online shopping1

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Introduction

The ONLINE SHOPPING Web site is the application that provides customers with online

shopping Through a Web browser! a customer can browse the catalog! place items to purchase

into a virtual shopping cart! create and sign in to a user account! and purchase the shopping cart

contents b" placing an order with a credit card

Each ONLINE SHOPPING module has di##erent re$uirements #rom the others This section

describes the re$uirements! design! and implementation o# each module

%ontrol module&the control module dispatches re$uests to business logic! controls screen #low!

coordinates component interactions! and activates user sign on and registration

Shopping cart module&the shopping cart trac's the items a user has selected #or purchase

Sign on module&the sign on module re$uires a user to sign on be#ore accessing certain screens!

and manages the sign on process

(essaging module&the messaging module as"nchronousl" transmits purchase orders #rom the

pet store to the OP%

%atalog module&the catalog module provides a page)based view o# the catalog based on user

search criteria

%ustomer module&the customer module represents customer in#ormation* addresses! credit

cards! contact in#ormation! and so on

1.1 Control Module Requirements

The control module #orms the #ramewor' underl"ing the application! so it naturall" has the most

high)level re$uirements E+tensibilit" and maintainabilit" are prime considerations in this

module The control module must be e+tensible because all real)world enterprise applications

change constantl" ,ecause the control module pla"s a role in virtuall" ever" interaction! its code

must be well)structured to avoid comple+it")related maintenance problems


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.Net Fr*me+or -.

The (icroso#t NET -ramewor' version 34 e+tends the NET -ramewor' version ;; with new

#eatures! improvements to e+isting #eatures! and enhancements to the documentation This

section provides in#ormation about some 'e" additions and modi#ications

-or more in#ormation about compatibilit" and #or a list o# the public 0PI modi#ications to the

class librar" that might a##ect the compatibilit" o# "our application

Access Control List Su//ort

0n access control list 10%L5 is used to grant or revo'e permission to access a resource on a

computer New classes have been added to the NET -ramewor' that allow managed code to

create and modi#" an 0%L New members that use an 0%L have been added to the IAO! registr"!

and threading classes

A$O.N"T

New #eatures in 0/ONET include support #or user)de#ined t"pes 1B/T5! as"nchronous

database operations! @(L data t"pes! large value t"pes! snapshot isolation! and new attributes

that allow applications to support multiple active result sets 1(0.S5 with S7L Server 944: -or

more in#ormation about these and other new 0/ONET #eatures! see WhatCs New in 0/ONET

ASP.N"T

The (icroso#t NET -ramewor' 34 includes signi#icant enhancements to all areas o# 0SPNET

-or Web page development! new controls ma'e it easier to add commonl" used #unctionalit" to

d"namic Web pages New data controls ma'e it possible to displa" and edit data on an 0SPNET

Web page without writing code 0n improved code)behind model ma'es developing 0SPNET

pages easier and more robust %aching #eatures provide several new wa"s to cache pages!

including the abilit" to build cache dependenc" on tables in a S7L Server database


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The #ollowing sections describe the main components and #eatures o# the NET -ramewor' in

greater detail

Fe*tures o0 te Common L*nu*e Runtime

The common language runtime manages memor"! thread e+ecution! code e+ecution! code sa#et"

veri#ication! compilation! and other s"stem services These #eatures are intrinsic to the managed

code that runs on the common language runtime


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F"ASI#ILIT3 ST!$3

0 #easibilit" stud" is conducted to select the best s"stem that meets per#ormance

re$uirement This entails an identi#ication description! an evaluation o# candidate s"stem and the

selection o# best s"stem #or he Dob The s"stem re$uired per#ormance is de#ined b" a statement o#

constraints! the identi#ication o# speci#ic s"stem obDective and a description o# outputs

The 'e" consideration in #easibilit" anal"sis are *

;. "conomic Fe*si4ilit5 %

2. Tecnic*l Fe*si4ilit5 %

. O/er*tion*l Fe*si4ilit5%

"conomic*l 0e*si4ilit5

It loo's at the #inancial aspects o# the proDect It determines whether the

management has enough resources and budget to invest in the proposed s"stem and the estimated

time #or the recover" o# cost incurred It also determines whether it is worth while to invest the

mone" in the proposed proDect Economic #easibilit" is determines b" the means o# cost bene#it

anal"sisThe proposed s"stem is economicall" #easible because the cost involved in purchasing

the hardware and the so#tware are within approachable The personal cost li'e salaries o#emplo"ees hired are also nominal! because wor'ing in this s"stem need not re$uired a highl"

