open-file report 261: geochemical evaluation of the cites ... · project no. rrus/823/t1231/2...

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New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources Open File Report No. OF-261 NO. 1 RIDLEY A WELL, ROOSEVELT COUNTY, NEW MEXICO GEOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE CITIES SERVICE q-2 s- 33E By James E. Keal, Jr. Robertson Research, Inc. Houston, Texas March 28, 1983

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Page 1: Open-file Report 261: Geochemical evaluation of the Cites ... · PROJECT NO. RRUS/823/T1231/2 Prepared by: Robertson Research (U. S. 1 Inc. 16730 Hedgecroft, Suite 306 Houston, Texas

New Mexico B u r e a u of Mines and Mineral R e s o u r c e s O p e n F i l e R e p o r t No. OF-261

NO. 1 RIDLEY A WELL, ROOSEVELT COUNTY, NEW MEXICO GEOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE CITIES SERVICE

q - 2 s- 3 3 E

By James E . K e a l , Jr. R o b e r t s o n R e s e a r c h , Inc.

H o u s t o n , T e x a s

March 28, 1983

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ROBERTSON RESEARCH (U. S.) INC.

REPORT NO. 8231231

GEOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE CITIES SERVICE 81 RIDLEY "A"

WELL, ROOSEVELT COUNTY, NEW MEXICO

by J. E. Kea1

PROJECT NO. RRUS/823/T1231/2

P r e p a r e d by: R o b e r t s o n R e s e a r c h (U. S. 1 Inc. 16730 Hedgec ro f t , Su i t e 306 Houston, Texas 77060-3697

P r e p a r e d f o r : C i t i e s S e r v i c e G m p a n y Box 1919 Midland, T e x a s 79702

March 28, 1983

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INTRODUCTION

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE NO.

Figures 1. Organic Carbon and Visual Kerogen Plots

3. Kerogen Type from Pyrolysis Data 4. Vitrinite Reflectance Maturation Profile 5. Zones of Oil and Gas Generation

2'. Rock-Eval Ppolysis Plots

Appendices I. Organic Carbon Data 11. Rock-Eval Pyrolysis 111. Reflected Light Microscopy Data IV. Transmitted Light Microscopy Data

1

9 11 13 20

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INTRODUCTION

Cutting samples from the Cities Service #1, Ridley "A" test well, Roosevelt County, New Mexico were received and analyzed by Rot,nrtson Research (U.S.) Inc. in order to determine the source rock potential of the section penetrated. Most of the section penetrated by tke well consisted of red beds and organic lean intervals, thereby makin? most intervals' unsuitable for detailed geochemical analyses.

Preliminary data results were phoned to Cities Service Midlard, on March 2, 1983.

DISCUSSION

Organic Richness

Thirty-three samples were analyzed for organic richness betweer 1,750 and 7,425 feet. All of these samples contained very low organic carbon richness (t0.5 weight percent) and are therefore rated as norsource rocks (Figure 1).

Organic Matter Type

Four samples analyzed by visual examination of the kerogen indicate that large amounts of amorphous kerogen plus exinite exist in relation to other maceral types (Figure 1). Often, high concentrations of these kerogen types are associated with oil-generating capability; hcwever, the concentration of amorphous kerogen plus exinite is not a direct measurement of the amount of hydrogen that is present which actually

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determines the oil-generating capability. These samples are fomd at 2 , 9 5 0 ; 3 , 9 5 0 ; 5 , 0 8 5 ; and 6 , 5 1 5 feet. All of the other samples aralyzed visually contain terrestrial, dry gas-generating kerogen.

Kerogen typing by pyrolysis (Figure 3) suggests that the kercgen in most of the samples is hydrogen deficient and is predominant1:r gas- generating. The sample at 3 , 9 5 0 feet contains wet gas-generating kero- gen.

Kerogen Maturity

Kerogen maturity can be determined by vitrinite reflectance (Ro) spore coloration index (SCI) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis (T-max). Zones of petroleum generation and destruction can be correlated using these three methods (Figure 5 ) .

T-max is usually a reliable method for determining maturity in samples that contain reasonable amounts of organic matter. Because theFe sam- ples are organic lean, the S2 peaks, from which the T-max is mea- sured (Appendix II) , are of low amplitude making an accurate determina- tion of T-max difficult.

