Orangutans -- Apes

Found in heavily forested areas of Borneo and Sumatra.

Almost completely arboreal.

males = 200 lbs, females = 100 lbs

Pronounced sexual dimorphism.

SolitaryPrincipally FRUGIVOROUS

(fruit-eating).

Gorillas -- Apes

• Largest of the living primates.• Confined to forested regions of

central Africa.• Males can weigh up to 400

pounds, females 200 pounds.• Primarily terrestrial, using a

posture called “knuckle –walking”.

• Groups consist of one large silverback male, a few adult females, and their subadult offspring.

Chimpanzees -- Apes

Found in equatorial Africa. Anatomically similar to

gorillas particularly in limb proportions and upper-body shape.

Locomotion includes knuckle-walking on the ground and brachiation in the trees.

Eat a variety of plant and animal foods.

Large communities of as many as 50 individuals.

Bonobos -- Apes

Only found in an area south of the Zaire River.

Population is believed to only number a few thousand individuals.

Exploit the same foods as chimps, including occasional small mammals.

Male-female bonds constitute the societal core.

Sexuality includes frequent copulations throughout the female's estrous cycle.

Gibbons and Siamangs…also apes!!

Found in the tropical areas of southeast Asia.

Adaptations for brachiation may be related to feeding while hanging from branches.

Diet is largely fruit with leaves, flowers, and insects.

Basic social unit is a monogamous pair and their offspring.

Males and females delineate their territories with whoops and “songs”.

White-White-handed handed GibbonGibbon

SiamangSiamang

Humans (Homo sapiens)

The only living species in the family Hominidae.

Human teeth are typical primate teeth. Two incisors, one canine, two

premolars, and three molars on each side in both upper and lower jaws: 2.1.2.3 (32 teeth total)

Dependence on vision for orientation to the world

Flexible limbs and grasping hands Omnivorous diet Cognitive abilities are the result of

dramatic increases in brain size. Bipedal