$uali#ied pro#essional The operating)environment costs are marginal The less time involved

also helped in its economical #easibilit" It was observed that the organiation has alread" using

computers #or other purpose! so that there is no additional cost to be incurred #or adding this

s"stem to its computers

The bac'end re$uired #or storing other details is also the same database that is S$l The

computers in the organiation are highl" sophisticated and donFt needs e+tra components to load

the so#tware Hence the organiation can implement the new s"stem without an" additional

e+penditure Hence! it is economicall" #easible


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The result o# the #easibilit" stud" is a #ormal proposal This is simpl" report)a #ormal document

detailing the nature and the scope o# the proposed solution The proposals summarie what is

'nown and what is going to be done Three 'e" considerations are involved in the #easibilit"

anal"sis* economic! technical and operational behavior

2..1 "conomic Fe*si4ilit5% Economic anal"sis is the most #re$uentl" used method #or

evaluating the e##ectiveness o# a candidate s"stem (ore determine the bene#its and the saving

that are e+pressed #rom a candidate s"stem and compare them costs I# bene#its outweigh costs

Otherwise! #urther Dusti#ication or alterations in the proposed s"stem will have to be made i# it is

to have a chance o# being approved This is an ongoing e##ort that improves in accurac" at each

phase o# the s"stem li#e c"cle

2..2 Tecnic*l Fe*si4ilit5%Technical #easibilit" center around the e+isting computer s"stem

hardware etc and to what e+tent it can support the proposed addition -or e+ample! i# the current

computer is operating at :4 capacit" ) an arbitrar" ceiling then running another application

could over load the s"stem or re$uire additional hardware This involves #inancial consideration

to accommodate technical enhancements I# the budget is a serious constraint then the proDect is

Dudged not #easible

2.. O/er*tion*l Fe*si4ilit5% It is common 'nowledge that computer installations have some

thing to do with turnover! trans#ers! retraining and changes in emplo"ee Dob status There#ore! it

is understandable that the introduction o# a candidate s"stem re$uites special e##orts to educate!

sell! and train the sta## on new wa"s o# conducting business

Tecnic*l Fe*si4ilit5

It is a measure o# the practicall" o# a speci#ic technical solution and the availabilit" o#

technical resources and e+pertise

The proposed s"stem uses ava as #ront)end and S$l server 944< as bac')end tool

Oracle is a popular tool used to design and develop database obDects such as table

views! inde+es

The above tools are readil" available! eas" to wor' with and widel" used #or

developing commercial application


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Hardware used in this proDect are) p3 processor 93GH! ;9: (, .0(! 34 G,

hard dis'! #lopp" drive These hardware were alread" available on the e+isting computer

s"stem The so#tware li'e S$l Server 944

model

It will help in the time saving and #ast processing and dispersal o# user

re$uest and applications

New product will provide all the bene#its o# present s"stem with better

per#ormance

Improved in#ormation! better management and collection o# the reports

Bser support

Bser involvement in the building o# present s"stem is sought to 'eep in

mind the user speci#ic re$uirement and needs

Bser will have control over there own in#ormation Important in#ormation

such as pa")slip can be generated at the clic' o# a button

-aster and s"stematic processing o# user application approval! allocation

o# I/s! pa"ments! etc used had greater chances o# error due to wrong in#ormation

entered b" mista'e

#e*6ior*l Fe*si4ilit5


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People are inherent to change In this t"pe o# #easibilit" chec'! we come to 'now i# the

newl" developed s"stem will be ta'en and accepted b" the wor'ing #orce ie the people who will

use it

S5stem An*l5sis

%ompilers and tools e+pose the runtimeCs #unctionalit" and enable "ou to write code that bene#its