Vitrinite reflectance (R,) is the most accurate method for determin- ing kerogen maturity and generally can be used when very little organic material is present in the samples. The generation zones shown in Fig- ure 1 are established from the vitrinite reflectance profile shown in

Figure 4. Data indicate that the section reaches the oil-gex?eration window at approximately 3 , 0 0 0 feet and the dry gas preservation limit occurs at approximately 10,000 feet. Projection of the maturation pro- file to the surface shows that approximately 1 ,600 feet of overburden has been removed; however, this figure could be altered if more reflectance data were avdable from the upper part of section.

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The SCI data at 6 .515 and 6,935 feet agree well with the e.trinite data, but the shallower samples are more mature than would be expected when compared to the maturation trend established by vitrinite reflec- tance. These shallow samples probably contain oxidized and/or reworked organic material. This seems reasonable considering the amount of red bed intervals found in the section.

CONCLUSIONS

Cuttings samples from the Cities Service, #1 Ridley well are very lean in organic material and classified as nonsource rocks. Most of the organic material that is present is the terrestrial, gas-generating type. The depth range from the commencement of oil generation to the dry gas preservation limit is between 3,000 and 10,000 feet.

No potential for hydrocarbon generation exists in any part of the sec- tion analyzed; however, lateral facies changes may contain potential

source beds.

RECOMMENDATIONS

We recommend that geochemical follow up studies be done on lateral wells and/or wells that penetrate a deeper par t of the section in order to identify potential source beds that may exist.

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P1 RIDLEY ' A '

D E P f

I H

0-

1-

1- 2-

3- -

4"

5- -

6-

1-

7-1

0- -

9-

""

lates

SNDR

_.

GLRT

CLFK

Tubb

Abo

UFMP _.

csco IIL/DN - PRECAH ""

T.D.

T Y P E ] I H A T U R I T Y 1 1 SOURCE RICHNESS I

-i$:S 1 % MINITE C E N C E INTENSITY

BENERATION ( % ORBANIC CARBON)

0.5 1.0

I I I I

1 1 1 1

.. .. ..

FIGURE I : SUMMARY PLOTS SHOUING KEROGEN TYPES, MATURITY, AND SOURCE RICHNESS (SEE APPENDICES I AND I I I)

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I I

N

..

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# I RIDLEY “ A ”

i 800 -

Y D R

; 600 - E N

N D E X

I

200

0 0

Y R D 1080 ;::::t 1I.OlL b 0 5

E N

N D E X

400 - 0

200 .

o o 0 a 0 0

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 288 OXYGEN INDEX

25 50 75 100 125 150 175 288 OXYGEN INDEX

FIGURE 3, KEROGEN TYPE DETERnINATION FROR ROCK-EVAL PYROLYSIS DATA (APPENDIX 1 1 1 .

d l RIDLEY “ A “

3 Y

aOO t I 3 Y

R D

i

N

a00

l1,OlL L C S

600

400 3 E X

0 0

0

0 50 I00 158 200 250 300 350 400 OXYGEN INDEX

FIGURE 3, KEROGEN TYPE DETERRINATION FROn ROCK-EVAL PYROLYSIS DATA (APPENDIX 1 1 1 .

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# I RIDLEY ' A '

~ A T U R A T I O N P R O F I L E D E N E R A T I O N Z O N E S

'IL f:: 1 8558 f t BIS 2.E - 8857 f l US I3.2 - IF33? ft 3888 f t yn 8.8 - 4ZW PI DRI 1.8 - SI46 ft

Z R A N D O H R E F L E C T A N C E n.4 E.8 E.8 I 2 3 4

I I I I I , , I , , I I , , I , , , , , , , , , L.d I

FIGURE 4 : MATURATION PROFILE, BASU) ON VITRINITE REFLECTANCE DATA (APPENDIX 111 1

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ZONES OF PETROLEUM L GENERATION AND DESTRUCTION I 1 ORGANIC MATTER TVPE

AMORPHOUS (OIL) MIXED COALY (GAS) LIPl INI l IC H U M I C

FIGURE 5: CORRELATION OF VARIOUS M T U R A T I O N I N D I C E S AND ZONES OF PETROLEUM GENERATION AND DESTRUCTION.

