operator’s manual v6
TRANSCRIPT
Operator’s manualV6
WARNING: Operating, servicing and maintaining a recreational marine vessel can expose you to chemicals including engine exhaust, carbon monoxide, phthalates, and lead, which are known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. To minimize exposure, avoid breathing exhaust, service your vessel in a well-ventilated area and wear gloves or wash your hands frequently when servicing this vessel. For more information go to www.P65warnings.ca.gov/marine.
This Operator's Manual may be ordered in a different language free of charge up to 12 months after delivery, via internet; http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/If internet access isn't possible, please contact your Volvo Penta dealer.
ENG
Diese Betriebsanleitung kann bis zu 12 Monate nachder Lieferung über Internet kostenlos in einer anderen Sprache bestellt werden.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Wenn Sie keinen Internet-Zugriff haben, kontaktieren Sie bitte Ihren Volvo Penta-Händler.
GER
Ce manuel d'utilisation peut être commandé gratuitement sur Internet en différentes langues, jusqu'à 12 mois après la date de livraison.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Veuillez contacter votre Distributeur Volvo Penta si vous avez un problème d'accès à l'Internet.
FRE
El presente libro de instrucciones puede solicitarse en otro idioma diferente, libre de cargo, hasta 12 meses después de la entrega, mediante internet.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Si no se tiene acceso a internet, contacten al su concesionario Volvo Penta.
SPA
Il manuale per l'operatore può essere ordinato tramiteInternet, in varie lingue e per consegna gratuita, entro 12 mesi dalla consegna del prodotto;http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Se l'accesso a Internet risulta impossibile, contattare la concessionaria Volvo Penta.
Denna instruktionsbok kan beställas via internet på ett annat språk gratis i upp till 12 månader efter leverans.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Kontakta din Volvo Penta-återförsäljare om du inte har tillgång till internet.
Dit instructieboek kan gratis via internet in een a dere taal worden besteld tot 12 maanden na aflevering.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Als toegang tot het internet niet mogelijk is, neem dan contact op met uw Volvo Penta dealer.
Denne instruktionsbog kan bestilles gratis på et andetsprog via Internettet i op til 12 måneder efter leveringen.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Hvis det ikke er muligt at bestille via Internettet, bedes du kontakte
ITA
SWE
DUT
DAN
Tämä käyttöohjekirja on tilattavissa Internetin kautta veloituksetta eri kielillä 12 kuukauden ajan toimituksen jälkeen.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Jos sinulla ei ole Internet-yhteyttä, ota yhteys lähimpään Volvo Penta jälleenmyyjään.
FIN
Este Manual do Operador pode ser encomendad em idiomas diferentes isento de custos até 12 meses após entrega, via internet.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Se não for possível aceder à internet, contacte o seu concessionário Volvo Penta.
POR
To παρόν Βιβλίο Χρήσης μπορεί να παραγγελθεί δωρεάν σε άλλη γλώσσα μέχρι 12 μήνες μετά την παράδοση,μέσω διαδικτύου.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Εάν δεν είναι δυνατή η πρόσβαση στο ιαδίκτυο,παρακαλούμε επικοινωνήστε με το δικό σας αντιπρόσωπο της Volvo Penta.
GRC
Данное руководство по эксплуатации можно бес-платно заказать на другом языке по Интернету в течение 12 месяцев после доставки.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Если доступ к Интернету отсутствует, обратитесь к своему дилеру компании Volvo Penta.
RUS
Bu Kullanım Kılavuzu, teslimden 12 ay sonrasına kadar İnternet yoluyla ücretsiz olarak farklı bir dilde sipariş edilebilir.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/İnternet mümkün değilse, lütfen Volvo Penta yetkili satıcınızla tmasa geçin.
TUR
本操作手册可通过互联网以不同的言进行订购，交付后可 免费使用达12 个月。http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/如果无法访问互联网，请与沃尔沃遍达经销商联系。
CHI
Este Manual de operador pode ser encomendado em um idioma diferente, gratuitamente, até 12 meses após a entrega, via internet.http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/Caso o acesso à internet não for possível, contatar seu distribuidor Volvo Penta.
BZS
このオペレーターズ マニュアルの他言語版が、発行後最高 12か月間、インターネットより無料で発注可能です。http:// manual.volvopenta.com/coupon/インターネットにアクセスできない場合は、担当のボルボペンタディー ラーまでご連絡ください。
JPN
ARA
© AB VOLVO PENTA
Table of Content
Foreword ...................................................................................................... 5Models ....................................................................................................... 6About this Manual ..................................................................................... 6
Safety Information ...................................................................................... 7Safety Alert Symbol and Safety Messages ............................................... 7Safety Precautions While Operating the Boat ........................................... 8Carbon Monoxide .................................................................................... 11California Proposition 65 ......................................................................... 16
Introduction ............................................................................................... 17Warranty Information ............................................................................... 17Volvo Penta Dealer Network ................................................................... 17Dealer Locator Services .......................................................................... 17Volvo Penta on the Internet ..................................................................... 17Customer Relations ................................................................................. 18Volvo Penta Action Service ..................................................................... 18
Instruments and Controls ........................................................................ 19Ignition Lock .......................................................................................... 19
Ignition switch ...................................................................................... 19Gauges ................................................................................................... 20Powertrim ............................................................................................... 21
Powertrim Control ................................................................................ 21Trim Gauge .......................................................................................... 21
Controls ................................................................................................. 23Shift and throttle control ....................................................................... 23Adjusting the control lever .................................................................... 23
Optional ..................................................................................................... 24Active Corrosion Protection System ................................................... 24Seawater Strainer .................................................................................. 25Water heater .......................................................................................... 26
Hot Water Outlet .................................................................................. 26Starting ...................................................................................................... 27
Before Starting ...................................................................................... 27Onboard Tools and Parts ..................................................................... 27Pre-start Procedure .............................................................................. 28
Starting the Engine ............................................................................... 29Flooded Engine ..................................................................................... 30
Operation ................................................................................................... 31Break-in Procedures ............................................................................... 31Reading the Instruments ...................................................................... 31Alarms .................................................................................................... 32Maneuvering .......................................................................................... 32
Safety precautions for boat operation .................................................. 32Shifting and Speed Control .................................................................. 33Safety Lanyard ..................................................................................... 35Cruising Speed .................................................................................... 36Powertrim/Tilt ....................................................................................... 36Operating Trim Controls ....................................................................... 37Trim Ranges ........................................................................................ 38Determining the Proper Trim ................................................................ 39Trim/Tilt Motor Protection ..................................................................... 41
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 1
Steering System Operation .................................................................. 41Twin Unit Steering ................................................................................ 41
Special Boating Conditions ................................................................. 43Operating in Freezing Temperatures ................................................... 43Shallow Water Operation ..................................................................... 43High Altitude Operation ........................................................................ 44Salt Water Operation ........................................................................... 44High Performance Boat Operation ....................................................... 45
Engine Shutdown ...................................................................................... 46Before Engine Shutdown ..................................................................... 46Stop the Engine ..................................................................................... 46After Engine Shutdown ........................................................................ 47
Operation Break ................................................................................... 47Engine Flush ........................................................................................ 48Aquatic Invasive Species ..................................................................... 50Drive Position, When Not in Use .......................................................... 51Trailering Your Boat ............................................................................. 51
Draining the Engine .............................................................................. 52In Case of Emergency .............................................................................. 56
Running Aground .................................................................................. 56Engine Submersion .............................................................................. 58Starting Using Auxiliary Batteries ....................................................... 58
Troubleshooting ........................................................................................ 60Engine Troubleshooting Guides .............................................................. 60Engine Will Not Crank ............................................................................. 61Engine Cranks, But Will Not Start ........................................................... 61Hard Starting – Cold Engine ................................................................... 62Hard Starting – Hot Engine ..................................................................... 62Engine Noises and Vibrations ................................................................. 63Engine Runs Rough ................................................................................ 64Engine Temperature Too High ................................................................ 64Engine Dies Out ...................................................................................... 65Engine Won’t Reach Operating RPM ...................................................... 65Low Oil Pressure or Engine Knock ......................................................... 66Low Battery Voltage After Short Storage ................................................ 66Less than Optimal Performance .............................................................. 67Hull Weight .............................................................................................. 67Boat Bottom ............................................................................................ 68Engine Protection Mode .......................................................................... 68Engine Won't Restart, after running out of fuel ....................................... 69Low oil pressure ...................................................................................... 69Engine Overheats ................................................................................... 70Water in Bellows ..................................................................................... 70Water in Oil and Oil Level ....................................................................... 71Electric Fuel Pumps ................................................................................ 71Fuse and Relay Box ................................................................................ 72Powertrim ................................................................................................ 72Steering ................................................................................................... 73Active Corrosion Protection System ........................................................ 74Static Water Line ..................................................................................... 75Static Water Line Test ............................................................................. 76
Maintenance .............................................................................................. 77
2 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Service Protocol ...................................................................................... 77Scheduled Maintenance .......................................................................... 77Preventative Maintenance and Safe Boat Operation .............................. 77Owners Checklist .................................................................................... 78Owner's Responsibility ............................................................................ 78Emissions Control Components .............................................................. 79Hour Meter .............................................................................................. 79Doing Your Own Maintenance and Repairs ............................................ 80Stop the Engine Before Service .............................................................. 81Pressure Washing ................................................................................... 82Certified Engines ..................................................................................... 83Service and Maintenance Points ............................................................. 84Engine, General ..................................................................................... 85
Serpentine Belt .................................................................................... 85Lubrication System ............................................................................... 85
Scheduled Oil Service .......................................................................... 85Checking Engine Oil Level ................................................................... 85Adding Oil if Low .................................................................................. 86
Fuel System ........................................................................................... 87High Pressure Fuel System ................................................................. 87Safety Information ................................................................................ 87Ethanol-Blended Gasoline ................................................................... 88Engine Fuel Filter Replacement ........................................................... 89Preparing the Fuel System for Storage ................................................ 90Electronic Fuel Injection ....................................................................... 90
Cooling System ..................................................................................... 91Impeller: Checking & Replacing ........................................................... 91Freshwater Cooling System ................................................................. 91
Inlet and Exhaust System ..................................................................... 92Exhaust Bellows and Clamps .............................................................. 92Exhaust Anodes ................................................................................... 92
Ignition System ..................................................................................... 93Spark Plugs .......................................................................................... 93
Electrical System .................................................................................. 94Battery .................................................................................................. 94
Drive ....................................................................................................... 95Checking the Drive Unit Lubricant ....................................................... 95Painting the Drive ................................................................................. 95Powertrim/Tilt-Fluid .............................................................................. 96Pitot Tube (Speedometer Port) ............................................................ 96Anodes ................................................................................................. 97Oil Sensor Reset .................................................................................. 98
Propeller ................................................................................................. 99Propeller Care ...................................................................................... 99Propeller Replacement ........................................................................ 99
Steering ................................................................................................ 100Power Steering Reservoir Fluid Level ................................................ 100
Storage ..................................................................................................... 101Laying Up (Winterization) ...................................................................... 101Short-Term Storage ............................................................................ 101Long-Term Storage ............................................................................. 102Bringing Out of Storage ..................................................................... 103
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 3
After Short-Term Storage ................................................................... 103After Long-Term Storage ................................................................... 104
Technical Data ......................................................................................... 105Engines ................................................................................................ 105
Engine Specifications ......................................................................... 105Engine RPM Range ........................................................................... 105
Lubrication System ............................................................................. 106Engine Oil Specifications ................................................................... 106Engine Oil Capacity ........................................................................... 106Oil Filter .............................................................................................. 106
Fuel System ......................................................................................... 107Octane Requirements ........................................................................ 107Ethanol-Blended Gasoline ................................................................. 107Biobutanol-Blended Gasoline ............................................................ 108Methanol ............................................................................................ 109Fuel Filter ........................................................................................... 109
Cooling System ................................................................................... 110Coolant ............................................................................................... 110Coolant Capacity ................................................................................ 110
Electrical System ................................................................................ 111Electrical System ............................................................................... 111Battery Cables ................................................................................... 111Battery ................................................................................................ 111
Drive ..................................................................................................... 112Drive Unit Lubrication ......................................................................... 112
Identification Numbers ....................................................................... 113Declaration of Conformity .................................................................. 114
Recreational Craft Directive ............................................................... 114
Index ......................................................................................................... 115
4 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Foreword
Welcome AboardCongratulations on choosing a new boat equippedwith a Volvo Penta marine engine. Volvo Penta hasbeen building marine engines since 1907. Quality,operating reliability, and innovation have made VolvoPenta a world leader in the marine engine industry.From engineering design and manufacturing tosupport activities in Parts, Service, and Sales, highstandards have been set to ensure your pride andsatisfaction as the owner of a Volvo Penta product.
As an owner of a Volvo Penta marine engine, wewould also like to welcome you to a worldwidenetwork of dealers and service workshops to assistyou with technical advice, service requirements andreplacement parts. Please contact your nearestauthorized Volvo Penta dealer for assistance.
Safety will always be our most distinguishing corevalue. Volvo has a long history of safety innovationsin all areas of our business. Concern for the safety ofour customers is embedded in all Volvo products.
Environmental Care in all operations is an integralpart of the Volvo commitment towards customers,employees, and the community. By embracing careof the environment as a core value, Volvodemonstrates its understanding of the environmentalimpact its products have upon nature and the sharedurban and rural surroundings.
Volvo Penta continually commits a considerable partof its development resources toward minimizing theenvironmental impact of its products. Examples ofareas where we are always looking for improvementsare exhaust emissions, noise levels, and fuelconsumption.
Regardless of whether your Volvo Penta engine isinstalled in a boat used for pleasure or commercialoperation, incorrect operation or impropermaintenance of the engine will result in disturbanceor damage to the environment.
Our Core Values: Quality, Safety,Environmental CareVolvo Penta’s core values of quality, safety, and carefor the environment are central to our operations andactivities. They express what we believe in as acompany.
Quality is a value that historically referred just toproduct quality, but now encompasses all aspects ofour products and services. Volvo Penta’s qualitycommitment extends beyond industrialcraftsmanship and engineering ingenuity to embracecare for the customer throughout the life of theproduct.
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 5
ModelsV6-200-N, V6-240-N, V6-280-N
This operator’s manual covers the following models;
V6–200V6–240V6–250V6–280
A suffix follows the number. Example; V6–280-G. Theletter in the suffix is for version control.
These engines do not have catalytic converters.
Engines with catalytic converters (example: V6–280–C-G) and/or Electronic Vessel Control (example: V6–280–CE-G) are covered by other manuals.
About this ManualOur quality processes ensure that the correctoperator’s manual is delivered with your powerpackage. However if you are unsure whether you havethe correct manual, or would like to purchase a newmanual, please visit the publication section of ourwebsite, (volvopenta.com). Use your serial number atthe publication search, the site will provide you with thecorrect manual.
The publication search will also provide you with all ofthe other publications that are available for your powerpackage.
When seeking assistance from your dealer regardingyour power package, always provide the serial numberfor your engine.
This manual contains the information you need tooperate and maintain your power package. Topicssuch as service, troubleshooting, and storage are alsocovered, however at a less detailed level. For moredetailed information see your authorized Volvo Pentadealer, or the service manuals for your package.
P0019970
P0018149
Foreword
6 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Safety InformationSafety Alert Symbol and SafetyMessages
This section explains the way safety information is presented in this manual.
Safety Alert Symbol
This is a symbol that indicates a potential personal injury hazard. When you see this symbolcarefully read and follow the instructions that follow. Personal injury is possible if the instructionsare not followed.
Safety Messages
US and international standards exist and are followed in this manual to alert you of hazards as you areoperating or working on your boat. As you read the procedures be aware of the following signal words andtheir definitions:
DANGER!Indicates a hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, result in death or serious injury.
WARNING!Indicates a hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious personal injury.
CAUTION!Indicates a hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate personal injury.
Look for the safety alert symbol and Danger, Warning, and Caution messages in this manual. They alertyou to possible safety issues or important safety information. They also provide instructions on how to avoidthe safety issue.
IMPORTANT!NOTICE!These messages are used to provide information that will prevent damage to the product (engine, drive) orother property. Failure to comply with a Notice or Important message may result in equipment failure ordamage.
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 7
Safety Precautions While Operatingthe BoatThoroughly read this operator’s manuals and otherinformation supplied with your new boat. Learn tooperate the engine, controls and other equipmentsafely and correctly.
If this is your first boat or it is a boat type with whichyou are unfamiliar, we recommend that you practiceoperating the boat away from other vessels, docks,shallow areas, and other obstacles.
Remember that the person driving a boat is legallyrequired to know and follow the current navigation andsafety laws. Make sure you know the laws that applyto you and the waters in which you are boating. Contactthe relevant authorities for specifics.
We strongly recommend you take a course in safeboating. Contact your local boating organization to findavailable courses.
Always observe the following minimumprecautions while boating:
Insist on the use of personal flotation devices (lifepreservers) by all passengers at all times.
Never operate a boat if you are under the influence ofalcohol or drugs.
P0018130
P0018131
P0018132
Safety Information
8 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Use extreme care when refueling the boat. Follow thesafety messages below, and any found in the boat’smanual or posted at the refueling station.
DANGER!Gasoline is extremely flammable and highly explosive.Always turn off the engine before refueling. Do notsmoke or allow open flames or sparks near the boatwhen adding fuel. When filling the gas tank, ground thetank to the source of gasoline by holding the hosenozzle firmly against the side of the deck filler plate, orground it in some other manner. This action preventsstatic electricity buildup that could cause sparks andignite fuel vapors.
DANGER!Fuel and vapors will be present during procedure,which can result in an explosion; provide ventilationand eliminate all sources of spark or flame.
Never overfill the tank. Completely close the fuel fillercap when finished.
DANGER!To prevent a possible explosion hazard, operate theengine compartment bilge blower as recommended bythe boat manufacturer before starting the engine. Donot operate the engine without a fully functioning bilgeblower.
Safety messages covering gasoline and fuel vaporsencountered while working on your boat or engine areprovided in the appropraite locations throughout themanual. Look for the saftey alert symbol (triangle).
DANGER!A rotating propeller can cause serious injury.
Never boat near people who are swimming or wherethere is a risk that there are people in the water. Theengine must be off if there is anyone in the water nearthe boat.
Check that nobody is in the water before shifting thedrive in to gear.
Never swim or board at the rear of the boat when theengine is running, even if the drive is in neutral.
Never use the drive unit as a ladder or as a lift to boardthe boat.
No one should be in the water at the transom or swimplatform if the engine is running. This is also a carbonmonoxide poisoning hazard, see Carbon Monoxide.
