origins of g.fast and its role in future ftth...

G.fast Summit, Paris, May 20, 2014Origins of G.fast - Rob F.M. van den Brink - TNO - ([email protected])1

Origins of G.fast and its Role in future FTTH deployments

Rob F.M. van den Brink - TNO

mailto:-([email protected])


Origins of G.fast and its Role in future FTTH deployments

Rob F.M. van den Brink - TNO



1. And suddenly there was G.fast ….. ????

Higher bitrates? à The demand for it keeps growing

1M b/s

10 Mb/s

100 Mb/s

1 Gb/s

1GBB

2GBB

3GBB

100 kb/s

4GBB

20142000 time -->

Bitrate

(c) TNO

?



1. And suddenly there was G.fast ….. ?

2007: FP6 project MUSE, Task Force 2:

• BT, TNO, Ericsson, ULUND, …

• Discussion: What comes after VDSL?• VDSL: 35 Mb/s up to 800m (with vectoring!)• VDSL: 80 Mb/s up to 400m (with vectoring!)• VDSL: 125Mb/s at zero meter• VDSL with vectoring & Bonding: increase to190%

• Discussion: will it be (full) Fiber to the Home?




1GBB (up to 1 Mb/s)

2GBB (up to 10 Mb/s)

3GBB (up to 100Mb/s)

4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s)

Voice band modems

ISDN, ADSL1

ADSL2plus

ADSL2

VDSL2FttCAB

FttH

Evolution of telco solutions in offering Broadband

< 6km copper

< 6km copper

< 1km copper

Meter closet

FttH

(c) TNO




1GBB (up to 1 Mb/s)



4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s)

Voice band modems

ISDN, ADSL1

ADSL2plus

ADSL2

VDSL2FttCAB

FttH

Full

Hybrid


< 6km copper

< 6km copper

< 1km copper

20-200m

Curb

Basement

Meter closet

FttH

FttH

(c) TNO




MissingLink

1GBB (up to 1 Mb/s)



4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s)

Voice band modems

ISDN, ADSL1

ADSL2plus

ADSL2

VDSL2FttCAB

FttH

Full

Hybrid


< 6km copper

< 6km copper

< 1km copper

20-200mCurb

Basement

Meter closet

FttH

FttH

(c) TNO




2008: FP7 project proposal “Omega DSL”:

• BT, TNO, Ericsson, ULUND, …

• Discussion: up to 1 Gb/s via 20-200m telephony cabling?• What are the techno-economic drivers for it?• Is it technically feasible via copper?• Can we transmit >100MHz via telephony wiring?• Can we initiate a world-wide standard for it?• Can we bring the industry into motion?• Aren’t we not too late for that?

• The next generation BroadBand requires up to 1 Gb/s !!




2009-2012: Celtic project “Enabling 4GBB”

Partners participating part of the project

4GBB Consortium members:



Why copperif you can bring

1 Gb/s via fiber as well?

Question in 2009



2. Techno-economic drivers for DSL beyond VDSL

4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s)

FttH

Meter closet

FttH

(c) TNO

2009: Only one flavor of FTTH available à “into the Home”



2. Techno-economic drivers for DSL beyond VDSL

4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s)

FttH

Full

Hybrid

20-200m

Curb

Basement

Meter closet

FttH

FttH

(c) TNO

MissingTechnology

Multiple flavors of FTTH neededà into the Home à “Full” FTTHà upto the Home à “Hybrid” FTTH



2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH

Hybrid FTTH is complementary to Full FTTHà into the Home à “Full” FTTHà upto the Home à “Hybrid” FTTH

Why: hybrid has possible techno-economic advantages• may save costs for digging/installation when copper can be reused• may save installation time, so faster roll-out



2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTHDigging and drilling:

- Too expensive- Not allowed in historical areas- Inconvenient in shopping area



Hybrid FTTH (with G.Fast) brings opportunities• Less digging and drilling• Shortens installation time• Does not disturb customers• Allows for self-install in premises

(No appointment needed)• Postpones huge investment



Cost effective compared to Full FTTH!