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APPENDIX I

TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON DATA

Total organic carbon is determined by pulverizing the sample, treating a carefully weighed portion with w a r m hydrochloric acid to remove car- bonate minerals, and analysing the residue for carbon content with a Leco carbon analyser. It is generally accepted that samples with less than about 0.5 percent TOC cannot yield sufficient petroleum to form commercial deposits and are therefore considered nonsources; sanples with between 0.5 and 1.0 TOC are rated as marginal in source qudity; and sanples with more than 1.0 TOC are considered to be good in s3urce quality.

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DEPTH (Feet )

1 7 5 0 2 0 5 0 2 2 5 0 2 4 6 5 2 6 5 0

2 9 5 0 3 2 5 0 3 4 5 0 3 7 5 0 3 9 5 0

4 2 5 0 4 3 2 0 4 5 5 0 4 8 5 0 5 0 8 5

.. . .

5 3 5 0 s 5 5 0

TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON

# 1 RIDLEY "A"

T O C ( % )

0 . 1 4 0 . 1 6

0 . 0 7 0 . 0 9

0 . 0 9

0 . 1 3 0 . 0 9 0 . 3 3 0 . 1 2 0 . 3 2

0 . 0 6 0 . 0 7 0 . 0 8 0 . 0 7 0 . 1 1

0 . 0 0 0 . 0 9

DATA

DEPTH ( F e e t )

5 8 5 0 6 0 5 0 6 2 5 6 6 3 1 5 6 3 6 5

6 4 3 5 6 5 1 5 6 6 2 5

6 8 4 5 6 7 1 5

6 9 3 5 7 0 0 5 7 0 9 5 7 1 9 5 7 2 9 5

7 4 2 5

TOC ( % )

0 . 2 3 0 . 2 1 0 . 2 1 0 . 2 2 0 . 1 2

0 . 2 6 0 . 2 6 0 . 1 6 0 . 1 5 0 . 1 3

0 . 4 0 0 . 1 6 0 . 1 2 0 . 1 2 0 . 2 4

0 . 1 4

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APPENDIX I1

ROCK-EVAL PYROLYSIS DATA

R lock-Eval data are expressed as mg/g of rock and include four basic parameters: 1) SI represents the quantity of free hydrocarbcns pre- sent in the rock and is roughly analogous to the solvent extractable portion of the organic matter; 2) S2 represents the quantity of hy- drocarbons released b y the kerogen in the sample during pyro1:rsis; 3) S3 is re la td to the amount of oxygen present in the kerogen; and 4 ) T-max is the temperature at which the maximum rate of generntion (of the S2 peak) occurs and can be used as an estimate of thermal matu- rity.

In addition, ?he ratio S 2 / S 3 provides a general indication cf kero- gen quality (type) and reveals whether oil or gas is likely to be generated. The ratio S1/(S1+S2), or the productivity inlex, is an indication of the relative amount of free hydrocarbons (in place or migrated) present in the sample. Hydrogen and oxygen index values are expressed as mg of hydrocarbons (S2 peak) or carbon. dioxide (S3

van Krevelen-type diagram, information on kerogen type and matcrity can peak) per gram of organic carbon. When piotted against each ot’ler on a

be obtained.

Key for data Interpreiatlon:

Source Potentlal - values of S2 Q.5 : poor 2.5-5.0 : marginal

>5 .O <2.5

: good : dry gas

2.5-5.0 : wet gas >5.0 : oi l

435-470 : 0 1 I 4% + : gas

Petroleum Type - values o f 52/53

Generatlon Zones - values o f T-max ( O C ) <435 : lmnature

Prcductlvlty Index - nlgn values of Sl/(Sl+SZ) indlcate migrated hydrocerbons.

