Open Source for LibrariesOpen Source for LibrariesMaking rational choices between open Making rational choices between open

source and traditionally licensed source and traditionally licensed softwaresoftware

Marshall BreedingMarshall BreedingDirector for Innovative Technologies and ResearchDirector for Innovative Technologies and ResearchVanderbilt UniversityVanderbilt Universityhttp://staffweb.library.vanderbilt.edu/breedinghttp://www.librarytechnology.org/

NEXT GENERATION LIBRARY TECHNOLOGIES-- A conference sponsored by the Southeastern NY Library Resources Council

Program DescriptionProgram Description

Marshall Breeding will set the tone by Marshall Breeding will set the tone by examining the opportunities as well as the examining the opportunities as well as the challenges that are encountered when challenges that are encountered when embracing open source technologies.  In the embracing open source technologies.  In the last couple of years, open source has entered last couple of years, open source has entered the library automation scene in a big way. the library automation scene in a big way.  Breeding will talk about the major issues that  Breeding will talk about the major issues that libraries need to consider as they weigh open libraries need to consider as they weigh open source and traditionally licensed ILS products, source and traditionally licensed ILS products, exploring the relative cost and risks of each exploring the relative cost and risks of each alternative.  He will give a brief overview of alternative.  He will give a brief overview of the products and companies that comprise the products and companies that comprise this new sector of the ILS industry.this new sector of the ILS industry.    

Open Source Open Source SoftwareSoftware

Broad TrendsBroad Trends

Open Source Open Source InfrastructureInfrastructure

IT InfrastructureIT Infrastructure

LinuxLinux ApacheApache

– LuceneLucene– SolrSolr

MySqlMySql PostgreSQLPostgreSQL

Web Server deploymentWeb Server deployment

Source: Netcraft www.netcraft.com

Operating System Market Operating System Market ShareShare

IDC figures for OS on new server IDC figures for OS on new server shipments 3Q 2007:shipments 3Q 2007:

Windows Server: Windows Server: 67.1% 67.1% Linux: Linux: 22.8% 22.8%

– Slight gain for Windows/loss for Linux Slight gain for Windows/loss for Linux over previous quarterover previous quarter

TrendsTrends

Open Source Software well Open Source Software well established in for general IT established in for general IT infrastructureinfrastructure

Linux emerging as the dominant Linux emerging as the dominant flavor of Unixflavor of Unix

Commercial options continue to Commercial options continue to prosperprosper

Open Source Library Open Source Library SoftwareSoftware

(non-ILS)(non-ILS)

General Infrastructure General Infrastructure ComponentsComponents

Index DataIndex Data– YAZ toolkitYAZ toolkit

Z39.50Z39.50 SRU/WSRU/W

– Zebra XML Search EngineZebra XML Search Engine– MetaproxyMetaproxy

““metasearching proxy front end server for metasearching proxy front end server for integrating access to multiple back-end integrating access to multiple back-end Z39.50-compliant databases”Z39.50-compliant databases”

– MasterKey federated search engineMasterKey federated search engine

Open Search Federated Open Search Federated SearchSearch

LibraryFindLibraryFind

Open source federated searchOpen source federated search Built-in OpenURL resolverBuilt-in OpenURL resolver 3-teired caching 3-teired caching Customizable interfaceCustomizable interface Developed by the University of Developed by the University of

Oregon LibrariesOregon Libraries

dbWizdbWiz

Open source federated search utilityOpen source federated search utility Developed at Simon Frasier Developed at Simon Frasier

UniversityUniversity

MasterkeyMasterkey

Developed by Index DataDeveloped by Index Data Highly optimized, multithreaded Highly optimized, multithreaded

searching of many databasessearching of many databases Faceted browsing of resultsFaceted browsing of results Demo: masterkey.indexdata.comDemo: masterkey.indexdata.com

Open source software from Open source software from OCLCOCLC

http://www.oclc.org/research/softwarhttp://www.oclc.org/research/software/e/

Several OAI utilitiesSeveral OAI utilities– OAIcatOAIcat– OAIHarvesterOAIHarvester

SRU/WSRU/W OpenURL 1.0OpenURL 1.0 Pears: text storage and indexingPears: text storage and indexing

Digital Repository Digital Repository ApplicationsApplications

FedoraFedora

Open source digital repository engineOpen source digital repository engine Not an out-of-the-box solutionNot an out-of-the-box solution