Hybrid FTTH reduces the amount of digging / drilling

• Digging in historic city centers is a problem• Digging in busy shopping streets is a problem

Quick-win

Example use case #1 – Dense areas




In the past considered as the ideal Full FTTH scenario

• Full FTTH in practice far more complicated then aimed• Drilling in floors of all stacked meter closets, all in one day!• “Not in my Home” and “Not at Home” problems

G.fastnode

Quick-win

Example use case #2 – High rise buildings




“Flashnet” was aimed at the ideal Full FTTH scenario

• Aimed for replacing copper by fiber in the future• But in practice it does not work that easy

Quick-win

Example use case #3 – “Flashnet”

Copper cable Tubes, with copper cables

Empty tube, aimed for fiber in the future MOKAP

Roughly 300 000 connections scattered all over the Netherlands




Expected deployment strategy:• A mix between Hybrid and Full FTTH• Use Hybrid FTTH where attractive• Otherwise stay with VDSL, migrate to Full FTTH or

skip

Example use case ##– many others (country specific)

• From street poles (BT)

• Single Fiber extension (Orange)

• Mobile back hauling (Ericsson)

• etc

Various operators communicated

their use-cases in BBF



Can we transportup to 1 Gb/s

via telephony wiring?

Question in 2009



3. Multiport cable measurement setup, up to 500 MHz

Measurement setup




Measurement setup

Key problem:Instrument does not measure what I would like to know!

reference plane




Measurement setup

schematic diagram

multi-port network analyzer

1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8

adaptor adaptortestloop

referenceplane

referenceplane

(c) TNO

ERROR

ERROR

reference plane




Measurement setup

use known networks to measurethe errors, and to correct for itvia software post-processing …

solve 140 equations to find 48 unknown(for each frequency)


1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8


referenceplane

referenceplane

(c) TNO

CalSet("Loads")("Opens")(many "Thrus")

ERROR

ERROR

reference plane




Measurement setup calibration set, for error correction


1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8


referenceplane

referenceplane

(c) TNO


ERROR

ERROR

use known networks ….reference plane




Measurement setup calibration set, for error correction


1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8


referenceplane

referenceplane

(c) TNO


ERROR

ERROR

use known networks ….



4. Characterizing the copper environment

232m, CAT5, 4 twisted-pairs 61m, CAT5, 4 twisted-pairs

• CAT5-quality• 4 twisted-pairs• shielded• intended for Gb Ethernet networks




0 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M 300M 350M 400M 450M 500M-80

-60

-40

-20

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced Transmission - (CAT5, 10-61-232m, Shielded)

(c) TNO 2010

dif f erential mode

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G-80

-60

-40

-20

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced Transmission - (CAT5, 10-61-232m, Shielded)

(c) TNO 2010

dif f erential mode

Balanced Transmission:

5.7 dB / 100m @ 10MHz18.6 dB / 100m @ 100MHz




Balanced EL-FEXT Crosstalk:much better then “excellent”

0 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M 300M-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (CAT5, 232m, Shielded)

(c) TNO 2010

measured (dif f mode)

model, nwc:(Kxf =-37.4dB, Len=232m)model, excellent:(nwc-24dB)

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (CAT5, 232m, Shielded)

(c) TNO 2010

measured (dif f mode)model, nwc:(Kxf =-37.4dB, Len=232m)

model, excellent:(nwc-24dB)

Theoretical bitrates (in 2010): use of VDSL2, 30 MHz spectra:use of 2 bonded pairs (“quads”)use of classic simulation models• 50m à >500 Mb/s • 200m à >460 Mb/smore with dedicated DSL / G.hn




• 30 twisted-quads (2×2 pair)• shielded• telephony wiring for buildings

interconnection with measurement setup 525m on a drum




0 10M 20M 30M 40M 50M 60M 70M 80M 90M 100M-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced Transmission - (TelCable/30q, 525m, all)

(c) TNO 2010

dif f erential mode

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced Transmission - (TelCable/30q, 525m, all)

(c) TNO 2010

dif f erential mode


3.5 dB / 100m @ 10MHz13 dB / 100m @ 100MHz

378m

378m




0 10M 20M 30M 40M 50M 60M 70M 80M 90M 100M-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (TelCable/30q, 525m, alien-gw5)

(c) TNO 2010



1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (TelCable/30q, 525m, alien-gw5)

(c) TNO 2010


model, nwc:(Kxf =-37.4dB, Len=525m)

model, excellent:(nwc-24dB)