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ROCK-EVAL PYROLYSIS RAW DATA

# 1 RIDLEY "A"

DEPTH (FEET) 51 52 5 3 5 2 / 5 3 5 1 / ( 5 1 + S 2 ) T-MAX

2050 2 9 5 0

0 . 0 3 7 0 . 0 4 1

0 . 0 2 7 0 . 1 9 7 0 . 1 3 9 0 . 5 7 1 - 0 . 1 2 0

3 9 5 0 0 . 0 8 3 1 . 2 8 4 0 . 2 7 3 0 . 3 0 6

0 . 4 4 0 0 , 2 5 5 4 3 2

5 0 8 5 0 . 1 6 1 4 . 1 9 3

0 . 0 5 9 0 . 0 6 1

0 . 2 9 5 4 1 4

5 8 5 0 0 . 0 3 5 0 . 1 0 0 0 . 4 0 5 0 . 1 9 8 0 . 2 4 7

0 . 7 3 4 0 . 2 5 8

4 3 3 4 2 5

6 3 1 5 0 . 0 2 9 0 . 0 5 9 0 . 3 2 7 0 . 1 7 9 0 . 3 3 4 4 2 9 6 5 1 5 0 . 0 3 4 0 . 0 8 8 0 . 2 0 8 0 . 4 2 1 0 . 2 7 9 4 3 8 6 9 3 5 0 . 0 3 2 0 . 0 7 2 7 2 9 5 0 . 0 2 3 0 . 2 2 5 0 . 0 8 3

0 . 3 6 2 0 , 0 1 9

0 . 1 9 9 0 . 3 0 7 0 . 5 5 2

4 3 2 4 3 0

HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN INDICES FROM ROCK-EVAL PYROLYSIS DATA, WITH TOC DATA

# l RJDLEY "A"

DEPTH HYDROGEN INDEX OXYGEN INDEX TOC (FEET) (mg nclg TOC) (mg C02lg TOC) ( % I

2 0 5 0

3 9 5 0 2 9 5 0

5 0 8 5 5 8 5 0

6 3 1 5 6 5 1 5 6 9 3 5 7 2 9 s

1 7

4 0 1 9 2

4 3 5 3

3 4 2 7

1 8 8

1 2 3 0 . 1 6 2 1 0

9 6 0 . 3 2 0 . 1 3

2 6 8 1 7 6 0 . 2 3

0 . 1 1

1 4 9 8 0 9 1

0 . 2 2 0.26 0 . 4 0

9 4 0 . 2 4

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APPENDIX 111

REFLECTED LIGHT MICROSCOPY DATA

A sample of ground rock is treated successively with hydrochlori-, and hydrofluoric acids to concentrate the kerogen, freeze-dried, mcunted in an epoxy plug, and polished. Kerogen type is identified with the aid of blue light fluorescence.

The visual kerogen analysis data table contains visual percentage esti- mates of each principle kerogen type and kerogen background fluorescence data. This data is also displayed on the histograms with relative amounts of solid bitumen and coked material.

The histograms show measured reflectance values of all vilrinite present and on all material with the visual appearance of vitrinite. Shaded values (marked with *) are those used to calculate the inter- preted vitrinite reflectance maturities. Unshaded values are inter- preted to be oxidized vitrinite, recycled vitrinite, o r possibly mis- identified material such as solid bitumen, pseudo-vitrinite, o r senifus- inite. When samples analysed contain no vitrinite, nonindigenous vitrinite or have an insufficient number of readings to allow a r?liable maturity determination to be made, then the mean value for that sample is shown as N. D. (Not Determined). Alternate maturity calculatioxs are possible on a few samples. The histograms are identified by a Rob?rtson Research sequence number (RRUS No.) and depth o r other notaticn.

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN VISUAL KEROGEN .4NXLYSIS DATA SHEET .LUD HISTOGRAXS

Am : Amorphous Kerogen Ex : Exinite Vit : Vitrinite Inert : Inertinite

Bkg Fl : Background Fluorescence R, : Vitrinite Reflectance Mean in Immersion O i l

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VISUAL KEROGEN ANALYSIS - REFLECTED LIGHT # 1 RIDLEY " A "

Project No. : RRUSI823ITI231102 ~~~ ~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~

SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION REFLECT. KEROGEN CHARACTERISTICS TO C

RRUS DEPTH (Feet) R o % Am% Ex% VIt% Inert% FIuor %

2 6 1 0 1 5 1 8

2 4 2 1

~~ . 2 8 3 2

2 0 5 0 2 9 5 0 3 9 5 0 ~~ ~.

