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On –site Activities in MCI

DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING EXERCISES FOR EMERGENCY

PREPAREDNESS

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Learning Objectives

By the end of this course, the participant should be able to:

� Describe the purpose of conducting exercises as full part of emergency preparedness (ever increasing level of readiness)

� Discuss the procedures for preparing and conducting exercises, including evaluation

� Discuss how existing response plans must be exercised

MODULE 2MODULE 2Q&A

In Emergency Preparedness……….

� What is the purpose of conducting exercise, what is the value of

doing so?

� Has anyone been participated in an exercise or has been

involved in preparing and conducting an exercise

� What were the key steps in preparing and developing the

exercise?

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Sustainable Development

Public safety Country profile

Actual needs & resources

Functions Activities

Educational objectives

Educational programs

Monitoring evaluation criteria

Validation Quality Relevance of Programs

Exercises testing plans, institutions, management systems

CRM

How training programs should be developed – exercises in CRM

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PLANNING

TRAINING

EMERGENCY

EVALUATE, REVIEW &

REVISE PLANEXERCISE

Exercise in the Overall Context of Emergency Management

MODULE 2MODULE 2 The Exercise Management Cycle

Needs

AnalysisDetermine aim and

objective

DesignSelect exercise type

Prepare exerciseConduct briefings

ConductControl and coordinate

DebriefAnalyze exercise

outcomes

ValidationFollow -up on-the-job

improvement

Exercise

Planning Team

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Slide 7

International assistance depends largely upon the actual capacity of the “affected country” to provide support in logistics....what types of training are needed?

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Donations and supply such as food can become a nightmare when the “system” is not prepared to manage.... How can the Health Sector contribute to? .

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Identify the Need

Analyse the Need

Design the Exercise

Conduct the

Exercise

Debrief the Exercise

Evaluate the

Exercise

Scoping Documents

Exercise Plan

Meeting Agenda

Scenario DocumentsDebrief

Agenda

Debrief Minutes

Meeting Minutes

Post Exercise Report

Checklists & Forms

Exercise Outputs

Exercise Inputs

Exercise Instructions

Exercise Documents

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Policy…plans…guidelines…and also full scale exercises

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MODULE 2MODULE 2 Purposes of ExercisesExercises are useful to:

• evaluate emergency plans;

• explore planning and response issues;

• promote awareness;

• develop and assess competence and skills;

• evaluate risk treatment strategies;

• validate training;

• identify performance gaps; and

• evaluate equipment, techniques and processes

• train coordination and management.

MODULE 2MODULE 2 Types Of Exercise• Discussion Exercises

� Orientation exercise

� Tabletop exercise

� Simulation exercise

• Functional Exercises

� E.g. Command post exercise

• Field Exercises

� Drill

� Demonstration exercise

� Full scale exercise

MODULE 2MODULE 2 Different types of Exercises – possible definitions/elements included

Orientation: No simulation; discussion of roles and responsibilities, introduction of policies, procedures, plans and change in responsibilities

Tabletop/ simulation: informal discussion of simulated emergency; no or limited time pressure; useful for: evaluating and discussing plans and procedures, resolving questions of coordination and responsibilities

Drills : single emergency response function; single agency involved, often practical demonstration and field component

MODULE 2MODULE 2 Different types of Exercises – possible definitions/elements included

Functional: involvement of policy and coordination personnel; practice emergency response, stressful; realistic simulation; takes place in real time; emphasizes emergency functions; EOC is activated

Full-scale : takes place in real time; employ real people and equipment; coordinates several agencies; activated EOC; mobilization of resources of the main agencies involved; focus on management system and procedures; coordination and command; costly; long preparatory work; community involvement

MODULE 2MODULE 2What is a SIMULATION EXERCISE?