Balanced EL-FEXT Crosstalk:“excellent” quality

2010 thoughts on bitrates:use of VDSL2, 30 MHz spectra:use of 2 bonded pairs (“quads”)use of classic simulation models• 50m à >350 Mb/s • 200m à >280 Mb/smore with dedicated DSL / G.hn

378m

378m



4. Characterizing the copper environment• fully untwisted• fully undefined “telephony wiring”• unshielded• found in consumer shop “GAMMA”• 25m

25m or 25+25m spread-out on the floor




0 5M 10M 15M 20M 25M 30M 35M 40M 45M 50M-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced Transmission - (Unshielded "GAMMA", 25-50m)

(c) TNO 2010

dif f erential mode

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced Transmission - (Unshielded "GAMMA", 25-50m)

(c) TNO 2010

dif f erential mode


7 dB / 100m @ 10MHz40 dB / 100m @ 100MHz




0 5M 10M 15M 20M 25M 30M 35M 40M 45M 50M-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (Unshielded "GAMMA", 25-50m)

(c) TNO 2010



1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

[Hz]

[dB]

Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (Unshielded "GAMMA", 25-50m)

(c) TNO 2010



Balanced EL-FEXT Crosstalk:“bad” quality




cable splice cable manipulation box

in-house wiring

All kinds of obstacles• Splices• Manipulation boxes




0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

freq:[MHz]

[dB]

Wire-pair Transmission (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),winded)

(c) TNO 2010

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

freq:[MHz]

[dB]

Wire-pair NEXT crosstalk (diff mode + model) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched)

(c) TNO 2010

quad(2ow,2rb)

model of NEXT (FSAN, Kxn=-49.50)model of NEXT, excellent:(nwc-24dB)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

freq:[MHz]

[dB]

Wire-pair EL-FEXT crosstalk (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched)

(c) TNO 2010

quad(2ow,2rb)

model of EL-FEXT (FSAN, Kxf =-37.40, Len=5)model of EL-FEXT, excellent:(nwc-24dB)




0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

freq:[MHz]

[dB]

Wire-pair Transmission (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched)

(c) TNO 2010

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

freq:[MHz]

[dB]


(c) TNO 2010

quad(2ow,2rb)


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

freq:[MHz]

[dB]


(c) TNO 2010

quad(2ow,2rb)





104

105

106

107

108

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

freq [Hz]

[dB]

KPN Cable #1 - Transmission and FEXT

(c) TNO 2013

Transmission

in-quad FEXT

out-of -quad FEXT

Bulk measurements• Spread in cross talk• Difference between

in-quad and out-of-quad




Discovery of new crosstalk behavior• Dual-slope of EL-FEXT• HF crosstalk is higher than

assumed• Simple dual-slope model(Contributed to ITU-T SG15)

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

103

-140

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

freq:[MHz]

[dB]

Wire-pair EL-FEXT crosstalk (diff mode) - (KPN, 100m, out of quad)

(c) TNO 2012104 105 106 107 108

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

freq [Hz]

[dB]

KPN Cable #1 - Transmission and FEXT

(c) TNO 2013

Transmission

in-quad FEXT

out-of -quad FEXT

Introduction of new cable models• Suitable for hundreds of MHz• Causal by nature• Replaces legacy BT model(Contributed to ITU-T SG15)



Can we initiate a standard?

Can we bring the industry into motion?

Questions in 2009



5. The making of Hybrid FTTH with G.fast

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

MUSE Enabling 4GBBCELTIC

HFCC/G.fastCELTIC

DSL seminar:

TNO

FP7

incubation feasibility realisation deployment

2009 2010 2011 2013 2014 2015

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

start of G.fast

San Francisco meeting

revisionsConsent

TNO, 2013

TNO

BBF

BT

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

2012

Approved

Initiation of the G.fast standard



5. The making of Hybrid FTTH with G.fastG.Fast contribution to ITU-T from 4GBB consortium members



5. The making of Hybrid FTTH with G.fastBringing the industry into motion for Hybrid FTTH with G.fast



… And suddenly there was G.fast ….. !2009-2012: Celtic project “Enabling 4GBB”

Current 4GBB Consortium members:

2013-2014: Celtic project “HFCC/G.fast”


origins of g.fast and its role in future ftth...

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