University of Strathclyde / Department of Architecture / James Weir Building | 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ

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T h e m e i s s u e : AN EXPEDITION INTO ARCHITECTURE and URBANISM of the GLOBAL SOUTH

C l i m a t e A d a p t a t i o n

C o n v i v i a l i t y

G l o b a l i z a t i o n H o u s i n g T y p o l o g y M o r p h o l o g i c a l T r a n s f o r m a t i o n

M e g a P r o j e c t s

P u b l i c S p a c e s S m a r t C i t i e s

S u s t a i n a b i l i t y

U r b a n i s m

Authors In this issue: Abdelmonem, Asilsoy, Bele, Bhattarai-Upadhyay, Conteh, Grierson, Horne, Ibrahim, Khan, Malek, Maturana, Oktay, Pinard, Salama, Selim, Sengupta, Ujang, Wiedmann.

open house internationalVol 41 No.2 2016 ISSN 0168-2601

a C I B e n c o u r a g e d j o u r n a l

T h o m s o n I S I A r t s & H u m a n i t i e s

E B S C O p u b l i s h i n g

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Contents

EDITORIAL: Ashraf M. Salama and David Grierson

TOWARDS SOCIALLY INTEGRATED HOUSING IN CHILE: ASSESSING CONVIVIALITYTHROUGH TWO KEY HOUSING PROJECTS .

Beatriz C. Maturana, Ralph Horne

FROM COMPOUND HOUSES TO VILLAS:THE INCREMENTAL TRANSFORMATION OF DAKAR’S URBAN LANDSCAPE.

Emilie Pinard

MEASURING LIVEABILITY BY EXPLORING URBAN QUALITIES OF KISSY STREET, FREETOWN, SIERRA LEONE.

Fodei M. Conteh, Derya Oktay

WOUNDED SPACES: WHEN PLANNING DEGRADED CAIRO’S URBAN MEMORY.Gehan Selim

THE ABJECT DREAM OF NEO-CAPITAL: CAPITALIST URBANISM, ARCHITECTURE ANDENDANGERED LIVEABILITY OF THE MIDDLE EAST’S MODERN CITIES.

M.Gamal Abdelmonem

MEASURING THE POTENTIAL FOR ECOLOGICAL CITIZENSHIP AMONG RESIDENTS IN FAMAGUSTA, NORTH CYPRUS

Buket Asilsoy, Derya Oktay

THE ROLE OF MEGA PROJECTS IN REDEFINING HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN GULF CITIES.

Florian Wiedmann, Ashraf M. Salama, Hatem G. Ibrahim

A CONTEXTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A BUILDING SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR IRAN.

Shahrzad Malek, David Grierson

TRANSFORMING LIFESTYLES AND EVOLVING HOUSING PATTERNS: A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY.

Smita Khan, Archana Bele

UNSETTLING MODERNITY: SHIFTING VALUES AND CHANGING HOUSING STYLES IN THE KATHMANDU VALLEY.

Vibha Bhattarai-Upadhyay, Urmi Sengupta

AFFECTIVE PERCEPTION OF PLACE: ATTACHMENT TO KUALA LUMPURHISTORICAL URBAN PLACES.

Norsidah Ujang

Open House International has been selected for coverage by EBSCO Publishing, the ELSEVIER Bibliographic DatabaseScopus and all products of THOMSON ISI index bases, SSCI, A&HCI,CC/S&BS and CC/A&H The journal is also list-ed on the following Architectural index lists: RIBA, ARCLIB, AVERY and EKISTICS. Open House International is onlinefor subscribers and gives limited access for non-subscribers at www.openhouse-int.com

NEXT ISSUE: VOL. 41.NO.3 2016: OPEN ISSUE.

Editor: Nicholas WilkinsonEastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Architecture, Gazimagusa, Mersin 10, Turkey. E-mail: nicholaz.wilkinson@emu.edu.tr

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open house in te rna t ional j une 2016 vo l .41 no .2THEME ISSUE : An Expedition into Architecture and Urbanism of the Global South.

Guest Editors: Ashraf M. Salama and David Grierson Department of Architecture, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, United Kingdom. E-Mail: ashraf.salama@strath.ac.uk d.grierson@strath.ac.uk

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An ExpEdition into ArchitEcturEAnd urbAnism of thE GlobAlsouth

the nations of Africa, central and latin America,and most of Asia are collectively known as theGlobal south, which includes practically 157 of atotal of 184 recognized states in the world accord-ing to united nations reports. metaphorically, it canbe argued that most of the efforts in architecturalproduction, city planning, place making, placemanagement, and urban development are takingplace in the Global south and will continue to beso over the next several decades.

While many cities and settlements in theGlobal south have less developed or severely lim-ited resources, others are growing and flourishing.Although they share similarities in terms of social,economic, and environmental challenges, it isincreasingly evident that these challenges offer realopportunities for development and growth. politicalturmoil, social disorder, and economic upheavalare predominant in many of the cities and settle-ments in the Global south. Yet, it is widely acknowl-edged that their societies, emerging markets,transnational practices are viewed as growthprospects which are continuously manifested inmaterial culture, architecture, and urbanism.Within the new world order cities and settlements inthe Global south have experienced dramatic trans-formations that instigated critical questions aboutregenerating and retrofitting cities, internationalconnectivity, international attractiveness, changinghousing dynamics, and the quality of urban life,among other emerging issues resulting from rapidurban development processes.