#rom this managed e+ecution environment %ode that "ou develop with a language compiler that

targets the runtime is called managed codeJ it bene#its #rom #eatures such as cross)language

integration! cross)language e+ception handling! enhanced securit"! versioning and deplo"ment

support! a simpli#ied model #or component interaction! and debugging and pro#iling services

To enable the runtime to provide services to managed code! language compilers must emit

metadata that describes the t"pes! members! and re#erences in "our code (etadata is stored with

the codeJ ever" loadable common language runtime portable e+ecutable 1PE5 #ile contains

metadata The runtime uses metadata to locate and load classes! la" out instances in memor"!

resolve method invocations! generate native code! en#orce securit"! and set run)time conte+t

boundaries

S5stem $e6elo/ment Metodolo5

1 . Initi*tion P*se

The initiation o# a s"stem 1or proDect5 begins when a business need or opportunit" is

identi#ied 0 ProDect (anager should be appointed to manage the proDect This business need is

documented in a %oncept Proposal 0#ter the %oncept Proposal is approved! the S"stem %oncept

/evelopment Phase begins


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2 . S5stem Conce/t $e6elo/ment P*se

Once a business need is approved! the approaches #or accomplishing the concept are

reviewed #or #easibilit" and appropriateness The S"stems ,oundar" /ocument

identi#ies the scope o# the s"stem and re$uires Senior O##icial approval and #unding

be#ore beginning the Planning Phase

. Pl*nnin P*se

The concept is #urther developed to describe how the business will operate once the approved

s"stem is implemented! and to assess how the s"stem will impact emplo"ee and customer

privac" To ensure the products and Aor services provide the re$uired capabilit" on)time and

within budget! proDect resources! activities! schedules! tools! and reviews are de#ined

0dditionall"! securit" certi#ication and accreditation activities begin with the identi#ication o#

s"stem securit" re$uirements and the completion o# a high level vulnerabilit" assessment

-. Requirements An*l5sis

Phase -unctional user re$uirements are #ormall" de#ined and delineate the re$uirements in terms

o# data! s"stem per#ormance! securit"! and maintainabilit" re$uirements #or the s"stem

0ll re$uirements are de#ined to a level o# detail su##icient #or s"stems design to proceed

0ll re$uirements need to be measurable and testable and relate to the business need or

opportunit" identi#ied in the Initiation Phase

7. $esin P*se

The ph"sical characteristics o# the s"stem are designed during this phase The operating

environment is established! maDor subs"stems and their inputs and outputs are de#ined! and

processes are allocated to resources Ever"thing re$uiring user input or approval must be

documented and reviewed b" the user The ph"sical characteristics o# the s"stem are speci#ied

and a detailed design is prepared Subs"stems identi#ied during design are used to create a

detailed structure o# the s"stem Each subs"stem is partitioned into one or more design units or

modules /etailed logic speci#ications are prepared #or each so#tware module


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8. $e6elo/ment P*se

The detailed speci#ications produced during the design phase are translated into hardware!

communications! and e+ecutable so#tware So#tware shall be unit tested! integrated! and retested

in a s"stematic manner Hardware is assembled and tested

9. Inter*tion *nd Test P*se

The various components o# the s"stem are integrated and s"stematicall" tested The user tests the

s"stem to ensure that the #unctional re$uirements! as de#ined in the #unctional re$uirements

document! are satis#ied b" the developed or modi#ied s"stem Prior to installing and operating the

s"stem in a production environment! the s"stem must undergo certi#ication and accreditation

activities

:. Im/lement*tion P*se

The s"stem or s"stem modi#ications are installed and made operational in a production

environment The phase is initiated a#ter the s"stem has been tested and accepted b" the This

phase continues until the s"stem is operating in production in accordance with the de#ined user

re$uirements

;. O/er*tions *nd M*inten*nce P*se

The s"stem operation is ongoing The s"stem is monitored #or continued per#ormance in

accordance with user re$uirements! and needed s"stem modi#ications are incorporated The

operational s"stem is periodicall" assessed through In)Process .eviews to determine how the

s"stem can be made more e##icient and e##ective Operations continue as long as the s"stem can

be e##ectivel" adapted to respond to an organiationFs needs When modi#ications or changes are

identi#ied as necessar"! the s"stem ma" reenter the planning phase

1. $is/osition P*se

The disposition activities ensure the orderl" termination o# the s"stem and preserve the vital

in#ormation about the s"stem so that some or all o# the in#ormation ma" be reactivated in the