P0018152
P0016598
Safety Information
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 9
Personal injury is possible when performing themaintenance or service work described in this manual.This work can involve rotating belts and parts, pinchpoints, hot surfaces, fuels that are explosive andchemicals that are fire hazards. These hazards arecovered in the procedures, look for the safety alertsymbol (triangle).
A key component of safety on a boat is the conditionof the boat and its systems, including the powerpackage. A boat that has not been regularlymaintained or that has neglected mechanical problemsis more likely to break down, potentially leaving itspassengers in dangerous situations.
P0018155
P0018148
Safety Information
10 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Carbon Monoxide
22770
For your safety, we recommend that you install a good quality marine carbon monoxide detector aboardyour boat, in accordance with ABYC recommended practices.
The remainder of this chapter (information regarding carbon monoxide and respective illustrations) are providedcourtesy of the American Boat and Yacht Council.
Properties and Characteristics of Carbon MonoxideCarbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that weighs about the same as air. It cannotbe expected to rise or fall like some other gases because it will distribute itself throughout the space. Do not relyon the sense of smell or sight of other gases to detect CO as it diffuses in the air much more rapidly than easilydetectable vapors, (i.e., visible and aromatic vapors).
What Makes Carbon Monoxide?Carbon monoxide is produced any time a material containing carbon burns. Examples include, but are not limitedto, gasoline, natural gas, oil, propane, coal, or wood. Some common sources of CO are internal combustionengines and open flame appliances such as:
● Gas propulsion engines ● Space heaters● Auxiliary gas engines (gensets) ● Water heaters● Cooking ranges ● Fireplaces● Central heating plants ● Charcoal grills
The carbon monoxide component of diesel exhaust is extremely low relative to the carbon monoxide level foundin gasoline engine exhaust.
Safety Information
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 11
How is a Person Affected by Carbon Monoxide?Carbon monoxide is absorbed by the lungs and reacts with blood hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, whichreduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. The result is a lack of oxygen for the tissues, with subsequenttissue death and, if exposure is prolonged, death of the individual.
Carbon monoxide in high concentrations can be fatal in a matter of minutes. Lower concentrations must not beignored because the effects of exposure to CO are cumulative and can be just as lethal.
Symptoms of CO Poisoning – The sequence of symptoms listed generally reflects the order of occurrence inmost people; however, there are many variables that affect this order of symptom manifestation. One or more ofthe following symptoms can signal the adverse effect of CO accumulation:
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
Watering and itchy eyesFlushed appearanceThrobbing templesInattentivenessInability to think coherentlyLoss of physical coordinationRinging in the earsTightness across the chestHeadache
10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.
DrowsinessIncoherenceSlurred speechNauseaDizzinessFatigueVomitingCollapseConvulsions
Emergency Treatment for CO Poisoning – CO toxicity is a life-threatening emergency that requires immediateattention. Following is a list of actions that should be carried out if CO poisoning is suspected. Proceed withcaution. Keep in mind that the victim may be in an area of high CO concentration and take care when entering.
● Evaluate the situation and ventilate the areaif possible.
● Contact medical help. If the victim is not breathing,perform rescue breathing or approvedcardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), asappropriate, until medical help arrives. Promptaction can make the difference between life anddeath.
● Evacuate the area and move affectedperson(s) to a fresh air environment.
● Observe the victim(s).
● Administer oxygen, if available. ● Investigate the source of CO and take correctiveaction.
Marine CO Detection SystemsEven with the best of boat design and construction, and scrupulous attention to inspection, operation, andmaintenance of boat systems, hazardous levels of CO may, under certain conditions, be present in interior spacesand exterior areas. Vigilant observation of passengers for CO sickness symptoms should be supplemented bymarine CO detection devices in any enclosed accommodation spaces. Detection devices should be marked with“Marine Carbon Monoxide Detector” or “A-24.”
What to do When the Alarm SoundsActuation of a CO alarm indicates the presence of Carbon Monoxide (CO) which can kill you. If alarm sounds,take the following actions as appropriate:
● Shut off sources of CO such as engines (ifsafe to do so), generators, and open flamestoves.
● Provide fresh air through actions such as openingport lights, hatches, and doors.
● Look for sources of CO that may be fromother boats and take appropriate steps,which may include moving your boat to a safearea.
● If anyone is exhibiting signs of CO poisoning, movethem to fresh air and seek medical assistance.
Boat OperationDon’t run engine(s) or auxiliary generator(s) on boats with enclosed accommodation compartments unless theboat is equipped with a functioning marine carbon monoxide detector that complies with 2ABYC A-24, CarbonMonoxide Detection Systems on Boats.
Safety Information
12 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Stationary OperationA boat operator should be aware that dangerousconcentrations of CO can accumulate when propulsionengines and/or an auxiliary generator is operated whilethe boat is stationary. This is especially true whenrafted or moored in a confined area such asboathouses, or when in close proximity to seawalls orother boats.
The risk from CO is greatly increased when thereis little or no wind present.
Keep engine room hatches and doors closed whenoperating engine(s) and/or generator set(s).
Pay attention to prevailing conditions and provide forventilation to induce fresh air and minimize exhaust re-entry.
When the propulsion engine or generator is running,CO is produced and may remain in the vicinity of theexhaust outlet. CO accumulation may remainentrapped for some time after the engine or generatoris turned off.
● Do not occupy aft lounging area(s) or swimplatform,
● Do not swim under or around swim platform,● Do not swim in the vicinity of exhaust outlet(s).
Since carbon monoxide production is greater whenengines are cold versus when they are warm, a boatoperator should minimize the time spent on gettingunderway. In order to minimize CO buildup, do notwarm up or run propulsion engine(s) for extendedperiods while the vessel is stationary.
A boat operator should be aware that carbon monoxideis emitted from any boat’s exhaust. Boats mooredclose together can affect each other. Operation,mooring, and anchoring in an area where other boats'engines or generators are running may put your boatin an atmosphere containing CO, even if your boat’sengine(s) is(are) not running. Boat operators need tobe aware of the effect of their boat on other boats inthe area. Of prime concern is the operation of anauxiliary generator where boats are moored alongsideeach other. Be aware of the effect your exhaust mayhave on other boats and be aware that the operationof other boats’ equipment may affect the carbonmonoxide concentration on your boat.
51613
51614
51615
Safety Information
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 13
Underway OperationDo not sit on, occupy or hang on any stern appendages(e.g., swim platforms, boarding ladders, etc.) whileunderway. Do not body surf, commonly known as “teaksurfing” or “platform dragging,” in the wake of the boat.Do not tow persons in close proximity to the stern ofthe boat.
Backdrafting (Station Wagon Effect)Backdrafting is caused by air movement over oraround a boat creating a low pressure or suction areaaround the stern that can increase CO level on theboat. Backdrafting can be affected by relative winddirection, boat speed, and boat trim angle. At certainspeeds and under certain operating conditions the lowpressure area may form in other regions and permitcarbon monoxide to enter the hull through openingsthat are not at the back of the boat.
Other factors during boat operation which may affectcarbon monoxide concentration include:
● Adding or removing canvas may raise or lower
CO levels. Image #51618 illustrates desiredairflow through the boat. As shown in image#51619, certain canvas configurations, such asside curtains and position of hatches, canincrease backdrafting.
● Intentional or unintentional excessive trim angle(e.g., high bow angle or excessively unequaldistribution of weight) may raise the CO level andshould be avoided (see image #51620).
51616
51617
51618
51619
51620
Safety Information
14 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
● Opening and closing ports, hatches, doors, andwindows may raise or lower CO levels on boarda boat. When airflow is moving forward inside theboat, CO may be entering the boat.
● Operating a boat at slow speeds with a followingwind should be avoided. Consider changingdirection, adjusting speed, or both(see image #51621).
● Be aware that cockpit and deck drains can be asource of CO ingress into boats, especially boatswith cockpits or decks enclosed with canvas orpermanent boat structures.
● Altitude and Sea Conditions – Operation ataltitudes greater than 5,000 ft (1500m)contributes to inefficient engine performance andmay require adjustments to ignition systems, fuelsystems, or changing the propeller’s size or gearratio. Failure to make adjustments to ignitionsystems and/or fuel systems for altitudeconditions may cause an increase in CO.Reduced power resulting from increased altitudemay require adjustments to propeller size. Heavyseas or out of trim conditions tend to loadengines, resulting in reduced performance andincreased CO production.
● Portable Generator Sets – Do not use thisequipment on boats. Gasoline powered portablegenerator sets produce CO. These setsdischarge their exhaust products in locationswhich can lead to an increase in the accumulationof carbon monoxide in enclosed accommodationspaces.
MaintenanceEngine Performance – Efficient engine performance isvital to minimizing CO production. Efficient engineperformance can be ensured through regularmaintenance. Refer to the Maintenance chapter of thismanual for instructions on keeping your engine in goodcondition.
NOTICE! Be sure to see your Volvo Penta dealer forregular inspections and service.
51621
Safety Information
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 15
California Proposition 65 WARNING!
Operating, servicing and maintaining a recreationalmarine vessel can expose you to chemicals includingengine exhaust, carbon monoxide, phthalates, andlead, which are known to the State of California tocause cancer and birth defects or other reproductiveharm. To minimize exposure, avoid breathing exhaust,service your vessel in a well-ventilated area and weargloves or wash your hands frequently when servicingthis vessel. For more information go towww.P65warnings.ca.gov/marine.P0026294
Safety Information
16 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
IntroductionWarranty InformationSee the “Warranty Information” sheet provided withyour engine for directions for obtaining the correctwarranty statements.
Volvo Penta Dealer NetworkThe Volvo Penta worldwide network of authorizeddealers is at your service. Volvo Penta stronglyrecommends that you take your product to anauthorized Volvo Penta dealer for service or repair.They are specialists in Volvo Penta products and havethe accessories, genuine Volvo Penta parts, testequipment, and tools necessary for high quality serviceand repair work.
Dealer Locator ServicesIf you are away from home and need service ormaintenance on your engine and drive, take yourproduct to the nearest Volvo Penta servicing dealer.For the name and location of the nearest Volvo Pentadealers, use the Find a Dealer feature on the VolvoPenta web site (see below).
Customers in the US can also call toll free;1.800.522.1959.
Volvo Penta on the Internetwww.volvopenta.com
Whether you’re trying to replace a lost operator’smanual, searching for updated service informationabout your engine, looking for parts information, orsimply attempting to locate the nearest authorizedVolvo Penta dealer, Volvo Penta on the Internet is theweb site to visit. Additionally, you will find a wealth ofinformation related to our company and all the new andinnovative products we have to offer.
P0016522
P0019994
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 17
Customer RelationsFor customers in the United States.
The Volvo Penta Customer Relations Department maybe contacted at the following address;
Volvo Penta of the Americasattn: Customer Relations1300 Volvo Penta DriveChesapeake, Virginia 23320, USA
You may also call;Phone: 866.273.2539
Volvo Penta Action ServiceOur global dealer network, your first line of contact, isbacked up by Volvo Penta Action Service, a phonebased breakdown and support service providingassistance 24 hours a day, every day of the year.
How it worksA dedicated operator will support you all the waythrough your case and keep you updated on status andprogress.Whenever on-site assistance or technical support isneeded, the operator will put you in contact with theclosest Volvo Penta dealer that can support yourproduct.
Phone numbersFind your Volvo Penta Action Service phone numberand more information on www.volvopenta.com.
Introduction
18 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Instruments and ControlsThis section describes Volvo Penta instrumentation(gauges) and controls and their functions.
Note that the instruments, gauges and controls areinstalled by the boat builder and may not be VolvoPenta parts. The layout and gauges used are alsodetermined by the boatbuilder.
If your boat is equipped with instruments not describedhere, or you are not sure about their functionality,please refer to the manual for your boat, or contactyour Volvo Penta dealer.
Ignition Lock
Ignition switchUsually located at the helm, near the gauges.
Key positions control power to accessories, power tothe electrical system, and starting the engine;
APower is provided to run accessories.Ignition is OFF and engine is OFF.Not present on all ignition switches.
OOff position, the key can be inserted or removed.
IIgnition is ON and engine is OFF. System energized.
SSTART position (momentary). The starter motor isengaged and starting the engine.See Starting, page 27.
Volvo Penta ignition keys are marked with a code foruse when ordering extra keys. Record the code so thatreplacement keys can be ordered.
P0016523
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 19
GaugesThis section provides the general description andfunction of the gauges found on a boat.
1 TachometerGives the engine speed in RPM (revolutions perminute).
2 SpeedometerProvides boat speed.
3 Temperature GaugeShows engine temperature, measured in thecooling water or coolant.
4 Oil Pressure GaugeIndicates the engine oil pressure. Look for trends orchanges in the oil pressure reading. Lower oilpressure is normal and should be expected at idleafter a sustained cruise.
5 VoltmeterShows the voltage in the electrical system. Whenthe engine is running, alternator charge voltage isshown, normal reading is approximately 14 volts.When the engine is off (key on), battery voltage isshown, normal voltage is approximately 12 volts.
6 Fuel GaugeProvides fill level of fuel tank(s).
7 Trim GaugePosition of the drive relative to vertical, explained inmore detail at Trim Gauge, page 21 .
P0018173
Instruments and Controls
20 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
PowertrimYour Volvo Penta drive is equipped with a power trimsystem as standard equipment. The power trim allowsthe operator to raise and lower the drive from the helm.This changes the angle of the drive (and its thrust) inrelation to the boat bottom. This is called trimming, andprovides the following benefits:
• Improves acceleration to planing.
• Keeps the boat on plane at reduced throttle settings.
• Improves fuel economy.
• Provides smoother and/or drier ride in choppy waterconditions.
• Increases maximum speed.
WARNING!Risk of personal injury. Read the procedures andsafety messages in Operation before operating thesecontrols.
Trim system controls and gauges are shown in thissection. Use of the trim system during boating andrelated safety messages are covered in Powertrim/Tilt, page 36 in Operation. Do not operate the trimsystem until you have read that chapter.
Powertrim ControlThe trim system is controlled by trim switches locatedon the control lever.
Upward button movement raises the drive up, or awayfrom the transom.
Downward button movement lowers the drive, ortowards the transom.
Complete instructions on trim system use are includedin Powertrim/Tilt, page 36.
Trim GaugeTrim gauges show the relative position of the boat’sbow, based on the drive trim angle.
P0018265
P0018130
Instruments and Controls
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 21
The digital instrument shows the trim angle in numbersand the trim range (TRIM) and beach range (BEACH)in text. The higher the number, the higher the bowposition.
The analog trim instrument shows the bow positionbased on the current position of the drive. Thisinstrument has three ranges:
3. Tilt range
2. Beach range
1. Trim range
For an explanation of trim ranges, refer to TrimRanges, page 38.
Gauges shown are from Volvo Penta. Other trimgauges use similar functionality and terminology.
P0018174
P0018175
Instruments and Controls
22 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Controls
Shift and throttle control WARNING!
Risk of personal injury. Read the procedures andsafety messages in Operation before operating thesecontrols.
See Shifting and Speed Control, page 33.
Volvo Penta controls are available in side-mount, top-mount, or twin top-mount configurations.
The control lever A operates both the drive shiftfunction and engine throttle. There are control cablesbetween the control and the shift mechanism andthrottle control, that transfer lever movement to thesefunctions.
For twin installations there is a lever for each driveline.The port lever controls the port driveline, the starboardlever controls the starboard driveline.
Control features
A Control lever
B Trim and tilt button
C Neutral interlock button
D Throttle only
All controls have an internal neutral safety switch,which prevents engine starting if the drive is in gear.
If your boat is equipped with a control that is not fromVolvo Penta, ask your dealer for operating instructionsfor your control. Operation and function may differ fromthe Volvo Penta controls shown here.
Adjusting the control leverVolvo Penta controls have a friction brake that can beadjusted to provide lighter or heavier lever action. Ifyour control is too hard or too easy to move, see yourdealer for adjustment. The procedure is also coveredin the Service and Maintenance Manual.
For non-Volvo Penta controls see the instructions forthe control.
Instruments and Controls
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 23
Optional
Active Corrosion ProtectionSystemYour boat may be equipped with a Volvo Penta activecorrosion protection system (ACPS).
The ACPS acts as an active anode and is designed toreduce the galvanic corrosion of underwater parts ofthe drive. The system works in conjunction with thedrive’s sacrificial anodes. The sacrificial anodes maylast much longer with ACPS, however they must stillbe checked periodically, see Owners Checklist.
NOTICE! The active corrosion protection system isdesigned to adequately protect one drive unit fromgalvanic corrosion under normal operating conditions.This system will not provide protection from straycurrents emitted by a malfunctioning AC power sourceon your boat, the pier, or other boats in close proximityto yours.
NOTICE! ACPS is designed for salt water applicationsonly; using the system in fresh water–while harmless–will not protect your drive from corrosion.
The ACPS control module will be mounted near therear of the engine.
The module has green G and red R LED indicatorlights. The lights indicate the status of the system:
1 Green LED only indicates the system is working.
2 Green and red LEDs on, the system is working,however the system is drawing power.
3 Red LED only, the system has power but is notworking (no protection).
4 No LEDS, the system does not have power, and isnot working (no protection).
If conditions 2, 3, or 4 exist, see Active CorrosionProtection System, page 74 in Troubleshooting.
If your drive is not equipped with ACPS, the systemcan be purchased from your authorized Volvo Pentadealer.
P0018276
24 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Seawater StrainerYour engine may be fitted with an optional seawaterstrainer.
The seawater strainer is mounted above the heatexchanger, on the left front corner of the engine. Thereare two mounting options; side or front.
The strainer prevents seaweed, eel grass, and otherdebris from entering the cooling system with thecooling water. Without a strainer, this debris couldblock the cooling system, particularly the heatexchanger, and cause engine overheating.
If your engine does not have a strainer, and youoperate in areas where this type debris is common, seeyour Volvo Penta dealer about installing a seawaterstrainer.
If experiencing an overheat condition or fault code,check the strainer as part of troubleshooting.
Service1 Unscrew the cover A and remove the sealing
plate B and seal C.
2 Lift out the basket D and clean out all debris.
3 Check for debris on the intake side of the strainer,clear if present.
4 Reassemble the parts as shown.
NOTICE! Make sure the strainer is reassembledcorrectly; seal and plate in place, cover screwed downtightly. If not, air will be drawn in to the cooling water,which can cause an overheat situation.
The strainer should be checked before each trip,especially in areas with high amounts of debris in thewater.
P0023347
P0023348
Optional
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 25
Water heater
Hot Water OutletHeated water from the engine’s cooling system can beused to heat hot water tanks, cabin heaters and otheraccessories on a boat.
The water is drawn from the engine and returned to theexpansion tank with a system of fittings and hoses A.
