oracle db11g on solaris 11 x86_64 using virtualbox

7/23/2019 Oracle DB11g on Solaris 11 x86_64 Using VirtualBox

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Part 0. Introduction to Oracle VirtualBox, Solaris 11.1, DB 11gR2, MS Access2010, LireO!!ice Base, ODB" and #DB"

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-ritten & Pael -ar/&nia

its) '+0

I had some spare time during Christmas and New Year period and I decided to make a short exercise on: Oracle

Solaris 11.1 (x86) manual installation, Oracle Database 11gR2 manual installation and some experiments with

integration of LibreOffice Base (via JDBC driver) and MS Access 2013 on top of MS Windows 8 (for data

manipulation and database frontend application development). Why such a set of products? Well, Solaris is marketed

as the best Unix for Oracle technologies deployment. Moreover, I have experience with GNU/Linux and AIX5L when

it comes to Oracle DB. Why MS Access 2013 and MS Windows 8? I like MS Access for data manipulation, useful

frontends and database application prototyping since the MS Access 97, so I wondered what comes with the newest

version. Same about MS Windows 8 – curiosity. I hope you’ll find the following material useful for your own purposes.

Let’s see what software components are required to start this exercise.

The complete list of required software components covers:

Host side:

Virtualization platform:Oracle VirtualBox 4.2.6

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https://www.virtualbox.org/

https://www.virtualbox.org/





Additional tool:Clone VDI 2.10 (was used to resize the virtual hard drive)

LibreOffice 3.6.4.3 (or newer)

Oracle DB 11gR2 JDBC Drivers (file: ojdbc6.jar)

Guest#1 side:

Operating system:Oracle Solaris 11.1 (x86/64-bit)

DB software:Oracle DB 11gR2

Guest#2 side:

Operating system:MS Windows 8 (RTM, 90-day evaluation version)

DB software:MS Access 2010 (60-day evaluation version)

That’s all. Now we can begin.

https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?t=22422

http://www.libreoffice.org/

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/jdbc-112010-090769.html

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solaris11/downloads/index.html

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/evalcenter/jj554510.aspx

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/products/get-microsoft-access-FX102159812.aspx?WT.mc_id=ODC_ENUS_OATAccessHome_MonTry

https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?t=22422

http://www.libreoffice.org/

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/jdbc-112010-090769.html

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solaris11/downloads/index.html

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/evalcenter/jj554510.aspx

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/products/get-microsoft-access-FX102159812.aspx?WT.mc_id=ODC_ENUS_OATAccessHome_MonTry



Part 1. Oracle VirtualBox 3.2.4 installation and 5irtual (ac*ine creation !or Solaris11.1 and Oracle DB 11gR2

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I doubt that most of us have tons of hardware, especially in the era of virtualization. Today our desktop computers

are strong enough to help us with home made experiments on software installation and configuration. Everything is

much more flexible when we deal with virtual machines, not to mention the fact, that we can heavily reduce the

amount of hardware which we were still using a few years ago. To start the experiment, we need to download and

install VirtualBox 4.2.6 (or higher).

This operation is so straightforward that we will skip the detailed description. I decided to install VirtualBox on my

host machine, which was a typical MS Windows 7 based office desktop. However, with multi-core CPU and enough

RAM.

When VirtualBox was installed, I created a virtual machine aimed for Solaris 11.1 (x86/64-bit) installation. Thespecification is as presented on the following screenshots.

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Please note, that the virtual hard drive size is 30 GB (dynamically allocated) and more than 25 GB is used (this is the

situation with installed and working Oracle database instance). Previously I allocated only 20 GB of space for virtual

hard drive and it was my fault – it was too small and I could not continue with Oracle DB installation in easy manner.

Moreover, the virtual disk drive was fixed size type. Fortunately, nothing critical happened as this issue was a

pleasure to be solved with CloneVDI. This tool helped me a lot with virtual disk drive resize operation – from 20 GB to

30 GB in my case.

Of course all the parameters of virtual machine can be much better – everything is up to you and your host hardware

capabilities. Now, let's start with Solaris 11.1 (x86/64-bit) installation.

Part 2. Oracle Solaris 11.1 6x47438it9 installation it* :ext Install

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Firstly, we have to download Solaris 11.1 (x86/64-bit) from Oracle Technology Network (all required softwarecomponents are presented inpart 0 of this series). There are several options available. From the most friendly Live

Media, where we can boot Solaris to the graphical desktop environment (Gnome), try it out on our target machine

and decide if we want to install the system with nice, modern graphical installer, through ready to be used virtual

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http://turingsman.net/my-blog-list/148-part-2-oracle-solaris-11-1-x86-64-bit-installation-with-text-install

http://turingsman.net/index.php/my-blog-list/145-introduction-to-experiments-with-oracle-virtualbox-solaris-11-1-db-11gr2-ms-access-2010-libreoffice-base-odbc-and-jdbc



machines (no fun in our case), to the option we will use in our scenario, so called: Text Install. In my opinion the most

classic way of Solaris installation and it will provide the best experience for us. Let’s download this version now.

We assume that the target virtual machine has been already created in VirtualBox with minimal parameters

presented inpart 1 article of this series. Then, we can start virtual machine and mount Solaris 11.1 (x86/64-bit) TextInstall CD-ROM image as our virtual CD-ROM in VirtualBox. Soon, the installation process will start. We will now

present screenshots taken from every screen of Solaris 11.1 text installer. All values were specific to my case and

should be modified to fulfill individual requirements.

