operations & (osha class iii) & uses tsi sample

Training Services International, Inc Asbestos Operations & Maintenance Slideshow

1

Operations &

Maintenance

(OSHA Class III)

Asbestos

Training Course

Training Services International www.TSItraining.com

Characteristics

& Uses

Section 1


TSI

What questions will be answered?

What is asbestos?

Where is asbestos found?

How is asbestos

used?

Is asbestos banned?

P.1 TSI

SOME FACTS ABOUT ASBESTOS

Used in over 3000 commercial products

Extremely long, thin flexible fibers that can be woven

Resistance to chemical and thermal degradation

High tensile strength

High electrical resistance

Fire resistant

Good insulator

P.1

TSI

Asbestos minerals

Serpentine

Chrysotile

Amphiboles

Amosite

Crocidolite

Tremolite

Actinolite

Anthophylite

P.2 TSI P.3

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Worldwide

Asbestos

Production

P.4

31

10

9

19

3

33

8

57

4

1,2

92

2,2

14

3,4

94

4,6

99

4,0

14 2

,11

0

2,0

00

1,9

70

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2009 2010

Worldwide Asbestos Production

(thousands of metric tons)

TSI

Asbestos Producing Countries

2010 World Asbestos

Production=1,970 (thousands of metric

tons)

• Russia=1,000

• China=350

• Brazil=270

• Kazakhstan=230

• Canada=100

• Other countries=20

P.4

TSI

Asbestos Consuming

CountriesWorld Asbestos

Consumption

2007

(thousands of metric tons)

• China=626

• India=302

• Russia=280

• Kazakhstan=109

• Brazil=93.8

• Thailand=86.5

• Uzbekistan=86.5

• Ukraine=86.5

P.4 TSI

Asbestos Uses

Asbestos Containing Material

• Usually more than 1% asbestos

• Canada, some states have lower levels

Suspect ACM

• May contain asbestos

Assumed ACM

• Not tested, treated as ACM

P.5

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Asbestos Uses

Asbestos-Containing Building Material

• ACM on interior or other parts of school

Presumed ACM

• Definition can mislead, OSHA requires due diligence

P.5 TSI

Suspect ACM

Cement Pipes

Cement Wallboard

Cement Siding

Asphalt Floor Tile

Vinyl Floor Tile

Vinyl Sheet Flooring

Flooring Backing

Construction Mastics

Acoustical Plaster

Decorative Plaster

Textured Paints/

Coatings

Ceiling Tiles and Lay-in

Panels

Spray-Applied

Insulation

Blown-in Insulation

Fireproofing Materials

Taping Compounds

(thermal)

Packing Materials

GasketsLaboratory

Hoods/Table Tops

Laboratory Gloves

Fire Blankets

Fire CurtainsElevator

Equipment Panels

Elevator Brake Shoes

HVAC Duct Insulation

Boiler Insulation

Breaching Insulation

Ductwork Flexible Fabric Connections

Cooling Towers

Pipe Insulation

Heating and Electrical

Ducts

Electrical Panel Partitions

Electrical ClothElectric Wiring

InsulationChalkboards

Roofing Shingles

Roofing Felt Base FlashingThermal Paper

ProductsFire Doors

Caulking/Putties

Adhesives

WallboardJoint

CompoundsVinyl Wall Coverings

Spackling Compounds

P. 6

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Suspect

ACM

Commercial & School

Buildings

P. 7 TSI

Suspect

ACM

Residential Buildings

P. 7

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Non-Suspect ACM

Suspect materials• Sample or assume

Usually non-suspect• Cautiously ignore

• i.e. cinder block, mortar, brick, most paint

Non-suspect• Ignore

• Wood, metal, glass

P. 8 TSI

Categories of ACM

Surfacing ACMThermal System Insulation ACM

(TSI)