the preceding milieu calls for the impor-tance of depicting and capturing architectural andplace production of the Global south while por-traying it to the academic and professional com-munity. As part of the activities of the ‘cluster forresearch in Architecture and urbanism of cities inthe Global south (crAucGs) which was estab-lished in 2014 within the department ofArchitecture at the university of strathclyde,Glasgow, this issue of open house internationaladdresses contexts in Africa, south America, southEast Asia, and the mEnA (middle East & northAfrican) region highlighting various developmentalaspects. it includes research contributions on archi-tecture and urbanism as they relate to housing envi-ronments comprising socially integrated housing(chile), housing typological transformations(senegal), mega projects and housing develop-ment (the Gulf region), transformations in housingpatterns (india), and the changing housing styles inKathmandu Valley (nepal). urban qualities, livabil-

ity and capitalist urbanism are addressed in thecontext of freetown in sierra leone, Kuala lumpurin maaysia, and several middle Eastern cities. therole of planning in maintaining or degrading urbanmemory is addressed in the context of cairo(Egypt). other important contributions include vari-ous aspects of sustainability at the building scale(iran) and at the level of user attitudes (northerncyprus).

beatriz maturana and ralph horne exam-ine the issue of social integration as part of the con-temporary urban policy in chile by analysing twosocially integrated housing developments. by intro-ducing the notion of conviviality their work raisescritical questions for the implementation of nation-al policy objectives to combat the segregation ofcities. in the context of dakar, senegal, Emiliepinard examines the transformation of the housingtypology in informal neighbourhoods on theperiphery of the city. by documenting the spatiallogics and factors guiding the construction of newmulti-storey houses, which are significantly trans-forming the landscape of the city, her work offersimplications for housing policies and programmes.

the work of fodei m. conteh and deryaoktay presents an attempt at measuring liveabilityof a vibrant but overcrowded street in freetown,sierra leone, and how its everyday environmentworks. Employing a mixed-method strategy thatinvolves observations and interviews their workreveals that an overcrowded street space has anegative effect on the liveability and quality ofurban life. in the context of the urban evolution ofcairo, Egypt, Gehan selim offers a critical argu-ment on how unresponsive planning practicesadopted by municipalities and governments createwounds and scars in the public realm and therebynegatively influencing the memory of a city. on adifferent level of investigation buket Asilsoy andderya oktay examine ecological citizenship in thecontext of famagusta, northern cyprus by con-ducting an attitude survey of residents. the out-comes offer insights toward understanding the levelof residents’ environmental worldview that maycontribute to the shaping of policies relevant to sus-tainable planning and design. the context of themiddle East is examined in three papers selected todemonstrate different scales and disciplinary per-spectives. At a geographical scale the work of m.Gamal Abdelmonem questions globalization, cap-italism, neoliberal ideology and the resulting urbanvisions and policies manifested both in narrativesand the physical environment of new centres anddistricts in cairo, beirut and emerging cities in theGulf region. Abdelmonem’s work concludes byarguing that the lack of the necessary hierarchy ofsocio-spatial systems of these cities present irrevo-

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soncable urban problems. At a regional scale within

the Gulf region, Wiedmann, salama, and ibrahimexamines the emerging housing typologies andtheir role in redefining urban development process-es. utilising cases from the Jumeirah district indubai and based on official planning documentsand preliminary field observation their work identi-fies housing development tendencies and highlightkey urban planning implications. malek andGrierson address the absence of a national frame-work with respect to sustainable development iniran. taking into account the contextual particulari-ties of the context and building on relevant toolsdeveloped in other contexts malek and Griersonoffer a framework that will inform the developmentof a context-based tool while integrating iran’s cur-rent climate change adaptation policies and priori-ties.

the Asian perspective is represented, inpart, in three papers. discussing the transformationin lifestyles, the work of smita Khan and Archanabele is based in nagpur. it adopts a qualitativeapproach that encompasses examining morpho-logical maps, non-participatory observation, andphoto documentation. their work presents a com-parative analysis of three residential neighbour-hoods and concludes with an argument that advo-cates people centricity as an imperative for sustain-ability. Examining the changing housing styles in theKathmandu Valley – nepal, Vibha bhattarai-upadhyay and urmi sengupta engage in a discus-sion that cuts across space, time, and meaning ofarchitecture in order to deconstruct and juxtaposetradition and modernity as represented in cultureand built form. based on qualitative inquiry thework of norsidah ujang delves into examining therelationship between urbanities and historicalurban places in the context of Kuala lumpur,malaysia. offering key insights ujang discusses theway in which such places shape the perception,emotion, and memory of the urbanites, and con-cludes by identifying challenges relevant to inte-grating the preservation of place identity into thecomplexity of the physical environment and theurban life.

it is clearly evident that the discourse andresearch findings on architecture and urbanism inthe Global south that are discussed in this issue ofopen house international, have gone beyond por-traying this part of the world within either post-colo-nial urban struggle or slum challenges. in essence,the Global south offers a rich soil for debating andresearching challenging and pressing issues thatpresent themselves as timely topics on the mapacademic and professional interests and as impor-tant material for further inquiry and examination.the 11 contributions by 19 scholars manifest the

diverse and challenging issues facing buildings, set-tlements, and cities of the Global south while con-ceiving potential solutions for addressing thosechallenges.

Acknowledgement

As guest editors of this special issue, we would liketo acknowledge the resources and support offeredby the department of Architecture at the universityof strathclyde toward developing this volume.thanks are due to the reviewers and contributorsfor their valuable work throughout the peer reviewprocess.

Guest Edi tors

Ashraf m. salama and david Griersondepartment of Architectureuniversity of strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1xJ, uKEmails: ashraf.salama@strath.ac.uk d.grierson@strath.ac.uk