#uture i# necessar" Particular emphasis is given to proper preservation o# the data processed b"


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the s"stem! so that the data is e##ectivel" migrated to another s"stem or archived in accordance

with applicable records management regulations and policies! #or potential #uture access

S$LC O4


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decisions The manual provides a #le+ible #ramewor' #or approaching a variet" o# s"stems

proDects The #ramewor' enables s"stem developers! proDect managers! programAaccount

anal"sts! and s"stem ownersAusers to combine activities! processes! and products! as appropriate!

and to select the tools and methodologies best suited to the uni$ue needs o# each proDect

1. Su//ort te use o0 *n Inter*ted Product Te*m

The establishment o# an Integrated Product Team 1IPT5 can aid in the success o# a proDect 0n

IPT is a multidisciplinar" group o# people who support the ProDect (anager in the planning!

e+ecution! deliver" and implementation o# li#e c"cle decisions #or the proDect The IPT is

composed o# $uali#ied empowered individuals #rom all appropriate #unctional disciplines that

have a sta'e in the success o# the proDect Wor'ing together in a proactive! open communication!

team oriented environment can aid in building a success#ul proDect and providing decision

ma'ers with the necessar" in#ormation to ma'e the right decisions at the right time

2. "*c S5stem Pro


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The ProDect (anager has responsibilit" #or the success o# the proDect and wor's through a

proDect team and other supporting organiation structures! such as wor'ing groups or user

groups! to accomplish the obDectives o# the proDect .egardless o# organiational a##iliation! the

ProDect (anager is accountable and responsible #or ensuring that proDect activities and decisions

consider the needs o# all organiations that will be a##ected b" the s"stem The ProDect (anager

develops a proDect charter to de#ine and clearl" identi#" the lines o# authorit" between and within

the agenc"Fs e+ecutive management! program sponsor! 1userAcustomer5! and developer #or

purposes o# management and oversight

-. A Com/reensi6e Pro


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t rans#ormation o# data are done! what # i les are used and where the result # lows

The graphical representation o# the s"stem ma'es it a user and anal"st /-/s are

structured in such a wa" that s tart ing #rom a simple diagram which provides a

broad overview at a glance! there can be e+panded to a hierarch" o# diagrams

giving to more and more details

S$uare* )Source or destination o# data 1E+ternal or Internal5

0s the name sugges ted does not # al l within s"s tem

boundar"! hence the" are de#ined as source or destination o# data

.ounded rectangleA%ircle* Process

This can be de#ined at place where trans#ormation o# data ta'es placeJ this

t rans#ormat ion includes addit ional modi# icat ion delet ion or accumulat ion o#

data

Open ended rectangleAparallel lines! data store

This s"mbol ical l" represents place where data i s s tored the data can be

stored #or #uture procession 1or5 i t can be processed #or #uture return an" place

where data is stored is called data stored


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"ntit5 Rel*tionsi/ $i*r*m%?


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Module $et*ils o0 Online So//in

$*t*4*se Module% ? T*4le "ntit5 Rel*tionsi/ o0 Online So//in


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T*4le Structure

Login

Order /etails

Pa"ment


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Product

Stoc'

Bser /etails


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Recruit.*s/@

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Testin & u*lit5 Assur*nce %

In an" endeavor testing is alwa"s important be#ore the actual implementation There are

various t"pes o# testing being per#ormed b" the developer at various stages o# the proDect

development

*B.Sco/e o0 testin

1.!nit Testin

Unit testing is a so#tware veri#ication and validation method where the programmer gains

con#idence that individual units o# source code are #it #or use 0 unit is the smallest testable

part o# an application In procedural programming a unit ma" be an individual program!