I can only point out once again, that – as I mentioned before inpart 1 – the virtual disk drive for Solaris 11.1

installation with Oracle DB 11gR2 on top of it should be at least 30 GB. Please note, that at the current stage, the

target virtual disk drive capacity was set by me to 20 GB (we will see this size on dedicated screenshot) – of course,

it was even too much for Solaris 11.1, but during the installation of Oracle DB 11gR2 I had to use Clone VDI toextend its capacity up to 30 GB. So, if someone want to skip the virtual hard drive expansion task with Clone VDI

tool, then it’s a very good idea to set the appropriate size during virtual machine creation (30 GB or more means no

issues).

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After installation is completed, we can reboot (F8 on Installation Complete screen) and we will see GNU GRUB... We

can boot from our hard disk and login to Oracle Solaris 11.1 for the first time (remember to have installation CD-ROM

unmounted).



That's all for now. We finished the very basic installation. Now we will install Gnome - yes, we need graphical desktop

environment to install Oracle Database 11gR2 in a friendly manner, 100% locally.

Part '. Installing <no(e !or Oracle Solaris 11.1 6x47438it9

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Now, as we have basic Oracle Solaris 11.1 installed on our virtual machine, we will need to have a graphical desktop

environment installed, too. It's required by the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) application we will use to install Oracle

Database 11gR2.

We don't want to complicate the things too much at this time, therefore we will launch OUI locally. In typical scenario

one can want to run X server on his local desktop computer, export appropriate display settings from the target

server (on which, usually, an administrator is logging in via SSH2 remotely) and perform the installation via OUI,

including database creation via DBCA (Database Creation Assistant). We will simplify the whole process – all in all

we are working with virtual machine and we can launch graphical session there. Although, we have to install Gnome

first. Let's do it.

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Login using your user account and then switch to root role (you can skip "uname -a" command, of course):

Then type the following command:

# pkg install slim_install

You'll see the installation process, as shown on the following screenshots:



Wait until the end and execute:

# startx

You'll see the well-known Gnome desktop:



Now, let's reboot our system (System –> Shut down... –> Restart) – after a short while we should be able to see

GDM (Gnome Display Manager) login:



That's all. We can now begin prerequisites configuration for Oracle Database 11gR2 installation.



Part 3A. "lone VDI *el%s it* Oracle VirtualBox 5irtual diss resi/e o%erations

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I created a 20 GB virtual disk drive for Solaris 11.1 and Oracle DB 11gR2. This was really too small and the most

comfortable thing I could do was to use Clone VDI 2.10. This is small, simple and very useful piece of software –

really recommended for all Oracle VirtualBox users. Not only we can clone our virtual hard disks, manage their

UUIDs, perform compacting, but also easily resize disks.

To solve my problem I made a backup of my virtual hard drive file (sic!), started Clone VDI, selected my source

virtual hard drive (Solaris11_1_test.vdi) which was 20 GB fixed size, I changed the name of my destination virtual

hard drive file (in this case: Clone of Solaris11_1_test_X.vdi – to be honest, not a nice name, but everyone can

decide on his own, which is recommended). I also selected the options to: "Keep old UUID" and "Increase virtual

drive size to 30.00 GB". With such configuration I expected to have a drop-in replacement of my 20 GB source virtual

hard drive. I waited for a couple of minutes…

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… And it was done. So, I replaced my old, 20 GB file with the new, 30 GB one. With some reference to the Solaris

11.1 administrator’s guide I was able to easily allocate a new space for my root storage pool with ZFS commands

(refer to the "Solaris Internals" for more information).

Part 3. Oracle Dataase 11gR2 %rere=uisites. Be!ore actual installation on Solaris11.1

http://www.solarisinternals.com/wiki/index.php?title=Category:ZFS

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We have configured our fresh Oracle Solaris 11.1 (x86/64-bit) installation. Now we can start preparations for Oracle

Database 11gR2 binaries installation. Let's check all the prerequisites – as presented in the official documentation –

and then run the installation process with Oracle Universal Installer (OUI).

The most important documents for us are:

Oracle Database Installation Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Oracle Solaris

Oracle Database Quick Installation Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Oracle Solaris on x86-64 (64-Bit)

First of all, let's check the RAM requirements. According to documentation, a minimum is 1 GB and recommended

amount of RAM is 2 GB or more. We set 2 GB for our virtual machine, so it's good, but anyway – use root role:

root@turingsman:~# prtconf | grep "Memory size"

Memory size: 2000 Megabytes

root@turingsman:~#

2000 Megabytes – OK.

Now, let's check the swap space. The rule is that for RAM size between 1 GB and 2 GB, the swap size should be

equal to 1.5 times the size of RAM. If there is more than 2 GB RAM and less than 16 GB, then the swap size should

be equal to the RAM size. If there is more than 16 GB of RAM, our swap size shouldn't be bigger than 16 GB.

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24346/toc.htm






Execute the following command:

root@turingsman:~# sap !l

sapfile e$ saplo blocks free

%e$%z$ol%sk%rpool%sap 2&'(2 ') 2*0+ 2*0+

2 GB is enough. If you have less than 2 GB, please refer to the ZFS documentation and expand swap to requiredsize – the process ofadjusting size of swap on an active system is very well documented in "Solaris Internals".