5 8 5 0 5 0 8 5

6 5 1 5 6 3 1 5

7 2 9 5 6 9 3 5

1 . 2 3 0 0 4 0 6 0 0 . 0 0 80 20 0 t r

V Hi 0 . 1 6 High 0 . 1 3

0 . 0 0 9 9 0 . 0 0 9 9

t r t r

0 0 0 t r

High 0. 3 2 V Hi

0.00 " "

0 . 1 1 --" 0 . 2 3 " "

0 . 6 4 1 . 3 2 30 4 0 1 2 5 Ned 0 . 2 2

6 0 5

3 0 1 . 5 5

5 5 2 0

Ked 0 . 2 6 5 6 0

1 . 6 6 30 t r 1 5 L O W 0.40

3 5 35 LOW . 0 . 2 4

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E l RIDLEY "A"

RRUS NO. : 2

DEPTH I 2050.0 Ft t 624.8 ti

MEAN a N.D. REWORKED ?

HISTOCRAR: Range: 0- 4%

Increment, 0.10% 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 VITRINITE REFLECTANCE IRANDOR X 1

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES: 0.92

25 1 N

R 15

KEROGEN DESCRIPTION Amorphous I

Exinite 0 %

Virrlnlte I 40 X 0 %

Inertlnl te I 60 X

Each Fluor 8 V High 81 lumen Co he

I None I None

8 1 RIDLEY "A"

RRUS NO. I 6

DEPTH I 2950.0 Ft I 899.2 n

MEAN I N.D.

I 0 j , , , / , , , , / , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ( , , , , 1

I 4 5 S HISTOGRAPII G

0 ' Range, 0- 4% Increment, 0.10% a'. 0 I .0 2 . a 3.0 4.0

VITRINITE RE.=LECTANCE (RANDOPI % I

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES: KEROGEN DESCRIPTIOI' Amorphous I 80 % Erlnite I 20 % Viirlnlre I 0 % Inert inlte I 1r X

Each Fluor I Hlgn E I lumen j None Co he l lr

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25 7 E l RIDLEY " A "

RRUS NO, : I 0

E

0 15f

E ' 0 1

R ! 20:

N f 5;

F

A

C S HISTOCRAPTt

0' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rangel 0- 4%

Increment) 0.i8X 0.0 I .0 2.0 3.0 4 . 0 VITRINITE REFLECTANCE (RANDOPI X 1

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES:

E l RIDLEY "A"

15

DEPTH I 3950.0 FI I 1204.0 ll

nEAN I N.D.

fiE2OGEN DESCRIPTION

Exini te Amorphous I 89 X

: ~r X Vitrlnire I

Inertinlre I 0 % 0 %

Back Fluor I Hlgr Cone 8 I rumen

I None I HlgF

RRUS NO. I 15

DEPTH I 1548.9 PI I 5085.8 F?

MEAN I N.D.

2 1 5 l [1 HISTOGRAPI:

0 , . . , . , I . . , , , . . / . , , . . . , . . . , , I , , , . Range, 0- 4 1 Incremenr : 0.i0::

0: 0 1'0 2.0 3.0 T. 0 VITilINITE REFLECTANCE (RANDOPI 11

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES! KEROGEN DESCRIPTIOI' Amorphous I 99 X Exinire I lr X Virrlnlle I 0 % Inert inite I tr X

Buck Fluor 8 V High E i lumen I ned Coke I Non?

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F

NO SARPLE AFTER ACID

! , , , , , , , , , / , , , , , , , , , , , , / , , , , , , , , , ,

2 S

0 0 . 0 I . a 2 . a 3 . 0 6 . 0

VITRINITE REFLECTANCE IRANDOPI % I

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES:

RRUS No. I 18

DEPTH 2 5850.0 Ff t 1783.1 PI

FIEAN I N . D .

HISTOGRAM, Range! 0- 4%

Increment, 0.10%

KEROGEN DESCRIPTIOb

Exinite Amorphous I ? 2 2

: ? 2 % Vitrinlfe I ? 2 X Inerrlnife I 7 2 X

Back Fluor : ?fled B i lumen Coke

I ?Small I ?Small .