– Many organizations have developed Many organizations have developed their own interfaces and applications their own interfaces and applications built on top of Fedorabuilt on top of Fedora

VTLS Vital product based on FedoraVTLS Vital product based on Fedora Supported by Fedora CommonsSupported by Fedora Commons

– http://www.fedora-commons.org/http://www.fedora-commons.org/

DspaceDspace

Institutional Repository ApplicationInstitutional Repository Application Originally developed by Hewlett Originally developed by Hewlett

Packard and MITPackard and MIT http://www.dspace.orghttp://www.dspace.org Widely deployed by Universities for Widely deployed by Universities for

institutional repository projectsinstitutional repository projects

KeystoneKeystone

Developed by Index DataDeveloped by Index Data Open source digital repository Open source digital repository

applicationapplication– Digital content managementDigital content management– Federated searchFederated search– OAI harvestingOAI harvesting– Link resolver servicesLink resolver services

Open source discovery Open source discovery productsproducts

AKA: Next Generation AKA: Next Generation CatalogsCatalogs

VUFind – Villanova VUFind – Villanova UniversityUniversity

Based on Apache Solr search Based on Apache Solr search toolkittoolkit

http://www.vufind.org/http://www.vufind.org/

eXtensible CatalogeXtensible Catalog

University of Rochester – River Campus University of Rochester – River Campus LibrariesLibraries

Financial support from the Andrew W. Financial support from the Andrew W. Mellon FoundationMellon Foundation

http://www.extensiblecatalog.info/http://www.extensiblecatalog.info/– Just received a second round of funding from Just received a second round of funding from

MellonMellon $283,000 (April 2006)$283,000 (April 2006) $749,000 (October 2007)$749,000 (October 2007)

– Wider institutional participationWider institutional participation

Fac-Back-OPAC Fac-Back-OPAC

Initially developed Dan Scott Initially developed Dan Scott Laurentian University Laurentian University

Further work by Casey Durfee at the Further work by Casey Durfee at the Seattle Public LibrarySeattle Public Library

Based on:Based on:– MARCXMLMARCXML– SolrSolr– Django (Python-based Web application Django (Python-based Web application

framework)framework)

ScriblioScriblio

Formerly WPopacFormerly WPopac OPAC based on WordPressOPAC based on WordPress

Open Source in the ILS Open Source in the ILS arenaarena

Products and trendsProducts and trends

Open Source ILS enters the Open Source ILS enters the mainstreammainstream

Earlier era of pioneering efforts to ILS Earlier era of pioneering efforts to ILS shifting into one where open source shifting into one where open source alternatives fall in the mainstreamalternatives fall in the mainstream

Off-the-shelf, commercially Off-the-shelf, commercially supported product availablesupported product available

Still a minority player, but gaining Still a minority player, but gaining groundground

Tracking the Open Source Tracking the Open Source MovementMovement

Through Marshall’s articles Through Marshall’s articles and columnsand columns

March 2002: Open source ILS: March 2002: Open source ILS: still a distant possibilitystill a distant possibility

““I do not, however, expect to see such I do not, however, expect to see such victories of Open Source software over victories of Open Source software over commercial products in the integrated library commercial products in the integrated library system arena. Both broad historical and system arena. Both broad historical and recent trends argue against a movement recent trends argue against a movement toward libraries creating their own library toward libraries creating their own library automation systems—either in an Open automation systems—either in an Open Source or closed development process.”Source or closed development process.”

Early open source efforts included Avanti, Early open source efforts included Avanti, Pytheas, OpenBook, and KohaPytheas, OpenBook, and Koha

3 out of 4 now defunct3 out of 4 now defunct

Source: Information Technologies and Libraries, Mar 2002

Oct 2002: An update on Open Oct 2002: An update on Open Source ILSSource ILS

““the open source systems such as the the open source systems such as the three mentioned above are but a three mentioned above are but a small blip on the radar. Compared to small blip on the radar. Compared to the thousands of libraries that acquire the thousands of libraries that acquire automation systems from commercial automation systems from commercial vendors each year, the handful that vendors each year, the handful that use open source systems cannot yet use open source systems cannot yet be noted as a trend. “be noted as a trend. “– Discussed Koha, LearningAccess ILS, Discussed Koha, LearningAccess ILS,

Avanti MicroLCSAvanti MicroLCS

Source: Information Today, Oct 2002http://www.librarytechnology.org/ltg-displaytext.pl?RC=9975

