organic chemistry the study of carbon- based molecules, and molecules made by living things
TRANSCRIPT
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
THE STUDY OF CARBON-BASED MOLECULES, and
molecules made by living things
Proteins
Basics
•Structural molecule of life
– The reason DNA exists (code for making protein)
Proteins
Basics
•Structural molecule of life
– The reason DNA exists (code for making protein)
Proteins
Basics
•Structural molecule of life
– The reason DNA exists (code for making protein)
•Increase reaction speed (enzymes)
• McGraw Hill – ANIMATION
Shape determines function
• Shape determines their function– What would impact
shape of protein molecules?
The building blocks of proteins:
Amino acids
WHY IS C SO SPECIAL?
• 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS!!!!
WHY IS C SO SPECIAL?
• 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS!!!!
4 valence electrons is important because…
–Bonds with many other elements, including other carbons• Result: huge, complex molecules)
4 groups of organic compounds
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Nucleic acids
• Proteins
4 organic compoundsOrganic
compoundMonomer
nameLabeledDiagram
Polymer name
Example (if relevant)
Function
Carbo-hydrates
Lipids x x
Nucleic acids x
Proteins
How do molecules become big and
complex?
POLYMERIZATION
• When you link up monomers (individual molecular unit), you get polymers– The process is called
polymerization– Giant molecules are
also called macromolecules
Polymers Monomers
• Carbohydrates– a.k.a.polysaccharides
• Lipids
• Nucleic acids– Ex. DNA, RNA
• Proteins– a.k.a.polypeptide chains
• Monosacharrides
• N/A
• Nucleotides
• Amino acids
POLYMERIZATION terms:
• Dehydration synthesis: when monomers join together to synthesize polymers, and get dehydrated in the process
• Hydrolysis: when a polymer is broken into its monomers, and gets hydrated with water molecules in the process
Polymerization Animation links
• McGraw Hill – with enzymes
• Bonding Animation