Miscellaneous ACM

P.8

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Surfacing Material

Fireproofing Acoustical Plaster

Sprayed or trowelled on, loosely-bound materials

P.8 TSI

Thermal System Insulation

P.9

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Thermal System Insulation

P.9

Mis

cell

an

eo

us Roofing Cemetitious siding

Resilient Flooring

Fire Doors

Drywall & Joint Compound

Gasket

P. 10

Misce

llan

eo

us

Vermiculite Ceiling Tile

Window Caulking

CementitiousPipe

Sink Under-coating

Fabrics/ cloths

P. 10

Miscellaneous

Wire Insulation

Lighting

Cable coversElectrical

Parts

Electrical Baskets

Electrical Panels

P. 10

TSI

Asbestos Bans

P. 11 TSI

Asbestos cement

Asphalt roofing products

Ceiling Tile

Resilient flooring

Mastics

Gaskets

Wallboard & joint compound

Friction products

Clothing & cloth products

Caulking & glazings

Light concrete

All other uses not mentioned in bans

Asbestos Bans-Non-Banned Products

P.11

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EPA does not track asbestos products

•Manufacture,

•Processing or

•Distribution in commerce

P. 11 TSI

International Asbestos Bans

• Map from http://www.mesotheliomajointcompound.com

P.12

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New Buildings & Materials

Treat newer materials as asbestos?

• Most materials not banned

• Lack of enforcement with existing bans

• Raw material contamination

• Global presence & use

Why?

P.12 TSI

Material Documentation

Material Safety Data Sheet

Asbestos – Free Certification

Sample Analysis Reports

P.13

Asbestos

Exposure

Section 2


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What is asbestos

exposure?

How is asbestos exposure

measured?

How is asbestos exposure

controlled?

P. 14

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Asbestos Exposure

Friable & Non-Friable

• Material can be crumbled or reduced to powder by hand pressure

• Potential to release fibers in the air

Intact vs.

Non-Intact

• Asbestos no longer in material matrix (crumbled, pulverized)

• Current ability to release fibers in air

P. 14 TSI

Airborne fiber levels

Worker breathing zone

Measuring Asbestos Exposure

P. 15

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Permissible Exposure Limit 0.1 f/cc for 8 Hr. TWA

Excursion Limit (EL)

1.0 f/cc for 30 min period

USEPA Clearance Level 0.01 f/cc


P. 15 TSI


P. 15

TSI

Negative Exposure Assessment

Proof being below PEL

Objective, previous jobs, current jobs

• Similar jobs assumed below PEL

• Closely resemble criteria

• Can reduce requirements

Once NEA established

P. 16 TSI

Controlling Asbestos Exposure

P. 16

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Maintaining ACM

Advantages

• ACM remains (performance)

• Minimal facility disruptions

• Low initial cost

• No/ minor waste generated

Disadvantages

• ACM hazard remains

• Material may need repaired

• Future removal costs may be higher

P. 16 TSI

Controlling Exposure

Maintaining ACM

Operations & Maintenance

(O&M) Program

Encapsulation Enclosure

Repair

P. 17

TSI


Required before

renovation &

demolition

Recommended with ACM in

poor condition

P. 17 TSI


Removal Advantages

No ACM in facility

Life cycle cost may be less

Removal Disadvantages

Areas of facility must be regulated

High initial cost

Large amount of waste generated

Many facility disruptions

P. 17

Health Effects

Section 3


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How can asbestos harm me?

What diseases can be caused by exposure

to asbestos?

P. 18

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Effects of

Asbestos

Exposure

Primary route of exposure is inhalation

Secondary route is ingestion

Latency Period of 10-40 years

10,000 deaths/ year

High risk occupations

• Mining

• Milling

• Manufacturing

• Insulating

• Ship building

• Construction

P. 18 TSI

Asbestosis

Also called ‘White Lung’

Fibrotic scarring of

the lung

1,500 deaths/

year

20,000 hospital

visits

10-20 yr latency period

Shortness of breath common symptom

Dose-response

relationship

P. 19

TSI

Causes most asbestos-

related deaths

(≈4000/ yr)

Dose response relationship

20 year latency period

Asbestos exposure + smoking = over 50 X greater risk

Lung

Cancer

P. 19 TSI

Mesothelioma

Cancer of the lining of the chest cavity or abdomen

2,500 deaths/ year

Rare Cancer

No dose-response relationship

Often fatal

20-40 yr latency

P. 20

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Other Asbestos – Related Diseases

Asbestos-Linked Cancers

• Esophagus

• Stomach

• Colon

• Pancreas

Pleural Conditions

• Plaques

• Thickening

• Effusion

P. 20

Liability &

Responsibility

Section 4


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What types of liability are

associated with asbestos?

