optical design with mirrors jose sasian · "the world of unobstructed reflecting...

Prof. Jose Sasian Short Course

Optical Design with Mirrors with emphasis in unobstructed

systems

Jose Sasian


Contents

• Introduction• References and papers • On-axis systems• Un-obstructed systems• Examples• Summary


Introduction

• Why this short-course?• Course requirements• How I got experience with mirrors• What you should expect from the course• Mostly aberration control• References


References• Dietrich Korsh, Reflective Optics, Academic Press, 1991.• H. P. Bruegemann, Conic Mirrors, Focal Press 1968.• Reflective and Catadioptric objectives, Lloyd Jones,

Chapter 18, Handbook of Optics, OSA.• Michael Rogers, Un-obscured Mirror Designs, SPIE

4832 Proceedings IODC 2002.• Patent literature• Journal and Proceedings papers


Papers• Sasian, J. M., "Flat-field, anastigmatic, four-mirror optical system for large

telescopes," Opt. Eng. 26 (12), 1197-1199 (1987)• Sasian, J. M., "Four-mirror optical system for large telescopes," Opt. Eng. 29 (10),

1181-1185 (1990).• Sasian, J. M., "Design of a Schwarzschild flat-field, anastigmatic, unobstructed, wide-

field telescope," Opt. Eng. 29 (1), 1-5 (1990).• J. M. Sasian, ‘Annular surfaces in annular field systems,’ Optical Engineering, 36(12),

3401-3403, 1997.• Sasian, J. M. "Review of methods for the design of unsymmetrical optics," SPIE

Proceedings on Optical Engineering Midwest'90 1396, 453-466 (1991).• Sasian, J. M., "How to approach the design of a bilateral symmetrical optical system,"

Opt. Eng. June (1994) • Sasian, J. M., "The world of unobstructed reflecting telescopes," Journal of the

Amateur Telescope Makers 1, Fall 1992. Also in “The best of the amateur telescope making journal, “ William Cook Editor, Willmann-Bell, 2003.

• J. M. Sasian, ‘Double-curvature Surfaces in Mirror System Design.’ Optical Engineering, 36(1), 183-188, (1997)


Mirror virtues/problems

• Large and small apertures• Large bandwidth• No intrinsic chromatic aberations• Support system• Aspheric surfaces• Twice the deflection and no cancellation• Stronger scattering


Wave aberration conceptsreview


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Wave aberration


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Design of reflective axially symmetric systems


Flat-field, anastigmatic, four-mirroroptical system for large telescopes


Design of un-obstructed reflective systems


Symmetry

• Axially symmetry• Double plane symmetry• Plane symmetry• Monocentric symmetry• Confocal symmetry• Non identiafiable symmetry


Methods of design for NRS

• Eccentric and off-axis sections• Annular or Ring field systems• Concatenation of well corrected

systems• Tilted component theory• Expansion about the Optical Axis Ray• Confocal systems


Eccentric and off-axis systems


Annular or Ring field systems

Perkin-Elmer’sMicralignconcept byA. Offner 1975


Ring-field system for EUV lithography Annular surfaces


Concatenation of systems Example: on axis aspheric

system

Dietrich Korsh


Concatenation of systems Example: Reed and Schwarzschild systems by David Shafer


Tilted component system

Tilted Component Optical Systems, Richard Buchroeder, Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Arizona


Scheimpflug condition


Displacement of the aberration field center


Aberration fields

K. Thompson, "Description of the third-order optical aberrations of near-circular pupil optical systems without symmetry," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 22, 1389-1401 (2005)


Plane symmetric systems:Expansion about the OAR


Plane symmetric aberration function


Aberrations of aPlane symmetric system


Aberration coefficients


Aberration coefficient calculation


Basic forms of astigmatism


Behavior of coma


Confocal arrangement of mirrors:No aberration along the optical axis ray.

Excellent starting design point

OAR

Use paraboloids, ellipsoids, hyperboloids


Examples


Optical surfaces ....

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Amateur telescopes I


Amateur telescopes II


Double curvature mirrors I

ToroidEllipsoidElliptical paraboloid


Double curvature mirrors II


Double curvature mirrors III


A 1.6 m off-axis paraboloid

R=13 mD=1.6 mE=2.4 m


Confocal system: Cassegrain telescope made unobstructed


Summary

• Comments on several references• Basic review of aberrations• Methods to design un-symmetrical

systems• Examples• Must have a good idea about how the

basics for designing some reflective systems

optical design with mirrors jose sasian · "the world of unobstructed reflecting...

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