Now, for the sake of curiosity (and integrity of this tutorial), let's check for the system architecture:

root@turingsman:~# isainfo !k$

,'!bit am,' kernel moules

root@turingsman:~#

Good! Of course, this is supported architecture.

We will need at least 1 GB in the /tmp directory. Therefore, let's check it:

root@turingsman:~# f ! %tmp

-ilesystem .ize /se $ailable 1apacity Mounte on

sap 2*+ 324M 2*'+ ,5 %tmp

OK. We've enough space. Otherwise, it should be expanded – refer to "Solaris Internals".

Our Oracle Database 11gR2 runtime files (binaries) will require about 5 GB, so it's important to select a proper

volume with enough free space. If you created at least 30 GB hard drive for your virtual machine in VirtualBox, as it

was recommended several times before – it's Ok. Otherwise, please refer topart 4A of this series.

http://www.solarisinternals.com/wiki/index.php/ZFS_Troubleshooting_Guide#Adjusting_the_Size_of_the_Swap_Volume_on_an_Active_System


http://turingsman.net/index.php/my-blog-list/150-part-4a-clone-vdi-helps-with-oracle-virtualbox-virtual-disks-resize-operations

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Now, there is the most important information in official Oracle Database 11gR2 installation guide:no special kernel

parameters, packages, or patches are required at the time of this release for Oracle Solaris 11.

Seems that the whole Oracle Database 11gR2 installation process on Oracle Solaris 11.1 is much easier than when

compared to Oracle Solaris 10 or supported Linux distributions. I strongly recommend to follow the official

documentation. However, as I made some additional modifications using Oracle Solaris projects feature I'll present

them later in this article.

Alright. Enough about parameters, packages or patches (still, as I was experimenting with the whole thing, I made

some more/less rational decisions myself – I'll present these modifications later).

We have to check what version of Solaris and what update level we’re using – to be sure we're compliant with the

Oracle requirements:

root@turingsman:~# uname !a

.un6. turingsman *33 33*3 i4,pc i74, i4,pcroot@turingsman:~# uname !r

*33

root@turingsman:~# cat %etc%release

6racle .olaris 33*3 84,

1opyrigt 9c 3;47( 2032( 6racle an%or its affiliates* ll rigts reser$e*

ssemble 3; .eptember 2032

Everything is OK.

We assume that there are no other Oracle products installed on this machine. This is the first installation, so we now

have to create some required groups and users:



# groupa oinstall

# groupa ba

# usera ! %export%ome%oracle !m !s %bin%bas !g oinstall !+ ba oracle

This command creates the oracle user and specifies "oinstall" as the primary group and "dba" as the secondary

group.

Enter the following command to set the password of the oracle user:

root@turingsman:~# pass !r files oracle

<e =assor: >type your fa$orite passor?

e!enter ne =assor: >re!type your fa$orite passor?

pass: passor successfully cange for oracle

Check the shell limits:

root@turingsman:~# ulimit !t

unlimite

root@turingsman:~# ulimit !f

unlimite

root@turingsman:~# ulimit !

unlimite

root@turingsman:~# ulimit !s

43;2

root@turingsman:~# ulimit !n



302'

root@turingsman:~# ulimit !$

unlimite

root@turingsman:~#

Almost good. Oracle recommends the following minimum values for STACK (-s) = 32768 and NOFILES (-n) = 4096

limits. Tune them with the following commands:

root@turingsman:~# ulimit As 72&,4

root@turingsman:~# ulimit An '0;,

You can check that limits were changed with the previous commands again (ulimit –s, ulimit –n).

To have these changes permanent, you should define the limits in /etc/system or use Oracle Solaris projects feature.

Now, I've unfortunately made some additional changes with the projects feature of Oracle Solaris. You can follow my

way to stay compliant with the record of this exercise. Perform the following commands:

root@turingsman:~# proBa !/ oracle !) "proBect*max!sm!memoryC9pri$(,g(eny"

user*oracle

root@turingsman:~# proBmo !s) "proBect*max!sem!nsemsC9pri$(32(eny" user*oracle

root@turingsman:~# proBmo !s) "proBect*max!sem!isC9pri$(324(eny" user*oracleroot@turingsman:~# proBmo !s) "proBect*max!sm!isC9pri$(324(eny" user*oracle

root@turingsman:~# proBmo !s) "proBect*max!sm!memoryC9pri$(,g(eny" user*oracle

And:



root@turingsman:~# n !set %e$%tcp tcp_smallest_anon_port ;000

root@turingsman:~# n !set %e$%tcp tcp_largest_anon_port ,00

% root@turingsman:~# n !set %e$%up up_smallest_anon_port ;000

root@turingsman:~# n !set %e$%up up_largest_anon_port ,00

root@turingsman:~# proBmo !s) "process*max!file!escriptorC9pri$(,7,(eny"

user*oracle

Put in /etc/inittab the following lines for the TCP and UDP parameters to be sure that changes will be persistent

among reboots:

tm::sysinit:%usr%sbin%n !set %e$%tcp tcp_smallest_anon_port ;000 D %e$%console

tm::sysinit:%usr%sbin%n !set %e$%tcp tcp_largest_anon_port ,00 D %e$%console

tm::sysinit:%usr%sbin%n !set %e$%up up_smallest_anon_port ;000 D %e$%console

tm::sysinit:%usr%sbin%n !set %e$%up up_largest_anon_port ,00 D %e$%console

Now, we have to create required directories:

root@turingsman:~# mkir !p %u03%app%oracle

root@turingsman:~# mkir !p %u02%oraata

Assign the required owners:

# con ! oracle:oinstall %u03

# con ! oracle:oinstall %u02



And change permissions:

# cmo ! && %u03

# cmo ! && %u02

Now, customize bash profile with the following variables (use vi editor to create ".bash_profile" file for oracle user):

>E?

