Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Andrea, Janet, Liz and Sonia

AgendaO Knowledge Tree Mind Map O DefinitionO Characteristics and BehavioursO Comorbidity O CausesO DiagnosisO TreatmentO Help for Teachers

ObjectivesO Be able to define it, recognize itO Provide tools on how to work

with a child with ODD

Definition O “Childhood

disorder characterized by an ongoing and persistent pattern of hostile, noncompliant, and resistant behaviors manifested toward authority figures” (Masse & McNeil, 2008).

Characteristics Individuals with ODD are often described as:

O Defiant, spiteful, negative, hostile, verbally aggressive, usually aimed at parents and other authority figures.

(“ODD: A Guide for Families”, 2009)

Sound Familiar?What is the difference between ODD &

Conduct Disorder? http://www.polleverywhere.com/my/polls Which of the following features is NOT associated with ODD?a) Deliberately annoying peopleb) Spiteful attitude and revenge seekingc) Aggression to animals, property or othersd) Excessive arguments with adults

Behaviours include:O Frequent temper tantrumsO Excessive arguments with adultsO Actively refusing to comply with requests and rulesO Often questioning rulesO Deliberately annoying or upsetting othersO Often touchy or annoyed by othersO Blaming others for their mistakesO Frequent outbursts of anger and resentmentO Spiteful attitude and revenge seeking

*typically do not engage in delinquent behaviour!

Comorbidity Common other conditions that coexist are:

O ADHD O Anxiety DisordersO Learning & Language disordersO Mood Disorders (ie: Depression or bipolar)

Which is the most common disorder with ODD? http://www.polleverywhere.com/my/polls

*Often a precursor to Conduct Disorder.

CausesO Biological

O Psychological

O Social and Environmental Factors

DiagnosisODSM-5

O Under 5 yrs

O Over 5 yrs

How often is often?According to the DSM-V, children with ODD show an ongoing pattern of extreme negativity, hostility, and defiance that:

O Is constantO Lasts at least 6 monthsO Is excessive compared to what is usual for the

child’s ageO Is disruptive to the family and schoolO Is usually directed toward an authority figure

(parent, coach, teacher, principal)

Treatment O CounselingO Skills TrainingO Changes at HomeO School SupportO Treatment of Co-

morbid Health Issues (medication)

Strategies in the classroom:Prevention.Structure.Reasonable limits, consistent consequences.Praise. Positive Reinforcement.Address Motivational difficulties.Social Skills instruction.Time outs. Breaks. (for you!)Behaviour Contracts.Outside Agencies.

“The challenge of teaching requires educators to understand and address

the unique characteristics of all students, including those who exhibit oppositional and defiant behaviors”

(Salend & Sylvestre, 2005)

References O American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry www.aacap.org O Mayo Clinic: http://

www.mayoclinic.com/health/oppositional-defiant-disorder/DS00630 O http://

emedicine.medscape.com/article/918095-overview#aw2aab6b2 O Rhode, Ginger. (1998) The Tough Kid Book-Practical Classroom

Management Strategies. Longmont: Sopris.O Salend, S., & Sylvestre, S. (2005). Understanding and Addressing

Oppositional and Defiant Classroom Behaviors. Teaching Exceptional Children, 37, 32-39.

O http://specialed.about.com/od/behavioremotional/a/odd.htm O Trix, Victoria. (2009) Strategies for Teaching Children with

Oppositional Defiant Disorder. http://www.brighthub.com/education/special/articles/26631.aspx

O Woolsey, Wendy. Strategies to Work with Students with Oppositional Defiant Disorder. http://www.cec.sped.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=2426&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm

Questions?