSF 2005
SustainabilitySustainability
Not possible without taking risks and Not possible without taking risks and continually adapting to change, continually adapting to change,
making things bettermaking things better
Its not about standing still!Its not about standing still!
Breadth of Sustainable Breadth of Sustainable Forest ManagementForest Management
Varies by forest type, ownership, Varies by forest type, ownership,
primary purposeprimary purpose
Forest purposes:Forest purposes:
Wood and fiber productionWood and fiber production
Multiple resource values/usesMultiple resource values/uses
Reserves, nature preservationReserves, nature preservation
Urban and community forestsUrban and community forests
Wood Production Wood Production ForestsForests
Most of world’s future wood will Most of world’s future wood will
come from planted forests:come from planted forests: ~ 33% now, ~ 75% by 2050~ 33% now, ~ 75% by 2050 ~ 10% or less of global forest area~ 10% or less of global forest area
Primary purposes: Primary purposes: Grow trees for wood, fiberGrow trees for wood, fiber Increase forest value to ownerIncrease forest value to owner
Management challenges:Management challenges: Thrive in global marketsThrive in global markets Increase wood yield: > 2x over naturalIncrease wood yield: > 2x over natural Improve environmental outcomesImprove environmental outcomes Improve wood quality, consistencyImprove wood quality, consistency Produce high return on investmentProduce high return on investment Maintain social license to operateMaintain social license to operate
Who Owns Prod. Forest?Who Owns Prod. Forest?
020406080
100120
NationalForest
OtherPublic
ForestIndustry
FamilyForests
Million Acres by Owner
1 = >120
2 = 85-120
3 = 50-85
4 = 20-50
5 = 0-20
Source: Powell et al. (1993) Tables 5 and 6Source: Powell et al. (1993) Tables 5 and 6
Site Class inFt3/Ac/Yr
Multi-resource Multi-resource ForestsForests
Most of the world’s Most of the world’s accessibleaccessible forests forests
have multiple resource purposeshave multiple resource purposes ~ 40% of global forest area eventually~ 40% of global forest area eventually
Primary purposes: Primary purposes: Meet diverse landowner objectivesMeet diverse landowner objectives Increase forest value to owner(s)Increase forest value to owner(s)
Challenges:Challenges: If US federal, clarify purpose and directionIf US federal, clarify purpose and direction Deliver multi-resource/value outcomes at Deliver multi-resource/value outcomes at
acceptable costs acceptable costs Differentiate products in marketsDifferentiate products in markets Finance non-market benefitsFinance non-market benefits Finance management of federal landsFinance management of federal lands
Reserve ForestsReserve Forests
Parks, wilderness, natural areas:Parks, wilderness, natural areas: ~ 12% worldwide in 2000~ 12% worldwide in 2000 ~ 50% of global forest area eventually~ 50% of global forest area eventually
Primary purposes:Primary purposes: Sustain at-risk species, natural Sustain at-risk species, natural
processes, “wild” ecosystemsprocesses, “wild” ecosystems Recreation, cultural usesRecreation, cultural uses
Management cManagement challenges:hallenges: Minimize human use impactsMinimize human use impacts Restore, promote wildness, naturalnessRestore, promote wildness, naturalness Ameliorate effects of invasive species, Ameliorate effects of invasive species,
air pollution, explosive nativesair pollution, explosive natives Achieve goals for least costsAchieve goals for least costs Finance managementFinance management
Urban, Community Urban, Community ForestsForests
Where 80% of the people liveWhere 80% of the people live
Primary purposes:Primary purposes: Attractive communities, neighborhoodsAttractive communities, neighborhoods
Conserve resources: water, energyConserve resources: water, energy
Increase property valuesIncrease property values
Backyard wildlife habitatsBackyard wildlife habitats
Management challenges:Management challenges: Safety, infrastructure impactsSafety, infrastructure impacts
Minimize sprawlMinimize sprawl
Minimize invasive species escapesMinimize invasive species escapes
Reserve ForestsReserve Forests:: Mostly federal, some state, tribal, private
Multi-resource Multi-resource
Forests:Forests: Mostly state, tribal, some family, some federal
Wood Wood
Production Production
ForestsForests:: Mostly industry, family, some state, tribal
Urban, Community Urban, Community
Forests:Forests: Forests where
people live
Social
Ben
efitsEco
nom
ic
Ben
efits
ForestForestSustainabilitySustainability
Environmental Benefits
ChallengesChallenges
1.1. Keep forest lands in forest uses for forest valuesKeep forest lands in forest uses for forest values Sustain US forests in face of global forces, urban sprawlSustain US forests in face of global forces, urban sprawl
2.2. Meet people’s forest resource needs efficientlyMeet people’s forest resource needs efficiently
3.3. Improve both production and conservation efficiencyImprove both production and conservation efficiency
4.4. Restore and sustain health of at-risk forestsRestore and sustain health of at-risk forests
5.5. Create new knowledge and technologies:Create new knowledge and technologies: Sciences and products for progressive sustainabilitySciences and products for progressive sustainability
Products and practices innovationsProducts and practices innovations
6.6. Enhance lifelong learning and extended educationEnhance lifelong learning and extended education
ANDAND
Address Demand -- Address Demand -- Consumption EthicConsumption Ethic
Intelligent consumption and productionIntelligent consumption and production of of
renewable natural resourcesrenewable natural resources is key to sustaining is key to sustaining
quality of life;quality of life;
Overuse, non-renewable substitutes, transfer effects Overuse, non-renewable substitutes, transfer effects
degrade ecosystems somewhere;degrade ecosystems somewhere;
Prudent choices consider full impacts, the future, Prudent choices consider full impacts, the future,
and the entire life cycle of resources – and the entire life cycle of resources –
Domestic Renewables Win!Domestic Renewables Win!
University Roles …University Roles …
Educate a highly skilled forest/mill workforce and future Educate a highly skilled forest/mill workforce and future forest scientists and teachersforest scientists and teachers
Create a stronger science base for all SFM systems; Create a stronger science base for all SFM systems; improve regulatory efficiencyimprove regulatory efficiency
Innovations for improved market and environmental Innovations for improved market and environmental performance of all US forests and forest productsperformance of all US forests and forest products
Innovations to increase productivity and sustainability of Innovations to increase productivity and sustainability of US forest resources and forest productsUS forest resources and forest products
Educate a more knowledgeable, responsible citizenryEducate a more knowledgeable, responsible citizenry Promote prudent policies, empowered communitiesPromote prudent policies, empowered communities Advocate for diverse, productive, resilient forests and Advocate for diverse, productive, resilient forests and
associated economies and human communitiesassociated economies and human communities