oregon state university: brassica research project –hb 2427 · law in effect until january 2,...
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OregonStateUniversity:BrassicaResearchProject– HB2427
CarolMallory-SmithWeedScienceDepartmentofCropandSoilScienceOregonStateUniversity
BoardofAgricultureNovember29,2017
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Background� HouseBill2427passedin2013◦ ProhibitedtheproductionofcanolaintheWillametteValleyProtectedDistrict◦ LawineffectuntilJanuary2,2019◦ DirectedOSUtoconductresearchoncanola
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Research� FieldMonitoring◦ ComparisonofcompatibilityofcanolawiththegrowingofothercropstothecompatibilityofotherBrassica seedwiththegrowingofothercrops.
� Recommendations◦ Developinformationandrecommendationsregardingwhetherandunderwhatconditions,canolaiscompatiblewithothercrops.
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FieldMonitoring
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Fieldmonitoring� Monitoredcanola,foragerape,turnipandradishfields◦ diseases◦ insects◦ volunteers– controlandspread
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Diseases� Biggestissueidentifiedbutnotspecifictocanola.◦ blackleg◦ lightleafspot– newIDinUS◦ whiteleafspot
� Weedsidentifiedasdiseasehosts.
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Insects� Morefleabeetlesinradish� Morepollenbeetlesinradishandturnip
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Volunteers� Morevolunteerradishthancanolaandturnip.
� Underseedingofradishfieldsusuallywithclovermadecontrolmoredifficult.
� Didnotobservespreadfromfields.
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VolunteersRadish
Canola
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Results– FieldMonitoring� Noparametermeasuredwasuniquelydifferentforcanolaversustheotherspeciesmonitoredfordiseases,insectsorvolunteers.
� Theseresultsledtotheconclusionthattheprohibitionoftheproductionofcanolaisunwarrantedwhenothercropsarenot.
� However,cautionagainstextrapolatingresultstoofarbecauseoftimeofstudyandacresmonitored.
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Recommendations� Evaluated◦ canolaproductioninotherareas◦ variousisolationschemesusedfortheproductionofBrassica crops◦ Brassica productionintheWillametteValley
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ProtectedDistricts� Canolaproductiondistrictsvarybystateandcountry.
� OregonandIdahohaveProtectedDistrictswherecanolaisprohibited.
� Washingtondoesnotprohibitcanolaproductionbutdoesrequirethatitbepinned.
� France,NewZealand,andtheUKdonotprohibittheproductionofcanolaorrestrictitsproductiontocertainareas.
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IsolationSchemes� Isolationdistancesaregenerallysetbyconsensuswithintheindustryandarenotthesamefromplacetoplace.
� Oregon,Idaho,NewZealand- pinningBrassica cropsisvoluntary.
� Washington- pinningBrassica cropsrequiredbystatelaw.
� Europe,mappingisrequired;inspectionsensureisolation.
� Pinningsystemsincludingprivate,public,andcombinationsofthetwo.
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Mapping� DatafromWillametteValleySpecialtySeedAssociationwererequiredinordertoconstructmapsthatwouldshowareasofBrassica specialtyseedproductionbyspecies.
� Notallspeciesrequirethesameisolationdistancebutnotpossibletodeterminespeciesfromtheimagesthatwereprovided.
� Becausedatawerenotprovided,amaptodetermineareasthatmightbedesignatedcanolaexclusionzonescouldnotbeproduced.
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AcreageEstimates� DatafromtheUSDAFarmServiceAgencyandtheNationalAgriculturalStatisticsServicewereusedtoestimatetheacreageofBrassica seedproductionintheWillametteValley.
� ThesedataincludenotonlyBrassica vegetableseeddatabutalsootherBrassica crops.
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EstimatedBrassica Acreage
Neithernumberoffieldsnoracreagehasincreasedsince2012.
Year
WVSSABrassicaFields
PredictedBrassicaAcreage
WVSSABrassicaFieldsMinusCanolaFields
WVSSABrassicaAcreageMinusCanolaAcres
2012 225 3,375 - -2013 156 2,340 - -2014 173 2,595 165 2,0952015 175 2,625 166 2,1252016 178 2,670 167 2,1702017 168 2,520 156 2,020
Average 179 2,688 164 2,103
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GrassandWheatAcreage
Year
WVWheatAcreage
WVGrassAcreage
Totalgrass/cerealAcreage
2012 88,400 387,270 475,6702013 62,600 391,690 454,2902014 44,800 392,350 437,1502015 37,300 379,190 416,4902016 33,200 372,320 405,520
Average 53,260 384,564 437,824
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CanolaProduction� Likelythatcanolawouldbeplantedonacreswhereeitherwheatorgrassseedaregrown.
� Withinthe>400,000acreswherethesecropsaregrown,possibletofindacreagewherecanolacouldbegrownwithoutnegativelyimpactingBrassica specialtyseedproduction.
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OptionsConsidered1. Limitingcanolaproductiononaset
numberofacrestobedetermined2. Definingcanolaexclusionzones.3. Allowingunlimitedcanolaproduction.
� RecommendedOption1.� RecommendedthatallBrassica cropsbepinned.◦ Mayrequirelegislation.
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Recommendations� Recommendationswerebasedonmonitoringresults,BrassicaproductionintheWillametteValley,andevaluationofothersystems.
� CanolashouldbetreatedasotherBrassicacropsinthepinningsystem.
� NogeneticorbiologicalreasontotreatcanoladifferentlythanotherBrassica crops.
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Outcomes� ProvidedareportcontaininginformationandrecommendationstotheLegislativeAssemblyonNovember1,2017.
� OregonDepartmentofAgriculturewillprovidefinalrecommendationbySeptember2018.