If your engine is equipped with a hot water outletsystem the impact on normal boat operation should beminimal. Keep the following in mind if your engine hasthis system:
• Extra hoses and the accessory add to coolingsystem capacity. Engine warm up may take longer.
• The extra capacity must be accounted for whenreplacing the coolant.
P0019974
Optional
26 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Starting
Before StartingFor your safety and to increase your enjoyment of yourtime boating, perform the following checks beforestarting your engine;
DANGER!Explosion hazard! Never operate an engine/boat witha suspected or actual fuel leak.
• To prevent a possible explosion or fire, check theengine and engine compartment for the presence ofgasoline fumes.
• Only start the engine in a well-ventilated area. Ifoperating the engine in an enclosed space, ensurethat there is proper ventilation in order to removeexhaust gases from the area. See CarbonMonoxide, page 11.
• Thoroughly familiarize yourself with operation of theshift and throttle control before proceeding.
• Never use start spray or similar agents to start anengine. This may cause an explosion in the intakemanifold.
• Before you to start your engine, be sure to performthe inspection items provided in the daily checklist.See Owners Checklist, page 78.
• Do not start the engine out of the water unless youhave connected a hose with running water to theengine flushing port (see Engine Flush, page 48for instructions).
• Before using your boat, see Static WaterLine, page 75 for important information about theload (weight) on the boat and how it relates to wateringestion in the engine.
Onboard Tools and PartsPreparation is one of the keys to safety at sea. VolvoPenta recommends you have the following tools andparts on your boat;
• Spare propeller(s), hardware and prop tools
• Seawater pump impeller kit
• Fuel filters and filter wrench
• Basic set of hand tools
• Spare hose clamps, various sizes
• Electrical and duct tape
• Tie wraps
P0018283
P0018284
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 27
Pre-start Procedure DANGER!
Never allow an open flame or electric sparks near thebattery or batteries. Never smoke in proximity to thebatteries. The batteries give off hydrogen gas duringcharging which, when mixed with air, can form anexplosive gas. This gas is easily ignited and highlyvolatile.
1 Turn main battery switch A to an ON position.
WARNING!To prevent a possible explosion hazard, operate theengine compartment bilge blower as recommended bythe boat manufacturer before starting the engine. Donot operate the engine without a fully functioning bilgeblower.
2 Start the boat’s bilge blower and run asrecommended by the boat manufacturer.Frequently check boat’s bilge area for gasolinefumes.
3 Check the bilge for excessive water accumulation.Bilge water will run to the transom duringacceleration and could damage the starter or otherengine components.
4 Check the engine oil level, top off if needed.
5 If your engine is equipped with a freshwater coolingsystem, check the coolant (antifreeze) level, top offif needed.
6 Check the Easy Drain system, the handle must bein the closed X position. See EngineShutdown, page 52 for operation of the EasyDrain system.Position O is open, do not start or run the engine inthis position.
7 Insert the key into the ignition switch, at position O(Off). Turn the key to position I (Ignition) to energizethe electrical system.
8 Make sure that the fuel gauge is operating and thatyou have enough fuel.
P0008711
P0018309
Starting
28 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
9 Lower the drive unit to normal run position; makesure the water intakes are submerged. Thereshould be no obstructions in the water near thepropellers.
Starting the EngineThe engine has an auto-crank feature that assistsengine starting. With auto-crank, the ignition switchworks differently than with traditional starting systems.
1 Move the control handle to NEUTRAL position N.
2 From the O (Off) position, turn the key to S (Start)and quickly release back to I (Ignition). Auto-crankwill engage, and the engine will crank until it starts(five second maximum).
3 If the engine does not start, move the key back toO and repeat step 2.
During engine operation breaks, you can leave the keyat I to operate electronics that require power when theengine is not running. This will not damage the ignitionsystem.
NOTICE! With engine off and key at I (Ignition), movingthe key to S (Start) and holding the key will NOT startthe engine. You must move the key back to O (Off) anduse step 2 above.
NOTICE! With the engine running, turning the key tothe S (Start) position and holding it will cause theengine to shut down while leaving the ignition ON.
If the engine floods during a warm start, follow thedirections In the following section to start the engine.
P0018308
P0016544
Starting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 29
Flooded EngineTo clear a flooded engine:
1 Press button at A to disengage the shiftmechanism. Lever will then control throttle only.
2 Advance the lever to the full throttle position B.
3 Try to start the engine, turn the key to O (Off) andthen to S (Start). Auto-crank will attempt to start theengine. If the engine does not start, return the keyto Off and repeat the procedure. See “Starting theEngine above.
4 After the engine starts, move the throttle back to theneutral position to return to normal operating mode.
P0016544
Starting
30 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
OperationBe sure you have read and understand everything inStarting, page 27 prior to continuing with this section.
Break-in ProceduresSpecial operating procedures must be followed for thefirst 20 hours of engine use. See the Engine Break-inmanual that came with the engine.
Reading the Instruments WARNING!
Failure to track the gauge readings for problems couldlead to engine breakdowns, which could put you, yourcrew and the boat at risk. Engine damage is alsopossible.
Monitor the gauges while operating the boat. Alsolisten for the engine alarm. Investigate the problem andcorrect before proceeding.
NOTICE! If oil pressure is too low: Stop the engineimmediately and investigate. Operating the enginewith low oil pressure will damage the engine.
See Low Oil Pressure or Engine Knock, page 66.
Normal operating temperatures for these engines is155° — 180°F (68° — 82°C).
WARNING!Risk of fire. Immediately investigate any engineoverheat situation. The engine can catch fire if theoverheat is prolonged or severe. Correct the overheatsituation before using the boat/engine.
NOTICE! If engine temperature is too high: reducespeed to idle and investigate. Operating an engine withhigh temperatures will damage the engine.
See Engine Temperature Too High, page 64.
NOTICE! Do not run engine out of fuel or run theelectric fuel pumps dry more than 20 seconds. Runningthe electric fuel pumps dry will damage the fuel pumps.
P0018285
P0018286
P0018287
P0018288
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 31
AlarmsThe alarm is usually mounted out of sight under thedash, behind the gauges. It is a high decibel horn thatis activated by the engine’s control system.
The alarm will sound to warn you that there is aproblem with your engine or drive. Alarms sound forthe following engine malfunctions:
• Low engine oil pressure
• Engine overheating, coolant and exhaust
• Water in drive bellows (OceanX only)
• Water in drive oil or low drive oil level (OceanX only)
• Other engine conditions that could cause enginedamage.
NOTICE! Continuing to run the engine withoutcorrecting the cause of the problem may result inengine damage or equipment failure.
For a detailed explanation of the problems mentionedabove and the corrective steps refer toTroubleshooting.
Maneuvering
Safety precautions for boatoperation
DANGER!A rotating propeller can cause serious injury.
Never boat near people who are swimming or wherethere is a risk that there are people in the water. Theengine must be off if there is anyone in the water nearthe boat.
Check that nobody is in the water before shifting thedrive in to gear.
Never swim or board at the rear of the boat when theengine is running, even if the drive is in neutral.
Never use the drive unit as a ladder or as a lift to boardthe boat.
No one should be in the water at the transom or swimplatform if the engine is running. This is also a carbonmonoxide poisoning hazard, see CarbonMonoxide, page 11.
P0018310
P0008745
P0016598
Operation
32 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Shifting and Speed ControlThe control lever operates both the drive shift functionand engine throttle. There are control cables betweenthe control and the shift mechanism and throttlecontrol, that transfer lever movement to thesefunctions.
From the neutral position, the first step of the levermovement controls the shifting. There is a small detentat the end of this step. The next part of the levermovement controls the throttle and engine speed .
WARNING!Possible loss of boat control. Be aware of changes inthe way the control mechanism operates. Hardshifting, rough lever action, or other abnormalconditions indicate a problem with the shift/throttlesystem. Correct the problem before using the boat.Continued operation could result in loss of shift andthrottle control.
Verify proper functionality of all control and enginesystems before leaving the dock.
DANGER!A rotating propeller can cause serious injury. Makesure no one is in the water near the boat before shiftingthe drive in to gear.
Neutral Interlock ButtonYour control may have a neutral interlock button. Theneutral interlock button prevents accidental movementof the control lever out of the neutral position.
To move the control lever away from neutral:While holding the button, move the control lever in thedesired direction, forward or reverse.Once the lever is out of the neutral position, releasethe button.
The neutral interlock will automatically re-engagewhen the control lever is returned to the neutralposition.
Operation
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 33
1 The control lever must be in the neutral position Nto start the engine.
2 To go forward: move the control lever forward fromneutral N to the forward gear engagement detentposition F. Throttle movement T begins afterforward gear engagement. Move the control leverforward to increase speed.
3 To go in reverse: move the control lever back fromneutral to reverse gear engagement detent positionR. Throttle movement T begins after reverse gearengagement. Move the control lever back toincrease speed. Avoid high speed in reverse gear.
4 To go from forward to reverse, or reverse toforward, always pause at neutral N and allowengine speed to return to idle.
NOTICE! Shifting directly between forward andreverse may damage the drive or the engine (wateringestion). The damage could be severe.
NOTICE! Do not shift gears if engine speed is above800 RPM. High RPM shifting may damage the drive.
Throttle OnlyThe gear shift can be disengaged so that the controllever only operates the engine throttle.
To disengage the shift mechanism, move the controllever to the neutral position, press the gear shiftrelease button, then move the control lever to thethrottle range of the control mechanism.
This feature will disengage when the control lever ismoved back to neutral.
If your boat is equipped with a control that is not fromVolvo Penta, ask your dealer for operating instructionsfor your control. Operation and function may differ fromthe Volvo Penta controls shown here.
Operation
34 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Safety LanyardA safety lanyard (emergency stop switch) may be afeature on your boat. The switch stops the engine if theoperator is thrown from the helm. Use of this safetyfeature is highly recommended.
Using this switch is simple and should not interfere withnormal operation of the boat. Attach the lanyard clip tothe operator’s clothing. The attaching point must bestrong enough so that it does not tear when the lanyardis pulled sharply. The other end of the lanyard must beinstalled at the fitting on the control.
The emergency stop switch can only be effective whenin good working order. Observe the following:
• Lanyard must always be free of entanglements thatcould hinder its operation.
• Once a month, check the switch for properoperation. With engine running at idle speed, pulllanyard. If engine does not stop, see your dealer forrepairs.
NOTICE! When testing the emergency stop switch, doso at engine idle speed only. Activating the emergencystop switch at any speed above idle will allow water tobe ingested into the engine, causing serious enginedamage.
If the lanyard is too long, do not cut and re-tie thelanyard. Shorten by looping or knotting the lanyard.
CAUTION!Care must be taken to avoid accidentally pulling thelanyard during boat operation. Unexpected loss offorward motion will occur which could cause occupantsto be thrown forward.
In an emergency situation, any occupant of theboat may attempt to restart the engine by pressingin and holding the emergency stop switch button,followed by normal starting procedures. When thebutton is released, the engine will stop.
If your boat is not equipped with an emergency stopswitch and it falls into one of the following categories,installation of an emergency stop switch isrecommended.
• High performance sport boats
• Small runabouts
• Boats with sensitive steering
• Boats where the distance from the top of thegunwale down to the driver’s seat is less than onefoot (30 cm).
Contact your Volvo Penta dealer for installation of aSafety Lanyard.
Operation
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 35
Cruising SpeedMaximum recommended cruising speed for thisengine is 4600 RPM.Operating the engine between 4600 and WOT (wideopen throttle) for extended periods should be avoidedsince it increases fuel consumption and increases thestresses and wear on both the engine and drive.
Better fuel economy can be achieved by cruising at3600–3800 RPM.
See also Engine RPM Range, page 105.
Powertrim/TiltTrimControlling the trim system is an important part ofmaneuvering a boat. Power trim provides this controlat the helm of the boat, allowing the operator full andeasy control of the trim system.
Power trim is normally used as part of accelerating, tohelp get the boat on plane. Trim is also used to adjustthe angle of the boat after cruising or planing speed isreached, and to adjust the boat for the sea conditions.
If you are new to boating or new to the type or size ofyour new boat, study how the boat reacts to varioustrim settings to determine the best setting for your boatin various sea and wind conditions. Small changes intrim angle are usually sufficient, avoid drastic changesin trim if possible.
TiltTilt is used to raise the drive above normal operatingangles. Examples are trailering, beaching, mooring,and shallow water operation.
A thorough coverage of Powertrim system operationfollows in this chapter.
P0016568
P0018265
Operation
36 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Operating Trim ControlsThe trim system is controlled by switches located onthe shift lever.
The upper button moves the drive up, or away from thetransom. This trims the drive out. Trimming the driveout will raise the bow of the boat, in relation tohorizontal.
The lower button moves the drive down, or towards thetransom. This trims the drive in. Trimming the drivedown will lower the bow of the boat.
On twin controls the trim switch A on the lever operatesboth trim systems simultaneously. This is used fortrimming the boat during take-off and while under way.
The switches B on the control body are used to trimthe drives individually. This can be used to adjust theangle of the boat for the sea conditions. This is alsoused during service work, when only one drive needsto be trimmed.
Do not operate at speed with the drives trimmed morethan a few degrees apart.
Operation
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 37
Trim RangesThe trim gauge shows the relative position of the boat’sbow, based on the drive trim angle.
Trim is divided in to the three trim ranges describedbelow. The digital gauge is shown in the illustrations,an analog gauge provides the same information by theposition of the needle on the dial face.
TrimTrim range for a SX single prop drive is any anglebetween -5° and 13°. For a Duoprop drive it is anyangle between -5° and 8°. Most boat operation is doneat trim angles in the trim range.
BeachBeach range for an SX single prop drive is any anglebetween 13° and 30°. For a Duoprop drive it is anyangle between 8° and 30°. This range is used forrunning at reduced speed in shallow water.
WARNING!Possible loss of boat control. Steering control isreduced when operating in BEACH range.
NOTICE! Possible engine damage. Maximum safeengine speed when running in beach range is 1000rpm. If the engine is running, make sure the drive’scoolant inlet is under water when trimming to beachrange.
TiltTilt range for all drives is any angle over 30°. This rangeis used for raising the drive completely; an example iswhen putting the boat on the trailer.
NOTICE! Do not operate (run) the engine in tilt range.Engine damage may occur.
P0016692
P0016693
P0016694
Operation
38 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Determining the Proper TrimThe boat is properly trimmed when the trim angleprovides the best boat performance and safety for theoperating conditions. The boat ride should becomfortable for the passengers and the engine shouldbe running at top fuel efficiency and performance.
To familiarize yourself with the power trim, make testruns at slower speeds and at various trim positions tosee the effect of trimming. Note the time it takes for theboat to plane. Watch the tachometer and speedometerreadings and the ride of the boat.
WARNING!Possible loss of boat control. Some boat/drive/propeller combinations may encounter boat instabilityand high steering torque when operated near the limitsof the trim system (trim in or out). This is worsened withspeed and changing sea conditions. Avoid excessivetrim in or out. If you experience boat instability or highsteering torque set the trim to neutral and return to portat reduced speed. See your Volvo Penta dealer tocorrect the situation.
IMPORTANT:Continuous operation at negative trim angles at higherRPMs may cause surface damage to propellers.
Trim Operation during TakeoffTrim is used to get the boat on plane when taking offfrom a stand-still or from low speed.
Start with the drive trimmed in to a neutral to fullytrimmed-in position.
Locate passengers and equipment in the boat so thatthe load is balanced fore and aft, and side to side.Trimming will not overcome an unbalanced boat.
As the boat accelerates, trim the drive up until the boat“pops” on to plane.
After the boat is on plane adjust the trim according tothe information provided above and below in thissection.
P0018314
P0018270
P0018271
Operation
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 39
Operating in Bow-up PositionThe bow-up position A is normally used for cruising,running in a rough sea, or running at full speed.
WARNING!Avoid excessive trim (bow-up) when crossing wakesor rough seas.The bow can rise or fall sharply, possibly injuring thepassengers.
Be aware of these undesirable conditions that canoccur when running In a full bow-up position;
• The boat may tend to self-steer. You may have tocompensate with the steering wheel to keep theboat on a straight path.
• The boat’s bow will tend to raise clear of the water.This reduces forward visibility from the helm.
• Excessive bow-up trim will cause propellerventilation resulting in propeller slippage.
• Engine RPM will also increase, but boat speed willnot increase and may even drop.
Operating in Bow-down PositionThe bow-down position B is normally used foracceleration onto plane, operating at slow planingspeeds, and running against a rough sea.
WARNING!Avoid excessive trim-in (bow-down) when operating atspeed and/or in rough seas. The boat’s bow may divein to oncoming waves, causing the boat to bow steeror spin rapidly, possibly injuring the boat’s passengers.
Be aware of these undesirable conditions that canoccur when running In a full bow-down position;
• The boat may tend to self-steer. You may have tocompensate with the steering wheel to keep theboat on a straight path.
• The boat’s bow will tend to go deeper into the water,reducing ride quality.
IMPORTANT:Continuous operation at negative trim angles at higherRPMs may cause surface damage to propellers.
22796
22797
Operation
40 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Trim/Tilt Motor Protection
The trim/tilt motor is protected from overheating by aninternal thermal overload switch. If the trim switch A isheld too long at either full up or full down, the electricmotor may stop. If the motor stops, release the trimswitch and wait for 20 seconds. Then try the switchagain.
Steering System OperationWhile directional control of a boat’s steering systemoperates much like that of an automobile, a boat’sresponsiveness and maneuverability is very differentfrom that of a car. Avoid high-speed maneuvers untilyou become accustomed to driving your boat. Keep inmind that a boat is never as maneuverable whenmoving in reverse as it is when travelling forward.
If the power steering system stops working, thesteering wheel will still function but it will feel harder tosteer. If this condition occurs, look for possible causesand fix them if possible. If the power steering systemcannot be corrected on board, proceed at a reducedspeed. You will be able to steer the boat, but withincreased effort. See your authorized Volvo Pentadealer as soon as possible to correct your powersteering system.
At slow speeds (no wake), your boat may tend towander due to wind and current. This is normal andmay be overcome by anticipating bow direction andcorrecting with steering wheel. A slightly higher throttleand trim setting may also lessen the tendency towander. Changing weight distribution, aft to forward,can also affect slow speed steering.
Twin Unit SteeringTwin engine boats have only one engine with a fullyoperational power steering system. That powersteering system is on the starboard engine. If operatingon only the port engine, there is no power steering,resulting in increased steering effort at the helm.
NOTICE!Do not run the boat for extended periods with only oneengine running. Both engines must be running whenunder way. If only one engine is running, water may beforced back through the exhaust of the engine that isnot running, causing serious engine damage.
