origins of the civil rights movement

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Origins of the Civil Rights Movement “A man who won't die for something is not fit to live.” --Martin Luther King Jr.

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Origins of the Civil Rights Movement. “A man who won't die for something is not fit to live .” --Martin Luther King Jr. Jim Crow Laws in the US. State laws enacted between 1876-1965 Characteristics of life u nder Jim Crow: Racial Segregation Disenfranchisement Exploitation - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Origi

Origins of the Civil Rights MovementA man who won't die for something is not fit to live.--Martin Luther King Jr.

Jim Crow Laws in the USState laws enacted between 1876-1965Characteristics of life under Jim Crow:Racial SegregationDisenfranchisementExploitationViolence

Racial SegregationJim Crow laws encouraged the idea of separate but equalExamples of Jim Crow Laws:segregated schoolssegregated restaurantssegregated buses

DisenfranchisementFrom 1890 to 1908, Southern states created constitutions with provisions that prevented African Americans from voting (disenfranchisement).Examples:Poll TaxesLiteracy TestsViolence/Scare TacticsRestrictive Registration Practices (ex: Grandfather Clause)

Critical ThinkingWhy do you think many southern states wanted to prevent African Americans from voting in the early 1900s?

ExploitationIncreased economic hardships for blacks, Latinos and AsiansDenial of economic opportunitiesWidespread employment discrimination

ViolenceIndividualPolice/OrganizationalMass racial violence (against African Americans in South, Hispanics in Southwest, and Asians in West)Lynching was a popular form of mass violence against African Americans in South

Plessy Vs. Ferguson1896, Supreme Court order that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregationSaid separate but equal facilities were legal

Brown Vs. Board of EducationIn 1954, the Supreme Court handed down a landmark decision by overturning Plessy Vs. FergusonThe court ruled unanimously that separate but equal schools were unconstitutionalThe court ordered desegregation with all deliberate speed

with all deliberate speedThe Supreme Court made integration a federal requirement but left it up to the states to determine when that would happenMany southern states ignored the court order and refused to desegregate However, this decision paved the way for the Civil Rights Movement

Harry Truman and Civil RightsIn 1946, Harry Truman created the Committee on Civil Rights to examine racial issuesIn July 1948 Truman issued Executive Order 9808, banning racial discrimination in the military and federal government

Eisenhowers Early YearsEisenhower continued Trumans efforts by ending any remaining segregationist policies in the military or federal governmentHe also appointed the first African American, Frederic Morrow, to the White House Staff