#unction! procedure! etc! while in obDect)oriented programming! the smallest unit is a method!

which ma" belong to a baseAsuper class! abstract class or derivedAchild class

Bnit testing can be done b" something as simple as stepping through code in a debugger

Checking Syntax* The so#tware is chec'ed as it is /evelopers Dust run so#tware and loo' #or

possible errors 0 ver" basic chec'ing to 'now i# there are maDor #unctions and errors that will

occur

Each module o# the is being tested manuall" to see the scope o# an" error persisting The site

was tested #or the live data as well as #or the dumm" data

Code inspection:0#ter the e+ecution! developers review their codes to loo' #or possible bugs

or errors in coding techni$ue Even though it has wor'ed in initial chec'ing! the language has

to be chec'ed e+tensivel" to predict possible problems in some e+ecutions

The S"nta+ o# the proDects is chec's (anual The rules o# the naming conventions are being

#ollowed so that it is eas" to understand the proDect at the later stage Proper documentations o#

the proDect are being done


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Walkthrough:0#ter chec'ing the so#tware themselves! its time to present the so#tware to the

e+perts Not the upper management but possibl" e+perts on the coding language or other

developers o# this t"pe o# so#tware The developer will present their wor' to the pool o#

pro#essionals who will scrutinie their wor' It is also important #or the developer to present

not onl" the coding techni$ue but also program itsel# Bsing simple case studies the so#tware

will somehow provide answers #aster or with a better result

2.Inte*tion Testin

Integration is the activit" o# so#tware testing in which individual so#tware modules are

combined and tested as a group It occurs a#ter unit testing and be#ore s"stem testing

Integration testingta'es as its input modules that have been unit tested! groups them in larger

aggregates! applies tests de#ined in an integration test plan to those aggregates! and delivers as

its output the integrated s"stem read" #or s"stem testing

,oth the proDects T"coon Group and chuttiicom are tested The input modules were unit tested

be#ore this integration testing This wor' is per#ormed manuall"

Bottom Up Testingis an approach to integrated testing where the lowest level components are

tested #irst! then used to #acilitate the testing o# higher level components The process is

repeated until the component at the top o# the hierarch" is tested

0ll the bottom or low)level modules! procedures or #unctions are integrated and then tested

0#ter the integration testing o# lower level integrated modules! the ne+t level o# modules will

be #ormed and can be used #or integration testing This approach is help#ul onl" when all or

most o# the modules o# the same development level are read"

This approach is #ollowed #or the Integration testing

.S5stem Testin

System testingo# so#tware or hardware is testing conducted on a complete! integrated s"stem to

evaluate the s"stemCs compliance with its speci#ied re$uirements S"stem testing #alls within

the scope o# blac' bo+ testing! and as such! should re$uire no 'nowledge o# the inner design o#

the code or logic

0s a rule! s"stem testing ta'es! as its input! all o# the integrated so#tware components that

have success#ull" passed integration testing and also the so#tware s"stem itsel# integrated with


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an" applicable hardware s"stem The purpose o# integration testing is to detect an"

inconsistencies between the so#tware units that are integrated together 1called assemblages5 or

between an" o# the assemblages and the hardware S"stem testing is a more limiting t"pe o#

testingJ it see's to detect de#ects both within the inter)assemblages and also within the

s"stem as a whole

-.)*lid*tion Testin

Test validation is a procedure that demonstrates that a test is Dob)related and

correlates to on)the)Dob per#ormance There are three main t"pes o# validation*

Content Validation* is a procedure where the content o# the Dob in $uestion is anal"ed!

matched and compared! 1#unction b" #unction5 to the abilities measured b" the test This shows

that the test is related to the Dob

Concurrent Validation:is a procedure which tests individuals currentl" in the position! and

then statisticall" compares their test results with their current per#ormance

Predictive Validation* is a procedure which tests individuals when the" are hired! and then

statisticall" compares the test results! a#ter a certain time! to on)the)Dob per#ormance 0

success#ul comparison or correlation suggests that the test is predictive o# on)the)Dob success

-or a good predictive stud"! a large application pool and considerable time and e##ort are

re$uired 0 suggested scenario would be to test all applicants as the" are hired )) but not use

the test results #or selection 0t the end o# a period! sa" one "ear! a comparison is made

between the test results and on)the)Dob per#ormance criteria

7.Reression Testin

egression testingis an" t"pe o# so#tware testing which see's to uncover so#tware regressions

Such regressions occur whenever so#tware #unctionalit" that was previousl" wor'ing correctl"!