61FG_H.GC%u03%app%oracle

61FG_I6MGCJ61FG_H.G%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3

61FG_.KLC/K<+.M<

FL_FKHN_=ICJ61FG_I6MG%lib

=ICJ=I:%usr%local%bin:J61FG_I6MG%bin

export 61FG_H.G 61FG_I6MG 61FG_.KL FL_FKHN_=I =I

>E?

Please note, we assume that Bash (Bourne-again shell) will be used by oracle user. So, log to the oracle account

now:

# su A oracle

And run vi editor with the ".bash_profile" file for edition:

!bas!'*3J $i *bas_profile



Now, put all the lines presented above into the file in vi editor and save file (hit "Esc" key, then hit "w" and "q" keys to

perform write and quit operation). However, at this stage this can be tricky as all the paths presented in the

".bash_profile" file are to be created by Oracle Universal Installer (OUI). These paths don't exist at this stage of

installation. Please only note, that if we change the paths in OUI we have to edit ".bash_profile" too. Also, our Oracle

Database 11gR2 installation should be planned, so we can assume that the following paths pattern will be copied in

OUI (this is our plan).



Now, we can copy the installation packages and unzip them for oracle user. So, login as oracle (if not logged in

already) and create a directory for installation packages. This can be anywhere – we just have to remember that we

will require a few GBs of space for zipped installation packages and unzipped content. For example, this can be done

the following way:



root@turingsman:~# su ! oracle

6racle 1orporation .un6. *33 33*3 .eptember 2032

!bas!'*3J p

%export%ome%oracle

!bas!'*3J mkir orainstall

!bas!'*3J c orainstall

So, copy the installation packages to "orainstall" directory:

!bas!'*3J cp %mnt%O orainstall%

Check we have both installation packages:

!bas!'*3J ls

solaris*x,'_33g2_atabase_3of2*zip solaris*x,'_33g2_atabase_2of2*zip

We can now unzip both of them here:

!bas!'*3J unzip %mnt%solaris*x,'_33g2_atabase_3of2*zip A

%export%ome%oracle%orainst



!bas!'*3J unzip %mnt%solaris*x,'_33g2_atabase_2of2*zip A

%export%ome%oracle%orainst

After a while, we should have a "database" directory available. Let's check it:



!bas!'*3J p

%export%ome%oracle%orainstall

!bas!'*3J ls !la

total ;

rxr!xr!x 7 oracle oinstall 7 Lec 2, 03:0& *

rxr!xr!x 7 oracle oinstall 30 Lec 2, 03:0& **rxr!xr!x 4 oracle oinstall 30 <o$ 2' 200; atabase

!bas!'*3J

Before I ran Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) from database directory for good, I did some additional changes in the

operating system. I installed JDK7 (with Add More Software tool – available directly from the Gnome desktop). Also, I

installed SUNWmfrun package – to avoid possible error about Motif libraries. You can do the same to stay compliant

with our exercise.



Also, some experts say that this is not required to export DISPLAY variable when OUI is executed locally. Well,

seems this statement is not true. I had to export DISPLAY variable to avoid OUI errors during initial prerequisites

check. This can be done with the following command from oracle user (Bash):

!bas!'*3J LK.=FNCturingsman:0*0P export LK.=FN



Change "turingsman" with the name of your server, of course.

Now, we can run the famous Oracle Universal Installer – remember to be logged in on oracle user account. Let's

check we have all we need in the database directory:

!bas!'*3J c atabase%!bas!'*3J ls !la

total 2

rxr!xr!x 4 oracle oinstall 30 <o$ 2' 200; *

rxr!xr!x 7 oracle oinstall 7 Lec 2, 03:0& **

rxr!xr!x 32 oracle oinstall 3 <o$ 34 200; oc

rxr!xr!x ' oracle oinstall 3' <o$ 2' 200; install

rxr!xr!x 2 oracle oinstall <o$ 2' 200; response

rxr!xr!x 2 oracle oinstall 2 <o$ 2' 200; rpm

!rxr!xr!x 3 oracle oinstall ,37 <o$ 2' 200; runKnstaller

rxr!xr!x 2 oracle oinstall 7 <o$ 2' 200; sssetup

rxr!xr!x 3' oracle oinstall 70 <o$ 2' 200; stage

!r!r!!r!! 3 oracle oinstall '00 <o$ 3& 200; elcome*tml

Be sure to run the OUI from oracle user session in Gnome:

!bas!'*3J *%runKnstaller



That's all for now. We will continue with the Oracle Universal Installer in the part 5 of this series.