What are building owner and employer

responsibilities?

Who else has responsibilities

during O&M activities?

What are the Federal and

state asbestos regulations?

P. 21 TSI

Asbestos Liability

Regulatory

Criminal

Civil

P. 21-22

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Regulated Asbestos Activities

P. 22-23 TSI

Permitted Asbestos Activities

P. 23-24

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Personnel Requirements

Asbestos-trained personnel

Work area isolation

Work practices Worker protection

P. 24 TSI

Federal Asbestos RegulationsOSHA (29 CFR 1926.1101)

• All asbestos jobs covered

• Class I – Removal of TSI & surfacing

• Class II – Removal of all materials except TSI &

surfacing

• Class III – any repairs up to 1 glovebag or disposal bag

• Class IV – cleanup where ACM is contacted but not

disturbed

• Unclassified operations

• PACM - Presumed Asbestos-Containing Material.

P. 25

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Federal Asbestos Regulations

AHERA (40 CFR Part 763 Subpart E)

� All LEA’s - public or private, not-for –profit

school system consisting of grades K-12.

� Manage/ abate all asbestos containing

building material (ACBM)

� Response actions include all friable

asbestos abatement projects conducted in a

school building or on exterior mechanical

components

P. 25 TSI

Federal Asbestos Regulations

NESHAP (40 CFR Part 61 Subpart M)

� Category I NF (pliable)

� Category II NF (brittle, rigid)

� RACM – basically any currently or will

become friable material

� Notification requirements

� Emission control procedures

� Disposal requirements

P. 26

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State Asbestos Regulations

P 28-29 TSI

Building Owner Responsibilities

P. 27

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Employer Responsibilities

P. 28 TSI

Competent Person

OSHA Asbestos requirements

Responsible for activity

One assigned each project

P. 28

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Competent Person

• Worker qualifications

• Use of PPE & worker protection

• Direct work practices

• Documentation

Capabilities

• Violations, injuries, damage

• May be personally responsible

• Regularly inspect job site

Responsibilities

P. 28 TSI

Worker’s Responsibility

Knowingly and willfully

violating a regulation

Falsifying training records

Performing asbestos work

without the proper training

P. 29

TSI

Training

P. 29

Sampling &

Analysis

Section 5


TSI


Why is asbestos sampling

conducted?

How is a material’s asbestos content

determined?

How are asbestos airborne

levels determined?

What are the sampling

procedures for

determining exposure?

What air sampling

records are required?

P. 30 TSI

Types of Samples

Air

Bulk

P. 30

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Bulk (Material) Sampling

Asbestos Inspection Procedures

Identify suspect asbestos materials

Collect and analyze suspect asbestos material samples

Evaluate the hazard level posed by the ACM

Conducted by certified inspector

P. 30 TSI

Bulk Sampling

Any samples from material over 1% = ACM

Materials with asbestos 1% or less have OSHA issues

No testing data = ACM

P. 30

TSI

Air Sampling

P.30

Determines worker

exposures

Measures isolation methods,

work practices and engineering

controls effectiveness

Suitability to re-

occupy asbestos

work area

TSI P. 31-32

TSI

Airborne fiber levels

Worker breathing zone

Personal Air Sampling

P. 33 TSI

Personal Air Sampling

• Pump @ lower back

• Tubing up back, over the

shoulder

• Cassette with filter placed

in the employee’s breathing

• Normal procedures, leave

equipment alone

• Calibrate pump

Air Sampling

Equipment

• Date of measurement

• Operation (task)

• Sampling & analytical methods

• Number, duration, & results of

samples

• Protective devices worn

• Name, SS#, & exposure of all

represented employees

Recordkeeping

Requirements

P. 33

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Available Results

Results kept for 30 yrs

PEL 0.1 f/cc for 8 Hr. TWA

EL 1.0 f/cc for 30 min

USEPA Clearance Level 0.01 f/cc

Results & Exposure Levels

P. 34 TSI

Air Sampling Log

P. 35

Medical

Surveillance

Section 6


TSI


What are the reasons for

medical surveillance programs?

