opportunities from the post disaster needs assessment ... · pdna is a government-led exercise...
TRANSCRIPT
Opportunities from the Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) Process
Daniel Kull Senior Disaster Risk Management Specialist
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London Open Day Workshop 23 February, 2012
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
PDNA is a government-led exercise supported by the international community with the goals to: estimate the economic and human impact of the disaster determine the reconstruction and recovery needs prioritize reconstruction and recovery activities in a recovery
framework PDNA is based on two methodologies: DaLA (Damage and Losses Assessment) is a quantitative estimation of
damage and losses in economic flows and the impact on the overall performance of the economy.
HRNA (Human Recovery Needs Assessment): “are assessments that determine the requirements for the full resilient recovery of human development for affected populations, including the restoration of governance systems 1”.
1 UNDP
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
Why damage and loss assessment? To quantify the financial needs for economic recovery and
reconstruction To define government priorities for intervention in different
geographical areas, sectors and population groups based on estimated gaps in production, growth and development
To create capacity of national government to design post-disaster programs and/or to define international cooperation needs
To provide basis for monitoring progress in implementing recovery and reconstruction programs
To provide guidance for ex ante disaster risk reduction schemes
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
Recovery Challenges in Fragile Settings
Higher and different needs - weaker capacities
Aid coverage and risk of exclusion
Short-term reconstruction verses longer-term transition from violence
Contested leadership - low trust
Disasters can help and hinder transitions
Adaptation to political processes - security considerations
To help address these, WDR 2011 includes 5 insights from successful transitions (next slides with issues for disaster recovery)
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
1. State cannot address complex violent challenges alone.
Decisive action is essential
Establishment of an “inclusive enough” coalition supports legitimacy (civil society, private sector, etc.)
Interdisciplinary approach focusing on underlying risks including violence as well as disaster impacts
Opportunity for international facilitation
PDNA entry points: engagement of non-state actors, consideration of fragility in recovery planning, international engagement/facilitation
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
2. Early, tangible results needed to restore confidence.
Local and institutional capacity development from the outset
Purposeful use of local personnel and community systems
Early results by Government – actions that enhance social justice particularly relevant
Timely, accurate and easily understandable communication
PDNA entry points: capacitation and engagement of local actors, rapid PDNA and recovery plan development, open communication with public M&E framework
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
3. Prioritize reform of security/justice and employment.
Access to relief and recovery for most vulnerable
Ensure rights and safety of the disaster affected
Job creation programmes beyond labour-intensive public works for reconstruction
Support for self-employment and small businesses
PDNA entry points: consideration of most vulnerable (HRNA) and security, prioritization of livelihoods development in reconstruction and recovery framework
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
4. Pragmatic “best fit” approaches adapted to local context.
No “one-size-fits-all” approaches
Inclusion of local expertise and personnel
Transparency – monitoring and evaluation
Use of social accountability tools (citizen report cards, expenditure tracking surveys, SMS, etc.)
PDNA entry points: inclusion of local actors, consideration of context (perhaps conflict analysis), provision of open M&E and social accountability in recovery plan
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
5. Recognising a succession of transitions over time. Short-term actions should not undermine long-term
transition Assistance needs to continue beyond the “normal”
reconstruction period Set-backs in transition should not affect recovery Opportunities: reforming emergency response policy,
reforming land policy, develop/implement DRR PDNA entry points: long-term recovery plans include
consideration of transition issues, prioritize interventions that both reduce disaster risk and support transition
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
Analyze and integrate context during PDNA:
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
Myanmar 2008: Post Nargis Joint Assessment (PONJA)
Led by Tripartite Core Group (TCG): ASEAN, Government, United Nations
Advisory Group: Neighboring countries (China, India, Bangladesh), UN, Red Cross Red Crescent, World Bank, ADB, INGOs
Comprehensive, rapid and joint effort
Covered humanitarian as well as recovery needs
Village Tract Assessment (VTA) for humanitarian needs: a survey of households, key informants and focus groups in the worst affected townships, complementing DaLA (secondary data-driven) for recovery needs
About 90% of all recovery costs estimated were activities planned delivered directly to the local community level
Guiding principles agreed for future interventions: effectiveness, transparency and accountability; independence, self-sufficiency and capacity-building; focus on the most vulnerable groups; and strengthen communities
GFDRR is able to help developing countries reduce their vulnerability to natural disasters and adapt to climate change, thanks to the continued support of our
partners: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy,
Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malawi, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, Yemen, the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Secretariat, Arab Academy, European
Commission, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), Islamic Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP), United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), and the World Bank.
Managing Risk in Insecure Contexts: Pathways to Resilience and Peacebuilding London, 23 Feb. 2012
Final thoughts
Include conflict specialists in PDNA
Potentially include dedicated conflict analysis
Recovery framework & support reviewed periodically to adapt to fragility issues
Combined action across security, diplomatic, humanitarian and development disciplines
Organizational restructuring for concerted action
Donors to accept higher level of risk: need to support weaker institutions to support transition but this poses fiduciary and political risks