P0016581
50405
Operation
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 41
NOTICE!Do not attempt to run the boat on plane if operating ona single engine; operating with a single engine at fullthrottle could cause engine or transmission damage. Ifrunning on one engine is necessary operate belowplaning speed.
Operation
42 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Special Boating ConditionsThe following section covers scenarios that areconsidered special boating situations. When using theboat in the following situations, there are some specialprocedures to take into consideration in order to keepthe engine, transmission, drive, and propeller in topworking condition.
Operating in Freezing TemperaturesThe engine is cooled using raw (sea) water. Evenfreshwater (closed cooling) engines use raw water forcooling purposes. When the air and watertemperatures drop low enough, any water trapped inyour engine will freeze. Freezing water and ice expand.This expansion could cause parts of the enginecontaining water to crack. Always be sure to drain anytrapped water from your engine if temperatures areexpected to drop low enough to cause freezing.
NOTICE! When temperatures drop below freezing,failure to completely drain the cooling system will resultin serious damage to the engine and exhaustmanifolds.
NOTICE! Freeze damage to the engine package is notcovered by your Volvo Penta limited warranty.
Upon completion of engine operation, drain the engineas described in Draining the Engine.
Shallow Water Operation WARNING!
The sudden stop from striking an underwater object orrunning aground can cause injury to the boat’soccupants, who could be thrown about the boat duringthe stop. Whenever the boat is underway the boat’soperator should take precautions to avoid thesesituations and should encourage all occupants to beseated or otherwise prepared for a sudden stop.
See In Case of Emergency, page 56.
When boating in unfamiliar waters, obtain appropriatenavigation charts to avoid hard groundings. Proceedwith caution in these areas.
P0018389
P0018133
Operation
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 43
Trim/Tilt Operation in Shallow WaterYou may tilt the drive unit to reduce the draft for shallowwater running A as long as you do not exceed 1000RPM. Exceeding 1000 RPM at high trim/tilt is notnecessary. It will only increase the boat wake and willnot increase boat speed appreciably.
NOTICE! Exceeding 1000 RPM with the drive unittilted could damage drive train components. This typeof damage is not covered by warranty. Never attemptto plane the boat or exceed 1000 rpm with the driveunit in a partially tilted position. Always return to thetrim range as soon as possible to avoid damage todrive train.
NOTICE! Be very careful when operating in shallowwater; the intakes may pick up mud, sand, underwatervegetation, or other submerged debris. This may leadto overheating and engine damage.
High Altitude OperationVolvo Penta EFI engines have programmed altitudecompensation; however, there may be a slightperformance loss at altitudes above 5000 feet due tolower air density. If you are boating above 5000 feetfor a short time, a lower pitch propeller will restoresome of the lost performance. Long term use abovealtitudes of 5000 ft. may require a change in gear ratiowhich is not covered under the Volvo Penta LimitedWarranty.
Salt Water OperationYou can use your Volvo Penta drive in either fresh orsalt water.
We recommend that you use fresh water to flush outthe engine and drive after you use your boat insaltwater. This will prolong the service life of the engineand drive. For additional information, see EngineFlush, page 48.
22798
22799
Operation
44 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
High Performance Boat OperationHigh performance is not only defined by engine size,but by a combination of engine power, hull design, andthe size of the boat. Depending on the combination ofthese factors, top speed may be much higher thanexpected.
High speed operation requires an experiencedoperator who has mastered handling of highperformance boats. It is advisable that you learn theboat’s behavior before you take passengers on board.Inform your passengers about your boat’scharacteristics and the maneuvers you intend to do.Use the boat’s performance with due considerationand care!
When operating at high speeds, remember that otherboaters may not realize the speed at which you aretravelling, especially when you close in on another boatfrom astern or from ahead. Always keep a gooddistance to allow for the unexpected! Always beprepared for what other boaters may do unexpectedly.High speed driving requires the driver to give a highdegree of attention to boat operation and surroundingconditions.
A boat travelling at a speed of approximately 70 M.P.H.(60 knots) covers about 101 feet (30 meters) in 1second. The faster you go the quicker things willhappen. High speed driving requires a lot of water anda good distance from possible hazards! Always allowfor adequate reaction time. Always reduce speed whenvisibility is reduced for whatever reason.
When driving, make sure that all passengers are safelyseated. Emphasize this especially if you have a larger,high performance cabin cruiser where one normallymoves about during operation. Reduce speedconsiderably, or stop completely if someone needs tomove about the boat.
The driver should always use the Safety Lanyard (seeSafety Lanyard, page 35). The safety lanyardimmediately shuts off the engine(s) should the driverbe thrown from the driving position. Even if the risk ofbeing thrown overboard is practically nonexistent inyour type of boat, the risk of the driver falling and losingcontrol is still possible.
Remember, even when the engine(s) is stopped in ahigh performance boat that is planing, it will travelapproximately 325 feet (100 meters) before droppingthrough the planing threshold and stopping!
P0018315
Operation
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 45
Engine Shutdown
Before Engine ShutdownPlan where the boat will be stopped, reduce speed toapproach the area (dock, anchorage, etc.). Maneuverthe boat to the dock or other safe place, position theboat so that it can be secured or anchored. When inposition, move the shift mechanism to neutral. Securethe boat, if possible the captain should remain at thehelm while the passengers secure the boat.
WARNING!Avoid abrupt changes in speed or direction whenmaneuvering towards a dock or slip. Passengers couldbe injured if thrown about in the boat due to suddenchanges in boat movement.
Stop the Engine1 The control lever must be at NEUTRAL N.
2 Let engine return to idle.Allow the engine to run at low idle, in neutral, for afew minutes after operations are completed. Thisallows engine temperatures to equalize. This isespecially important when the engine has been runat high rpm or under heavy load just prior toshutdown.
3 Turn ignition key to OFF 0.
NOTICE! Do not stop the engine at speeds above idleor “speed up” the engine while turning off the ignition.Do not stop the engine while in gear or while the boatis moving. Engine damage could result from waterbeing sucked back up through the exhaust ports.
P0018311
46 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
After Engine Shutdown
Operation BreakIf the boat is not used, the engine should be startedand warmed up every two weeks. This preventscorrosion damage in the engine.
If the boat is left in saltwater it should be run on theengine flush fitting for the warm up, see EngineFlush, page 48. Also see Operating in FreezingTemperatures, page 43.
If you expect the boat to be unused for two months ormore, it must be prepared for this shut down period.See Storage, page 101
When the drive is stored out of the water, the sacrificialanodes oxidize on the surface. This prevents themfrom functionally correctly when placed back in thewater. Before using the boat again the sacrificialanodes on the drive and shield must be cleaned withemery paper to remove any oxidation. Do not use awire brush or other steel tools when cleaning, as thesemay damage the anodes.
Engine Shutdown
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 47
Engine FlushVolvo Penta engines have engine flushing ports thatcan be used to flush the engine with fresh water.Flushing the engine with fresh water after each use willincrease the longevity of components, especially afteroperation in brackish or saltwater.
Internal Flush FittingOne flushing port is located on the left side of theengine, behind the alternator. Look for the blue fittingshown in the image.
WARNING!Risk of accidental engine starting. While working withthe flush fitting make sure that the engine is off and thatit can not start; remove key(s), place shifters in gear.Alert others in the area to these safety steps.
External Flush FittingA second flush fitting is located outside the boat on thetransom shield, on the left side. Look for the blue fittingshown in the image.
Lift the hose up and away from the transom shield toaccess the flush fitting.
P0019975
P0023184
P0023492
Engine Shutdown
48 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
WARNING!Risk of accidental starting and contact with propellers.While working with the external flush fitting make surethat the engine is off and that it can not start; removekey(s), place shifters in gear.Alert others in the area to these safety steps.
WARNING!Risk of crush injury.While working with the flush fitting, make sure no oneis turning the steering wheel; turning the drive to theleft can create pinch-points near the fitting.
Flush Procedure1 If the engine is running, turn it off.
2 Remove the blue plastic cap A from the hoseconnection D.(Image; internal flush on left, external on right)
3 Connect a water hose from a fresh water source tothe flush connector D.Make sure gasket C is in place between the hoseand the connector D.
4 See Starting, page 27.Turn water on full and start the engine.When flushing the engine, fresh water pressuremust be 17 psi (117 kPa) or greater.
5 Let engine idle until engine temperature stabilizesat its normal operating range. This will ensure thefresh water circulates throughout the engine.
6 If flushing the engine with the boat in the water, donot run higher than idle speed or sea water may bedrawn in with the fresh water.
7 After engine is flushed, turn the engine off.
8 Disconnect water hose and reinstall the cap A.
9 When reinstalling cap A make sure O-ring B isseated on cap and gasket C is in place in fitting D.
NOTICE! If the cap is too loose, air may be drawn into the cooling system, causing the engine to overheat,possibly damaging the engine.
10 For the external flush fitting, the end of theconnector/cap should be reinserted in the mountinghole in the transom shield. This secures the hoseand fitting during regular boat operation.
NOTICE! Drain the engine if freezing temperatures areexpected, see Engine Shutdown, page 52.
P0023186
P0023185
Engine Shutdown
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 49
Aquatic Invasive SpeciesAquatic Invasive Species (AIS) are plants and animalsthat occur in waters where they are not native. Theseinvasive species disrupt the natural ecology of thebody of water where they have been transplanted. AISalmost always have a negative impact on thewaterway, it’s native species, and recreational andcommercial activities on the waterway.
AIS that have made headlines in recent years are; sealampreys, zebra mussels, Asian carp, Eurasianwatermilfoil, and lionfish. Many other examples of AISexist throughout the world’s waterways.
A common factor in most AIS infestations is that thenon-native species was introduced by humanactivities. Some AIS were introduced by commercialoperations, such as bilge water discharge from ships.However AIS can also be introduced throughrecreational boating activities. The transportation ofrecreational boats and water sports equipmentbetween waterways can be a major factor in the spreadof AIS.
Small pieces of plants or animals hanging from anoutdrive, trailer or wakeboard can transfer enoughbiological material to establish an AIS in a newwaterway. The early reproductive stages of many AISare microscopic; small amounts of water in a bilge,livewell, cooler or trapped in a compartment cancontain enough organisms to establish an infestation.
As responsible boaters and citizens each boat ownershould do their part to prevent the spread of theseaquatic hitchhikers. In many cases it is also requiredby law (check the local regulations for any waterwaywhere you will boat).
Clean, Drain, DryEverything, everytime!Before you leave the waterway where you have justboated, follow the procedure below to help prevent thespread of AIS.
CleanRemove all aquatic plants, animals, and debris fromthe boat, trailer and any watersports equipment.
DrainRemove all water from the boat, including ballast,bilge, livewell, engine, outdrive.
DryAllow the boat to completely dry before visiting anyother bodies of water.
Note: Some localities may require more extensivecleaning procedures. Check for local regulations.
P0022164
P0022219
Engine Shutdown
50 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Drive Position, When Not in UseWhen the boat is not being used the drive should betrimmed to the full down or vertical position. Do notleave the drive in the tilt position for long periods oftime.
Trailering Your Boat
• Tilt the drive completely up before loading the boaton to the trailer.
• After the boat is on the trailer and the trailer has beenmoved away from the ramp (on more level ground),lower the drive to drain any water from the drive.
• Rinse the drive if possible.
• Tilt the drive completely up before transporting thetrailer. The drive should be all the way up andsecured whenever the trailer and boat are beingmoved.
• During transport, be aware of high spots or dips inthe roadway, such as railroad crossings, low streetgutters, large potholes or other uneven roadsurfaces. Be careful when backing. The drives couldstrike the road or ground, causing damage.
• When you have reached your destination, if the boatwill be stored on the trailer, the drive should betrimmed down to a level position.
• Flush the engine if that hasn’t already been done.See Engine Flush.
NOTICE!Drain the engine if freezing temperatures areexpected, see Draining the Engine.
P0016584
P0002151
Engine Shutdown
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 51
Draining the EngineThis procedure covers draining the raw (sea) waterfrom the heat exchanger and seawater pump. Drainingthese components also drains the exhaust manifolds.This is usually done to prevent damage to these partsduring freezing temperatures.
NOTICE! Risk of freeze damage to enginecomponents. If the water is not drained, during freezingconditions expanding ice will crack and damage thesecomponents.
NOTICE! If the engine is run with these damagedcomponents major engine damage is possible.
Draining the coolant (antifreeze) from the engine isonly done as part of scheduled maintenance. Do notdrain the engine block for storage or freeze protection.
Easy DrainAll engines covered by this manual are equipped withVolvo Penta’s one point drain system; Easy Drain.
The system ties all of the engine drain points togetherinto one drain manifold, that is actuated by a handle ontop of the engine.
The handle is located on the port-side front corner ofthe engine, behind the heat exchanger.
Easy Drain can be used with the boat in the water oron land (trailer or storage rack).
Engine Shutdown
52 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Operation
WARNING!Risk of accidental engine starting. While working withEasy Drain, make sure that the engine is off and thatit can not start; remove key(s), place shifters in gear.Alert others in the area to these safety steps.
CAUTION!Pinch point between handle and handle body. Keepfingers clear.
1 Remove pin A from the handle body B.
2 Push handle C down, which opens the valve D.
3 Keep the handle down for ten minutes.
4 Check under the valve to make sure water hasdrained from the engine.During the drain time, the majority of the water willdrain within the first 2–3 minutes.Approximately 11 liters (2.9 U.S. gallons) of watershould drain.
NOTICE! If no or a smaller amount of water drains out,the system may be malfunctioning. See your dealerpromptly, the engine must be drained if freezingtemperatures are expected.
NOTICE! If the boat is in the water watch to see if wateris still draining after ten minutes. If it is, there is aproblem with the system’s siphon break, which couldallow water to enter the boat. Make sure the system isplaced back in the closed position until repairs arecomplete. Additional precautions should be taken toprevent engine freezing. See your Volvo Penta dealerfor repairs.
5 Pull the handle C back up.
6 Reinstall the pin A.
NOTICE! When the engine is starting or running, if thehandle is in the open position the seawater pump willnot prime, causing the engine to overheat. Lack ofwater flow will also damage the seawater pumpimpeller.
At handle position X the system is closed, no water isdraining. The handle must be in this position when theengine is started and running.The pin can only be installed when the handle is in theclosed position.
At handle position O the system is open. This is theposition for draining the engine. Do not start or run theengine with the handle in this position.
Engine Shutdown
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 53
Hang Tag
A hang tag is provided for the system. When thesystem is in the open position, place the tag at the helmas a reminder to close the system before operating theengine.
Seawater StrainerIf a seawater strainer (filter) has been installed on theengine, extra steps are needed to completely drain thecooling system.
The hose between the strainer and the heat exchangeris not drained when Easy Drain is opened. The hosemust be removed and the water manually drained toprevent freeze damage.
NOTICE! Risk of engine overheating or freeze damageif the hose is not drained.
In addition to the steps in Operation above, followthese instructions for draining the hose;
1 Loosen the clamp E at the strainer F and removethe hose G from the strainer.
2 Bend the end of the hose down until it is below thebottom of the heat exchanger H.
3 This will drain the water from the hose.
4 Reattach the hose and tighten the clamp.
P0023509
Engine Shutdown
54 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Second Hang Tag
A second tag is attached to the Easy Drain handle, asa reminder that a modified drain procedure is neededfor complete draining. The tag refers to an operator’smanual supplement, the same information is coveredin this section.
P0026419
Engine Shutdown
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 55
In Case of Emergency
Running Aground
Striking an Underwater Object WARNING!
The sudden stop from striking an underwater object orrunning aground can cause injury to the boat’soccupants, who could be thrown about the boat duringthe stop. Whenever the boat is underway the boat’soperator should take precautions to avoid thesesituations and should encourage all occupants to beseated or otherwise prepared for a sudden stop.
Operate at reduced speeds when in or near shallowwater, or in areas where underwater objects are knownto exist.
WARNING!Striking an underwater object or running aground couldresult in the loss of steering and shift control and waterentering the boat. All of these situations could placethe boat’s occupants at risk. Consider all of thesefactors when formulating plans to address the impactdamage.
The captain of the boat is responsible for determiningwhich actions should be taken after an impact orgrounding. The safety of the boat’s occupants shouldbe a high priority. The circumstances of the impactincluding the speed, any injuries or any damage done,should be factored into the course of action taken toprotect the occupants and then minimize any furtherdamage to the boat.
NOTICE!If there are problems at any of the following steps, callfor assistance to move the boat to a location where itcan be removed from the water for inspection.Operating with damaged equipment, especially atspeed, could worsen the damage. Steering and controlcould also be affected.
1 Throttle back to idle, if possible maneuver to a safeplace, out of high traffic areas.
2 Place the shift mechanism in neutral.
3 Check the engine compartment for water leakingaround the transom shield. If water is seen, assessthe amount of water entering the boat, determinewhether emergency actions are needed, proceedaccordingly.
4 If no emergency action is needed, check fordamage to the boat, drive or propellers. Visuallyinspect the exterior of the shield and drive forbroken or damaged components. Check fordamaged propellers.
P0020829
56 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
5 Turn the key on (do not start) and try to trim the driveback down. If the drive trims down check foralignment.
6 Restart the engine, check for vibrations or noise.
7 Place the drive in gear, at idle. Determine if the drivecan safely power the boat. If possible proceed to afacility where the boat can be removed from thewater for inspection.
The boat and drive should be thoroughly inspectedbefore the boat is used again.
Drive Impact ProtectionTrim/tilt system impact protection is built in to the trimcylinders. If an impact occurs while in forward motion,the cylinders will allow the drive to “kick up,” therebyhelping to minimize boat and drive damage.
NOTICE!There is no impact protection in reverse. When inreverse, operate at low RPMs to reduce the potentialfor damage.
To prevent galvanic corrosion, any paint damage onthe drive and propeller should be repaired beforelaunching the boat again.
Tie RodApplies to twin engine boats with mechanical (notelectric) steering.
The tie rod connects the tiller arms of the two drives. Itis mounted inside the boat at the rear of the engines.Check the tie rod if you have hit an obstacle. If the tierod is bent, loose, or damaged, have it servicedimmediately by your Volvo Penta dealer. In themeantime, operate your boat at slow speeds only.
WARNING!The tie rod is an integral part of the steering systemand is a vital safety part. A damaged tie rod may hindersteering operation or render it completely ineffective.Always replace a damaged tie bar. Never try tostraighten or weld a damaged tie rod.
P0015834
P0016588
In Case of Emergency
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 57
Engine Submersion1 Remove the engine from the water as quickly as
possible.