What is involved with an asbestos

medical surveillance

program?

What are the medical exam

reporting requirements?

P. 36

TSI

Medical Surveillance Triggers

• Doctor’s or physician’s authorization required

• Prior to wearing respirator

Respirator Approval

• 30 Days of asbestos work or exceeding PEL

• W/in 10 days of 30th day

Medical surveillance program required

P. 36 TSI

Exam Content

P. 37

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Physician’s Responsibilities/ Exam

Can employee work w/ NPE?

Medical conditions at risk w/ asbestos exposure

Employee informed of results & risky activities

Informed of asbestos & smoking lung cancer risk

P. 38 TSI

Exam

Results

P. 38

Personal

Protective

Equipment

Section 7


TSI

Respiratory Hazards & Respirator Use

Asbestos is a toxic

particulate

Determine presence & exposure

Reduce levels w/ work

practices & engineering

controls

Respirators are last line of

defense

P. 39

TSI

Use of Respirators

•Wet methods not used

•Exposure not demonstrated below PEL

•Disturbing TSI or Surfacing

When do I have to wear a

respirator?

•Wet methods used

•Exposure below PEL

•Disturbing miscellaneous

When do I nothave to wear a

respirator?

P. 39 TSI

Selecting Respirators

P. 40

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Respirator Selection

Protection Factor MUCRecommended

Use Concentration

P. 40TSI

Respirator Selection

Maximum Use Concentration

Highest exposure allowed w/ type of

respirator

PEL inside facepiece

(0.1 f/cc)

Allowed to wear any respirator @ or

below MUC

Recommended Use Concentration

0.01 f/cc inside facepiece

USEPA Final Clearance

P. 41

TSI

Types of

Masks

&

MUC

&

RUC

Half-Mask Air-Purifying

• PF=10

Full Facepiece Air-Purifying

• PF=10 (qualitative)

• PF=50 (quantitative)

Powered Air-Purifying (PAPR) Helmet/ Hood

• PF=25

Powered Air-Purifying

• PF=1000

P. 41 TSI

Required Approval

National

Institute of

Occupational

Safety and

Health

Asbestos Filter Requirements

P-100 rating

• P= oil & solvent resistance

• 100= 99.97% efficiency @ 0.3 µm

Color = purple or magenta

Made for specific facepiece

Need multi-media (piggy back) filters for other hazards

• i.e. fumes, vapors

Types of Filters

P. 42

TSI

Respirator Fitting & Care

User Seal Check -

Every time

• Close off inlets

• Inhale collapsing facepiece slightly

• Seal should hold for 10 seconds

Negative pressure

check

• Close off exhalation valve

• Exhale gently 10 seconds w/o leakage

Positive pressure

check

P. 42-43 TSI

Fit Tests

P. 43-45

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Respirator

Care • Warm soapy water wash

• Clean water rinse

• Air Dry

Cleaning

• Routine inspections

• Repair w/ qualified personnel & parts

Maintenance

• Protect from damage

• Plastic bagsStorage

P. 45-46 TSI

Protective Clothing

• Keeps asbestos off body

• Usually disposable

• Required above PEL or no NEA

Basics

• Don prior to entering regulated area

• Remove on outside dropcloth/ outside regulated area

Wearing requirements

• Proceed to

decontamination

area

• HEPA vac suit using

buddy system

• Take suit off inside-

out, rolling suit

down body

• Dispose of suit as

asbestos waste

Removal procedure:

P. 46-47

Asbestos

Repair

Preparation

Section 8


TSI

Overview

Determine asbestos content

Evaluate intact/

non-intact

Determine if NEA exists

Are people in adjacent

areas aware?

Assemble needed

tools and supplies.

P. 48

TSI

Asbestos Content

P. 48 TSI

Condition, Size & Level of Repair

• Class III ≤ 1 glovebag/ disposal bag

Quantity

• Not crumbled @ start

• Remains intact

Intact repairs

• Crumbled prior to removal

• Crumbles during removed

Non-intact repairs :

P. 49

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Does NEA Exist?

