organisational safety and health lecture 1

8/10/2019 Organisational Safety and Health Lecture 1

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ORGANISATIONAL SAFETY A

HEALTH


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LEARNING OUTCOMESAt the end of the sections, participants will appreciate the Health and S

Act and related work and safety legislation. This presentation cover

The Health and Safety at Work (The HASAW) Act (1974)

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH)

Benefits of Occupational Health and Safety Act

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH)

Key Elements of Health and Safety Management System

Implications of Health and Safety Legislations


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INTRODUCTION

ILOconstitution stipulates that workers should be protected f

disease and injury arising from their employment.

A safe, orderly, and efficient working environment is a key

operation.

However, when people feel threaten or unsafe in any envi

natural reaction is to flee.

Workplace safety and health laws seek to institute regulation

eliminate personal injuries and illnesses from taking place at the


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The HASAW Act (1974) places responsibilities of a gene

employers, employees, the self-employed, providers of w

manufacturers of work equipment including a provision fo

more detailed Regulations in specific areas of health and

THE HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK ACT (1


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THE ROLE OF KEY PLAYERS IN IMPLEMENTING HEALTH AND SA

Section 2 of the HASAW Act imposesgeneralduties of employers to their em

states that 'it shall be the duty of every employer to ensure, so far as it

practical and safe, the health, safety and welfare at work of all his employe

the following: Make assessments of the risks to the health and safety of employ

Conduct risk assessments if five or more people employed;

Appoint safety representatives;

Provide and maintain plant, that is so far as is reasonably practica

Provide a written statement of policy; and

Provide training and PPE where appropriate.

Under Section 3, generalduties of employers and selfemployed to persons other th

the Act requires every employer and self-employed person to conduct their undertaking

ensure, so far as is reasonably practical that persons not in their employment are not

their health or safety.


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o Health and safety issues should considered as

governance issue that involves every aspect of the

Thus, the top to the bottom, all must show not just conc

and safety but also live and practice it as well.

o Goodsafety culture is a work environment where all m

organisation share a high safety ethic.

NOTE


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The board should set the direction for effective health and safety manageme

need to establish a health and safety policy that is much more than a docum

an integral part of the organisationsculture, of its values and performance sta

The Board can do this by ensuring that:

Health and safety appear regularly on the agenda for board meetings

The chief executive can give the clearest visibility of leadership, an

their members as the health and safetychampion;

The presence on the board of a health and safety director can be a s

issue is being taken seriously and that its strategic importance is und

The Board must set targets helping at defining what the board is seek

The Board


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Healthand safety is

integral to success.

Board members who

do not show

leadership in this

area are failing in

their duty as

directors and theirmoral duty, and are

damaging their

organisation.

Board leve

involvement isessential part o

21st Century tra

ethic. Attitude

health and sa

are determinedthe bosses, not t

organisationss

Quotes from health and safety leaders in the public and pri


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The Management

The management has to put in place reasonable practical steps to ensure the h

employees, customers and members of the public.

Effective leadership: if visible board members can reinforce health and safety po

on the shop floor, following all safety measures themselves and address

immediately.

Some of the strategies that can be used include::

Effective monitoring of sickness, absence, and workplace health can underlying problems that could seriously damage performance or resu

long-term illness;

Provide health and safety training to both new and existing staff

understanding and knowledge of key health and safety issues within the


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The Management Contd

Some of the strategies that can be used include::

Displaying written statement of policy and a wide range of manua

safety issues.

Effective monitoring system: regular collection of workplace health a

enable the board benchmark the organisations performance aga

sector;

Continuous assessment of the risk as well as the health and safety of

Appraisals of senior managers to include an assessment of their con

and safety performance.

Appoint safety representatives at the lower levels of the organisation

culture in the business.


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OHS Act provides a statutory framework for promoting and improving

of occupational health, safety and welfare of employees in both public

sector.

In 1997 the ISO decided not to develop an OHSMS standard. As a res

countries have developed their own.

Ghana has no national body, policy nor process that governs OccupaHealth management (Annan, 2013).

Ghana has different agencies under different jurisdictions which monit

industries for workplace and employee safety (Annan, 2013).