2 Contact your local Volvo Penta dealer for service.
• Your dealer will need to drain all water from theengine and immediately lubricate all internalparts.
• All electrical devices must also be dried andinspected for water damage.
3 After the engine has been placed back in service,frequently check the engine compartment forgasoline fumes, fluid leaks, and corrosion.
NOTICE! Delay in completing the above actions willresult in extensive engine damage.
Starting Using AuxiliaryBatteries
Jump-starting a Drained Battery DANGER!
Never allow an open flame or electric sparks near thebattery or batteries. Never smoke in proximity to thebatteries. The batteries give off hydrogen gas duringcharging which, when mixed with air, can form anexplosive gas. This gas is easily ignited and highlyvolatile.
WARNING!Risk of explosion.Jumper cables connected to the wrong battery terminal(example; positive cable to negative terminal) willcause a spark which could ignite gases created by thebattery or any fuel vapors in the engine compartment.
1 Check that the auxiliary or jumping battery has thesame voltage as the engine electrical system.
2 Connect the positive (red) cable to the plus (+)terminal on the discharged battery and then to thepositive (+) terminal on the auxiliary battery.
3 Connect the negative (black) cable to the negative(-) terminal on the discharged battery and then to agrounding point on the engine connected to theauxiliary battery.
P0018283
P0002255
In Case of Emergency
58 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
4 Start the engine and let it run at fast idle forapproximately 10 minutes to charge the battery.Run the engine compartment blower during thischarging time. Turn off all other unnecessaryelectrical equipment until the battery has charged.
NOTICE! Do not run starter for extended periods,starter overheat and failure may occur.
5 Turn off the engine. Remove the jumper cables inthe opposite order of connection.
If discharged batteries occur frequently the boatselectrical systems should be checked for the cause.Also check the engine’s charging system.
In Case of Emergency
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 59
TroubleshootingEngine Troubleshooting GuidesThe following troubleshooting guides are provided tohelp you resolve minor problems with your engine. Thislow-level troubleshooting may help you resolve simpleissues while using your boat, helping you continue yourouting or enabling you to return the boat to shore.
The advanced technology incorporated in these nextgeneration marine engines produces a more reliableengine. However if problems do occur, this technologyrequires a trained technician for full diagnostics ofengine issues. Certified Volvo Penta dealers have thetraining and tools needed to properly and safelyperform engine diagnostics and repairs.
During troubleshooting, keep in mind the fundamentalsof engine operation, all of the following must be presentfor the engine to run:
• COMPRESSION - Mixture inducted into cylinderand compressed.
• SPARK - Proper intensity at the proper time.
• FUEL - Proper mixture of air and fuel.
• EXHAUST - Clear of any obstructions.
• COOLING - water is needed to cool the engine.
NOTE: If the troubleshooting steps that follow do notresolve the issue, call for assistance or see a VolvoPenta authorized dealer
At the dealer, the greatest aid to solving a serviceproblem is information. Start gathering information andkeep a detailed record of your observations about theissue. Keep a record of pertinent facts, such as:
• When did this trouble start?
• Did the trouble occur suddenly or developgradually?
• Readings from the gauges and alarms.
• Reduction in engine RPMs or boat speed.
• Any recent work on the engine or boat?
NOTE: Some troubleshooting steps require that youhave tools and spare parts on the boat.
60 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Engine Will Not CrankStarter Circuit – Check:
• Control lever must be in neutral position.
• Safety lanyard; properly installed on fitting oncontrol.
• Battery switch in on position.
• Engine off, key at ignition, engine will not start. SeeStarting, page 29.
• Battery condition; weak, dead, sulfated, bad cells.
• Battery cables; loose or corroded connections,corroded cables.
• Starter relay and fuse, key switch fuse.
• Shorted or open ignition switch.
• Neutral Safety switch; terminals connected, switchbad.
Engine Cranks, But Will Not StartIgnition Circuit – Check:
• Ignition fuse and relay
• Spark plug wires; condition, firmly mounted to coiland spark plug.
• Spark plugs; for proper gap, fouling, burnedelectrodes, or cracked/dirty insulator.
• Low battery voltage.
Fuel System – Check:
• Fuel level.
• Fuel shutoff and multiple tank valves are open andoperating properly.
• Fuel filters; water or debris.
• Fuel pump relay and fuse.
• Fuel tank vent is unrestricted.
Troubleshooting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 61
Hard Starting – Cold EngineIgnition System — Check:
• Spark plug wires; condition, firmly mounted to coiland spark plug
• Spark plugs; for proper gap, fouling, burnedelectrodes, cracked insulator.
Fuel System — Check:
• Fuel filters; water or debris.
• Fuel tank vent is unrestricted.
• Fuel quality; octane too low, ethanol percentage toohigh, water in fuel, old fuel.
Hard Starting – Hot EngineIs this a New Condition? Check:
• Fuel quality; octane too low, ethanol percentage toohigh, water in fuel, old fuel.
• Ignition system secondary circuit; spark plug wires,spark plugs.
• Condition of battery and cables.
• Starter motor–for overheat damage.
Starting Problems after engine was run? Check:
• Ignition system secondary circuit; spark plug wires,spark plugs.
• Flooded engine.
• Vapor lock; high heat in engine room.
Troubleshooting
62 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Engine Noises and VibrationsValves (Hydraulic Lifters) – Check:
• Oil pressure; check gauge for low pressure.
• Oil quality; oil is old (overdue for change), debris orwater in oil.
• Oil quantity; proper level on dipstick.
• Oil type and weight.
Ping, Knock, or Detonation; Fuel and IgnitionSystem – Check:
• Fuel quality; octane too low, ethanol percentage toohigh, water in fuel, old fuel.
• Ignition system secondary circuit; spark plug wires,spark plugs.
Cooling System – Check:
• Seawater pump, circulation pump.
• Loose belts and/or pulleys.
Engine Mounts – Check:
• Loose, broken, or worn engine mounts.
• Loose lag screws or bolts holding mounts tostringer.
Alternator – Check:
• Loose pulley (see dealer).
• Noise from bearings (see dealer).
• Noise from belt tensioner or pulleys.
Drive – Check:
• Failed U–joints or gimbal bearing (see dealer).
• Damaged internal drive components (see dealer).
• Worn, bent, or broken propeller hub or blades, referto Propeller Replacement.
Troubleshooting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 63
Engine Runs RoughIf At Slow Speed – Check:
• Ignition system secondary circuit; spark plug wires,spark plugs.
• Fuel quality; octane too low, ethanol percentage toohigh, water in fuel, old fuel.
• Fuel filters; water or debris.
If At High Speed – Check:
• Air leak on suction side of fuel system.
• Ignition system secondary circuit; spark plug wires,spark plugs.
• Fuel quality; octane too low, ethanol percentage toohigh, water in fuel, old fuel.
• Fuel filters; water or debris.
Engine Temperature Too HighCheck:
• Water intakes on drive blocked. Tilt the drive up andlook for obstructions to the water intakes (e.g.,seaweed, plastic bags, etc.).
• Check caps on engine flush ports to ensure they aresecurely in place. See Engine Flush, page 48.
• Seawater pump impeller damaged or blocked. Foradditional information see Maintenance: Impeller:Checking & Replacing. Must have tools and partson hand.
• Seawater pump, circulating pump, and belts.
• Easy Drain, handle should be in closed position.See Engine Shutdown, page 52.
• Coolant level in expansion tank. See FreshwaterCooling System, page 91.
• Water supply hoses; loose clamps, holes in hoses,collapsed or restricted hoses.
• Air leaks on suction side of seawater pump; looseclamps, cap on flush fitting.
• Water leaks on pressure side of seawater pump.
• Heat exchanger; water passages blocked withgrass, sand, mud, or other debris.
• Check seawater strainer, if equipped.
Troubleshooting
64 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Engine Dies OutRefer to Engine Protection Mode.
Loss of Fuel or Out of Fuel – Check:
• Fuel level in tank.
• Fuel filters; water or debris.
• Fuel quality; octane too low, ethanol percentage toohigh, water in fuel, old fuel.
• Air leak on suction side of fuel system.
• Fuel pump fuse and relay.
Loss Of Ignition – Check:
• Ignition system secondary circuit; spark plug wires,spark plugs.
• Ignition fuse and relay.
Engine Won’t Reach Operating RPM• Refer to Engine Protection Mode.
Check:
• Boat overloaded or load improperly placed.
• Marine growth on hull and drive (refer to BoatBottom).
• Fuel quality; octane too low, ethanol percentage toohigh, water in fuel, old fuel.
• Wrong propeller (refer to Propeller Replacement).
• Oil quantity; proper level on dipstick.
• Engine overheating.
• Ignition system operation.
• Remote control cables and linkage for properattachment and travel.
• Operating at high altitude.
Troubleshooting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 65
Low Oil Pressure or Engine KnockEngine Components – Check:
• Oil quality (dirt or water in oil).
• Oil quantity, level on dipstick.
• Oil type and weight.
See Low oil pressure, page 69.
Low Battery Voltage After ShortStorageTo Charge:
• Check all battery and starter cable connections toensure they are clean and tight.
• Use a fully charged battery to jump start the engine.Refer to Starting Using Auxilliary Batteries in InCase of Emergency.
• Recharge starter battery.
• Check battery condition; replace if necessary.
To Prevent:
• Turn off all electrical accessories including ignitioncircuit during storage.
• Turn battery switch off and disconnect main batterynegative cable from battery.
Troubleshooting
66 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Less than Optimal PerformanceTo determine the engine’s listed power rating, all VolvoPenta engines are tested and certified at the followingconditions:
Condition ValueAir temperature 25°C (77°F)Barometric pressure 100 kPa (14.5 PSI)Relative humidity 30%Fuel 87 AKI (90 RON)
When troubleshooting a suspected reduction of poweror speed consider the test conditions above. If actualconditions are significantly different than any of thesevariables, a reduction in speed is expected. Highambient temperatures, high humidity, low pressure orlow octane fuel can all reduce power and speed.
In extreme cases these conditions can causedetonation or spark knock. The engine’s computerconstantly monitors for this condition. If detonation isdetected, the computer reduces spark advance toreduce the detonation and the engine damage it cancause. Reducing the spark advance reduces power.
Performance of the boat as a complete package is alsobased on similar test conditions. Variances in boatperformance can usually be traced to differencesbetween actual conditions and the test conditions.
The condition of the hull also influences performance.See Hull Weight and Boat Bottom that follow.
Hull WeightTotal boat weight is an important factor in performance.This is a combination of the boat and the passengersand gear that are on the boat. Any increase in boatweight will reduce boat speed. To minimize thisproblem, do not store un-needed gear on your boat.Overloading with passengers also causes problems.
If adding a significant amount of weight to the boat,such as generators, appliances, coolers and otherheavy items, consider the effect of the added weighton performance.
Fiberglass boat hulls can absorb a significant amountof water over time, becoming progressively heavier. Asthe boat becomes heavier, the original propeller (andin some cases the drive ratio) may no longer be correctfor the boat. Hull weight was a major factor in theoriginal selection of these components.
If boat performance has declined over time and addedweight is suspected, consult an authorized VolvoPenta dealer to discuss the issue. Your dealer canassist you with selecting the correct propeller size orgear ratio for your boat.
P0020436
Troubleshooting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 67
Boat BottomThe condition of the boat’s bottom can affect yourengine’s performance. Marine growth, present in freshwater as well as salt water, will reduce boat speed. Aboat bottom with evidence of marine growth can causea reduction in top speed of 20 percent or more.Periodically clean the bottom of your boat following themanufacturer’s recommendations. Bottom paintingmay also be desirable.
Engine Protection ModeIn a low oil pressure or engine overheat situation, theengine’s computer will initiate Engine Protection Mode(EPM). If an audible alarm has been installed with yourengine, it will sound to notify you of a malfunction.
If engine conditions trigger EPM, engine RPMs may bereduced or the engine may shut down, depending onthe severity of the problem.
Under most EPM conditions, engine operation islimited to 3000 RPMs or less. For mild engineoverheating, engine speed reduction will be 4200RPMs.
Bring the engine to idle to investigate the problem.
Use the oil pressure and temperature gauges to verifya problem exists. Check the engine dipstick for properoil level. See Engine Temperature Too High, page 64for temperature issues. The low oil pressure/engineoverheat problem must be corrected before the enginewill return to normal operation.
If a temperature problem caused the EPM to activate,the engine must cool down to an acceptabletemperature before the EPM is turned off.
If the audible alarm stops sounding, the malfunctionhas been cleared and the engine may now be operatednormally.
If you are unable to locate and resolve the problem,you may be able to continue operating the engine atabove idle speed, keeping in mind that the audiblealarm will continue sounding and the engine speed willremain at a reduced level.
NOTICE! Continuing to run the engine, with EPMactive and without correcting the cause of the problem,may result in engine damage or equipment failurewhich may not be covered by your warranty.
If the problem continues, contact your Volvo Pentadealer and have the engine inspected.
P0018320
P0018454
Troubleshooting
68 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Engine Won't Restart, after runningout of fuelGas Direct Injection engines feature high pressure fuelsystems. If the engine runs out of fuel air may betrapped in the system. This may prevent the enginefrom restarting.
The air must be purged from the system before theengine will restart. Follow the procedure below;
1 Add fuel to the fuel tank.
2 Cycle the key switch between run and off 7–8 times,to refill the fuel pump and fuel lines.
3 Try to start the engine. See Starting, page 29.
4 Repeat the process if the engine does not start,several attempts may be needed.
5 At engine start the engine may run roughly for a fewminutes, run at idle until this clears.
Low oil pressureIf your engine's oil pressure drops too low, the audiblealarm will sound a constant tone, warning you thatthere is a problem. The engine will also enter EPM andengine RPMs will be reduced. There are threecommon reasons for oil pressure dropping too low:
• Low oil level
• High engine temperature
• High oil level
If the alarm sounds and the oil pressure gaugeindicates low pressure, reduce engine speed to idleand investigate the problem.
NOTICE! Ignoring a low engine oil pressure situationcan cause engine damage or failure. This may not becovered by your warranty.
If safe to do so, shut off the engine and allow oil to settlefor five minutes. Use the dipstick C to check engine oillevel, which should be between Full D and Add E.
If there is not enough oil, add more until it reachesrecommended levels. If you are unable to add oil to theengine, make way at reduced speed. Correct the oillevel as soon as possible.
If there is too much oil, remove the excess until itreaches recommended levels. If you are unable toremove oil from the engine, make way at reducedspeed. Correct the oil level as soon as possible.
If the oil level is not the problem or the alarm continuesto sound after adjusting the oil level, check to see ifthere are any additional problems. See the next sectionfor additional information. If the problem persists,contact your Volvo Penta dealer and have the engineinspected.
P0022394
P0010868
P0008470
Troubleshooting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 69
Engine OverheatsIf the engine temperature is too high, the engine willenter EPM and the alarm will sound. See EngineProtection Mode, page 68.
WARNING!Risk of fire. Immediately investigate any engineoverheat situation. The engine can catch fire if theoverheat is prolonged or severe. Correct the overheatsituation before using the boat/engine.
Engine speed will be automatically reduced dependingon the severity of overheating. For mild overheating,the RPMS are reduced to 4200 maximum and thealarm will sound for 1/2 second every 5 seconds. Moresevere overheating results in a speed reduction to3000 RPMs and the alarm will sound once per second.
See Engine Temperature Too High, page 64 forpossible causes and solutions.
NOTICE! Ignoring an overheating situation can causeengine damage or failure. This may not be covered byyour warranty.
If the situation persists, contact your Volvo Pentadealer for assistance.
Water in BellowsOceanX drives are equipped with a sensor that detectswater in the u-joint bellows. If water is detected, analarm will sound for one second every sixty seconds.If this alarm sounds, contact your dealer for repairs assoon as possible.
NOTICE! If the drive is not in use and there is waterinside the bellows, the u-joint will corrode, possiblyleading to expensive drive and engine repairs the nexttime the engine is started.
P0018287
P0021190
Troubleshooting
70 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Water in Oil and Oil LevelOceanX drives are equipped with a sensor thatmonitors oil level and quality. If the oil level in the driveis low or water is detected in the oil, an alarm will soundfor one second every sixty seconds. If this alarmsounds, check the level and quality of the oil in thedrive.
NOTICE! Operating the drive with low or poor qualityoil could lead to major drive damage. If the alarmsounds, correct the problem before using the driveagain.
For instructions on checking the level, refer toChecking the Drive Unit Lubricant, page 95. If the oillevel is low, add the necessary amount.
Check the oil to see if it has a milky or translucent whiteappearance, which indicates water in the oil.
If the alarm persists after correcting the oil level andquality, contact your dealer for repairs as soon aspossible.
Electric Fuel PumpsEFI engines have two electric fuel pumps, contained ina fuel cell on the front of the engine:
• A high-pressure pump A to supply the fuel injectors.
• A low-pressure pump B to bring fuel from the boattank to the engine.
Both pumps are protected by a common 20-amp fuseand are controlled by a relay. See the next section. Thepumps will operate only when the engine is crankingor running. If a pump is not working, check the fuse andreplace if necessary. See your Volvo Penta dealer iffurther service is required.
The fuel filter C is also mounted to the fuel cell. Tochange the filter, see Engine Fuel Filter Replacement.
NOTICE! A loud whining noise at idle may be due to arestricted fuel filter causing a noisy fuel pump.Operating the engine with a restricted filter maydamage the pressure regulator or fuel pumps. Seeyour Volvo Penta dealer if the pump makes an unusualnoise.
P0002294
P0008585
Troubleshooting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 71
Fuse and Relay BoxThe engine’s electrical system is protected againstcircuit overload by fuses and circuit breakers. Engineelectrical circuits may also be routed through relays.
All relays, breakers, and fuses for the driveline arecontained in a single fuse box. The box is covered andis mounted on the top of the engine. If electricalsystems such as power trim or ignition are not working,check this box as a first step in troubleshooting theproblem.
WARNING!Burn hazard. Oxygen sensor located above Fuse andRelay Box cover may be very hot.
A label on the cover shows the location, type, size, andother information for the relays, fuses, and breakers.Part numbers are also provided.
The image is an example of one of these labels andmay not represent your engine. See the cover label onyour engine.
Spare fuses are located on the inside of the fuse boxcover. Remember to replace any spares that are used.
NOTICE! Circuit breakers or fuses that repeatedly failindicate a problem that requires immediate attention.See your Volvo Penta dealer.
PowertrimIf the power trim system stops working check thefollowing.
Fuses, RelaysCheck the fuses and relays in the fuse box.
Trim Motor ProtectionIf the trim switch is held too long in either full up or downthe motor will stop. See Trim/Tilt MotorProtection, page 41.
