opthalmology - 1 file download

ARISE MEDICAL ACADEMY IMPORTANT MEDICAL IMAGES

Regular Batch for FMGE December - 2019

@ Arise - HYD Date: 7th, 19th, 26th July & 3rd Aug

@ Arise – Kannur Date: 15th, 22nd & 29th July

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OPTHALMOLOGY

1. CRVO [Central Retinal Venous Occlusion] : - STORMY SUNSET APPEARNCE, - SPLASHED TOMATO APPEARANCE, where the entire fundus is scattered with

haemorrhages

2. CRAO: [Central Retinal Arterial Occlusion] : - Whole retina appears white due to ischemia with red foveal reflex or CHERRY RED

SPOT





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3. BRVO: (BRANCH RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION) - Typically seen in > 50 years patient with history of HTN and DM-II. - In this FUNDUS picture:

Hemorrhages are seen only along one arcade of vessels whereas the rest of fundus is normal. IN CRVO – ENTIRE FUNDUS IS SCATTERED WITH HAEMORHHAGES.

4. ARMD: AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

Yellowish dots are DRUSENS (dry ARMD)





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5. COTTON WOOL SPOTS: - are infarcts in the retinal nerve fibre layer due to microvascular ooclusion. - Previously called as SOFT EXUDATES - The larger ill-defined white areas IN PICTURES. -

6. ROTH SPOTS: - Retinal hemorrhages with pale centre - Flame shaped hemorrhage - Seen in:

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS SLE HIV LEUKEMIA





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7. RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA: - Difficulty seeing dim lighting - Gradual loss of peripheral vision - Glare and eye fatigue - Autosomal dominant pattern

8. COAT’S DISEASE: - Idiopathic Retinal telangiectatic vessels and exudation - Mostly unilateral - Usually in the infero-temporal quadrant of the retina - Classically seen in boys of 5-1o years





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9. VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS/ SPRING CATARRH A. COBBLESTONE APPEARANCE

B. HORNER TRANTA’S SPOTS

10. TRACHOMA





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11. CORNEAL ULCERS: A. MOOREN’S ULCER- - Idiopathic peripheral ulcerative keratitis - Non-infectious keratopathy - Immunological ulcer associated with Rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, PAN, Wegener’s

Granulomatosis etc. - The ulcerative process spreads circumferentially and then centrally to involve entire

cornea

B. ULCER SERPENS: PNEUMOCOCCAL - Grayish white or yellowish disc shaped ulcer occurring near center of cornea. - Starts at periphery and spreads towards centre - Tendency to creep over cornea in serpenginous fashion – ULCER SERPENS - Violent iridocyclitis is often associated





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12. EPITHELIAL KERATITIS: A. HERPES SIMPLEX KERATITIS/ DENDRITIC ULCER/GEOGRAPHICAL ULCER

B. DISCIFORM KERATITIS: immune response to viral antigen





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13. ARCUS SENILIS: corneal degeneration in >60 years

14. BAND SHAPED KERATOPATHY: - Degeneration due to deposition of Ca++ salts in Bowman’s layer of the cornea. - Seen as white band in interpalpebral area with clear space separating it from the

limbus.





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15. BITOT’S SPOTS: XEROPHTALMIA

16. PTERYGIUM: - Triangular fold of bulbar conjunctiva - Elastotic degeneration of conjunctiva

17. PINGUECULA: - Elevated yellow nodule near limbus in palpebral fissure.





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18. KERATOCONUS: non inflammatory corneal ectasia/protrusion. A. MUNSON’S SIGN: protruded cornea indents the lower lid when the patient is asked

to look down.

B. FLEISHER RING – iron deposition at the base of cone. - Yellow brown to olive green ring of pigment (IN KERATOCONUS)





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NOTE: KAYSER FLESIHNER’S RING – due to copper deposition – WILSON’S DISEASE

LENS:

CATARACT

STELLATE CATARACT:





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MORGAGNIAN CATARACT: sunken nucleus with liquefied cortex - Most common complication associated with this is PHACOLYTIC GLAUCOMA

CHRISTMAS TREE CATARACT SENILE NUCLEAR CATARACT

SUNFLOWER CATARACT – WILSON’S DISEASE





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BLUE DOT CATARACT: PUNCTATE CATARACT - Minute white dots through the lens, but no visual disturbances. - Most common type of congenital cataract

GLAUCOMA:

opthalmology - 1 file download

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