… … then the world changedthen the world changed

Mar 2007: On update on Open Mar 2007: On update on Open Source ILSSource ILS

““As I look back at my 2002 column on open source ILS, I see As I look back at my 2002 column on open source ILS, I see that I mentioned both Koha and the Learning-Access ILS. that I mentioned both Koha and the Learning-Access ILS. Over this 4-year time period I have seen Koha usage Over this 4-year time period I have seen Koha usage increase from a single library system to two or more library increase from a single library system to two or more library systems plus a few individual public libraries and a large systems plus a few individual public libraries and a large number of other small ones. The LearningAccess ILS is used number of other small ones. The LearningAccess ILS is used in 15 libraries. Evergreen currently represents the largest in 15 libraries. Evergreen currently represents the largest group of libraries sharing a single open source ILS group of libraries sharing a single open source ILS implementation.implementation.

Over the same time period, well over 40,000 libraries have Over the same time period, well over 40,000 libraries have purchased a commercial ILS. So, relative to the entire purchased a commercial ILS. So, relative to the entire library automation arena, those using an open source ILS library automation arena, those using an open source ILS still represent a minuscule portion of the whole.still represent a minuscule portion of the whole.

That said, conditions are ripe for a more rapid adoption of That said, conditions are ripe for a more rapid adoption of open source ILS than we have seen in the past. “open source ILS than we have seen in the past. “

Source: Computers in Libraries, Mar 2007http://www.librarytechnology.org/ltg-displaytext.pl?RC=12445

Mar 2008: Making a business Mar 2008: Making a business case for Open Source ILScase for Open Source ILS

We’re living in a phase of library automation We’re living in a phase of library automation characterized by an characterized by an increased interest in open increased interest in open sourcesource-not just in back-end infrastructure -not just in back-end infrastructure components but also in the mission-critical business components but also in the mission-critical business applications such as the integrated library system. applications such as the integrated library system. Open source library automation systems, including Open source library automation systems, including Koha and Evergreen, have been propelled into the Koha and Evergreen, have been propelled into the limelight. Recent survey data fails to corroborate limelight. Recent survey data fails to corroborate broad interest that libraries are ready to adopt open broad interest that libraries are ready to adopt open source ILS. source ILS. The success of early adopters of The success of early adopters of open source ILS now serve as a catalyst for open source ILS now serve as a catalyst for others. Paths now exist with more mature others. Paths now exist with more mature systems and professional support options.systems and professional support options. As As the open source movement matures, these system the open source movement matures, these system will need to compete on their own merits and not will need to compete on their own merits and not solely on a philosophical preference. solely on a philosophical preference.

Source: Computers in Libraries, Mar 2008http://www.librarytechnology.org/ltg-displaytext.pl?RC=13134

Apr 2008: Automation System Apr 2008: Automation System Marketplace Marketplace

““Last year marked the launch of the open Last year marked the launch of the open source ILS into the mainstream; it received source ILS into the mainstream; it received major attention in the press and at library major attention in the press and at library conferences. From a business perspective, conferences. From a business perspective, open source ILS contracts represented a open source ILS contracts represented a very small portion of the library automation very small portion of the library automation economy. The success of early adopters' economy. The success of early adopters' implementations has already diminished implementations has already diminished skepticism. Many indicators suggest that skepticism. Many indicators suggest that open source ILS contracts will displace open source ILS contracts will displace larger percentages of traditional licensing larger percentages of traditional licensing models in each subsequent year.models in each subsequent year.

Source: “Automation System Marketplace: Opportunity out of Turmoil” April 1, 2008

An industry in turmoilAn industry in turmoil

Disruptions and business decisions to Disruptions and business decisions to narrow options have fueled the open narrow options have fueled the open source movementsource movement

Benefit to libraries in having Benefit to libraries in having additional optionsadditional options

Traditionally licensed and open Traditionally licensed and open source ILS alternatives will coexist in source ILS alternatives will coexist in the ILS arenathe ILS arena