stops wor'ing as intended T"picall" regressions occur as an unintended conse$uence o#


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program changes %ommon methods o# regression testing include re)running previousl" run

tests and chec'ing whether previousl" #i+ed #aults have re)emerged

u*lit5 Assur*nce

So#tware 7ualit" 0ssurance 1S705 is de#ined as a planned and s"stematic approach to the

evaluation o# the $ualit" o# and adherence to so#tware product standards! processes! and

procedures S70 includes the process o# assuring that standards and procedures are

established and are #ollowed throughout the so#tware ac$uisition li#e c"cle %ompliance with

agreed)upon standards and procedures is evaluated through process monitoring! product

evaluation! and audits So#tware development and control processes should include $ualit"

assurance approval points! where an S70 evaluation o# the product ma" be done in relation to

the applicable standards

So!t"are #uality $ssurance $ctivitiesProduct evaluation and process monitoring are the S70

activities that assure the so#tware development and control processes described in the proDectCs

(anagement Plan are correctl" carried out and that the proDectCs procedures and standards are

#ollowed Products are monitored #or con#ormance to standards and processes are monitored

#or con#ormance to procedures 0udits are a 'e" techni$ue used to per#orm product evaluation

and process monitoring .eview o# the (anagement Plan should ensure that appropriate S70

approval points are built into these processes

Product evaluation is an S70 activit" that assures standards are being #ollowed Ideall"! the

#irst products monitored b" S70 should be the proDectCs standards and procedures

S70 assures that clear and achievable standards e+ist and then evaluates compliance o# the

so#tware product to the established standards Product evaluation assures that the so#tware

product re#lects the re$uirements o# the applicable standard1s5 as identi#ied in the (anagement

Plan

Process monitoring is an S70 activit" that ensures that appropriate steps to carr" out the

process are being #ollowed S70 monitors processes b" comparing the actual steps carried out


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with those in the documented procedures The 0ssurance section o# the (anagement Plan

speci#ies the methods to be used b" the S70 process monitoring activit"

Tecnic*l u*lit5 *nd Com/*r*4ilit5

In general! the reliabilit" and validit" anal"ses strongl" support the use o# the %IP! along with the

IP! as a measure o# vocational interests The %IP results were strongl" related to the career

aspirations o# users BsersF %IP and IP interest pro#iles were highl" similar The structure o# the

underl"ing data o# the %IP instrument #it the .I0SE% model In addition! indirect and direct

evidence demonstrated that the %IP and IP are comparable The version o# the instrument ta'en

did not seem to in#luence either the primar" score or the pro#ile o# scores that an individual

received

0#ter the so#tware #or the %IP was developed! a stud" was conducted to evaluate its reliabilit"

and validit"! as well as its comparabilit" with the IP This section provides a brie# overview o#

the stud" -or a detailed description o# the stud"! re#er to the technical report* %&'(T

Computeri)ed Interest Pro!iler: elia*ility+ Validity+ and Compara*ility

Stud5 $esin

/ata #rom two separate samples were collected #or the stud"* a comparabilit" sample and a test

retest sample The comparabilit" sample was composed o# 3< subDects This sample was

administered both the %IP and IP! with hal# o# the participants ta'ing the %IP #irst and the other

hal# o# the participants ta'ing the IP #irst The test)retest sample consisted o# ;9? participants

who were administered the %IP at two di##erent points in time The time interval between their

#irst and second administration ranged #rom 9: to


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emplo"ed! militar"5 test)retest sample also had a diverse composition It di##ered! however!

#rom the comparabilit" sample in that it was primaril" %aucasian 1:5! it was more highl"

educated 1?4 had some college e+perience vs


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This t"pe o# validit" was assessed b" comparing the interest in#ormation generated b" the %IP

with interest in#ormation gathered b" a di##erent t"pe o# interest assessment tool /uring the

stud"! participants completed the .I0SE% Sel#) /escription 7uestionnaire 1S/75! a short sel#)

report measure that as's participants to ran' their interests The score pro#iles resulting #rom the

%IP were compared with the pro#iles generated b" the S/7 (oderatel" high levels o#

convergence were #ound between the pro#iles generated b" the two assessments! indicating that

both are measuring the same interest in#ormation Similar results were discovered #or the IP

