organic thin-film transistorsstatic.sif.it/sif/resources/public/files/congr/mc2008/torsi_08.pdf ·...
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SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
Organic ThinOrganic Thin--Film Transistors Film Transistors with with
enhanced sensing capabilitiesenhanced sensing capabilities
L. TorsiL. Torsi, D. Angione, F. Marinelli and F. Palmisano, D. Angione, F. Marinelli and F. Palmisano
Dipartimento di Chimica - Università di Bari - (Italy)
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analyte
A. Tsumura, H. A. Tsumura, H. KoezukaKoezuka and T. Ando, Appl. Phys. and T. Ando, Appl. Phys. LettLett., 49, 1210, 1986 (1., 49, 1210, 1986 (1°° OTFT)OTFT)H. H. LaursLaurs and G. and G. HeilandHeiland, , ThinThin SolidSolid FilmsFilms 149 (1987) 129149 (1987) 129--142 (142 (11°° OTFT sensor)OTFT sensor)
A. A. AssadiAssadi, G. , G. GustafssonGustafsson, M. , M. WillanderWillander, C. , C. SvenssonSvensson, O. , O. InganasInganas, , SynthSynth. Met. 37 (1990) 123. Met. 37 (1990) 123
L. Torsi, A. Dodabalapur, L. Sabbatini, P.G. Zambonin, L. Torsi, A. Dodabalapur, L. Sabbatini, P.G. Zambonin, Sensors and Actuators B., 67, 312, 2000.Sensors and Actuators B., 67, 312, 2000.
Organic TFT sensorsOrganic TFT sensors
Ids
gategate
Vg
dielectricdielectric
Vds
⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ⊕sourcesource draindrain
conducting channel
organicorganic semiconductorsemiconductor
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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OTFT pressure sensor: toward OTFT pressure sensor: toward artificial skin artificial skin
T. Someya, T. Sekitani, S. Iba, Y. Kato, H. Kawaguki, T. Sakurai, PNAS, 101, 9966, 2004.
Prof. T. Someya University of Tokyo
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DHDH--αα6T OTFT6T OTFT
0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -1000
-20
-40
-60
-80
Vg = - 0VVg = - 40V
Vg = - 60V
Vg = - 80V
Vg = - 100VI ds
(μA)
Vds(V)20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80-100
0,000
0,002
0,004
0,006
0,008
0,010
0,012
squa
re ro
ot -
I ds (A
)
Vg (V)
Vt= -1.72 Vμ= 0.095 cm2/V s
(b)(a)
0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -1000
-20
-40
-60
-80
Vg = - 0VVg = - 40V
Vg = - 60V
Vg = - 80V
Vg = - 100VI ds
(μA)
Vds(V)20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80-100
0,000
0,002
0,004
0,006
0,008
0,010
0,012
squa
re ro
ot -
I ds (A
)
Vg (V)
Vt= -1.72 Vμ= 0.095 cm2/V s
(b)(a)
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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DHDH--αα6T morphology6T morphologyDHα-6T
90 nm 200 nm 400 nm
500 nm 500 nm500 nm
100 nm100 nm100 nm
Organic Thin-Film Transistors with Enhanced Sensing Capabilities.M. Daniela Angione, Francesco Marinelli, Antonio Dell’Aquila, Alessandro Luzio, Bruno Pignataro and Luisa Torsi. Proceedings symposium e-MRS 2008 in press
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
Grain surface
EB
GBC μμμ111
+=
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛−∝
kTEB
GB expμ
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20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -1000
-10-20-30-40-50-60
ΔI
(a)
I ds(μ
A)
Vg(V)
N2
Butanol
20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100
10-8
10-7
10-6
1x10-5
1x10-4
(b)
|I ds(A
)|
Vg(V)
N2 Butanol
0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -1000
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
(c)
N2
I ds (μ
A)
Vds (V) 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -1000
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50(d)Butanol
I ds (μ
A)
Vds (V)
DHDH--αα6T / butanol6T / butanol
Trans-characteristicsin butanol
TransTrans--characteristicscharacteristicsin butanolin butanol
Tran-characterisics in N2
TranTran--characterisicscharacterisics in in NN22
Sensing measurements on OTFTSensing measurements on OTFT
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12-18-17-16-15-14-13-12-11-10-9-8-7-6-5
ΔI(n
A)
# of replicates
ΔI(nA) (+)citronellolo
average =-8,58nA
StndStnd devdev < 2%< 2%
Response repeatabilityResponse repeatability
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
0 10 20
Cyc
le n
umbe
r
time (sec)
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
60
40
20
0
dDDα6T / 1-hexanol, on current
I ana
lyte
(μA
) -1.0
-0.5
0.020100
time (sec)
dDDα6T/1-hexanol, Vds = -5V
Vg = -5V
Vg = -4VVg = -3VVg = -2VVg = -1VVg = 0V
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SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
The role of grainThe role of grain boundaries boundaries
Correlation between Correlation between OligothiopheneOligothiophene Thin Film Transistor Morphology and Vapor Responses L. Torsi, AThin Film Transistor Morphology and Vapor Responses L. Torsi, A. J. . J. Lovinger, B. Crone, T. Someya, A. Dodabalapur, E. Katz, A. GelpeLovinger, B. Crone, T. Someya, A. Dodabalapur, E. Katz, A. Gelperin, Journal of Phys. Chem. B, 2002, 106, 12563rin, Journal of Phys. Chem. B, 2002, 106, 12563
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2D Field2D Field--induced conductance induced conductance
0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8 5 10 15 20 40 45 50
Fiel
d-ef
fect
Con
dutta
nce
(S)
Vg(V)
M.C. Tanese et al. , Thin Solid Films, 516, 3263–3269, (2008)
A. Dodabalapur, L. Torsi and H.E. Katz, Science 268, 270, 1995
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
SSiO2
DSOSOS
G
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SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
Device Operation regimesDevice Operation regimes
(a)
Gatecontact
GateDielectr.