P0016590
P0019988
P0016589
P0018265
Troubleshooting
72 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Drive Physically Blocked from MovingCheck to see if anything has become entangled in thedrive or the trim cylinders. Clear the obstruction beforeproceeding with trimming.
SteeringIf you experience difficulty steering the boat, check forthe following:
• Check the fluid level in the power steering reservoir.Fluid level on the dipstick B should be in the rangeA shown in the image.
• Make sure the drive is not blocked from moving.
• Check all steering line fittings to ensure they aretight. Check for leaks.
• Check all hoses and fittings for leaks/pinches.
• Check that all hose clamps on the power steeringsystem are securely tightened.
• Check belt.
NOTICE! Filler cap C is for coolant/anti-freeze. Do notadd power steering fluid to this section of the reservoir.P0019978
Troubleshooting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 73
Active Corrosion Protection SystemThe combination of on and off LEDs (Green and Red)show the current status of the system.
Green LEDOn, system is protecting the drive.Off, system is not protecting the drive.
Red LED on(with or without green LED on)Conditions are present that are hampering optimumsystem performance;
• Water too severely contaminated or polluted. Installadditional anode on the transom and bond to thegrounding system.
• Too much unpainted metal on the drive or transomshield. Clean and paint exposed metal on drive andtransom shield. Refer to the drive WorkshopManual for paint repair procedures.
• Corroded, missing, or painted anodes. Service orreplace anode as required.
• Stray current from shore power or surroundingboats. Disconnect shore power, wait 8 hours andrecheck. If still present, temporarily relocate boat toanother area away from the marina and checkagain.
• Loose or corroded terminals on the electronic unitor battery. Clean and tighten connectors.
• Copper bottom paint is in contact with the transomshield. Remove paint and ensure there is a 25mm(1 in.) border between transom shield and bottompaint.
No LEDs onNo power to the system;
• Dead battery. Check battery condition and chargeas necessary.
• Loose connection or corroded terminals on theelectronic control unit or battery. Clean and tightenthe connectors.
• Blown fuse. Replace defective fuse. Fuse is locatedon the power wire, near the battery.
• Broken anode or reference sensor unit. Replacedamaged unit.
If problems continue after completing the steps above,see your Volvo Penta dealer for further help.
P0018276
Troubleshooting
74 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Static Water LineStatic water line is a measurement of the water level inthe boat engine's exhaust system. The exhaustpassages of a drive propulsion system are open to thewater surrounding the boat A. When the engine is notrunning, the water level in the exhaust system willsettle at the same level as the surrounding water B. Ifthis water level is too high, water will enter the enginethrough the exhaust manifolds; this is called wateringestion.
The static water line should be correct when youpurchase a new boat. Your boat was designed andconstructed so that, under normal load and useconditions, the water level would not be high enoughfor water to enter the engine. This is accomplished withexhaust riser height and the height of the engine in thehull. If you add weight to your boat, the boat and engineexhaust will sit lower in the water. This raises the waterlevel in the exhaust. If you add too much weight, thewater level will be high enough to allow wateringestion.
NOTICE! Water ingestion damage from over-loadingis not covered by warranty.
Consider the static water line of your boat beforeadding equipment such as generators, appliances,coolers and other heavy items. Do not store un-neededgear on your boat. Overloading with passengers alsocauses problems with the static water line. Loaddistribution, especially when concentrated in the sternof the boat, can raise the static water line.
NOTICE! Never exceed the weight limit posted by theboat manufacturer. Never overload the stern of theboat as this may cause the engine to be lowered belowthe minimum safe static water line height.
If you have added weight to your boat and suspectthere may be problems with the static water line,perform the following test before operating the boat.
P0019979
P0019980
Troubleshooting
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 75
Static Water Line TestStatic Water Line (SWL) is the difference between seawater level D and top of the riser B on the engine.
To test for SWL height:
1 Load the boat to maximum capacity and distributeweight as you would for normal boating conditions.
2 Lower a clear plastic hose A into the water. Once itis full of water, plug the top of the hose using yourthumb or a plug.
3 Bring plugged end of hose inside the hull and holdnext to–and above–the manifold B.
4 Unplug the end of the hose and allow water to draindown until it has maintained a stable level.
5 Measure the vertical distance C from water line Din the hose to the top of manifold B. This is the SWL.Measurement C should be 13 in. (33 cm) or greater.
6 If the SWL is less than 13 in. (33 cm), contact yourVolvo Penta dealer for information on raising theengine’s exhaust system.
NOTICE! Engine damage from water ingestion ispossible if the SWL is less than the specification. Thedamage may be severe, and is not covered bywarranty.
P0019981
Troubleshooting
76 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
MaintenanceService Protocol
Maintenance schedules for the engines covered by this manual are provided by the Service Protocol.
Both dealers and owner/operators access the Service Protocol online. Owners can visit Volvo Penta on theinternet, in the Owners area select Service Recommendations. Use your engine’s serial number to access theService Protocol for your engine.
Scheduled MaintenanceWe recommend you contact an authorized Volvo Penta service dealer when your power package is due forscheduled maintenance. Procedures in the Service Protocol (maintenance schedules) may require lifting devices,special tools, electronic diagnostic instruments, or specialized training that are not typically available to the owner.Dealers have the training, tools, and service expertise needed to safely, correctly, and efficiently service yourpower package. Also, dealers are familiar with current environmental regulations and will recycle or dispose ofused fluids and materials in a manner that is least harmful to the environment.
During the service visits, discuss with your dealer any questions or issues that you may have regarding yourengine or power package. Advise the dealer of anything unusual that you have noticed about your boat or engine.This check can identify small problems before they become more serious. The dealer will use the checklists foundin the Service Protocol to perform the scheduled maintenance. Many items on the list are also included in theOwner’s Checklists. The dealer will conduct a more thorough check of these items to deter future problems.
If any items fail the checks, the dealer should correct them as needed. Scheduled maintenance and any correctivework performed are part of normal maintenance and, as such, are not part of warranty. Exceptions may occur,based on what the dealer finds during the service work.
Always insist that your dealer use genuine Volvo Penta parts, oils, and lubricants when servicing your engine.See Technical Data.
In markets outside the United States: All service specified by the Service Protocol for the first year must beperformed and documented by an authorized Volvo Penta dealer to be eligible for the Extended Protection ServicePlan.
Preventative Maintenance and SafeBoat Operation
Successful preventative maintenance is a key element of safe boat operation. Preventative maintenance, definedin the Owners Checklists and the Service Protocol (maintenance schedule), can increase boating safety byreducing the chance of engine and boat breakdowns or other problems that could put the boat’s occupants atrisk.
Proper storage and launch preparation should be considered an integral part of preventative maintenance andalso contributes greatly to safe and reliable boat operation. See the chapter titled Storage for the requiredprocedures.
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 77
Owners ChecklistThe following checklists define basic inspections the owner should be performing on the power package.Checklists should be completed by the boat owner or operator, at the intervals indicated. If an owner is unsureabout how to check these items, contact a Volvo Penta dealer for assistance or see the Service and MaintenanceManual. Small corrections such as filling fluids, tightening hardware, and similar procedures can be done by theowner. If more complex problems or component failures are discovered, the owner should contact a Volvo Pentadealer to correct the problem.
CAUTION!If any items fail the checks (inspections), correct the failed items before using the boat/engine.
Owner's Checklist
Check Before Each Use Check/Correct
Fill/Lube
Adjust/Tighten
Cooling System – Check coolant level, check system for leaks ● ●Engine Oil ● ●Fuel Pumps and System – Check for leaks ●Safety Lanyard – Check clip and lanyard ●Power Steering – Check for proper operation; check hoses andcomponents for leaks ●
Shift and Throttle Control System – Check for proper operation ● ●
Owner's Checklist
Check Each Month(1) Check/Correct
Fill/Lube
Adjust/Tighten
Anodes – Check, replace if eroded more than 50% ●
Drive Unit Oil(2) ● ●
Exhaust System(3) – Check for leaks, loose clamps, damage ● ●
1) Check/correct these items every month, when the boat is in use (not winterized or in storage).2) Not needed for OceanX, drive has sensors for oil fill and quality.3) See Exhaust Bellows and Clamps, page 92.
Owner's ResponsibilityMarine engines and power packages are used in a harsh environment and operate at much higher loads thanautomotive engines. These circumstances necessitate a higher level of diligence when operating and maintainingmarine engines. Volvo Penta products are designed to operate efficiently and to provide reliable and durablepower in the marine environment. However, to ensure continued operating efficiency, a boat owner or operatormust check, monitor, and maintain the power components as specified in this manual. An owner or operator hasthe responsibility to ensure that all daily and monthly checks are performed and that all scheduled maintenanceis done. Please see the checklists and maintenance information in this chapter.
The operation, maintenance, and care of the Volvo Penta engine and power package, as outlined in this manual,are an owner's responsibility. The owner must keep records of all maintenance and service performed. This recordof proper maintenance may be required to determine warranty coverage. If the boat is sold, these records shouldbe transferred to the new owner.
Maintenance
78 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Emissions Control ComponentsThe emission control system is governed by a separate warranty statement set forth in your warranty booklet.Volvo Penta recommends that you retain all receipts covering maintenance on the emissions control system, butVolvo Penta cannot deny warranty coverage on the emissions control system solely for the lack of receipts oryour failure to ensure the performance of all scheduled maintenance. However, Volvo Penta may deny youwarranty coverage for your emission control system if failure results from abuse, neglect, improper maintenance,or unapproved modifications.
If emission control system repair is required during the warranty period, you are responsible for presenting yourengine to a Volvo Penta authorized dealer as soon as the problem exists. The warranty repairs will be completedusing genuine Volvo Penta parts in a reasonable period of time without charge. After expiration of the emissioncontrol system warranty, you may present your engine to a repair shop or person of your choosing to maintain,replace, or repair emission control devices and systems.
Hour MeterAccurate knowledge of engine operating hours is critical for tracking engine/drive maintenance and service needs.Many boats have an hour meter mounted at the helm or near the engine; use this meter to determine whenmaintenance or service is due. If you do not have an hour meter, we strongly recommend that you contact adealer to have one installed on your boat.
Whenever "hours" or "engine hours" are listed in the Service Protocols, the reference is to engine operating hours,as recorded by the hour meter, EVC system (if applicable), or engine computer.
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 79
Doing Your Own Maintenance andRepairsThis chapter provides some very basic maintenanceprocedures. For a more in depth coverage of themaintenance procedures, consult the Service andMaintenance Manual.
To purchase a manual visit Volvo Penta on theInternet.
Always read and follow the safety warningsprovided in the manuals.
Certain tasks should only be performed by your VolvoPenta dealer. Dealers have the tools and expertiseneeded to properly and safely perform these tasks.Never carry out any work on the engine if you areunsure of the procedure. Instead, contact your VolvoPenta dealer for repairs.
Replacement Parts WARNING!
Do not use automotive or other non-marine parts onyour Volvo Penta engine. Non-marine electrical andfuel parts do not meet USCG and other requirementsfor explosion prevention in gasoline fueled boats. Useof non-marine parts may result in onboard explosions.
Certain fuel and electrical system components mustcomply with U.S. Coast Guard and other regulationsfor explosion prevention. Parts or components thatcomply with these regulations are designed so they willnot emit fuel vapors or cause ignition of fuel vapors inthe engine compartment. To prevent explosion or fire,do not substitute automotive or general hardware partsfor the following:
• Alternator and related wiring
• Starter and related wiring
• Spark plug wires and related ignition parts
• Fuel pump assemblies, fuel rails, fuel filters, fuellines, and related parts
• Realys and circuit breakers
NOTICE! Do not use automotive or other non-marineparts on your Volvo Penta engine. Non-marine partsmay not be designed for the high loads and durabilityrequirements of a marine engine. Non-marine partsmay fail prematurely, disabling the engine. Failurescaused by the use of non-marine parts are not coveredby warranty.
See your Volvo Penta dealer for replacement parts.
P0018334
P0018283
P0019982
Maintenance
80 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Volvo Penta engine oils, gear lubricants, and coolantsare formulated with the correct lubrication qualities andcorrosion inhibitors needed for marine applications.Use of these products ensures proper operation andprotection of your engine and drive. See your VolvoPenta dealer for genuine oils, lubricants and coolant.
Always insist that your dealer use genuine Volvo Pentaparts, oils, and lubricants when servicing your engineand drive. Genuine Volvo Penta parts have beendesigned and approved to meet the safetyrequirements and heavy demands of marine engines.Volvo Penta replacement parts are designed to meetall applicable legal requirements and industrystandards for marine applications.
Stop the Engine Before Service WARNING!
Stop the engine before doing any maintenance work.
WARNING!Working with or approaching a running engine is asafety risk. Watch out for rotating components and hotsurfaces.
See Serpentine Belt, page 85 for important safetyinformation about the belt system.
WARNING!Place warning signs stating that service is in progressin every position from which the engine can be started.
Electrical power must disconnected before working onthe engine. This prevents an accidental engine start. Italso prevents sparks, arching, and shocks whenworking on electrical systems.
To disconnect electrical power;
• remove the ignition key
• turn off the power supply to the engine at the mainswitches
• lock the switches, or
• tag the switches to alert others
• tag all starting positions
Disconnect and remove any shore power connectionsto the boat.
Reverse the procedure when the maintenance workhas been completed.
P0018332
P0018333
P0018336
P0018337
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 81
Pressure WashingNOTICE! Do not use a pressure washer on the engine,drive, or transom shield.
High pressure spray could damage engine electrical,cooling, and fuel components.
High pressure spray could damage the bellows, whichcould lead to major drive damage. Damage to coolinghoses, seals, and other parts is also possible.
P0018404
Maintenance
82 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Certified EnginesIf you own an engine certified for any area whereexhaust emissions are regulated by law, thefollowing is important:
Certification means that an engine type is inspectedand approved by the authorities. The enginemanufacturer guarantees that all enginesmanufactured of that type correspond to the certifiedengine.
This places special requirements for maintenanceand service as follows:
• The maintenance and service intervalsrecommended by Volvo Penta must be observed.
• Only genuine Volvo Penta replacement parts maybe used.
• The servicing of ignition, timing, and fuel injectionsystems must always be carried out by anauthorized Volvo Penta workshop.
• The engine must not be modified in any way exceptwith accessories and service kits approved by VolvoPenta.
• No modifications to the exhaust pipes and air supplyducts for the engine may be undertaken.
• Seals may only be broken by authorized personnel.
Otherwise the general instructions contained in thisOperator’s Manual concerning operation, service, andmaintenance must be followed.
NOTICE! Late or inadequate maintenance/service orthe use of spare parts other than Volvo Penta originalspare parts will invalidate Volvo Penta’s responsibilityfor the engine specification being in accordance withthe certified variant.
Volvo Penta accepts no responsibility or liability for anydamage or costs arising due to the above.
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 83
Service and Maintenance Points
P0019971
1 Fuse and Relay Box 8 Seawater Pump2 Oil Fill Cap 9 Belt Tensioner3 Engine Flush Fitting 10 Fuel Filter4 Engine Oil Dipstick 11 Coolant Expansion Tank5 Flame Arrestor 12 Coolant Fill Cap6 Heat Exchanger 13 Engine Oil Filter7 Serpentine Belt 14 Power Steering Dipstick
Maintenance
84 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Engine, General
Serpentine Belt WARNING!
Extreme crush and pinch hazard from belts, pulleys,and moving parts. Engine should be turned off beforestarting service or maintenance work.
Stop the engine before inspecting or servicing a belt.Loose clothing, hair, fingers or a dropped tool can becaught in the rotating parts of the engine and causeserious personal injury.
The alternator and engine circulation pump arepowered by a serpentine drive belt A that is driven bythe crankshaft pulley F and is routed around theautomatic belt tensioner B, alternator pulley C, idlerpulleys D and circulation pump pulley E.
Procedures for inspecting the belts are covered in theService and Maintenance Manual.
Lubrication System
Scheduled Oil ServiceFor a schedule of oil change intervals, refer to theService Protocol.
Volvo Penta recommends the use of our gasolineengine oils whenever performing oil service. Contactyour dealer for the correct engine oil.
If Volvo Penta oil is not available an alternative oil canbe used as long as it meets the Engine OilSpecifications, page 106.
Always change the oil filter every time the oil ischanged.
To ensure the engine oil is filled to the correct level, thelevel must always be checked on the dipstick. Thisincludes refilling the crankcase as part of changing theengine oil.
Checking Engine Oil LevelDuring the break-in period, slightly higher oilconsumption is possible. Check the oil level beforeevery trip. See Engine Break-in: Gasoline Engines(publication number 47700022) that came with yourengine.
P0018336
P0019973
P0016601
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 85
After the break-in period, check the oil level accordingto the Owners Checklist.
Frequent oil level checks are a good strategy to ensurelong engine life. Oil level checks help identify engineservice issues such as leaks and excessive oilconsumption before they become serious.
The oil level must be between the full D and add Emarks on the dipstick C. If the engine is not in ahorizontal position, the oil level on the dipstick will notbe accurate. If the oil level is checked with a coldengine, the oil level on the dipstick could be above theactual level. If the oil level is checked directly aftershutting the engine off the oil level on the dipstick willbe low. To get an accurate oil level reading on thedipstick:
1 Run the engine to normal operating temperature,then shut it off and wait at least 5 minutes.
2 Remove the dipstick and check the oil level.
NOTICE! Gas engines require a precise oil fill level tooperate correctly.
Overfilling results in high operating temperatures,foaming (air in oil), loss of power, and overall reducedengine life.
Adding Oil if LowNOTICE! All oil used for oil changes or added betweenchanges must meet the Engine OilSpecifications, page 106.
If oil is added, use Volvo Penta full Synthetic GasolineEngine Oil, Catalytic Converter Approved, SAE10W-40. If Volvo Penta oil is unavailable an alternativeoil can be used as long as it meets the Engine OilSpecifications.
P0019984
P0018402
Maintenance
86 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Fuel System
High Pressure Fuel System WARNING!
Risk of injury from the uncontrolled release of highpressure.The engine’s direct injection fuel system operates at avery high pressure. This pressure is also present whenthe engine is not running.The high pressure system is located under the intakemanifold. Service of this system must be performed bya trained technician, see your Volvo Penta dealer forassistance.
Safety Information DANGER!
Fuel leakage can contribute to a fire and/or explosion.Frequently inspect fuel system parts and replace if fuelleakage or parts deterioration are found.
DANGER!To prevent fire and explosion, perform all serviceprocedures with the engine turned OFF.
DANGER!Turn off the main battery switch to prevent straysparks. Eliminate all sources of spark.
DANGER!Failure to inspect your work may allow fuel leakage togo undetected. This could become a fire or explosionhazard.