P t O l D t 11 R2 i t ll ti it* O l $ i l I t ll

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Part . Oracle Dataase 11gR2 installation it* Oracle $ni5ersal Installer onSolaris 11.1

Last $%dated on Monda&, '1 Dece(er 2012 21)2

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its) 3'2

We will now install Oracle Database 11gR2 with Oracle Universal Installer, which we have successfully run in the end

ofpart 4 of this series. After Oracle Database 11gR2 binaries installation we will create and configure a database

instance with the dedicated tool – Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). Although, usually DBCA is run

in the last stage of OUI installation process, this is not a rule. If the Oracle database environment is configuredproperly, we can run DBCA at any given moment to handle database instances in our system. Also, we can run

DBCA separately, if OUI reported some non-critical errors which prevented successful database creation – as in our

case here.

Firstly, if OUI started successfully (passed all initial checks in the console mode), but then there was an error

message:

[INS-13001] Environment does not meet minimum requirements

This can mean two things. In fact, our system does not meet minimum requirements and we have to take care of this

issue. Maybe, it is enough to check the whole configuration and prerequisites fulfillment once again? Kernel

?P h ?I i ll db hi i fO lD b 10R2(hih



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parameters? Patches? Is our operating system really supported by this version of Oracle Database 10gR2 (which

version, exactly)? It's possible that we forgot about something important which can still be more or less easily

handled.

However, things can be more enigmatic – if we are sure that all the requirements are met or even exceeded. In such

case, the best option is to look for help on free OTN forums or paid My Oracle Support (MOS, previously known as

Metalink). There is a chance to get some help from Oracle experts available on the OTN forums – but please note,

that due to the license requirements, it is prohibited to publish the information available via My Oracle Support on-line

service. All in all it's commercial, requires an user account to be created and assigned to the company's CSI number

(valid support contract is necessary).

Finally, to better understand what is going on we can generate the report in response file, by executing the following

command:

*%runKnstaller Aexecute=rereQs Asilent Aresponse-ile RresponsefileD*rsp

Also, in some specific cases, when we are not installing a production environment, we can make a decision to go on

with the OUI, even if there was an error reported. Everything depends on type of error. Once again – we can do a

little bit more in test environments, but in production environments such approach is not acceptable. We can even

skip the prerequisites checks and invoke OUI with the following command:

*%runKnstaller Aignore.ys=rereQs

Although, prerequisites checking is our friend in most cases.

Once we ran OUI, we will see the following sequence of screens – each one for each step of OUI.

Th fi tt iOUIit fi it dt A itllith tt i t kithi ti



The first step in OUI is to configure security updates. As we install in the test environment, we can skip this option.



TheninthesecondstepwehavetodecidewhatweplantodowiththehelpofOUIInourcasewehavetoselect:



Then, in the second step, we have to decide what we plan to do with the help of OUI. In our case we have to select:

"Create and configure a database" (this means that after OUI, there will be DBCA launched).



Inthethirdsteplet'sselect"Desktopclass"databaseThiswillmakeourlivesimplerandismoreadequatetothe



In the third step, lets select Desktop class database. This will make our live simpler and is more adequate to the

purpose of our exercise. We're only exploring the basics of standalone Oracle database installation, we don't think

about RAC (Realtime Application Cluster) or grid technologies.



TheninstepfourwehavetoprovidealltherequireddataverycarefullyPleasenotethatifwechangepathswe



Then, in step four, we have to provide all the required data very carefully. Please note, that if we change paths, we

will have to take care about ".bash_profile" file we created previously (seepart 4 of this series). Therefore, let's copy

all the values from the screenshot presented below.





Instepfivewehavetoprovideadditionalinformation–pathtoOracleInventory(aplacewhereinstallationfileswill



In step five we have to provide additional information path to Oracle Inventory (a place where installation files will

be copied) and oraInventory group name (a group which owns oraInventory directory). Sixth step is Prerequisite

Checks – if skipped during launch of OUI, then it will not be performed.



Stepsevenprovidesthesummaryofalloptionsweselecteduntilnow.Weshouldrefertothemanddouble-check



Step seven provides the summary of all options we selected until now. We should refer to them and doublecheck

before going to the next step. Please note, that source location here is different than presented inpart 4 of this

series. However, this is not an important difference – everything depends on the fact where we unzipped our Oracle

Database 11gR2 installation disks and from which location we started OUI. So, this can be also different in your

specific case.





Step eight – actual installation.



We can see that near the end of OUI installation process, DBCA tool is going to be started (database instance

creation).



Unfortunately, in our case DBCA failed to start. The reported reason is lack of seed database instance schema file –



y p

Seed_Database.dbf. This is not critical – however, should be examined separately, if we cannot provide the required

file on-demand (in fact this error was generated due improper file copying operation between directories – we will

cover this issue in more details later).



So, let's continue (OK –> Skip). As we can see, Oracle DBCA step was ignored. That's OK. Now, OUI will ask us to



execute two scripts from the presented location. Please note, we have to use root role to execute these scripts under

Solaris 11.1. Also, it's worth to remember that this is the only moment in which Oracle requires us to work with root

role privileges during the whole OUI installation process.



Then, 100% of OUI installation process is completed (please note – although, DBCA was skipped).



The last step – ninth – "The installation of Oracle Database was successful". However, the fun is yet to begin.



We will now continue with the DBCA – Database Configuration Assistant – in the next, sixth, part of this series. We



have to create general purpose database instance for the next planned exercises.