p-typeactivelayer
LUMO
HOMO
VGS = 0
+ +
(c)
VGS> 0depletion mode
Ψs
+ +
(b)
VGS< 0accumulation mode
Ψs
+ + + + ++
2D-transport region
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2D sensing response2D sensing response
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35012345678
ΔI(n
A)
β-Citronellol [ppm]
95 nm 290 nm 470 nm 950 nm
Vgs = -50 V
GG
SiOSiO22
SiSi
SS DD
•• EllipsometryEllipsometry: : no swellingno swelling•• QCM: QCM: mass upmass up--taketake
•• EEaa increases upon exposure to analyteincreases upon exposure to analyte(A. Dodabalapur.(A. Dodabalapur. et al. et al. SPIE Optics and PhotonicsSPIE Optics and Photonics 2007 2007 -- 2626--30 August, San Diego, CA)30 August, San Diego, CA)
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Sensing mechanism Sensing mechanism
Highly doped Si substrate2SiO2
S DG
Ids
t
Ids
Vgs
Vgs
Vds
Grain surface
EB
Vds & Vgs = const
Vds = const
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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0 -20 -40 -60 -800
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
ΔI
N2
(S)(S)--((--))--ββ--citronellolcitronellol
0 -20 -40 -60 -80
10-11
1x10-10
1x10-9
1x10-8
|I (A
)|
Vg(V)
I ds(n
A)
| ΔI|
(A)
Vg (V)
(a)
(b)
0 -20 -40 -60 -80
10-9
10-10
Trans-characteristics in
citronellol
TransTrans--characteristicscharacteristics in in
citronellolcitronellol
ΔΙ responseΔΙΔΙ responseresponse
Tran-characterisics in N2
TranTran--characterisicscharacterisics in in NN22
Vds = -40 V
Sensing measurements on OTFTSensing measurements on OTFT
30 ppm Citronellol
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
L. Torsi, G.M. Farinola et al, L. Torsi, G.M. Farinola, M.C. Tanese, O. Hassan Omar, L. Valli, F. Babudri, F. Palmisano, P.G. Zambonin & F. Naso. Nature Materials 7 (5), 412-417 (2008)
Patent Filed FT/TS/GV/ds/06578D53
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PTA OTFT sensor for citronellolPTA OTFT sensor for citronellol
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350,0
-0,5
-1,0
-1,5
-2,0
-2,5
-3,0
ΔI (n
A)
β-citronellol [ppm]
PTA / citronellolPTA / citronellol
Vg = -100 V
Analytes: Citronellolenantiomers
OH OH
(+) (-)
Receptor: amino acid
(R)-(+)-β-citronellol(R)(R)--(+)(+)--ββ--citronellolcitronellol
(S)-(-)-β-citronellol(S)(S)--((--))--ββ--citronellolcitronellol
RacemateRacemateRacemate
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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Receptor: glucose
Analytes: Carvone
(+) (-)
PTG OTFT sensor for PTG OTFT sensor for carvonecarvone
PTG / PTG / carvonecarvone
Vg = -100 V
0 20 40 60 80 1000
-2-4-6-8
-10-12-14
carvone (ppm)
ΔI (
nA)
(S)-(+)-carvone(S)(S)--(+)(+)--carvonecarvone
(R)-(-)-carvone(R)(R)--((--))--carvonecarvone
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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Sensitivity enhancementSensitivity enhancement
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
-2.5 (R)-(+)-β-citronellol (S)-(-)-β-citronellol
ΔI
(nA
)
β-citronellol [ppm]
responses @ fixed gate bias
20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -1001E-14
1E-13
1E-12
1E-11
1E-10
(R)-(+)-β-citronellol(S)-(-)-β-citronellol
m (A
/ppm
)
Vg (V)
sensitivity vs. gate bias
three order of magnitude enhancement !!!