P. 49-50 TSI

Level of Repair

Level A Repair - Intact

Basic work practices

Established work area

Limited isolation of repair activity

P. 50

TSI

Level B Repair - Glovebag

1 glovebag/ repair

Glovebag seals repair area

Commonly used for pipe insulation



P.50 TSI

Level of Repair

P.51

Level C Repair – Mini-Enclosure

Isolates repair area w/ 6 mil plastic enclosure

Negative pressure & airflow established w/ HEPA filtration

• Keeps fibers in area and air levels lower

Used when glovebag can’t contain disturbance



TSI

Are People in Adjacent Areas Aware?

Competent Person’s responsibility

Repair personnel verify

Options regarding adjacent personnel

Remove from surrounding area

Notify all in surrounding area

Methods

Send notices

Post signs

Hold meetings

P.51 TSI

Assembling Tools & Supplies

• Has asbestos supplies & materials

• Need tools to work on equipment

Asbestos repair kit

Keep stocked

Inventory

P.52

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Isolating the

Work Area

Section 9


TSI

Overview

Prepare the area

Establish regulated area

Comply w/ regulated area requirements

P. 53

TSI

Preparing the Work Area

Follow general maintenance safety + asbestos controls

LOTO electrical & HVAC (if feasible)

GFCI live electric

Cool equipment

Only authorized personnel in work area

• Schedule when area is not in use• Schedule when area is not in use

• Lock room/ area

• Barrier tape

Avoid creating unsafe work area, ie egress

P. 53 TSI

Establishing Asbestos Regulated Area

All asbestos repairs

1. Make material accessible

2. Danger signs & barrier tape

• Readable prior to entering regulated area

• May be placed inside physical barriers

• About 5-10’ perimeter around repair location

3. GFCI live circuits

4. Remove non-stationary items

• Move outside regulated area or cover w/ plastic

P. 54

TSI


5. Plastic sheet/ drop cloth beneath removal activity

• Extend 2-3’ from repair area

• Cover elevated working surfaces

6. Establish decontamination area

• Required above PEL, optional below

• Plastic sheet on floor outside regulated area

• Used for donning/ removing PPE, cleaning waste bag & equipment

P. 54-55 TSI


Tool Box

Work

Area

Decon

Area

Sign

Sign

SignEgress

Sign

P.55

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Regulated Area Requirements

Maintained during entire repair activity

Only authorized personnel inside

• Readable prior to entering regulated area

• May be placed inside physical barriers

• About 5-10’ perimeter around repair location

PPE donned prior to entry

• Performed on outside drop cloth

Prohibited activities (w/ or w/o NEA)

• Eating, Drinking, Smoking, Chewing tobacco or gum, Applying cosmetics

P. 55

Asbestos

Repair Work

Practices

Section 10


TSI

OverviewGeneral asbestos work practices

Glovebaggingprocedures

Mini-Enclosures

Waste disposal.

Specific procedures P. 56 TSI

Asbestos Work Practices

Safety factors may cause exceptions

Primary way to reduce exposure

All asbestos jobsWet

MethodsHEPA Vacs

Prompt Clean-up

P. 56

TSI

Asbestos

Work

Practices

Wet methods

• Water + surfactant

• Other solutions may be

considered

• Reduces airborne fiber

concentrations

• Material dislodges from

substrate easier

• Safety considerations/ solution

properties

P. 56 TSI

Asbestos Work Practices

HEPA Vacuums

• 99.97% efficiency @0.3 µm

• Make sure working properly

Prompt Clean-up

• Containerize waste as soon as practical

• Prevents waste from drying/ releasing asbestos

P. 57

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OSHA Prohibited Activities

High Speed Saws

Compressed Air

Dry Clean-

up

P. 57 TSI

Repair Strategies

Intact / Limited Disturbance (usually w/ NEA)

• Demarcate with signs & barrier tape

• Drop cloth underneath repair activity

• Drop cloth outside demarcated zone (optional w/ NEA)

P. 57

TSI

Repair

StrategiesGlovebag

Demarcate with signs & barrier tape

Drop cloth underneath repair activity

Drop cloth outside demarcated zone

Place tools/ equipment/ supplies in work area and in glovebag

Candystripe insulation that will remain and sealed to glovebag.