Parallel -orms Validity

This t"pe o# validit" e+amines the potential in#luence o# test #ormat on participantsF interest

scores Individuals should receive the same score pro#ile! regardless o# which version o# the tool

1ie! computeried or paper)and)pencil5 the" ta'e Pro#iles #rom the %IP and IP were e+amined

.esults indicated a high degree o# pro#ile similarit"

Structural Validity

This t"pe o# validit" evaluates the underl"ing structure o# the interest in#ormation measured b"

the %IP To see i# the structure o# the in#ormation was similar to the Holland model! the

intercorrelations o# the interest scales! as well as multidimensional scales 1ie! visual image o#

the data5 were generated #or both the comparabilit" sample and the test)retest sample The test)

retest sample demonstrated stronger evidence o# structural validit" This is li'el" due to the

di##erence in the ma'e)up o# the two samples The evidence #or the test)retest sample was similar

to that discovered #or the IP 1.ounds et al! ;5! and is comparable to other interest measures

Com/*r*4ilit5 o0 te CIP *nd IP

The comparabilit" or abilit" to interchange the %IP and IP was assessed indirectl"! as well as

through direct tests The similarit" o# the results #rom the reliabilit" and validit" anal"ses on the

%IP and IP provide indirect evidence that the scores generated #rom each instrument are

comparable to one another Several anal"ses serving as directed tests o# the comparabilit" o# the

two versions o# the instruments #ound that the" were similar Pro#ile anal"ses indicated that an

individualFs scores on each o# the scales were not dependent upon the particular version o# the

instrument ta'en In addition! correlations among .I0SE% scales across the two instruments

were e+amined


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Im/lement*tion%

Implementation is the carr"ing out! e+ecution! or practice o# a plan! a method! or an" design #or

doing something 0s such! implementation is the action that must #ollow an" preliminar"

thin'ing in order #or something to actuall" happen In an in#ormation technolog" conte+t!

implementation encompasses all the processes involved in getting new so#tware or hardware

operating properl" in its environment! including installation! con#iguration! running! testing!

and ma'ing necessar" changes The word deplo"ment is sometimes used to mean the same

thing

Pur/ose o0 im/lement*tion%

The purpose o# S5stem Im/lement*tion can be summaried as#ollows* ma'ing the new s"stem

available to a prepared set o#users 1the deplo"ment5! and positioning on)going support

andmaintenance o#the s"stem within the Per#orming Organiation1the transition5 0t a #iner level

o# detail! deplo"ing the s"stemconsists o# e+ecuting all steps necessar" to educate the%onsumers

on the use o# the new s"stem! placing the newl"developed s"stem into production! con#irming

that all datare$uired at the start o# operations is available and accurate! andvalidating that

business #unctions that interact with the s"stemare #unctioning properl" Transitioning the s"stem

supportresponsibilities involves changing #rom a s"stem development toa s"stem support and

maintenance mode o# operation! withownership o# the new s"stem moving #rom the ProDect

Team tothe Per#orming Organiation

0 'e" di##erence between S"stem Implementation and all otherphases o# the li#ec"cle is that all

proDect activities up to thispoint have been per#ormed in sa#e! protected! and secure

environments!where proDect issues that arise have little or noimpact on da")to)da" business

operations Once the s"stemgoes live! however! this is no longer the case 0n" miscues atthis

point will almost certainl" translate into direct operationalandAor #inancial impacts on the

Per#orming Organiation It isthrough the care#ul planning! e+ecution! and management

o#S"stem Implementation activities that the ProDect Team canminimie the li'elihood o# these

occurrences! and determineappropriate contingenc" plans in the event o# a problem


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List o0 /rosess

This phase consists o# the #ollowing processes*

Pre/*re 0or S5stem Im/lement*tion, where all stepsneeded in advance o# actuall"

deplo"ing the application areper#ormed! including preparation o# both the

productionenvironment and the %onsumer communities

$e/lo5 S5stem, where the #ull deplo"ment plan! initiall"developed during S"stem

/esign and evolved throughoutsubse$uent li#ec"cle phases! is e+ecuted and validated