Part 4. Oracle Dataase 11gR2. "reating dataase it* Dataase "on!iguration

Assistant

Last $%dated on Saturda&, 24 #anuar& 201' 1;)33

Pulis*ed on :uesda&, 01 #anuar& 201' 22)10


its) 4140

We will now run DBCA – Database Configuration Assistant – for our freshly installed Oracle 11gR2. This tool will help

us to create a database for our further explorations. Therefore, we will not go into the details of DBCA too much. Our

plan is to create the general purpose database. Also, we have to run this tool separately, because we skipped DBCA

step during Oracle Universal Installer installation process (seepart 5). This was due to the lack of

"Seed_Database.dbf" – which in fact can be found on the Oracle Database 11gR2 installation disks and was lost

during copying operation (on OTN forum some people claim that "Seed_Database.dbf" file can be lost during

unzipping operation – unfortunately, no other details are provided). So, let's start.

First of all, we have to be sure, that our environment is properly configured – especially, when it comes to the paths

etc. Check with the "env" command:

J en$

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ISC

.IGFFC%bin%bas

GMCxterm

FL_FKHN_=IC%u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3%lib

61FG_.KLC/K<+.M<61FG_H.GC%u03%app%oracle

MKFC%$ar%mail%oracle

=IC%usr%bin::%usr%local%bin:%u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3%bin

=TLC%export%ome%oracle

F<+Cen_/.*/-!4

.IFUFC3

I6MGC%export%ome%oracle

F6+<MGCoracle

61FG_I6MGC%u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3

_C%usr%bin%en$

Export DISPLAY variable:

J export LK.=FNCturingsman:0*0

Then we can execute DBCA with the following command – of course, as an oracle user:

J bca



On the Welcome screen we click "Next".



DBCA consists of 12 steps. In the first step we have to select: "Create a Database" option (other options are

unavailable, except "Manage Templates", because there is no database yet in our system).



Then we have to select type of our database in the second step: "General Purpose or Transaction Processing".



Please click "Show Details…" button to see what database components are required for such type of database.



Step 3. We have to provide Global Database Name and SID (System Identifier) of our database.



Step 4. Leave the default values for "Enterprise Manager settings" and "Automatic Maintenance Tasks".



Step 5. However, this is not recommended – especially in production environment (in fact, not allowed for security

reasons!) – we can make things easier and set the same passwords for all administrative accounts (SYS, SYSTEM,

DBSNMP, SYSMAN). All in all, we're working in test environment and this is only a kind of reconnaissance. Also,

please note, that all passwords can be changed in the future. For now, we can go with less secure option – let's set

the same password for all mentioned accounts.



Step 6. As it was mentioned before – we've skipped DBCA step during OUI installation process because

"Seed_Database.dbf" file (database template file) was not found. This issue was reported several times by some

people here and there, including OTN forum. There were many suggestions on what to do, including – manual

databasecreation(inmyopinion–agoodchallengeforexperiencedDBAs)ordownloadingOracleDatabase11gR2



database creation (in my opinion – a good challenge for experienced DBAs) or downloading Oracle Database 11gR2

installation disks once again from OTN. Well, maybe re-downloading is a good idea, if we're sure that our installation

disks became corrupted. The question is then – how it was possible to install Oracle database from such installation

media to this moment? In my case, the most reasonable explanation is that – after several copying operations

between volumes (including the issue with required disk resize operation etc.) I – somehow – lost this file. Therefore,

I decided to look into the Oracle installation disk for "Seed_Database.dbf". I found this file under the following

location (check inside disk 2):

L:V=aelV6ra.olVsolaris*x,'_33g2_atabase_2of2*zipVatabaseVstageV1omponentsVoracle*r

bms*install*seebV33*2*0*3*0V3VLata-ilesVGxpaneVfilegroup3

So, I copied this file to the previously mounted /mnt/sf_OraSol directory on my Solaris virtual machine and told DBCA

(via "Browse…" button) where it is. This was a good idea. No additional software downloading from DBCA, no hand

made database creation etc.



Step 7. Remember to select a proper database files location – in our case: /u01/oradata.



Step 8. We can leave default values for our purposes.



Step 9. Yes, we should add sample schemas – this will be very usable in our future exercises (especially, famous

Human Resources schema).



Step 10. Default values – only remember to set Unicode for national characters encoding.



Step 11. Database Storage. Default values – we will not change anything or add any file. Please only refer to the files

locations to be sure, that everything will be installed in the desired place (control files, data files and redo logs).



Step 12. Select "Crate Database" and click "Finish". "Confirmation" window will be opened – just refer to all

presented database details to once again confirm all our decisions and click "OK". The database creation process



will be launched.



And then – it's done.



We have now created our first database, which includes exemplary schemas. In the next part we will verify that all

basic configuration files are defined correctly and we can easily operate our database with provided tools.

Part ;. "*ec%oint !or Oracle Dataase 11gR2 installation. "on!iguration !iles,asic tools and co((on issues

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Last $%dated on Monda&, 11 Marc* 201' 21)24

Pulis*ed on Monda&, 11 Marc* 201' 20)10


its) 24

We had a short break afterpart 6 of this series. Believe it or not, there was a really important reason for me to stop

writing for a while – although, this is quite a different story. Now, we're back to finish with our experiments with Oracle

Database 11gR2 on Solaris 11.1. What was really nice, during the last two months I received some emails and

comments with your suggestions and opinions on this series. Therefore, I would like to thank you all for positive

feedback and additional inspiration. Now, we can come back to work.