Occupational Health and Safety Act (OS


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Currently, two major edicts provided guidance in the provision o

industrial safety and health services, practice and management in Ghan

These include the Factories, Offices and Shops Act 1970, Act 328 a

Regulations 1970 LI 665, but these have only driven the mining and th

and are therefore very limited in scope, given the multifaceted distribut

operations that we have in Ghana. There is the WorkmensCompens

(PNDC 187) which relates to compensation for personal injuries cause

at work and hence, indirectly impacts on monitoring worker / workplace

OSH Contd


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Even though Ghana does not have a national policy on Occupational He

the Ghana Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651) has made provision for Occupat

Safety.

Part XV Section 118 of the Labour Act, 2003 stated the responsibility

provide a safe and healthy working environment and obligation on em

safety appliances provided by the employer in compliance of theemploy

The OHS activities stated under the Act 328 include, creating safe work and

and promoting the safety, health and welfare of employees in order to ensure e

of human capabilities thereby promoting increased productivity.

OSH Contd


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WHY IS OHS AN ESSENTIAL PART OF GOOD BU Occupational health and safety (OHS) is good for business as well as

and social obligation


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Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COS

COSHH is a UK statutory Instrument that states general requirement o

protect employees and other persons from the hazards of subst

hazardous chemicals used at work by risk assessment, control of esurveillance and incident planning.

Hazardous chemicals refer to any chemical for which evaluation is p

chemical for which evaluation is performed by the manufacturer/impor

the Materials Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), indicates it is hazardous.

Hazardous Chemicals also refer those chemicals that have import res

licenses and permits are needed before they are imported, trans

managed and controlled.

Employers must draw health and safety policies regarding the mana

and storage of hazardous chemicals giving direction as to what to do.


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Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSH

The regulation six (6) of COSHH requires that before any work

within the hazardous chemical storage environment, risk ass

review of existing risk assessment for preventing; controlling

exposure to an adequate level must be carried out.

Mandatory requirement for an employer to provide persoequipment (PPE) in all forms to the employee.


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Health and safety legislations and COSHH stipulate that employer provi

supervision to the employees in the following areas:

Provide supervision ensure that work procedures that are f

employee safety at the hazardous chemical facility.

Inform employees about what the hazards and risk are, so as

minimized exposure

Explain any early signs of outbreaks and pandemics for precaution

that workers are not affected or treated if affected.

Supervise storage and inventory record keeping thereby ensuring pr

Toolbox talks emergency procedures, safe handling procedur

keeping, and cleaning up spills correctly among others.

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSH


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KEY ELEMENTS OF HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT

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Policy

Effective health and safety policies set

organisation to follow.

Organising

An effective management structure and arr

delivering the policy.

Planning

There is a planned and systematic approach to imppolicy through an effective health and sa

Measuring PerformaPerformance is measured against agreed standa

improvement is need

Auditing and Reviewing of P

The organisation learns from all relevant ex

lessons


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Group Exercise

Discuss in detail the implications of health and safety legis

organisation.


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The implications of health and safety legislation on organisations cou

from three perspectives:

Legal: non-adherence to the legal requirements means breaking the l

has several implications ramifications for the organisation etc.

Economic: high cost of insurance premiums, cost of occupational acc

payment of additional wages for injured staff replacement etc.

Socio-cultural: loss of goodwill, reputation and confidence from the ge

accidents and incidents are rampant and are made public etc.

Implications of Health and Safety Legisl


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REFERENCES

Annan J.S., (2013). Occupational & industrial safety & health in Ghana. Retrieve

from

http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=197916

Health and Safety Commission (2006). Health and safety statistics 2005/06. Sud

UK.

Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, s.18

ILO (2012). Occupational safety and health. Retrieved August 7, 2014, from

http://www.ilo.org/global/standards/subjects-covered-by-international-labour-standa

safety-and-health/lang--en/index.htm.

Health and Safety Executive, (2005). Retrieved August 7,

www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdf.

Control of substances hazardous to health in the production of pottery Approved Co

HSE Books 1995.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdfhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/puns/indg401.pdf


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hank youhank you

organisational safety and health lecture 1

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