Open Source vs Traditional Open Source vs Traditional licensinglicensing

Taking sides?Taking sides? Both viable optionsBoth viable options Avoid philosophical preferenceAvoid philosophical preference Which best supports the missions of Which best supports the missions of

libraries?libraries? Which approach helps libraries Which approach helps libraries

become better librariesbecome better libraries

Current Open Source ILS Current Open Source ILS Product OptionsProduct Options

Koha: first Open Source ILSKoha: first Open Source ILS

Koha + Index Data Zebra = Koha Koha + Index Data Zebra = Koha ZOOMZOOM

Components:Components:– PerlPerl– ApacheApache– MySqlMySql– Zebra: search engine option for larger Zebra: search engine option for larger

installationsinstallations

Libraries committed to Libraries committed to KohaKoha

300+ libraries300+ libraries Horowhenua Library TrustHorowhenua Library Trust Nelsonville Public LibraryNelsonville Public Library

– Athens County, OHAthens County, OH Crawford County Federated Library SystemCrawford County Federated Library System

– 10 Libraries in PA10 Libraries in PA Howard County, MDHoward County, MD

– Service area population: Service area population: 266300266300 – 4.7 million circulation transactions in 20064.7 million circulation transactions in 2006– 1 million volumes1 million volumes

Central Kansas Library SystemCentral Kansas Library System Santa Cruz Public LibrarySanta Cruz Public Library

– Central, 9 branchesCentral, 9 branches– 2 million volumes2 million volumes

Near East University LibraryNear East University Library– 1.5 million volumes1.5 million volumes

KohaKoha

EvergreenEvergreen

Developed by the Georgia Public Developed by the Georgia Public Library ServiceLibrary Service

Small development teamSmall development team June 2004 – development beginsJune 2004 – development begins Sept 5, 2006 – live productionSept 5, 2006 – live production Streamlined environment: single Streamlined environment: single

shared implementation, all libraries shared implementation, all libraries follow the same policies, one library follow the same policies, one library cardcard

Libraries using EvergreenLibraries using Evergreen

Georgia PINESGeorgia PINES– http://http://gapines.orggapines.org

Georgia PINES:Georgia PINES:– 1 Installation1 Installation– 54 Public Library Systems54 Public Library Systems– 260+ library facilities260+ library facilities– Does not include municipal systems: Atlanta-Fulton Does not include municipal systems: Atlanta-Fulton

County, Cobb CountyCounty, Cobb County Province of British Columbia in Canada – Province of British Columbia in Canada –

Northern PINESNorthern PINES Kent County, MDKent County, MD Under consideration by academic Under consideration by academic

libraries in Canadalibraries in Canada

EvergreenEvergreen

OPALSOPALS

Open source Automated Library SystemOpen source Automated Library System– http://www.mediaflex.net/showcase.jsp?record_id=52http://www.mediaflex.net/showcase.jsp?record_id=52

Developed and Supported by Media FlexDeveloped and Supported by Media Flex– Harry Chan Harry Chan – Original developer of MandarinOriginal developer of Mandarin– Installation ($250) and Hosting services ($750)Installation ($250) and Hosting services ($750)

South Central Organization of (School) South Central Organization of (School) LibrariesLibraries

consortium of K-12 school libraries in NYconsortium of K-12 school libraries in NY

Libraries using OPALsLibraries using OPALs Dutchess County BOCES School Library System Union Dutchess County BOCES School Library System Union

Catalog Catalog Rockland County BOCES School Library System Union Rockland County BOCES School Library System Union

Catalog Catalog – manage as many as half a million unique titles and close manage as many as half a million unique titles and close

to a million holdings. to a million holdings. South Central Organization Of (School) Library SystemsSouth Central Organization Of (School) Library Systems

– 1.7 million titles and more than 3 million holdings for 1.7 million titles and more than 3 million holdings for 300 schools 300 schools

24 school libraries in Rockland County use OPALS open 24 school libraries in Rockland County use OPALS open source software to manage the daily operations of their source software to manage the daily operations of their libraries libraries

In New York State, 15 BOCES School Library Systems In New York State, 15 BOCES School Library Systems provide interlibrary loan services and building level provide interlibrary loan services and building level management services to 900 school libraries using OPALS management services to 900 school libraries using OPALS open source softwareopen source software

Source: Harry Chan. MediaFlex

SCOOLSSCOOLS

NextGenLibNextGenLib ILS designed for the developing worldILS designed for the developing world Originally traditionally licensed, introduced 2003Originally traditionally licensed, introduced 2003 Transition to Open Source in Jan 2008Transition to Open Source in Jan 2008 122 Installations (India, Syria, Sudan, Cambodia)122 Installations (India, Syria, Sudan, Cambodia) Collaborative project:Collaborative project:

– Kesavan Institute of Information and Knowledge Kesavan Institute of Information and Knowledge Management Management

– Versus Solutions Versus Solutions – Versus IT Services Pvt. Ltd Versus IT Services Pvt. Ltd

http://www.librarytechnology.org/ltg-displaytext.phttp://www.librarytechnology.org/ltg-displaytext.pl?RCl?RC=13150=13150

Learning Access ILSLearning Access ILS

Learning Access InstituteLearning Access Institute Turnkey Open Source ILSTurnkey Open Source ILS Designed for underserved rural Designed for underserved rural

public and tribal librariespublic and tribal libraries http://www.learningaccess.orghttp://www.learningaccess.org Project continues but not expanding Project continues but not expanding

rapidlyrapidly

LearningAccess ILSLearningAccess ILS

ILS DeploymentsILS Deployments

UnicornUnicorn 17041704

HorizonHorizon 16121612

MillenniumMillennium 12891289

VoyagerVoyager 11831183

Aleph 500Aleph 500 19701970

Library.SolutiLibrary.Solutionon

700700

Koha (Total)Koha (Total) 200-200-300300

Koha Koha (LibLime)(LibLime)

9090

EvergreenEvergreen 272272

OPALSOPALS 58 / 58 / 170 170

Commercial Involvement Commercial Involvement

Companies formed to support Companies formed to support open source library productsopen source library products

The Open Source Business The Open Source Business FrontFront

Index DataIndex Data– Founded 1994; No ILS; A variety of other open source products Founded 1994; No ILS; A variety of other open source products

to support libraries: search engines, federated search, Z39.50 to support libraries: search engines, federated search, Z39.50 toolkit, etctoolkit, etc

LibLimeLibLime– Founded 2005. Provides development and support services for Founded 2005. Provides development and support services for

Koha ILS. Acquired original developers of Koha in Feb 2007.Koha ILS. Acquired original developers of Koha in Feb 2007. Equinox. Equinox.

– Founded Feb 2007; staff formerly associated with GPLS Pines Founded Feb 2007; staff formerly associated with GPLS Pines development teamdevelopment team

Care AffiliatesCare Affiliates– Founded June 2007; headed by industry veteran Carl Grant.Founded June 2007; headed by industry veteran Carl Grant.

MediaFlex. MediaFlex. – Longstanding school library automation company. Latest Longstanding school library automation company. Latest

generation ILS developed in open source modelgeneration ILS developed in open source model

LibLimeLibLime

Small, but growing, private company Small, but growing, private company formed in early 2005formed in early 2005

Devoted to support of Koha and other Devoted to support of Koha and other open source softwareopen source software

Launched by individuals involved with the Launched by individuals involved with the Koha implementation at the Nelsonville Koha implementation at the Nelsonville Public LibraryPublic Library

Acquired the Koha activities of Katipo Acquired the Koha activities of Katipo Communications (Feb 2007)Communications (Feb 2007)

Total of 20 FTE – Hiring industry veterans Total of 20 FTE – Hiring industry veterans exiting from traditional ILS companiesexiting from traditional ILS companies

Equinox SoftwareEquinox Software

Small companySmall company Devoted to facilitating libraries implement Devoted to facilitating libraries implement

Evergreen the open source ILS developed for Evergreen the open source ILS developed for PINESPINES

Launched by individuals related to the Launched by individuals related to the development and implementation of Evergreen development and implementation of Evergreen at the Georgia Public Library Systemat the Georgia Public Library System

Contracts to GPLS and other libraries for the Contracts to GPLS and other libraries for the ongoing development and support of ongoing development and support of EvergreenEvergreen

Care AffiliatesCare Affiliates

Recently formed company to provide Recently formed company to provide support for Open Source library support for Open Source library automation products.automation products.

Carl Grant – Former COO of VTLS, Carl Grant – Former COO of VTLS, President of Ex Libris (USA), President of Ex Libris (USA), Innovative Interfaces, DRA, etc.Innovative Interfaces, DRA, etc.

