one health workforce project · (r0

Emerging Threats Program

One Health Workforce Project

John Deen

One Health Workforce Project

Part of USAID’s EPT2 Program


Each civil society needs the capacity

and confidence to defend itself


Invasion by pathogens

• Significant death and morbidity

• Large amount of disruption

– Health system

– Economy

– Agriculture

– Trade

– Politics

• Large influx of aid is also disruptive

• A breakdown in civil society


Factors for Human Disease Emergence

1415 species of infectious agents reported to

cause disease in humans

Viruses, prions, bacteria, rickettsia, fungi, protozoa,

helminths

868/1415 (61%) zoonotic

175 emerging infectious diseases

132/175 (75%) emerging zoonoses

Taylor et al. Risk factors for disease

emergence. 2001, Philosophical Transactions,

The Royal Society, London

Human Cases

Wild Animal

Domestic Animal

Animal

Amplification

Human

Amplification

TIME

C

A

S

E

S

Wildlife Surveillance/

Forecasting Early Detection

One Health – Public health

as part of a larger

“ecosystem”

Control

Opportunity


Which predicts a country’s

susceptibility to a pathogen?

Agent or Host?


• The presence of the agent

(R0 <2)

• The presence of a host defense

(Workforce plus government

capacity)

Eg Ebola


National One Health Workforce

• Competent

• Inspired

• Empowered

To

• Prevent

• Detect

• Respond


History

• SARS IHR aim of 100% of countries

compliant

• Ebola, MERS IHR at 32%, PVS lower

• IHR and PVS Workforce deficiencies in

prevention, detection and response

• Short term : external workforce

• Medium term : training of current workforce

• Long term: University – trained workforce


eCOMOS (July 1): H5N2 Control

• The agent

– not sure of distribution in environment

– distribution in poultry farms in the American

Midwest

• 12M infected (passages), 38M uninfected but

euthanized

– poultry farms infecting environment?

• The host

– Birds of the American Midwest

– Flocks of the American Midwest


• Which moves faster: the disease or

the response?


Lessons

• We need to understand transmission

likelihoods

• We need competent people to respond

quickly

• We need leadership in the face of partial

information

• We need to get rid of

reliance on absolutes


Three mechanisms of disease control

• Control the agent

• Improve the host response

• Improve the community response


A Competent Workforce


One Health Core Competency Domains

GLOBAL SEAOHUN OHCEA

Management Management Management

Communication and

Informatics

Communication and

Informatics Communication

Culture and Beliefs Culture and Beliefs Culture, Beliefs, and Gender

Leadership Leadership Leadership

Collaboration and

Partnership

Collaboration and

Partnership

Collaboration and

Partnership

Values and Ethics Values and Ethics Values and Ethics

Systems Thinking Systems Thinking Systems Thinking

Policy and Advocacy

(also at country level) Research


An Inspired Workforce


Invasion by pathogens

• Significant death and morbidity

• Large amount of disruption

– Health system

– Economy

– Agriculture

– Trade

– Politics

• Large influx of aid is also disruptive

• A breakdown in civil society


Kikwit

• Mayor (Dr) Cyrille Kiyungu


Kikwit, 1995


Ebola warrior leads the charge in Sierra Leone

Monica Musenero Masanza

Assistant Commissioner, Epidemiology and

Surveillance at Ministry of Health - Uganda


An Empowered

Workforce


New Skills and

Career Paths

27

Economic Value

Proposition

and

Social Value

Proposition

Entrepreneurial


The educational enterprise

Aims:

Broadening of training Transdisciplinary

Trans-sectoral

Trans-locational

New faculty competencies

Alternate course content

Alternate teaching modalities

Alternate curricula

Alternate programs

Alternate career pathways


The case for networks:

Cross-border university networks as a

development strategy: Lessons from three

networks

David Chapman

Amy Pekol

Elisabeth Wilson

University of Minnesota

" International Review of Education” (2014): 619-637


“Networks typically involve a larger number of institutions and focus on a broader set of activities organized around a particular issue or goal.”

“Advocates of university networks posit that networks can take on activities that would exceed the ability of individual institutions and the intention often is to establish a longer-term, more sustainable set of relationships than are typical in university-to-university partnering arrangements (twinning) (ADB 2012)”


INDOHUN

Indonesia

MYOHUN

Malaysia

VOHUN

Vietnam

THOHUN

Thailand


Connections

• Spread of infections

– Residences: people, wildlife, livestock, food, water

– Driving factors: shedding rates, contact rates, susceptibilities, immunity, climate…

• Spread of information (data, models, technologies):

– Residences: practitioners, labs, professions, governments, IGO’s

– Driving factors: Knowledge, trust, communication, resources

• Spread of societal investment

– Residences: governments, society, owners

– Driving factors: economics, publicity, investments

one health workforce project · (r0

Documents