WARNING!Risk of fire.When carrying out work on the fuel system make surethe engine is cold. A fuel spill onto a hot surface orelectrical components can cause a fire.
WARNING!Risk of fire.Store fuel soaked rags and other flammable materialso that there is no danger of them catching fire.
P0020801
P0018283
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 87
Ethanol-Blended GasolineGasoline is distributed throughout the world thatcontains ethanol. Ethanol-blended gasoline should notcause engine problems if the fuel and fuel system areproperly maintained according to the instructions givenin this manual and the Service and MaintenanceManual.
Ethanol has several characteristics that may lead tofailures in marine fuel systems;
• Ethanol in gasoline attracts and holds water, whichcan overload the fuel filter(s) and cause corrosion ofinjectors, pumps, and other fuel systemcomponents.
• Ethanol acts as a solvent and will loosencontaminants or debris in the fuel system, which canthen clog filters, injectors and other parts.
NOTICE! Fuel system or engine damage caused bywater, foreign particles, sludge, or gum created byethanol fuel is not covered by warranty.
Volvo Penta Ethanol Fuel Treatment(1) should be usedwhenever fuel is added to the boat, to maintainconstant protection from corrosion and oxidation. Addthe treatment according to the instructions on the label.Also use the treatment for offseason storage(winterization), as part of the fuel treatment process.See Fuel Treatment During Storage.
Volvo Penta gasoline engines are equipped with awater separating fuel filter (see Engine Fuel FilterReplacement).
The water separating fuel filter should be checkedfrequently for water and contaminants. Check and/orreplace the filter as part of diagnosing engineperformance issues (see Engine TroubleshootingGuides, page 60). Carry spare filters and needed toolsand supplies to change filters when boating.
P0020437
P0018600
P0018342
1. Not available in all markets. Use a comparable marine fuelstabilizer if the Ethanol Fuel Treatment is not available.
Maintenance
88 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Engine Fuel Filter Replacement DANGER!
Turn off the main battery switch to prevent straysparks. Eliminate all sources of spark.
Before you begin this procedure, be sure you have thefollowing on hand:
• new fuel filter
• fuel filter wrench
• clean engine oil
• container and absorbent materials
Remove all other personnel from the boat. If this is notpossible, ensure that all personnel are above-decksand away from confined compartments.
1 Turn off the engine and remove the key. Turn off allelectrical power to the engine and boat.
2 Be prepared to catch any fuel that spills from thefilter or pump.
3 Use a filter wrench to loosen the filter. Remove thefilter.
4 Using clean engine oil, lightly lubricate the gasketC and inner seal D on the new fuel filter.
5 Screw the new filter on to the pump assembly. Handtighten.
6 Clean up any spilled fuel. Safely discard the filterand any absorbent materials.
7 Turn on the main battery switch.
8 Run the bilge blower for at least five minutes to ventthe engine compartment.
9 Start the engine and check for fuel leaks. Correctleaks before proceeding.
DANGER!If you detect fuel leakage, turn off the engineimmediately - EXPLOSION AND FIRE ARE ANEXTREME DANGER.
P0016857
P0016858
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 89
Preparing the Fuel System forStorageIf the boat will not be used for two months or longer,the boat and engine must be prepared for storage.
Both the fuel in the tank(s) and the engine must betreated with a fuel treatment (stabilizer) that countersthe negative effects of ethanol-blended fuels.
Use Volvo Penta Ethanol Fuel Treatment(1) to treat thefuel in the tank(s). Add the treatment according to theinstructions on the label.
During storage the engine’s internal components mustbe protected from corrosion. This is done byintroducing a Fuel Storage Mixture in to the engine.Fuel treatment and two-cycle motor oil are mixed ingasoline and then run through the engine. The oil inthe mixture coats the inside of the engine andcomponents with a light protective film.
See your Volvo Penta dealer to have the fuel systemand engine treated with the Fuel Storage Mixturewhenever the boat and engine will be stored for morethan two months.
The Fuel Storage Mixture is also covered in the Serviceand Maintenance Manual.
Electronic Fuel InjectionThe electronic fuel injection (EFI) fuel metering systemdelivers the correct amount of fuel to the engine underall operating conditions. The EFI system is controlledby a microprocessor, and requires no periodicmaintenance or adjustment. If operational problemsoccur, see your Volvo Penta dealer.
P0018600
1. Not available in all markets. Use a comparable marine fuelstabilizer if the Ethanol Fuel Treatment is not available.
Maintenance
90 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Cooling System
Impeller: Checking & Replacing1 Loosen the four screws A and remove screws and
washers B. Save for later use.
2 Remove the cover plate C from the housing G .
3 Remove and inspect the impeller D. If there arecracks, signs of burning or melting on the edges, orany other visible defects, the impeller must bereplaced. Inspect the O-ring E for nicks, cuts, andwear. Replace as necessary. O-rings F are forretaining screws in the cover and are not critical.
4 Lubricate the pump housing with a light grease.
5 Install the impeller and O-ring. Reinstall the housingcover plate. Reinstall the washers and screws.Tighten screws to 19–24 in. lb. (2.2–2.8 Nm).
Freshwater Cooling SystemCheck the coolant level before each trip. If coolant islow, add by removing the coolant filler cap B andadding coolant via the fill spout. Do not fill above themaximum fill line A.
WARNING!Do not open the coolant filler cap when the engine ishot. Steam or hot fluid could spray out, causing severeburns.
WARNING!Ethylene Glycol coolant is poisonous to humans andanimals if ingested.
Dispose of all coolant and shop materials according tolocal environmental regulations.
CAUTION!Ethylene glycol coolant is an eye irritant. Wear eyeprotection when working with coolant.
NOTICE! The filler cap at C is for power steering fluid.Do not add coolant to this section of the reservoir.
Engines covered by this manual are filled at our factorywith the new, more advanced “VCS” yellow coolant. Ifcoolant needs to be added or replaced, seeCoolant, page 110 for info about the required coolant.
P0019977
P0019983
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 91
Inlet and Exhaust SystemIntake and exhaust system maintenance is limited tochecking and inspecting the bellows and clamps on theexhaust system.
Other work on these systems should be done by yourVolvo Penta dealer.
Exhaust Bellows and ClampsCheck the exhaust system according to the frequencydefined in the Service Protocol.
DANGER!Risk of carbon monoxide poisoning from a leakingexhaust system. Do not operate the engine withdefective exhaust system components.
Check the clamps C, make sure all are tight.
Inspect the rubber bellows B for signs of over-heatingor deterioration of the rubber. Defective bellows mustbe replaced before the boat is used again.
Inspect the exhaust manifolds M, risers R, elbows E,and pipe P for damage or leaks.
For replacement of exhaust parts see your Volvo Pentadealer.
Exhaust AnodesThere is an anode in each exhaust manifold, seeillustration.
If the engine is used in salt or brackish water theexhaust anodes must be checked yearly for erosion. Ifthe anode is more than 1/3 eroded, replace.
1 Screws – Anode housing cover; torque to 6–8 ft. lb.(8–11 Nm) when replacing assembly
2 Cover – Anode housing
3 Gasket – Anode housing
4 Anode
5 Screws – Anode; torque to 4–5 ft. lb. (5–7 Nm)when replacing
P0019986
P0019985
Maintenance
92 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Ignition SystemMaintenance for the ignition system is limited to plugwire inspections and replacing the spark plugs. Formore complex repairs see the Workshop Manual oryour Volvo Penta dealer.
NOTICE! When replacing or installing spark plugs,plug wires, or coils it is critical that the plug wires arereinstalled from the coil to the correct spark plug(cylinder). If the plug wires are connected to the wrongcylinder an engine miss-fire will occur. The miss-firemay cause engine damage. A miss-fire on a catalystequipped engine will also destroy the catalyst element.This damage can be expensive and is not covered bywarranty.
Firing orderV6: 1–6–5–4–3–2
Spark PlugsVery high quality spark plugs were installed in yourengine at the factory. Replacement spark plugs mustbe of equal quality. See your dealer for the correctspark plugs.
The ignition and fuel management systems of theseengines are finely tuned around many factors,including the exact specification of the spark plugs.Aftermarket plugs and plugs from other manufacturersmay differ slightly from the specifications of the factoryplugs.
NOTICE! Using non-factory plugs in your engine couldresult in poor engine performance and even enginedamage.
See the Service Protocol for replacement frequency.
Plug gap is 1.025 mm (0.040 in.).Spark plug installation torque is 21 Nm (15 lb.ft.)
Refer to the Service and Maintenance Manual forcomplete replacement procedures.
P0018461
P0021483
P0018387
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 93
Electrical SystemElectrical system maintenance is limited to care andreplacement of the battery (see below). Other electricalcomponents do not require regular or preventativemaintenance. Replacement or repair of thesecomponents is covered in the Workshop Manuals.
Fuses, relays and circuit breakers are covered at Fuseand Relay Box, page 72.
Battery DANGER!
Risk of explosion. Batteries generate a highly volatilegas. Keep all smoking, flames, and sparks away fromthe batteries.
Also observe the following;
All batteries must be enclosed in approved marinebattery boxes, with covers. The battery and box mustbe secured.
Always ventilate the area where the batteries arestored before beginning any work.
Before working on the cables turn the battery switch toOFF and disconnect any accessories wired directly tothe battery.
Incorrect battery cable connections can create a spark,make sure battery cables are mounted to the correctbattery post; + to +, — to —.
A spark can also be created when connecting ordisconnecting the cables. If there are electrical loadson the positive cable they will arc when the cable isinstalled. Remove the negative cable first and install itlast to reduce arcing.
WARNING!Risk of chemical burns. Battery electrolyte is verycorrosive. Wear eye protection when working aroundbatteries. Electrolyte spilled on the skin should beimmediately flushed off with water.
NOTICE! Do not disconnect the batteries if the engineis running, electrical components may be damaged.
NOTICE! Do not use wing nuts to secure batterycables, even if they were supplied with the battery; usea nut and lock washer to secure the cables.
Proper maintanance and care will increase thereliability and service life of the batteries;
• Battery posts and cables should be free ofcorrosion. If corrosion is present disconnect thecables and clean the posts and cable ends.
22827
P0020439
P0016587
Maintenance
94 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Corroded connections prevent full current flow,which can lead to numerous electrical issues withthe engine or boat.
• Make sure battery connections are tight. Looseconnections also prevent full current flow.
• Keep the batteries charged, especially duringstorage.
Drive
Checking the Drive Unit LubricantNOTICE! Improper oil level, under- or overfilled, mayresult in serious drive damage.
Check lubricant (oil) level in drive according to theOwners Checklist. Oil level and condition checks arethe best ways to catch drive problems before seriousdamage occurs.
Do not attempt to check oil if the boat is in the water.
Remove the dipstick. Check for oil on the flat portion Fof the dipstick.
If oil level is low, add small amounts through dipstickopening until oil is at proper level.
If level is too high, remove until oil is at proper level.See the Service and Maintenance Manual.
Check O-ring on dipstick for wear or nicks. Replace ifneeded.
Tighten dipstick to 48–72 in. lb. (5.4–8.1 Nm).
During oil level check, inspect oil for signs of waterintrusion. The oil should be amber in color. Milkylooking oil indicates water mixed with the oil. Alsocheck for metal or other debris in oil. If moisture ormetal flakes appear in the drive unit oil, take the boatto your Volvo Penta dealer.
Painting the DriveThe drive and transom shield require a unique paintrepair procedure. Refer to the Workshop Manual orsee your Volvo Penta dealer for additional informationregarding painting the drive.
Anti-fouling Paint: Drive and TransomShieldWhen using anti-fouling paint on the drive or transomshield, be sure to observe the following:
50398
P0016597
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 95
• Copper paints must not be used.
• Use paints specifically designed for aluminumdrives.
• Due to environmental concerns, the paintingprocedure should be carried out by a qualifiedtechnician at an authorized Volvo Penta dealership.
NOTICE! If you use copper-based paint on your boatbottom, leave a 1-inch border between the paint andthe transom shield. Failure to follow this instructionwill result in severe corrosion of the transomshield and drive.
Powertrim/Tilt-FluidThe trim/tilt assembly is a closed hydraulic system thatincludes the trim pump assembly, trim cylinders andhydraulic lines. No regular oil level check is requiredunless trim system performance is poor.
If system performance is poor, contact a Volvo Pentadealer or refer to the Workshop Manual.
Pitot Tube (Speedometer Port)The pitot tube, located at the leading edge of the driveunit, provides pressure input for the speedometer. Ifthe pitot tube becomes clogged (e.g. silt, sand,vegetation), the speedometer may stop functioning.
To clear debris from the pitot tube, use a six inch lengthof stiff wire (1/8” or 3 mm diameter) to push debris inthe pitot tube into the drive cavity.
If this does not solve the issue, the pitot may beblocked further up in the system of tubes andpassageways. Some drive or shield disassembly maybe required. See your authorized dealer for assistance.
50408
Maintenance
96 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
AnodesSacrificial anodes are attached to the bottom of thetransom shield A and on the rear of the drive B.
A correctly working anode will slowly erode away. Theyrequire frequent inspections to make sure there isenough anode material left to protect the shield anddrive.
Anodes that are taken in and out of the water (e.g trailerboats) will develop surface scale or oxidation. Thismust be removed, with sandpaper, for the anode tofunction.
Do not paint anodes, the paint will block the galvanicaction, preventing the anode from working correctly.
Anodes purchased from your Volvo Penta dealer meetthe highest specifications for material composition andpurity. Some aftermarket anodes may not meet thesequality specifications.
Inspecting Drive AnodesInspect anodes frequently, especially if the boat isstored in the water. See Owners Checklist.
If an anode is half its original size replace it. Theamount of erosion on the drive anode is a goodindication of the condition of the shield anode.
If additional electronic or electrical equipment isinstalled, each item should have an individual anodeor grounding device and all grounding devices must beinterconnected. Follow equipment manufacturersrecommendations.
Anode Replacement InformationNOTICE! Your Volvo Penta product has been shippedwith Aluminum anodes
Aluminum works best in salt or brackish water and isalso a good choice if the boat is used in different orunknown salinity conditions.
Magnesium anodes are available for freshwater use.
Zinc anodes are available if the boat will only be usedin saltwater.
See your dealer for replacement anodes.
P0018354
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 97
Oil Sensor Reset
OceanX (OX) drives onlyWhenever the drive oil is replaced, the drive oil sensormust be reset. If your dealer changed the oil in thedrive, the sensor should already have been reset.However, if you changed the drive oil yourself, or if thedealer forgot to reset the sensor, the alarm may sound.If this occurs, you can reset the sensor yourself byusing the following steps:
WARNING!Risk of accidental engine starting. Key must be inignition and engine electrical power turned on toperform this procedure. Tag each starting position toalert others that service is being performed on thedrives and the engines must not be started.
The boat/drive must be out of the water for thisprocedure.
1 Trim the drive so that the cavitation plate is level.
2 Allow the drive oil to settle for at least 30 minutes.
3 Using a 12 mm socket, remove the five shift coverscrews. Remove the shift cover.
4 Insert the key into the ignition switch O. Turn thekey one step to the right I to switch on engineelectrical power. Do not start the engine.
5 Move the plastic protector A off of the oil sensorconnector B.
6 Press the release on the connector and pull the plugout of the sensor.
7 Wait at least three seconds. Plug the connectorback in.
8 The engine alarm will sound three beeps toacknowledge that the sensor has been reset.
9 Reinstall the cover and screws, torque screws to17–23 Nm (13–17 ft. lb.).
P0021190
P0018309
51735
Maintenance
98 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Propeller
Propeller CareA damaged or unbalanced propeller will causeexcessive vibration and a loss of boat speed. Underthese conditions, stop the engine and check thepropeller for damage. If the propeller appearsdamaged, have it checked by your Volvo Penta dealer.Always carry a spare propeller and replace thedamaged propeller as soon as possible.
A rubber hub in the propeller is the shock absorber thatminimizes damage to drive units and engines. If therubber hub should begin to slip, it can be easilyreplaced at an authorized Volvo Penta dealer orpropeller shop.
WARNING!Protect your hands from the sharp edges of thepropeller blades. Wear gloves whenever you removeor replace a propeller. Do not attempt to hold propellersby hand when you remove or install propellers andpropeller nuts. Serious injury could result.
NOTICE! Never continuously run with a damagedpropeller. Running with a damaged propeller can resultin drive unit and engine damage.
Propeller ReplacementRemoving and installing propellers is covered in theService and Maintenance Manual.
Special tools are required for DPS propellers. See yourdealer to acquire the tools.
P0016598
P0018363
Maintenance
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 99
Steering
Power Steering Reservoir FluidLevelWhenever you check the engine oil, also check thesteering reservoir fluid level. Fluid level on the dipstickB should be in the range A shown in the image. Ifneeded, add Volvo Penta Power Trim/Tilt and SteeringFluid. Do not overfill the reservoir.
NOTICE! Never fill the steering system with oil ofunknown quality. Non-recommended oil may causesteering operation impairment or component damage.
Do not allow contaminants to enter the reservoir whenchecking or filling the oil level.
NOTICE! Filler cap C is for coolant/anti-freeze. Do notadd power steering fluid to this section of the reservoir.
Power Steering FluidSee you Volvo Penta dealer for steering fluid.If the Volvo Penta fluid is not available use automatictransmission fluid, Dexron 2 or higher classification.
P0019978
Maintenance
100 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
StorageLaying Up (Winterization)Be sure that your Volvo Penta equipment is properlyprepared for long or short term storage. Engine or drivedamage can result if some simple maintenance stepsare overlooked prior to storage. Winterizing gives youthe assurance that your engine will be protected duringstorage and will run more reliably when you put yourboat back in the water.
Short-Term StorageUp to two months:
Add fuel stabilizer; refer to Ethanol-BlendedGasoline, page 88.
Flush engine with fresh water. See EngineFlush, page 48.
Drain water from raw water side of engine coolingsystem. Do not drain the engine block! SeeEngine Shutdown, page 52.
Store battery as recommended by manufacturer.
P0016600
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 101
Long-Term StorageFor long term storage (more than two months), werecommend that you have your Volvo Penta dealer“winterize” your engine and drive. Your dealer willprovide the proper servicing and maintenance toensure that your equipment is treated and storedproperly.
Should you decide to winterize the engine and driveyourself, carry out the following procedures, in theorder in which they are listed below:
Fuel system treatment as described in Preparingthe Fuel System for Storage, page 90.Check coolant for proper fill level and freezeprotection level. See the Service andMaintenance Manual.Drain water from raw water side of engine coolingsystem. See Engine Shutdown, page 52.Pump the bilge dry and air out enginecompartment.Store battery as recommended by manufacturer.
