our common baltic pharmaceutical …...in latvia, lithuania and estonia), psycholeptics (finland is...
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Blyshchyk NatalliaCenter for Environmental Solutions, Belarus
OUR COMMON BALTIC
PHARMACEUTICAL POLLUTION
Hel Marine Station, Poland, 4 July 2017
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Routes of a medicinal products in the Environment
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The UBA database is free to access and can be used by many different stakeholders with an interest in the topic of pharmaceuticals in the environment. It allows users to search for data pertaining to their particular region or the pharmaceutical substance of interest to themhttps://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/database-pharmaceuticals-in-the- environment-0
Tools for use:
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http://maps.helcom.fi/website/mapservice/index.html
Some data (georeferenced measurements in the marine envi-
ronment) has been prepared via the map service and as shape files.
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Learn how you can contribute to the work and be a part of the policy development in the region to reduce the emission of pharmaceuticals to the Baltic. And spread the word to anyone interested!
http://www.swedishepa.se/hazards/pharmaceuticals
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Highest diclofenac concentration
in surface waters
Baltic Sea Region countries
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Highest 17-alpha-Ethinylestradiol
concentration in surface
waters BSR-countries
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Pharmaceuticals in surface water,
Belarus, 2016-2017The Lake which locates in a protected wildlife sanctuary — no exceedances
The Lake is experiencing a significant load associated with the intensive
economic activity of people in the catchment area. The lake is a major
recreational center, a water intake of the meliorative network, and intensive
industrial fishing is conducted on it — Synthetic hormone drug
ethinylestradiol (in water) and an anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen (in silt)
are found in it.
The third reservoir is formed in the lower reaches of the City River, including
for fish farming needs. And it is subject of the greatest strain. Hormonal
preparations have been found in water, and in the sludge were found
antibacterial drug ciprofloxacin, spasmolytic drotaverin and hormone 17b-
estradiol.The highest ethinylestradiol concentrationin river sediment — 71 µg/g dry weight
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Pharmaceutical production\ hospitals
old|\unused
medicines
free
Liquid medicines
2 $ / kg
Dangerous medicines
0.13 $ / kg
Other medicines
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Health facilities present a good platform for informing the public
• Promoting the rational use of
pharmaceuticals and reducing
inadequate prophylactic use of
pharmaceuticals
• Usage more environmentally
benign medicines
• Educating the general public on
how to dispose of unused
medicines
• Educating on the risks of
pharmaceuticals transfer into
the environment
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Consumption data show that the following groups are the most widely used in all Baltic countries:
(С) Cardiovascular agents: on the first place –blood pressure lowering drugs
(enalapril, ramipril) and statins. Finland is the leader.
(N) Central nervous system agents: on the first place – Analgesics (Denmark is
the leader), Antiepileptics (in Sweden, Denmark and Finland 2 times more than
in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia), Psycholeptics (Finland is the leader),
Antidepressants (Sweden is the leader).
(B) Drugs affecting the blood and blood forming organs: on the first place –acetylsalicylic acid.
(A) Alimentary tract and metabolism: drugs for acid related disorders (Sweden
is the leader), on the first place – omeprazole, pantoprazole.
(R) Respiratory system: (drugs for obstructive airway diseases); Antihistamines
(in Sweden, Denmark and Finland 2-4 times more than in Latvia, Lithuania and
Estonia); nasal preparations.
(G) Genito urinary system and sex hormones and especially (G03A) Hormonal
contraceptives for systemic use: in Sweden 3-10 times more, than in other
countries.
(M) Analgesics and drugs affecting the musculoskeletal system especially
painkillers diclofenac, propionic acid derivatives and ibuprofen.
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Collection system the old/unused medicines from the population
92% of people
8% of people
65% of Belarusiansbuy more medicines than they need
36 packs of medicinesper person per year
900 people, 2015
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Country Mandatory or
voluntary
collecting system
Collection points Amounts of pharmaceutical
waste collected
Denmark M - All pharmacies,
- recycling centersNo data
Sweden M - All pharmacies,
- recycling centers
- on-line pharmacies
In 2011:
- 800 tons by pharmacies;
- 10 tons by the recycling center
Finland V - Сommunity pharmacy
- Mobile collecting point
In 2006:
-185 tons by pharmacies
Russia V - Mobile collecting point
- recycling centers
about 4 tons every year
Estonia M - All pharmacies,
-hazardous waste
collection points
in 2014:
about 89 tons
Latvia V - Some pharmacies,
- hazardous waste
collection points
About 60 pharmacies:
collect only around 200 kilograms
per year
Lithania M - All pharmacies No data
Poland V - Some pharmacies,
- special hazardous waste
collection points
in 2007, in the city of Krakow,
Poland:
about 5 tons
Germany V - Some pharmacies;
- local recycling center
1 400 of 4 000-7 000 tons not used
each year
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Veterinary medicinal products
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Antimicrobial resistance
The European Commission adopted a new action plan to tackle
antimicrobial resistance (AMR), described as "the greatest single
challenge in infectious diseases today”.
BUT this action plan does not address pharmaceutical discharges
in the environment. Unlike the previous action plan (2011-2016),
this new plan opens the discussion about AMR in the
environment, however the only action proposed on this issue is to
close knowledge gaps (i.e. the link between the release of
antimicrobials in the environment and the threats and risks this
poses to human and animal health).“
"This alone will not be enough to tackle the problem of
pharmaceuticals in the environment.
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What we can to do:
• To identify the hot spots for each territory.
• We need further data on pharmaceutical pollution from
rivers.
• Make the stress on pollution prevention.
• Conduct information company with different target groups.
• Share the best practices.
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Not have (working)
pharmaceutical
collection system
from population
- Initiation of legislativechanges- make working meetings- preparation of the report and recommendations-adaptation of the best international experience
Not have enough
information on the scale and
consequences of the
problem of contamination
with environmental
medicines
Issues: Our activities:
-Initiation of analytical research-information company with health institutions
-accumulation of internationalexperience
-Information company with apopulation
-make sociological studies
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Work with stakeholders
Pharmaceutical producers: Healthcare sector: Pharmacies:
Policy makers: Patients, consumers:
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The report contains available
information on the problem in the
countries of the Baltic region:
- review of monitoring data
-review of medicine consumption
-description of collection system
unused medicine from population
We are looking for support from
BSR-countries in the
implementation of information
about the problem in your country