organization and legal basis of public health
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Organization and Legal Basis of Public Health. Objectives. Describe legal responsibilities and limitations of the public health professional. Describe the general organization of public health at the federal, state, and local levels. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Organization and Legal Basisof Public Health
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Objectives
• Describe legal responsibilities and limitations of the public health professional.
• Describe the general organization of public health at the federal, state, and local levels.
• Describe how your jurisdiction or job fits into the big picture.
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Public Health v. Personal Freedoms
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Public Health v. Personal Freedoms
Typhoid Mary
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Public Health v. Personal Freedoms
Vaccination
Mandatory Reporting
Inspection & Licensure
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Public Health v. Personal Freedoms
Public Nuisances
November 9, 1915
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Legal Basis
• U.S. Constitution
• Bill of Rights
• State Constitution
• Federal and State
• Statutes
• Regulations
• Case law
Responsibilities
Authorities
Limitations
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Due Process
Fair notice
Opportunity tobe heard
Clear procedures
Fairness in the procedural application of the law:
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Equal Protection
Laws must be applied evenhandedly
People in similar situations must be treated similarly
Show no favoritism
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Privacy
Governmental intrusion must be warranted
Individual Privacy vs. Protection of Population
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Government Must Act…
Fairly
According to clear procedures
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Organizational Structure
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Federal Agencies
• Health Resources and Services
• Food and Drug Administration
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• National Institutes of Health
• Office of Public Health Preparedness (OPHP)
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State Agencies
• Structure varies by state
• Centralized vs. local control
• NY & NJ “Home Rule” states
Main legal authority for public health
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Legal Authorities
The governmental level with highest authority has the ultimate power.
Federal RuleFederal Regulation
Local RuleLocal Regulation
State RuleState Regulation
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Duties of Local Health Agencies
• Communicable disease control
• Chronic disease prevention and control
• Environmental health
• Maternal and child health
• Vital records
• Emergency planning and response
• Community health care planning
• Community health education
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How Do You Fit In?
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Functions of Law
• Regulates conduct
• Protects individual and property rights
• Defines the duties and responsibilities of government and individuals
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Legal versus Practical
• Search for the zone of agreement
• Be open, honest, and empathetic
• Negotiate & Communicate
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Functions of Public Health
• Don’t abuse your
• Power
• Authority
• Ask yourself
• Is is legal for me to do this?
• Is it ethical for me to do this?
• Understand how you fit in
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Points to Remember
• Know what you enforce
• Seek assistance
• Act in good faith
• Respect the public’s trust
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Liability
• MALFEASANCE
• The commission of an unlawful act
• MISFEASANCE
• Improper performance of an act which a person might lawfully do
• NONFEASANCE
• Nonperformance of an act which should be performed; omission to perform a required duty or total neglect of duty
Can you get sued?
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Case Study