I hope our virtual machines are ready to be run again. Before we begin with additional experiments, it's good to know

which Oracle Database 11gR2 configuration files should be double-checked. Usually, if something is wrong with

these files, the overall Oracle database installation is not working properly or – for example – a listener or database

instance cannot be started. Also, we will present some basic administration tools for Oracle.

First of all, let's check listener.ora file. Please login to the oracle user account and execute the following command:

oracle@turingsman:~J $i

%u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3%netork%amin%listener*ora

You should see something similar to this:

FK.G<GC

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9LG.1K=K6<C

9LLG.._FK.C

9LLG..C9=6616FCtcp9I6.Cturingsman9=6C323

9LLG..C9=6616FCipc9)GNCextproc

.KL_FK._FK.G<GC

9.KL_FK.C

9.KL_LG.1C

9+F6HF_LH<MGC/K<+.M<

961FG_I6MGC%u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3

9.KL_<MGC/K<+.M<

Now exit vi editor and execute the following command – to check how tnsnames.ora file is composed:

oracle@turingsman:~J $i

%u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3%netork%amin%tnsnames*ora

In my case it looks like that:

# tnsnames*ora <etork 1onfiguration -ile:

%u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3%netork%amin%tnsnames*ora



# +enerate by 6racle configuration tools*

/K<+.M< C

9LG.1K=K6< C

9LLG.. C 9=6616F C 1=9I6. C turingsman9=6 C 323

916<<G1_L C

9.GUG C LGLK1GL

9.GUK1G_<MG C /K<+.M<

FK.G<G_/K<+.M< C

9LLG.. C 9=6616F C 1=9I6. C turingsman9=6 C 323

Also, always remember about .bash_profile file:

oracle@turingsman:~J $i *bas_profile

In my case it looks like this:

61FG_H.GC%u03%app%oracle



61FG_I6MGCJ61FG_H.G%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3

61FG_.KLC/K<+.M<

FL_FKHN_=ICJ61FG_I6MG%lib

=ICJ=I:%usr%local%bin:J61FG_I6MG%bin

export 61FG_H.G 61FG_I6MG 61FG_.KL FL_FKHN_=I =I

And here is the set of useful commands, that has to be available from the command line, once your Oracle Database

11gR2 is installed and your oracle user shell is properly configured (see .bash_profile file).

Tool Syntax Purspos

e

Selectedcommands(<command>)

Example

lsnrc

tl

lsnrctl RcommanD :*is tool

is ai(edto(anageOracleDataase listener

.tatus

.tarteloa

.topUersionser$icesGxit

lsnrctl

reloa

%rocess6in s*ortords)

WuitIelp



it*outoringlistener iton?t e%ossiletoconnectto t*eOracledataaseinstance9

sQlplus

sQlplus>>username>%passor?>@ser$ice_name? | % >as

Xsysba|sysoperY?? |%nolog?

:*is toolisre=uired

toconnectit* t*eOracledataase!ro(co((and line toexecute

S@Lstate(ents

elp sQlplus%nologelp

tnsping

tnsping Rser$ice_nameDRo_many_timesD

:*is tool*el%s to

tnsping/K<+.

c*ec i!gi5enOracle t

M< '



etser5ice isa5ailale!orconnections. I!connectionsucceeded,tns%ingtool ills*oesti(ate

d ti(ere=uired!or datatrans(issioneteenclientandser5erside.

trcroute

rcroute Rser$ice_nameD :*is tool*el%s todisco5ert*e traceo!

trcroute/K<+.M<

connectioneteenli t



clientandser5er

Let's have a short trip through the tools presented above. Imagine we have just logged in to our database server and

we want to start all the Oracle Database 11gR2 components by hand. Be sure we are using oracle account – for

example:

parzyn@turingsman:~J su ! oracle

=assor:

6racle 1orporation .un6. *33 33*3 .eptember 2032

!bas!'*3J

Then, run sqlplus:

!bas!'*3J sQlplus %nolog

When sqlplus is started, execute the commands presented below (your commands are marked bold):

.WFO=lus: elease 33*2*0*3*0 =rouction on .un Mar 30 20:02:30 2037

1opyrigt 9c 3;42( 200;( 6racle* ll rigts reser$e*

SQL> conn sys as sysdba;

Gnter passor:

1onnecte to an ile instance



1onnecte to an ile instance*

SQL> startup

61FG instance starte*

otal .ystem +lobal rea 4730'&,4 bytes

-ixe .ize 223,2' bytes

Uariable .ize ,207&0'4 bytes

Latabase Huffers 2,4'7', bytes

eo Huffers 2'3,,'0 bytes

Latabase mounte*

Latabase opene*

SQL> select * from v$instance;

K<.<1G_</MHG K<.<1G_<MG

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

I6._<MG

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

UG.K6< ./=_ ./. = IGL# 1IKUG F6+_.TK1I_TK

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!! !!! !!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

F6+K<. .I/ LH.G_./. K<.<1G_6FG 1KUG_. HF6

!!!!!!!!!! !!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!! !!!

