Ottoman Empire1453-19181453-1918

•How did the Ottoman Empire become so powerful?

•How can religion be used to help strengthen an empire? Explain.

•“The people think of wealth and power as the greatest fate.” – Do you agree or disagree?.

Something to think about

The Ottoman Empire

They were a Nomadic group of Turkish people that originally came from central Asia.

The Ottoman Empire• It rose to become a world

empire.• Ottoman Empire was dynastic• Its territories and character

owed little to national, ethnic or religious boundaries, and were determined by the military and administrative power of the dynasty at any particular time.

The Ottoman Empire

• The Ottomans attempted to bring as much territory as possible into the Islamic fold. The non-Muslims living in these areas were then absorbed into the Empire as protected subjects.

The Fall of the Byzantine Empire

– Roman Empire or Romania.– Oriented towards the Greek culture.– Christian State Church rather than roman

paganism.– Greak-speaking rather than latin-speaking.– Center:  "City of Constantine" (alternatively

"New Rome").

Fall of Constantinople

The blockade lasted from Friday, 6 April 1453 until Tuesday, 29 May 1453 ,when the city was conquered by the Ottomans.

Fall of Constantinople• End of the final of the Roman Empire, an empire which

had lasted for nearly 1,500 years.• It was a massive blow to Christendom.• Constantinople the Ottoma Empire's new capital. • Several Greek and non-Greek intellectuals fled the city

before and after the siege, migrating particularly to Italy.

Expansion of the Ottomans

A. Ottomans capture Constantinople (1453)

1. Cut trade with Europe & Asia.

A. Made it difficult for Europeans to pass.

2. Conquered Egypt & North Africa.

3. United Muslims under one rule.

#10. In what ways was the In what ways was the Ottoman Empire important for Ottoman Empire important for Europe in the early modern era?Europe in the early modern era?

• The Ottoman Empire represented a military threat to Europe.

• It impressed some European intellectuals because of its religious tolerance.

• It occasionally allied with France against their common enemy of Habsburg Austria.

• The empire was an important trading partner

Suleiman the MagnificentSuleiman the Magnificent

I. The Rule of Suleiman1. Muslim ruler from 1520-1566.2. Named the “Lawgiver”.3. Established & enforced strict laws.

A. Based on the Koran. B. Reconstructed the Ottoman system of rule.

Suleiman’s Social Class System

1. Citizens were organized into four social groupings:

– The men of the pen• Judges, imams (prayer leaders), other

intellectuals• Under Suleyman, became the empire’s

bureaucrats• Later split into men of the pen and men of religion

– Men of the sword: military– Men of negotiations, such as merchants– Men of husbandry: farmers, livestock raisers

Higher citizens special privileges.

Educated men held the highest rank. Important advancements made in science, architecture & literature.