A controlled, scenario driven activity used mainly for training or assessing personnel or testing, training or

evaluating processes or capabilities

MODULE 2MODULE 2 Emergency Management exercisescommunity program for capacity development

Exercises should be part of the community capacity building program

• One exercise build upon another

• Carefully planed sequence

• Participation of the community - ctitical

– Agencies

– Authorities

– Public, NGOs, CBOs, etc.

MODULE 2MODULE 2 Managing Exercise – Management team

Exercise managers (or management team) have a number of things to do:� setting the aim and expected outcomes;� setting the boundaries of the exercise;� conducting planning and progress meetings;� preparing documentation;� appointing directing staff;� overseeing the conduct of the exercise;� facilitating or overseeing debriefs;� compiling an exercise report; and� validating exercise outcomes� preparing recommendations

MODULE 2MODULE 2 Exercise Management - Step 1

• Needs - analysis

� All exercises emerge from an identified need. The need might be to practice, test or

� evaluate aspects of planning, procedures, or systems. Alternatively, it might be to

� assess individual or group performance, or to evaluate techniques or equipment

� The identified need is analyzed to determine the exercise aim and outcomes for the exercise.

MODULE 2MODULE 2Exercise Management - Step 2

• Design – exercise development

• The type and size of exercise is selected, planned and written� Identify Resources� Plan the Exercise� Develop Simulation Materials� Prepare Facilities, Create Displays and Materials, and

Consider Exercise Logistics� Identify, Select, and Train Staff

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Exercise Planning

• Exercise Scenario• Special Idea

• (serials / inputs)• Specific information about

the developing scenario to drive the exercise (verbal, written, displayed, broadcast)

• Arranged in chronological order with details arranged in the master schedule

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Brief the participants

SMEAC Format for Exercise Briefings

• Situation

• Mission (or objectives)

• Execution

• Administration and logistics

• Command and Communication

MODULE 2MODULE 2Exercise Management - Step 3

Conduct

� Briefing participants� Directing staff; run the exercise in accordance with

the plan, initiating and controlling the various stages as they unfold

• Methods vary widely according to the type of exercise selected (drills, tabletop exercise, functional exercise, full-scale)

• Refer to best practices/ Have a policy, issue guidelines

MODULE 2MODULE 2 Exercise Management - Step 4

Exercise evaluation and critique - recommendations� Participants are brought together after the exercise to

discuss its conduct, make suggestions and provide information to the exercise management team

� Reasons to evaluate exercise performance are:• To identify needed improvements in the plan• To identify needed improvements in the emergency

management system (resources, coordination, etc.)• to identify needed training/staffing deficiencies• To observe whether the exercise has achieved its

objectives• To identify needed operations equipment, logistics• To prepare recommendations

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ExerciseEvaluation

ExerciseObservation

Input Control Facilitation Media/VisitorManagement

Facilities &Logistics

ExerciseDirection

Exercise Control Teamsimulation Exercise

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ExerciseEvaluators

ExerciseObservers

Higher ControlFlank ControlLower Control

RolePlayers

Input ControlManager

LocationFacilitator/s

LocationFacilitator/s

FacilitatorManager

Media/VisitorManager/s

Admin /Support Staff

Security

Facilities &Logistics

Assist ExerciseDirector

ExerciseDirector

Exercise Control TeamFunctional Exercise

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Debrief the Exercise

Types of Exercise Debriefs

• Hot Debrief

• Exercise Directing Staff

• Exercise Participants

• Agency / Multi Agency

• Exercise Planning Team

• Use SMEAC Format

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Evaluate the Exercise

After Action ReviewsAnswer:

• What did we plan to do?

• What did we achieve?

• Why did it happen?

• What can be done in the future?

• Lessons Identified• Implementing Lessons Identified

• Continuous Improvement

MODULE 2MODULE 2GROUP WORK

• What is the present situation in your country regarding exercises for emergency preparedness and to test readiness for the Health Sector ?

• What could be done or what is required to improve the situation ?

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THANK YOU