open textbooks, open doors - 2012
DESCRIPTION
This is our most current presentation on open textbooks.TRANSCRIPT
Geoff CainCollege of the Redwoods
www.studentpirgs.org/open-textbooks
Godin, Seth. (2010) “The Coming Melt-Down in Higher Education (as seen by a marketer)http://sethgodin.typepad.com/
Prices rising
2xthe rate ofinflation
Students average
$750 - $900per year on textbooks
Part 1: Flawed market structure gives publishers too much
powerPublisher
Student Professor
Part 2:Self-destructive business model drives unstable model
Students
Bookstore
Publisher
Each textbook is bought and sold several times, but the publisher only profits on the first sale
used books
$238.95only
High Price
s
New Editions new 6th
$213.95
used 5th edition$81.78
Costly Bundles
$213.95
with CengageNOW, Personal Tutor with SMARTHINKING, InfoTrac 2-Semester Printed Access Card
Biology, 8e
Who Pays for Textbooks?• Students• Parents• EOPS• Board of Gov.• Financial Aide
The solution must:1. Utilize open, non-commercial licenses• Texts must be easily editable• Come from the academic community• Include peer-review and editing• Provide free options for students• Create a useable, accessible repository• Utilize an efficient distribution and print-on-demand system
Redefine the model and the “text.”
What makes a textbook
open?
An “Open Text” is free of copyright constraints.
• Public Domain • Creative Commmons
o Attribution (by) o Share Alike (sa) o Non-Commercial (nc)o No Derivative Works (nd)
Open licenses legally grant the right to:• Make copies and change formats• Distribute copies• Create customized versions
A good way to think about open licenses:
© Some Rights Reserved (vs. All Rights Reserved)
Content is like traditional textbooks:• Table of contents, chapters, index• Written by expert author• Edited and peer-reviewed
Formats go beyond traditional textbooks:• Accessible free online by the public• Downloadable,
typically as a PDF• Available in print
Collaborative StatisticsBy Barbara Illowsky and Susan Dean
cnx.org/content/col10522
Download PDF or print
Read online version
Purchase printed copy
Purchasing a hard copy through print on demand publisher QOOP
Click here to print out
Key term links to definition
Navigate table of contents
Benefits for students:• Students choose their preferred format (print,
PDF, online, etc.)• Online access is free• Other formats are optional and fairly priced
Benefits for instructors:• All students have immediate access to the text• New editions are optional• Ability to customize• Corrections are immediate
Benefits for Colleges• Greater access to education for more students• Save money• Textbooks customized to
a specific population
The Downside…• Can require organized, coordinated effort• Books need reviewers• Possible hidden infrastructure costs (hosting,
printing, distribution, etc.)
Individual authors• Personal motivations• Sabbatical time/grant funding• Count open textbooks toward tenure?
Institutional projects• A consortium of 80+ community colleges is
pooling resources to write and review texts• Rice University founded CNX.org, a platform that
hosts numerous open textbooks• Hewlett & Maxfield Foundations funded the
creation of a new open textbook
Government funding• A new bill introduced by Sen. Durbin (D-IL) would
create a federal grant program to create open textbooks through the NSF
• The WA community college system received state funding to create open curriculum & texts for the 80 highest enrollment courses.
What About "Open" Commercial Publishers like Flat World Knowledge? This is a failed model because:• It is how we got into trouble in the first place• It sets up a commercial intermediary between the students
and content• Tends to create proprietary interfaces (reader software)
that costs money• Costs inevitably go up
The Long Tail
The same area
Benefits of this publishing model:• Used books aren’t a big threat, since new books
are affordable• Digital and print-on-demand distribution is far
more efficient• No need for excessive restrictions to prevent
piracy - the book is already available for free!
Remember, the solution must:1.Utilize open, non-commercial licenses• Texts must be easily editable• Come from the academic community• Include peer-review and editing• Provide free options for students• Create a useable, accessible repository• Utilize an efficient distribution and print-on-demand
system
There are models that do this now!
Instructors can • Seek & consider open textbooks• Participate in open communities• Promote open textbooks at their colleges• Negotiate electronic rights
Students can • Speak to their professors and encourage them to
consider open textbooks• Promote open texts on campus though student govt.• Get involved with Student PIRGS
Colleges can • Offer support to faculty interested in adopting or writing
open textbooks• Consider textbook authoring in tenure• Provide stipends and sabbatical • Join other colleges in joint OER efforts
Some Specific Examples• OpenStax - Free, openly licensed, peer-reviewed books.• Methods of Discovery: a guide to research writing
Open Textbook Collections• OER Commons - There are a lot of textbooks here that will be of interest to us. Under recommended
resources click on "textbooks.“• Connexions - This is a site that features reusable modules and learning objects as well as some text
Project Sites for OER and Open Textbooks• Sophia Open Content Initiative - This is from De Anza and a good example of a grant-driven project in
California.• Community College Consortium for Open Educational Resources - This project site has a lot of useful
links.• Open Education Resources Center for California - This is a good site for more information and
resources in California.
More information on OER at Brainstorm in Progress.
Adapted from a presentation by The Student PIRGsIllustrations from www.studentpirgs.org and http://commons.wikimedia.org unless otherwise noted.