RRUS NO. I 21

DEPTH I 6315.0 Ff I 1924.8 fl

X = Ro RATURITY

VALUES I 13

PIEAN 1.32

flEDIAN I

S T 3 DEV : a . I E 1.33

PIODE I .3E

HISTOCRAPI: Range, 0- 4?;

Incremenr: 0.105 . a.O 2 . a 3 . 0 4 . a VITRINITE REFLECTANCE IRANDOPI X 1

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES; 0 . 4 9 X1.38

X 1 .06 XI .38 X I . I 4 T I .57 1 1 . 1 7 X I .59 X 1 . 2 1 1 .62 T l .30 X 1 . 30 *I .33 X I .34

KEROGEN DESCRIPTIOI Amorphous , 30 X Exinire 5 % Vitrinite > ? 40 X Inertlnlte I 25 X

Back Fluor I nea 8i lumen Coke

I nea I tr

T 1 . 3 5

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nl RIDLEY "A" 25 -

I !

20

; l 5

CAVING ?

RRUS NO. t 24

DEPTH 8 6515.0 Ft I 1985.8 M

MEAN I N.D

! s HISTOGRAM) 0 Increment, 0.10% Range, 0- 4% 0.0 1.0 2.a 3.0 4.0

VITRINITE REFLECTANCE (RANDCn X1 ,

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES, 0.54 0.75

n l RIDLEY " A " '

25 -

0 F

15

O.a 1.0 3'. a ' 4'0 VITRINITE REFLECTANCE LRANDOn %!

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES: 0.52 X1.45 71.59 T I . 8 7

71.31 XI.47 Xl.63 2.24 X 1 . 3 1 71.48 T I .64 X1.38 X I . 4 9 Xl.65 x1.40 Xl.50 Xl.67 31.41 7 1 . 5 4 Xl.69 Xl.42 Xl.55 Xl.75 11.43 X I .58 Xl.78 x1.43 Xl.58 71.79

0.81 T I .47 ~ 1 . 6 0 2.a5

KEROGEN DESCRIPTION Amorpnous I 60 X Exinire 4 30 X Vitrinlre j 5 % Inertinlte I 5 X

Back Fluor I ned B 1 rumen Co he

I nee I None

RRUS NO. t 28

DEPTH : 6935.0 Ft I 2113.8 n

X = RO MATURITY

f l VALUES I 26

MEAN STD DEV :

1.5E

PlEDIAN I

0. 14

nODE I .54 1.45

HISTOGRAPI: Range, 0- 4%

Increment, 0.102

KEROGEN DESCRIPTIOV

Exinire Amorpnous I 20 X

5 % Virrinite I 60 X Inert inite I 15 X

Back Fluor I Low 8 i lumen to he

I Small a None

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I

5 !

0 0 . 0 1 . 0 210 3 . a

, . , , , . , . . , . . , ? , , 8 " . , . . . , , , . , . ~ . . , . . . . , 4 . 0

VITRINITE REFLECTANCE IRANDOPI % I

ORDERED REFLECTANCE VALUES, * I . 43 X I .64 71 .66 TI .67 * I . 88

RRUS NO. I 32

DEPTH I 2223.5 i-l I 7285.8 Ff

T = RO MATURITY

f l VALUES : 5

MEAN STD DEV : MEDIAN I

NODE

HISTOGRAM,

Increment: Range I

0. 14 I .66 I .65

0- 4 1 a . I 0::

KEROGEN DESCRIPTIOil Amorpnous I 30 X Exinlfe I rr X Vitrlnlfe I 35 X Inertlnite I 35 X

Back Fluor I LOW B i lumen Coke

I N o w I fr

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APPENDIX IV

TRANSMITTED LIGHT MICROSCOPY DATA

Transmitted light slides are prepared with standard palynological tech- niques and SCI values on all spores and pollen present are recorded on B 1-10 scale. The basis for the SCI color scale is hue, not intnsi ty . A brief description of the colors for each of the ten SCI units is as follows:

SCI COLOR SCALE

1. straw to pale yellow 6. reddish brown/chocolatc 2. yellow 7. neutral brown 3. yellow/orange 8. blackish brown 4. golden 9. black 5. amber 10. glossy black/graphitized

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CITIES #1 RIDLEY

TRANSMITTED LIGHT VISUAL KEROGEN ANALYSIS

RRUS NO. DEPTH SCI RANGE

6 2 , 9 5 0 5-6

10 3 , 9 5 0 5-7 24 6 , 5 1 5 5-7

28 6 , 9 3 5 5-6

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