Tr*nsition to Per0ormin Or*ni*tion, where responsibilit"#or and ownership o# the

application are transitioned#rom the ProDect Team to the unit in the

Per#ormingOrganiation that will provide s"stem support andmaintenance

The #ollowing chart illustrates all o# the processes and deliverableso# this phase in the conte+t o#

the s"stem development li#ec"cleo# P

Introduction o# /atabase management S"stem

0 database is a collection o# interrelated

data The collection o# data must be logicall" coherent with some inherent meaning 0 database

is designed and built #or a speci#ic purpose! 'eeping in mind the needs o# the applications that are

going to use it and end users o# those applications It is managed b" a so#tware pac'age 'nown adatabase management s"stem 1/,(S5

0 /,(S is a so#tware s"stem that enables users to record and maintain database It provides an

environment where in data can be stored and retrieved #rom database easil" and must e##icientl"

The data can be an" thing that is deemed to be o# signi#icant to the organiation! the s"stem is

serving


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MAINT"NANC"

(aintenance o# the proDect is ver" eas" due to its modular design and concept

an" modi # i ca t ion can be done ver" eas i l" 0l l the da ta are s tored in theso# tware as per user need _ i # user wants to change he has to change that

particular data! as it will be re#lected in the so#tware ever" where Some o#

the maintenance applied is* )

#R"A=$O(N MAINT"NANC"% ?

The maintenance is applied when an error occurs _ s"stem halts and #urther

processing cannot be done 0t this time user can view documentation or

consult us #or rect i#icat ion _ we wil l anal"e and change the code i# needed

E+ample* ) I# user gets a error ]report width is larger than paper sie^ while

printing report _ reports can not be generated then b" viewing the help

documentation _ changing the paper sie to `03F sie o# de#ault printer wil l

recti#" the problem^

PR")"NTATI)" MAINT"NANC"% ?

Bser does thi s maintenance a t r egular intervals #or smooth #unctioning

1operation5 o# so#tware as per procedure and steps mentionedin the manual

Some reasons #or maintenance are* )

1 a5 Error %orrec tion* ) Errors ! which were not caught dur ing t es ting ! a #t er the

s"stem has ! been implemented .ecti # icat ion o# such er rors i s called

corrective maintenance

1b5 New or changed re$uirements* ) When Organia tion re$uirements changes

due to changing opportunities

1 c5 I mproved per #o rmance o r ma in tenance r e$u ir emen ts * ) %hanges t ha t i s

made to improve s"stem per#ormance or to ma'e i t easier to maintain in

the #uture are called preventive maintenance 0dvances in technolog"


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10daptive maintenance5* ) 0daptive maintenance includes al l the changes

made to a s"stem in order to introduce a new technolog"

S"C!RIT3 M"AS!R"S

The securit" measures imposed in the so#tware are* )

0 login password is provided in the so#tware Bser mus t login to

activate the application

Bser cannot change the password To change password he must contact the

administrator

The userApassword are given through S7L Server944: I# this is instal led

on NT 34 then i t is highl" secured I# i t is instal led on Windows :! then

run in degraded mode

/ata securit"! correctness integrit" is chec'ed up be#ore saving! update or

delete i# errors #ound the procedure is aborted

0 pri mar" 'e" _ # or ei gn 'e" concept i s i mplement ed # or avo id ing

incorrect data entr" or intentional or accidental delete or modi#icat ion o#

data

When user tr ies to delete the data then this # irs t chec' #or i ts re#erence

used b" other data! i# #ound the deletion aborted

I am also providing various securities at user level or at #orms

I am giving securit" at L0 N with the help o# status O# user


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Conclusions &Future Sco/e

On the basis o# the wor' done in dissertation entitled ](usic Online^! the #ollowing conclusions

emerge #rom the development

; This proDect has achieved the obDective o# replacingAaugmenting the conventional s"stem

o# arranging manpower as could be conducted b" a t"pical telecom dept

9 The development o# this pac'age has been achieved b" using %2NET! which is ver"

conductive to develop the pac'age with regard to time and speci#ic need to the user


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#I#LIORAP'3

; 0SPNET with %2 34 W.O@ Publication

9 0SPNET With %2 BNLE0SHE/ 34 edition Publication

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