P0016599
Storage
102 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Bringing Out of Storage
After Short-Term StorageWhen launching your boat after short-term storage,always carry out the steps provided in the followingchecklist:
Check fuel system for leaks. If presentcorrect before proceeding.
DANGER!Explosion and fire hazard. If fuel or fuelvapors are present this must be correctedbefore continuing the procedure.Check battery for correct charge. Reinstall ifremoved.
Check all oil and fluid levels and fill asnecessary.
Check drive and transom shield anodes.Clean or replace as necessary.
Storage
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 103
After Long-Term StorageWhen launching your boat for the first time or whenstarting out a new season, always carry out the stepsprovided in the following checklist:
Check fuel system for leaks. If presentcorrect before proceeding.
DANGER!Explosion and fire hazard. If fuel or fuelvapors are present this must be correctedbefore continuing the procedure.Check battery for correct charge.
Inspect battery cables, terminals, andconnections.
With ignition switch and/or battery switch inOFF position, install battery and attachbattery cables.
Check all oil and fluid levels and fill asnecessary.
Check condition of hoses.
Check drive and transom shield anodes.Clean or replace as necessary.
Storage
104 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Technical Data
Engines
Engine SpecificationsV6-200-N, V6-240-N, V6-280-N
P0019970
ModelDisplacement
Comp.Bore/StrokeL cu. in.
V6–200 4.3 262 11.0:1 99.6/92V6–240 4.3 262 11.0:1 99.6/92V6–250 4.3 262 11.0:1 99.6/92V6–280 4.3 262 11.0:1 99.6/92
(2) (3) (4)
Engine RPM RangeV6-200-N, V6-240-N, V6-280-N
Engine RPM Range (5)
V6–200, V6–240, V6–250, V6–280
5400 – 5800
NOTICE! If the engine exceeds maximum RPM or cannot reach the RPM range at full throttle (wide openthrottle, or WOT), especially for extended periods, thisis an indication of problems with the boat, engine orpropeller(s). Engine damage may occur if the engineis operated at these conditions. This type of damageis not covered by warranty.
The engine should not be operated at RPMs above theRPM range. If the engine is routinely exceeding themaximum RPM or is frequently at the RPM limitcontrolled by the engine computer, the boat should betaken to the dealer to check for proper propeller size.
If the engine will not reach the RPM range, the boatmay be overloaded or over-propped and should betaken to the dealer for correction.
Either condition can lead to serious engine damage ifnot corrected.
Idle RPM for these engines is 650. This is controlledby the engine computer and can not be adjusted.
2. cubic inches3. compression ratio4. mm5. revolutions per minute
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 105
Lubrication System
Engine Oil SpecificationsWhenever oil is added to the engine, we stronglyrecommend you visit your Volvo Penta dealer, who willhave the correct oil to meet the demands of theseengines.
If the Volvo Penta oil is not available, use a high qualityoil that is approved for marine engines.
Engine Oil CapacityNOTICE! Overfilling the oil can cause engine damage.Always use the dipstick to check the oil level wheneverrefilling or topping up the oil.
Capacity;V6 – 6.0 U.S. Quarts (5.7L)
Capacity includes oil filter change.Always change the filter when the oil is changed.
Oil FilterThe engine oil filter is a replaceable paper elementfilter.It is located in a housing on the upper right corner ofthe engine. See Service and MaintenancePoints, page 84.
This type of filter results in less material requiringdisposal at each oil change.
See your Volvo Penta dealer for replacement filters.
P0018402
P0024424
Technical Data
106 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Fuel System
Octane RequirementsUse unleaded gasoline with the following minimumoctane rating:
• In the U.S.: (R+M)/2 (AKI) - 87
• Outside the U.S.: (RON) - 90
NOTICE! Engine damage resulting from the use oflower octane gasoline (below 87 AKI or 90 RON) isconsidered misuse of the engine and is not covered bythe warranty.
All Volvo Penta gasoline engines are engineered tooperate on AKI 87 (RON 90) octane fuel. Mid-gradeand premium fuels contain injector cleaners and otheradditives that protect the fuel system and provideimproved performance. EFI engines may obtain anincrease in power from higher octane fuels.
Ethanol-Blended GasolineVolvo Penta gasoline engines are designed to operateon the commercially available ethanol-blendedgasoline approved by the legislation and governmentalagencies of all countries where the engines aremarketed and sold.
NOTICE! Do not use ethanol blends that contain ahigher percentage of ethanol than gasoline, such asE85 (85% ethanol) or E98. Volvo Penta engines arenot designed to run on high percentages of ethanol.Loss of performance will occur. Engine damage mayalso occur; damage caused by fuel with too high apercentage of ethanol is not covered by warranty.
Regardless of the ethanol content, the fuel must meetthe octane requirements stated above.
US OnlyFuel with 15% ethanol (E15) is now available in theUnited States. Fuel pumps dispensing E15 fuel will bemarked with the label shown at left.
Federal law prohibits the use of E15 fuel in boats.
P0020437
P0008534
P0015684
Technical Data
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 107
Outside the USV6–280
In markets outside the US, these engines can beoperated on the commercially available ethanol-blended gasoline offered in that market (subject to thecriteria above).
V6–200, V6–240, V6–250
In all markets, these engines can not be operated onfuel blends that contain more than 10% ethanol.These engines are not marketed or sold in marketswhere fuels with higher ethanol blends arepredominant.
NOTICE! If fuel with a higher percentage of ethanol isused in V6–200, V6–240, or V6–250 engines, loss ofperformance will occur. Engine damage may alsooccur; damage caused by fuel with too high apercentage of ethanol is not covered by warranty.
Fuel System CareEthanol has several characteristics that can createproblems in marine fuel systems. It acts as a solventand it attracts and holds water in a much higherpercentage than non-ethanol fuels. Users of ethanol-blended fuels must take additional care in themaintenance of their fuel systems. Ethanol blendedfuels should not cause engine problems if the fuel andfuel system are properly maintained accorded to theinstructions given in this manual.See Maintenance;Fuel System, and Storage.
NOTICE! Fuel system or engine damage caused bywater, foreign particles, sludge, or gums created byimproperly handled ethanol fuel is not covered bywarranty
Biobutanol-Blended GasolineEngines covered by this manual have been approvedby Volvo Penta for operation on gasoline blended with16% Biobutanol, or Bu16.
Use of Biobutanol will not void the warranty of VolvoPenta gasoline engines.
Volvo Penta and the National Marine ManufacturersAssociation encourage the use of Biobutanol in marineengines.
Biobutinol (either isobutanol or n-butanol) is createdfrom biomass and is blended with gasoline to helpmeet renewable fuel mandates and clean airstandards. Bu16 contains a higher percentage (16%)of renewable fuels than traditional E10 gasoline (10%),without sacrificing engine performance or reliability.
Bu16 can be mixed with any E10 or other approvedfuel already in the boat’s fuel tank(s).
P0022187
P0022218
Technical Data
108 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Biobutanol is chemically different from ethanol anddoes not have ethanol’s negative characteristics whenblended in fuel. The Bu16 fuel blend does not absorbwater like E10; the phase separation common in E10fuel does not occur in Bu16. Isobutanol is not acorrosive agent (ethanol is highly corrosive) and willnot damage fuel system parts. These characteristics,combined with a significantly higher energy content,make Bu16 fuel ideal for marine engines.
MethanolDo not use any fuel containing methanol in VolvoPenta gasoline engines.
Methanol is also known as methyl alcohol, woodalcohol, carbinol, wood naphtha, methyl hydrate, orwood spirits.
DANGER!Seek medical help immediately if methanol toxicity issuspected.Drinking or inhalation of even small amounts ofmethanol can lead to blindness or death.Repeated exposure by contact or inhalation can causenumerous health issues.
NOTICE! Serious engine damage may result from thecontinued use of fuel containing methanol. Anyresulting engine damage is not covered by thewarranty.
Fuel FilterThese engines are equipped with a water separatingfuel filter. The filter is a spin-on, canister style filter.
The filter is mounted to the fuel pump assembly.
Volvo Penta filters are designed to provide the filteringspecifications and corrosion prevention qualitiesrequired by the fuel system.
See Engine Fuel Filter Replacement, page 89 forservice.
P0018342
Technical Data
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 109
Cooling System
CoolantEngines covered by this manual are filled at our factorywith Volvo VCS yellow coolant. If coolant needs to beadded or replaced, use the VCS coolant.
NOTICE! Do not mix coolant types. Always use thesame coolant type that is already in the engine.
Mixing different coolant types could result in a mixturethat clogs the cooling system and may not have thecorrect protection properties. Both issues areexpensive to repair.
Volvo Penta offers ready-to-use, pre-mixed containersof the VCS coolant. If using full strength VCSantifreeze, use a 50/50 mix of antifreeze and distilledwater.
Change the coolant according to the schedule in theService Protocol.
See your dealer or the Service and MaintenanceManual for the procedure to check the coolant for thecorrect freeze protection level.
Coolant CapacityCooling system capacities are provided below as aguideline for ordering coolant.
Capacity;9.5 liters (2.5 U.S. Gallons).
Quantities given are for new, empty cooling systemsand are intended only as a guideline for orderingmaterials for servicing the cooling system.
WARNING!Do not open the coolant filler cap when the engine ishot. Steam or hot fluid could spray out, causing severeburns.
When refilling the cooling system, add coolant byremoving the coolant filler cap B and adding coolantvia the fill spout.Do not fill above the maximum fill line A.
NOTICE! The filler cap at C is for power steering fluid.Do not add coolant to this section of the reservoir.
On engines with hot water outlet kits (see Hot WaterOutlet, page 26), additional coolant (above theamounts in the chart) will be needed to completely fillthe system.
P0016256
P0019983
Technical Data
110 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Electrical System
Electrical SystemThe electrical system is 12 volt.
Battery CablesWhen replacing battery cables, always use multi-strand copper cables of the same gauge (or better) asthose already installed in your boat by the boat builder.If you are unsure of the gauge to be used, consult yourdealer. The maximum length is 20 feet per cable,regardless of diameter.
NOTICE! Do not use aluminum core battery cables.Failure to use battery cables of recommended gaugeand material could result in poor starting and electricalcomponent damage.
BatteryMinimum specifications for the starting battery;12 volt650 Cold Cranking Amps (CCA)135 minute reserve capacity
NOTICE! Failure to use a battery of recommendedspecifications could result in poor starting andelectrical component damage.
When replacing the battery, replace with one that hasthe same (or more) cold cranking amps and reservecapacity as the battery installed in your boat by theboat builder. If you are unsure of the battery to be used,consult your dealer.
NOTICE! Do not use deep cycle batteries to start theengine. A deep cycle battery, while it may have enoughCCAs, may not have enough voltage during crankingto power the engine computer (ECM). This can causeproblems with the ECM and engine.
P0016602
P0002255
Technical Data
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 111
Drive
Drive Unit LubricationThe drive unit is filled at the factory with Volvo PentaSynthetic Gear Oil.
For refilling or topping off use Volvo Penta SAE75W/90 API service GL 5 synthetic gearcase lubricant.
NOTICE! Whenever you are changing or topping offthe oil, always check the oil level using the dipstick.
Sterndrive Oil CapacityAll SX Models: 2.8 quarts (2.7 liters)
All DPS Models: 2.6 quarts (2.5 liters)
NOTICE! If your drive is equipped with a Drive Spacer,you will need to add more oil than the recommendedamount.
P0016608
P0016609
Technical Data
112 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
Identification NumbersAlways provide the engine, drive, and transomassembly identification numbers when servicing yourproduct. The identification numbers are on the decalsand plates described below.
Record the identification numbers and store theinformation away from the boat.
The engine decal is located on the alternator cover.
The transom assembly & drive unit stickers should belocated on the engine decal. These stickers shouldhave been placed on the engine decal at the time thetransom assembly and drive unit were mounted onyour boat.
The engine plate is typically located on the port rearside of the engine block.Similar plates are located on the drive and transomassembly.
The California emission sticker is located on the enginecover.
The emission control Information stickers are locatedon the port side of the front accessory bracket (besidecirculation pump).
The tune-up and color code decal is located on thecoolant expansion tank.
P0025259
22780-1
51802
22773–a
22776–a
P0019987
Technical Data
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 113
Declaration of Conformity
Recreational Craft DirectiveThe engines covered by this manual are not equippedwith the catalytic converters and other control devicesneeded to meet the emission requirements of the EURecreational Craft Directive 2014/30/EU (RCDII).
RCDII went in to effect in the EU on January 18, 2017.Engines that do not meet the RCDII standard can notbe imported in to the EU, regardless of the build dateof the engine or the vessel.
There is NO Declaration of Conformity (DOC) for theengines covered by this manual.
Technical Data
114 47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA
AAbout this Manual........................................................6Active Corrosion Protection System....................24, 74Adding Oil if Low....................................................... 86Adjusting the control lever......................................... 23After Engine Shutdown..............................................47After Long-Term Storage.........................................104After Short-Term Storage........................................ 103Alarms....................................................................... 32Anodes...................................................................... 97Aquatic Invasive Species.......................................... 50BBattery............................................................... 94, 111Battery Cables.........................................................111Before Engine Shutdown...........................................46Before Starting.......................................................... 27Biobutanol-Blended Gasoline..................................108Boat Bottom...............................................................68Break-in Procedures..................................................31Bringing Out of Storage...........................................103CCalifornia Proposition 65........................................... 16Carbon Monoxide...................................................... 11Certified Engines....................................................... 83Checking Engine Oil Level........................................ 85Checking the Drive Unit Lubricant.............................95Controls..................................................................... 23Coolant.................................................................... 110Coolant Capacity..................................................... 110Cooling System................................................. 91, 110Cruising Speed..........................................................36Customer Relations...................................................18DDealer Locator Services............................................ 17Declaration of Conformity........................................114Determining the Proper Trim..................................... 39Doing Your Own Maintenance and Repairs.............. 80Draining the Engine...................................................52Drive.................................................................. 95, 112Drive Position, When Not in Use .............................. 51Drive Unit Lubrication.............................................. 112EElectric Fuel Pumps.................................................. 71Electrical System...............................................94, 111Electronic Fuel Injection............................................ 90Emissions Control Components................................ 79Engine Cranks, But Will Not Start............................. 61Engine Dies Out........................................................ 65Engine Flush............................................................. 48Engine Fuel Filter Replacement................................ 89Engine Noises and Vibrations................................... 63Engine Oil Capacity.................................................106Engine Oil Specifications.........................................106Engine Overheats......................................................70Engine Protection Mode............................................ 68Engine RPM Range.................................................105Engine Runs Rough.................................................. 64
Engine Specifications.............................................. 105Engine Submersion................................................... 58Engine Temperature Too High.................................. 64Engine Troubleshooting Guides................................ 60Engine Will Not Crank............................................... 61Engine Won’t Reach Operating RPM........................65Engine Won't Restart, after running out of fuel..........69Engine, General........................................................ 85Engines................................................................... 105Ethanol-Blended Gasoline.................................88, 107Exhaust Anodes........................................................ 92Exhaust Bellows and Clamps....................................92FFlooded Engine......................................................... 30Freshwater Cooling System...................................... 91Fuel Filter................................................................ 109Fuel System...................................................... 87, 107Fuse and Relay Box.................................................. 72GGauges......................................................................20HHard Starting – Cold Engine......................................62Hard Starting – Hot Engine....................................... 62High Altitude Operation............................................. 44High Performance Boat Operation............................ 45High Pressure Fuel System.......................................87Hot Water Outlet........................................................26Hour Meter................................................................ 79Hull Weight................................................................ 67IIdentification Numbers.............................................113Ignition Lock.............................................................. 19Ignition switch............................................................19Ignition System..........................................................93Impeller: Checking & Replacing................................ 91Inlet and Exhaust System..........................................92LLaying Up (Winterization)........................................ 101Less than Optimal Performance................................67Long-Term Storage................................................. 102Low Battery Voltage After Short Storage.................. 66Low oil pressure........................................................ 69Low Oil Pressure or Engine Knock............................66Lubrication System............................................85, 106MManeuvering..............................................................32Methanol..................................................................109Models.........................................................................6OOctane Requirements............................................. 107Oil Filter................................................................... 106Oil Sensor Reset....................................................... 98Onboard Tools and Parts.......................................... 27Operating in Freezing Temperatures........................ 43Operating Trim Controls............................................ 37Operation Break........................................................ 47Owners Checklist...................................................... 78
Index
47712778 09-2020 © AB VOLVO PENTA 115
Owner's Responsibility.............................................. 78PPainting the Drive...................................................... 95Pitot Tube (Speedometer Port)................................. 96Power Steering Reservoir Fluid Level..................... 100Powertrim............................................................ 21, 72Powertrim Control......................................................21Powertrim/Tilt............................................................ 36Powertrim/Tilt-Fluid................................................... 96Preparing the Fuel System for Storage..................... 90Pressure Washing..................................................... 82Pre-start Procedure................................................... 28Preventative Maintenance and Safe Boat Operation 77Propeller.................................................................... 99Propeller Care........................................................... 99Propeller Replacement..............................................99RReading the Instruments........................................... 31Recreational Craft Directive.................................... 114Running Aground...................................................... 56SSafety Alert Symbol and Safety Messages................. 7Safety Lanyard.......................................................... 35Safety precautions for boat operation....................... 32Safety Precautions While Operating the Boat............. 8Salt Water Operation.................................................44Scheduled Maintenance............................................77Scheduled Oil Service............................................... 85Seawater Strainer......................................................25Serpentine Belt..........................................................85Service and Maintenance Points...............................84Service Protocol........................................................ 77Shallow Water Operation.......................................... 43Shift and throttle control............................................ 23Shifting and Speed Control....................................... 33Short-Term Storage.................................................101Spark Plugs............................................................... 93Special Boating Conditions....................................... 43Starting the Engine....................................................29Static Water Line....................................................... 75Static Water Line Test............................................... 76Steering............................................................. 73, 100Steering System Operation....................................... 41Stop the Engine.........................................................46Stop the Engine Before Service................................ 81TTrailering Your Boat.................................................. 51Trim Gauge............................................................... 21Trim Ranges..............................................................38Trim/Tilt Motor Protection.......................................... 41Twin Unit Steering..................................................... 41VVolvo Penta Action Service....................................... 18Volvo Penta Dealer Network..................................... 17Volvo Penta on the Internet.......................................17WWarranty Information.................................................17Water heater..............................................................26Water in Bellows........................................................70
Water in Oil and Oil Level..........................................71
116
AB Volvo PentaSE-405 08 Göteborg, Sweden
www.volvopenta.com 47712778 E
nglis
h 09-2
020