organs immune system 1
TRANSCRIPT
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THE ORGANS OF THE THE ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEMIMMUNE SYSTEM
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Lymphocytes
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Lymphocytes
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SOURCE OF LYMPHOCYTES
Fetus
PrimaryLymphoid
OrgansSecondaryLymphoid
Organs
Adult
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SOURCE OF LYMPHOCYTES
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SOURCE OF LYMPHOCYTES
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HUMAN THYMUS
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PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGANSTHYMUS (T cell maturation)
(> lymphocytes)
(< lymphocytes)
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The functional thymus consists of two cell populations; the stromal cells and the thymocytes. The stromal cells include (1) the subcapsular epithelial cells; (2) the cortical epithelial cells; (3) the medullary epithelial cells; (4) macrophages; and (5) dendritic cells of bone marrow origin. (From Kierszenbaum AL: Histology and cell biology: an introduction to pathology, St Louis, 2002, Mosby.)
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MHC-dependiente
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Effects of Adult Thymectomy on Immune Response
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CHICKEN THYMUS AND BURSA OF FABRICIUS
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BURSA OF FABRICIUS(B cell maturation)
follicle
lumen
CortexCortex(lymphocytes, M(lymphocytes, MØ,Ø,
plasma cells)plasma cells)
medullamedulla
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Group I (90% Ileum)
Ruminants, Pigs, Horses,Dogs, Humans.
Group II Illeum/Jejunum)
Rabbits, Rodents.
PEYER’S PATCHES
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When stimulated by antigen, immunoglobulin A (IgA)-producing B cells are produced in inductive sites, such as the Peyer’s patches.
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The role of M cells as antigen-processing cells in the intestinal wall. Antigen that enters enterocytes is usually rapidly degraded in lysosomes. Antigen that enters M cells is not degraded. It may be presented directly to intraepithelial lymphocytes within the M.
Yersinia, M. tuberculosis, Listeria,reovirus, Salmonella.
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Structure of the two different types of Peyer’s patch (PP) in sheep. A, An ileal PP at age 8 weeks. B, A PP from the jejunum, also at 8 weeks. Original magnification ×32. (From Reynolds JD, Morris B: Eur J Immunol 13:631, 1983.)
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SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANSLYMPH NODE
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SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANSLYMPH NODE
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(B cells)
(stimulated)
(T cells)
(unstimulated)
(B cells, macrophages, plasma cells)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANSLYMPH NODE
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secondarysecondaryfolliclefollicle
primaryprimaryfolliclefollicle
medullamedulla
subcapsularsubcapsularsinussinus
dendriticdendriticcellscells
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANSLYMPH NODE
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Circulation of Lymphocytes
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Lymph Movement.ram
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HIGH ENDOTHELIAL VENULES
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HIGH ENDOTHELIAL VENULES
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HIGH ENDOTHELIAL VENULES
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RP
WPB cell follicle
PLS
Marginal Zone
SPLEENSPLEEN
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SPLEEN
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PERIARTERIOLAR LYMPHOID SHEATS (PALS)
B cells
T cells
arteriole
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In Summary
• Specialized tissues (secondary lymphoid organs) concentrate Ag that were introduced through the physical barriers.
• Naïve cells migrate through SLO, where they recognize Ag and initiate an immune response.
• Effector and memory lymphocytes circulate in the blood and to SLO.