3 /K<+.M<

turingsman

33*2*0*3*0 37%07%30 6=G< <6 3 .6==GL

FF6TGL <6 1KUG =KMN_K<.<1G <6MF <6



SQL> quit

Lisconnecte from 6racle Latabase 33g elease 33*2*0*3*0 ! ,'bit =rouction

Then, we should start Oracle listener process (commands to be executed are marked bold):

!bas!'*3J lsnrctl

F.<1F for .olaris: Uersion 33*2*0*3*0 ! =rouction on 30!M!2037 20:22:02

1opyrigt 9c 3;;3( 200;( 6racle* ll rigts reser$e*

Telcome to F.<1F( type "elp" for information*

LSNRCTL> status

1onnecting to 9LG.1K=K6<C9LLG..C9=6616FCtcp9I6.Cturingsman9=6C323

<.!32'3: <.:no listener

<.!32,0: <.:protocol aapter error

<.!0033: <o listener

.olaris Grror: 3',: 1onnection refuse

1onnecting to 9LG.1K=K6<C9LLG..C9=6616FCipc9)GNCextproc

<.!32'3: <.:no listener

<.!32,0: <.:protocol aapter error

<.!0033: <o listener



.olaris Grror: 2: <o suc file or irectory

LSNRCTL> start

.tarting %u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3%bin%tnslsnr: please ait***

<.F.< for .olaris: Uersion 33*2*0*3*0 ! =rouction

.ystem parameter file is


Fog messages ritten to %u03%app%oracle%iag%tnslsnr%turingsman%listener%alert%log*xml

Fistening on: 9LG.1K=K6<C9LLG..C9=6616FCtcp9I6.Cturingsman9=6C323Fistening on: 9LG.1K=K6<C9LLG..C9=6616FCipc9)GNCextproc


./. of te FK.G<G

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

lias FK.G<G

Uersion <.F.< for .olaris: Uersion 33*2*0*3*0 ! =rouction

.tart Late 30!M!2037 20:22:32

/ptime 0 ays 0 r* 0 min* 0 sec

race Fe$el off



.ecurity 6<: Focal 6. utentication

.<M= 6--

Fistener =arameter -ile


Fistener Fog -ile

%u03%app%oracle%iag%tnslsnr%turingsman%listener%alert%log*xml

Fistening Gnpoints .ummary***

9LG.1K=K6<C9LLG..C9=6616FCtcp9I6.Cturingsman9=6C323

9LG.1K=K6<C9LLG..C9=6616FCipc9)GNCextproc

.er$ices .ummary***

.er$ice "/K<+.M<" as 3 instance9s*

Knstance "/K<+.M<"( status /<)<6T<( as 3 anler9s for tis ser$ice***

e comman complete successfully

LSNRCTL> reload


e comman complete successfully

LSNRCTL> quit

Now, let's try tnsping – we're working on local machine, so it's not a best example, but anyway:



!bas!'*3J tnsping /K<+.M< '

<. =ing /tility for .olaris: Uersion 33*2*0*3*0 ! =rouction on 30!M!2037 20:27:07

1opyrigt 9c 3;;&( 200;( 6racle* ll rigts reser$e*

/se parameter files:

%u03%app%oracle%prouct%33*2*0%bome_3%netork%amin%sQlnet*ora

/se <.<MG. aapter to resol$e te alias

ttempting to contact 9LG.1K=K6< C 9LLG.. C 9=6616F C 1=9I6. C turingsman

9=6 C 323 916<<G1_L C 9.GUG C LGLK1GL 9.GUK1G_<MG C /K<+.M<

6) 920 msec6) 90 msec

6) 90 msec

6) 90 msec

And finally, trcroute – with the same remark like for tnsping – we're on local machine:

!bas!'*3J trcroute /K<+.M<

race oute /tility for .olaris: Uersion 33*2*0*3*0 ! =rouction on 30!M!2037

20:2':'2

1opyrigt 9c 3;;( 200;( 6racle* ll rigts reser$e*

oute of rcoute:

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

<oe: 1lient ime an aress of entry into noe:



<oe: 1lient ime an aress of entry into noe:

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

30!M!2037 20:2':'2 LLG..C =6616FC1= I6.Cturingsman =6C323

<oe: .er$er ime an aress of entry into noe:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

30!M!2037 20:2':'2 LLG..C =6616FC1= I6.Cturingsman =6C323

If everything works similar way in your case, we can progress to thepart 8 of this series. Finally, to summarize our

checkpoint here, we should remember that if something is not working properly, the most common reasons are

hidden in:

Improperly owned directories of Oracle installation (refer to the previous parts to check the guidelines on

chown command). Remember – we're working on oracle user account. Root role is used very rare, mostly for

operating system purposes and not the Oracle Database itself – with significant exception during Oracle Universal

Installer part, when we have to execute root.sh script from root account.

Improperly assigned rights to the Oracle installation directories – please not only check you've applied chown

command on all required directories, but also use took care to use chmod command (refer to thepart 4).

Improperly defined or not set and exported Oracle Database environment variables – refer to the .bash_profile(this part) and double check you have all required variables and correctly defined paths. If yes, but you can't – for

example – invoke the tools presented in this part, maybe you should reload .bash_profile or – which is quite common

– remember to use BASH (maybe you're using oracle account with different shell, like CSH?).

Errors in the configuration files – usually, for basic Oracle Database 11gR2 configuration, we should check the

files presented here (listener.ora, tnsnames.ora).

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