Other Open Source Other Open Source Development effortsDevelopment efforts

Duke University leading effort to develop Duke University leading effort to develop an open source or community source an open source or community source project to develop a new ILS for higher project to develop a new ILS for higher educationeducation

Sponsoring project to design/build an Sponsoring project to design/build an enterprise level automation system for enterprise level automation system for libraries in higher educationlibraries in higher education

Project currently in the grant Project currently in the grant development phase, with likely start date development phase, with likely start date of Summer 2008of Summer 2008

Open Source IssuesOpen Source Issues

Explosive interest in Open Source driven by Explosive interest in Open Source driven by disillusionment with current vendorsdisillusionment with current vendors

Seen as a solution to:Seen as a solution to:– Allow libraries to have more flexible systemsAllow libraries to have more flexible systems– Lower costsLower costs– Not be vulnerable to disruptions that come with Not be vulnerable to disruptions that come with

mergers and acquisitionsmergers and acquisitions Beginning to emerge as a mainstream optionBeginning to emerge as a mainstream option TOC (Total Cost of Ownership) still roughly TOC (Total Cost of Ownership) still roughly

equal to proprietary commercial modelequal to proprietary commercial model

Cost issuesCost issues Costs shifted from traditional software Costs shifted from traditional software

licensing modelslicensing models– No initial purchase of license or annual license No initial purchase of license or annual license

feesfees Hardware costs (same as traditional)Hardware costs (same as traditional) Vendor support costs (optional)Vendor support costs (optional) Hosting servicesHosting services Conversion servicesConversion services Local technical support (may be higher)Local technical support (may be higher) Development costs – vague models for Development costs – vague models for

next-generation developmentnext-generation development

Risk FactorsRisk Factors

Open Source still a risky AlternativeOpen Source still a risky Alternative– Dependency on community organizations and Dependency on community organizations and

commercial companies that provide commercial companies that provide development an support servicesdevelopment an support services

Commercial/Proprietary options also a riskCommercial/Proprietary options also a risk– Opinions vary, but:Opinions vary, but:

““the traditional ILS market is no longer a haven the traditional ILS market is no longer a haven for the risk adverse.”for the risk adverse.”

(Northern PINES talking points (Northern PINES talking points http://pines.bclibrary.ca/resources/talking-http://pines.bclibrary.ca/resources/talking-points)points)

Open source ILS Open source ILS BenchmarksBenchmarks

Most decisions to adopt Open Source ILS Most decisions to adopt Open Source ILS based on philosophical reasonsbased on philosophical reasons

Open Source ILS will enter the main stream Open Source ILS will enter the main stream once its products begin to win through once its products begin to win through objective procurement processesobjective procurement processes– Hold open source ILS to the same standards as the Hold open source ILS to the same standards as the

commercial productscommercial products– Hold the open source ILS companies to the same Hold the open source ILS companies to the same

standards:standards: Adequate customer support ratios, financial stability, Adequate customer support ratios, financial stability,

service level agreements, etc.service level agreements, etc. Well-document total cost of ownership Well-document total cost of ownership

statements that can be compared to other statements that can be compared to other vendor price quotesvendor price quotes

Measuring Interest in Open Measuring Interest in Open Source ILSSource ILS

Source: Perceptions 2007: an international survey of Library Automation http://www.librarytechnology.org/perceptions2007.pl

Open Source Market shareOpen Source Market share

Open Source ILS implementations still a Open Source ILS implementations still a small percentage of the total picturesmall percentage of the total picture

Initial set of successful implementations Initial set of successful implementations will likely serve as a catalyst to pave the will likely serve as a catalyst to pave the way for othersway for others

Successful implementations in wider range Successful implementations in wider range of libraries:of libraries:– State-wide consortium (Evergreen)State-wide consortium (Evergreen)– Multi-site public library systems (Koha)Multi-site public library systems (Koha)– School district consortia (OPALS)School district consortia (OPALS)

Open Source perspectiveOpen Source perspective Are open source ILS products taking library Are open source ILS products taking library

automation in a new direction, or are they open automation in a new direction, or are they open source versions of what we already have?source versions of what we already have?

Will current slate of companies be able to support Will current slate of companies be able to support increasing numbers of libraries without the same increasing numbers of libraries without the same difficulties as the incumbent ILS vendors?difficulties as the incumbent ILS vendors?

The ILS landscape is forever changed by the open The ILS landscape is forever changed by the open source alternativessource alternatives

Open Source ILS catching up with the Legacy ILS. Open Source ILS catching up with the Legacy ILS. Both moving headstrong into the past.Both moving headstrong into the past.

Urgent need for a new generation of library Urgent need for a new generation of library automation designed for current and future-automation designed for current and future-looking library missions and workflows. looking library missions and workflows.

Questions?Questions?