Install, seal & smoke test glovebag

P. 58-59 TSI

Repair

StrategiesMini-Enclosure

Demarcate with signs & barrier tape

Place tools/ equipment/ supplies in work area

Construct mini-enclosure with 6-mil plastic sheeting

Install HEPA vac or small AFD to establish negative pressure and air flow

Set up drop cloth outside mini-enclosure entrance

Use asbestos work practices

P. 59-61

TSI

Asbestos

Repair

Strategies

Summary

Level A

• Most Materials w/ Intact / Limited Disturbance

• Regulated Area

• Asbestos Work Practices

Level B

• Pipe Insulations & Non-intact gaskets

• Regulated Area

• Install Glovebag

• Asbestos Work PracticesLevel C

• Boiler, Tank, Duct Insulation & Uncontrolled Disturbances

• Mini Enclosure & Regulated Area

• Asbestos Work PracticesP. 62-63 TSI

Waste Handling & Disposal

During repair collect continuously

Asbestos waste includes:

� Asbestos material

� Coveralls

� Used rags

� Used drop cloths

� Used respirator filters

� Unwanted contaminated parts

� Unwanted asbestos barrier tape & signs

P. 64

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Waste

Handling &

Disposal

Procedures

Use asbestos bags w/ OSHA & DOT labels

Thoroughly wet waste and place in 1st bag

Collapse 1st bag and seal by goose-necking

with duct tape.

1st bag, drop cloths, suits, and used

respirator filters are all placed in 2nd bag

Removing from facility

Generator label

Manifest

DANGER

CONTAINS ASBESTOS

FIBERS

AVOID CREATING DUST

CANCER AND LUNG

DISEASE HAZARD

P. 64 TSI

HEPA Vac Cleaning & Filter Replacement

1. Prep & Set up

2. PPE Use

3. Access Contaminated

HEPA Filter

4. Remove & Replace

HEPA Filter

P. 65

TSI

HEPA Vac Cleaning & Filter Replacement

5. Clean Work Area

6. Contain & Seal Waste

7. Closeout

P. 66 TSI

Material-Specific Requirements• Piping System Insulation Repair

• Surfacing Material Repair

• Boiler and Tank Insulation Repair

• Drywall/ Joint Compound Repair

• Gasket Removal

• Repairs Involving Flooring Material

• Repairs Involving Transite Siding

• Repairs Involving Roofing Material

• Clean-up Procedures/ Fiber Release Episodes

P. 66-75

Competent

Person

Responsibilities

Section 11


TSI

Overview

Responsible for repairs

• Identifying hazards

• Selecting control strategy

• Authority to take corrective measures

• Keep trained

• Employee exposure

Capabilities

• Violations, injuries, damage

• May be personally responsible

• Regularly inspect job site

Responsibility areas:

P. 76

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Repair Activity Duties

1 Competent Person/ Repair

•Doesn’t have to do itResponsible for

repair

• Can rely on various sources of data

Needs to know expected exposure

P. 76 TSI

Competent Person

• Identify repairs asbestos repairs

• Determine repair level

• Review available NEA and determine employee exposure

• Make sure personnel qualified and have PPE & equipment

• Review work with personnel.

• Be available to respond

• Review paperwork, repair site, and waste disposal location

Repair Activity DutiesRepair Activity Duties

P. 77

TSI

Repair Activity Duties

Oversee keeping equipment and supplies stocked.

File completed paperwork in designated location.

Make available air sampling reports with asbestos repair personnel.

Asbestos Repair Activity Log (P 78-79)

P. 77

General

Safety

Section 12


TSI

Overview

All job sites have safety

concerns

Asbestos abatement

activities often make job sites

less safe

P.80 TSI

Safety

Electrical

Ladders

Scaffolding

Lifts

Slips & Falls

Haz-ComP.80-83

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operations & (osha class iii) & uses tsi sample

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