organ is ing

8/3/2019 Organ is Ing

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By Prof Navneet Kaur


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Process of Organizing


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Meaning of OrganizationOrganization as a process:

Organizing is the process through which managersidentify what work needs to be done to accomplish thegoals laid out in the planning process, divide workamongst units and individuals, and then co-ordinate

the divided efforts so that the goals can beaccomplished.


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Span ofManagement/Span of Control

Meaning & Importance

y Span of control refers to the number of subordinates who can besupervised and managed effectively.

y It is always desirable to limit the span of control. The number shouldnot be too large, or too small.

y There is also a relationship between span of management andorganizational structure. A narrow span of management results in atall organization with many levels of supervision.


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What is an Appropriate Span?

The span of control of a superior can be affected by anumber of factors such as:

Type of Work.

Ability of the Manager.

Ability of the Employees.

Level ofManagement.Economic Considerations.

Faith & Trust in Subordinates.


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Departmentalization

y Another fundamental characteristic of organization

structure is departmentalization, which is the basis forgrouping positions into departments and departments intothe total organization.

y

Departmentation is grouping of jobs, processes andresources into logical units to perform some organizationaltask.


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DepartmentalizationThere are several bases for departmentalization, each of which is suitable

for particular corporate sizes, strategies and purposes. Given below is

the brief description of these bases:

y Departmentation by Functions.

y Departmentation by Process.

y Departmentation by Products.

y Departmentation by Customers.

y Departmentation by Geographical Location.


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Organization Structurey Organization structure refers to a pattern of relationships

among individual and departments in an organization. It isa framework through which the organization operates.

y There are certain factors that influence the organizationalstructure. Some of these factors are:

Objectives.

Size of the Organization.

People.

Technology.

Environment.


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Types of Organizational Structure

There are basically two types of structures:

y CLASSICALOrganization structure is usually pyramid-shaped. This implies centralization of authority at the top,departmentalization of jobs, hierarchy of command,narrow span of supervision and intense division of labour.

y ORGANIC structure has generally wider span of controlwhich give rise to a flat form, more general supervision andmore decentralisation.There is little specialization andhierarchy of command.


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Tall Organization

y In such a structure, a manager can supervise only a few

subordinate and therefore is in a position to exercise tightcontrol over their activities.

y This structure results in creation of a large number of levelsin an organization.

y This is also referred to as a narrow span of control.


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Flat Organization

This refers to structures with a wide span of control.When one superior can manage to supervise a largenumber of subordinates, a flat structure is createdwith lesser number of hierarchical levels.


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Matrix Structure

CEO

Vice PresidentEngineering

Vice President

Finance

Vice President

Purchasing

Vice President

Sales and

Marketing

Vice President

Research and

Development

Product A

Manager

Product B

Manager

Product C

Manager

Product D

Manager

Product Team

Two-boss employee


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Thank You

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