m
L. Torsi, G.M. Farinola et al, Nature Materials 7 (5), 412-417 (2008)
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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DHDH--αα6T / butanol6T / butanol
20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100
1E-13
1E-12
1E-11
1E-10
1E-9
m (A
/ppm
)
Vg (V)
L = 0.2 mm L = 1 mm
L. Torsi F. Marinelli, M. D. Angione, A. Dell’Aquila, N. Cioffi, E. De Giglio and L. Sabbatini, submitted 2008
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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Role of contact resistanceRole of contact resistance
GG
SiOSiO22
SiSi
SS DD
RRchchRRcc
DHDH--αα6T6T
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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RRchch and and RRcc: transfer line method (N: transfer line method (N22))
GGS DS D
Si Si
SiOSiO22DHDH--a6Ta6T
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00
2
4
6
8
Vg=-20 V Vg= -40 V Vg= -60 V Vg=-80 V Vg= -100 V
RW
(MΩ
cm
)
Channel Lenght - (mm)
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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RRchch and and RRcc: transfer line method : transfer line method (Butanol)(Butanol)
DHDH--a6Ta6T
GGS DS D
Si Si
SiOSiO22
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00
2
4
6
8
Vg= -20 V Vg= -40 V Vg= -60 V Vg= -80 V Vg=-100V
RW
(MΩ
cm
)Channel Lenght - (mm)
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DHDH--αα6T / butanol6T / butanol
-20 -40 -60 -80 -100
0.1
1
L=0.2 mm L=0.6 mm L=1 mm ΔRc
ΔR(M
Ω)
Vg(V)SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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DHDH--αα6T / butanol6T / butanol
20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100
1E-13
1E-12
1E-11
1E-10
1E-9
m (A
/ppm
)
Vg (V)
L = 0.2 mm L = 1 mm
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
L. Torsi F. Marinelli, M. D. Angione, A. Dell’Aquila, N. Cioffi, E. De Giglio and L. Sabbatini, submitted 2008
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What will the future be like?What will the future be like?AffymaxAffymax DNA chipDNA chip
http://http://bmel.korea.ac.kr/image/intro_fig_5_4.gifbmel.korea.ac.kr/image/intro_fig_5_4.gif
Low cost, low power, disposable electronic sensing system Low cost, low power, disposable electronic sensing system Implemented on flex substrate (plastic, fabric, paper)Implemented on flex substrate (plastic, fabric, paper)
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08
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••OTFT sensor are very sensitive devices: enantiomeric OTFT sensor are very sensitive devices: enantiomeric differential detection @ ppm differential detection @ ppm
•• Gate induced sensitivity enhancementGate induced sensitivity enhancement•• Excellent repeatability but reproducibility is still an Excellent repeatability but reproducibility is still an
issueissue•• Spurious effects are under controlSpurious effects are under control
•• Future is likely to be in allFuture is likely to be in all--electronic disposable bioelectronic disposable bio--systems on cheap & flex substratessystems on cheap & flex substrates
ConclusionsConclusions
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RingraziamentiRingraziamenti
G.PG.P Suranna, G. Romanazzi, P. Suranna, G. Romanazzi, P. MastrorilliMastrorilli e C. F. Nobilee C. F. NobileDipartimento di Ingegneria delle Acque e di Chimica – Politecnico di Bari
A. LuzioA. Luzio11 and B. Pignataroand B. Pignataro221 PLAST_ICS - Superlab - Consorzio Catania Ricerche - Catania
2 Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica - Università degli Studi di Palermo - Palermo
G.M. Farinola, P. Iliade, H. G.M. Farinola, P. Iliade, H. HassanHassan Omar, F. Babudri, F. NasoOmar, F. Babudri, F. NasoDipartimento di Chimica - Università degli Studi di Bari
G. G. GiancaneGiancane and L. Valliand L. ValliUniversità del Salento. Lecce
MIUR MIUR -- PRIN 04 PRIN 04 -- 20040340212004034021
SIF – XCIV Congresso Nazionale – Genova 23.09.08