organelles little organs of the cell. endoplasmic reticulum e.r. is a complex system of membranes....
TRANSCRIPT
Organelles
Little organs of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum• E.R. is a complex system of
membranes.
• These membranes help to transport materials around in the cell.
• Acts like a highway system.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum• Membranes do NOT have ribosomes
attached to them.
Smooth E.R. membranes are where * synthesis of lipids
* steroids are produced (gland cells)* toxic substances (alcohol) are broken
down (liver cells)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum• Ribosomes attached to the membranes
give a “rough” appearance
• Proteins are produced on the ribosomes and then transferred through the rough e.r. membranes
Golgi Apparatus
• Series of membranes that aid in – 1. processing– 2. modifying– 3. packaging and secreting (exporting
proteins)
Lysosomes
• Small spherical (round) organelles that store strong hydrolytic (acidic) enzymes.
• Lysosomes are common in animals, protists and fungal cells.
• Enzymes can digest (breakdown):a. Bacteria, viruses, sugars, proteins, and old worn out cell parts.
Vacuoles: Plants
• Plants: Large central vacuole
• Takes up the majority of the space in the plant cell.– Stores large quantities of water– Stores metabolic waste products– Stores enzymes
Nucleolus• Spherical area inside the nucleus where
ribosomes are produced
Flagella• Structure on cell that helps in movement
• Whip-like structure