First published in 2008 by Orpheus Books Ltd., 6 Church Green, Witney, Oxfordshire, OX28 4AW, England

Copyright ©2008 Orpheus Books Ltd.

CCrreeaatteedd aanndd pprroodduucceedd bbyyRachel Coombs, Nicholas Harris, Sarah Hartley,

Elizabeth Havercroft and Erica Simms, Orpheus Books Ltd.

TTeexxtt Olivia Brookes

IIlllluussttrraatteedd bbyy Mark Stacey

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,

electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

ISBN XXXXXXXXXX

A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library.

Printed and bound in China

Orpheus

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Contents4 5Introduction

5 Introduction

6 Road transport

8 About road vehicles

10 City

12 About a city

14 Street

16 About a street

18 Building site

20 About a building site

22 Airport

24 About an airport

26 Railway station

28 Spacecraft

30 Index

IN THIS ENCYCLOPEDIA, you will find out about some places wherethere is always something happening: a city street, a building site or

a railway station, for example. And if you are planning a trip byplane—or even by spacecraft—you will find the book especially useful.

There are lots ofthings to see in themain illustrationthat accompanieseach subject

Each subject ispresented withan introductorytext to explainwhat it is about.

If you look very carefully, you willfind a tiny teddy bear in each ofthe main illustrations in thisbook. Turn to page 31 to find outwhere they are hidden.

Most (but not all) ofthe items picturedcan be foundsomewhere in themain illustration.

The text thataccompanies eachitem explains what it is and provides moreinformation about it.

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7R O A D T R A N S P O R TRoad transport6

WIDE motorways and quiet countrylanes are both types of road. Cars,

bicycles, lorries and coaches all travel alongroads to get from place to place. Roadsusually have a smooth, dark surface called

tarmac. White lines painted on thetarmac divide the road into lanes.

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BicycleBicycles are not powered by engines. Instead, therider pushes the pedals with his or her feet to make

the wheels turn. Bicycles aremade from hollow metal

tubes and air-filled tyres.Cycle lanes on roadskeep them apart from

larger vehicles.

TractorTractors areused on farms,to ploughfields or totow otherfarming equipment. They have huge wheelswith good grip so that they can drive acrossmuddy ground.

CarA car is a small vehicle which is powered byan engine. Saloon cars havea separate boot forluggage. Hatchbackshave a luggagespace behind theback seat and adoor at the back.

About road vehicles8 9A B O U T R O A D V E H I C L E S

CoachCoaches are designed to carry lots ofpeople on long journeys. Thepassengers’ luggage is carried incompartments under the seating area.

Petrol stationAll motor vehicles need fuel (petrolor diesel) to run. Drivers can fill uptheir fuel tanks at the petrol station.The driver puts the nozzle from thepump into the opening of the fueltank and squeezes the trigger. Theythen pay for the fuel in the shop.

MotorbikeMotorbikes are two-wheeled vehicles that arepowered by an engine.Riders must wear helmetsto protect their heads ifthey have an accident.

TunnelA tunnel is an under-ground passage. Tunnelscarry roads or railwaysbeneath city streets orthrough hills or mountains.

LorryA lorry is a very large vehiclethat carries cargo—anythingfrom furniture to food. Somelorries have two parts. Thefront part has the cab wherethe driver sits and the engine,called the tractor unit. Therear part is where the cargo isstored. This is called thetrailer. Lorries like this arecalled articulated lorries.

TaxiTaxis are cars that take passengers whereverthey wish to go—usually somewhere else ina town or city, such as the station or airport.A meter inside the taxi keeps track of howmuch the passengers should pay the driverat the end of the jourmey.

Breakdown vehicleBreakdown vehicles are powerful trucks thatare used to tow other vehicles that havebroken down. A tow-rope is attached to thefront of the vehicle and winches it up so thatits front wheels are clear of the road. Thetruck pulls it along to the repair garage.

BridgeA bridge is a structure thatcarries a path, a road or arailway across a valley, awide river or another roador railway. Bridges can bemade from stone, wood ormetal. Some bridges aresupported by arches. Largesuspension bridges areheld up by steel cables thathang between towers.

MotorwayA motorway is a very wideroad with at least two lanesof traffic so that vehicles canovertake each other safely.They are built as straight aspossible. Traffic is permittedto go faster on motorwaysthan on ordinary roads.Motorways run between bigcities and may stretch forhundreds of kilometres.

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10 11C I T YCity

TOWNS and cities are places wherepeople live and work. Shops,

offices, apartments, theatres andcinemas are found in the city centre.Outside the centre are the suburbs,where there are houses and schools.

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ParkParks are greenspaces where peoplecan relax away fromthe noise of the city.Many parks also haveswings and slides forchildren to play on.

ChurchChristians worship in church. Many churches have a tall spiresor a dome at the top of a tower.Old churches sometimes havebeautiful stained glasswindows with pictures ofpeople or stories fromthe Bible. During achurch service,people sit onwoodenbenches,calledpews.

Office buildingMany people work in offices. Hugebuildings like thisare oftenspecially built.Inside, therooms are full ofpeople busyworking at theirdesks.

HotelPeople stay in hotels whenthey are on holiday, or onbusiness trips. Largehotels have comfortablerooms on several floors.There are lifts, bars andrestaurants. Some hotelsalso have their own shops

and swimming pools.

MarketMany towns and cities have opensquares where markets are held. Herepeople can set up stalls and sell food,clothes and other goods.In smaller townsmarkets areoften heldon oneparticularday.

About a city12 13A B O U T A C I T Y

StadiumSome sporting contests are held instadiums: for example, football andathletics. Sloping banks of seats circlethe pitch or track. Powerful lights allowthe matches to be played in the evenings. Factory

Factories are large buildings where goods areproduced in large numbers, using specialmachinery such as robots and conveyor belts.

TheatreTheatres are buildingswhere actors performplays. Inside the buildingis a stage facing rows ofseats, sometimes on morethan one level. People buytickets from the box office,inside the entrance.

MosqueMuslims pray at their local mosque up tofive times a day. The leader of the prayerfaces in the direction of the Muslim holy city,Makkah. Mosques may have a dome andtowers, called minarets.

SupermarketPeople can buy food, clothes and many othergoods at the supermarket. There is usually a largecar park outside, so it is easy for shoppers towheel their trolleys to and from their cars.

MuseumMuseums are buildings wherethere are interesting objects ondisplay. These may includestatues, paintings, pots, old bones,historic vehicles, maps and manyother things. Some museums tellyou about your own town andexhibit things found nearby.

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14 15S T R E E TStreet

ACITY is usually a maze of streets.Some are wide and busy with

noisy traffic. Others are narrow, withjust pedestrians walking along. Thereis always something happening onthe street. Here, a bus has collidedwith a car. A police car, fire engineand ambulance are quickly on thescene, but nobody is hurt!

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