on self-alteration

7/30/2019 On Self-Alteration

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PARRHESIA NUMBER920101-17

On Self-AlterAtiOnSahs Gogos

to hk s o o g o o h cav; s o o pac h cay o shadows by h ca-c

os o hgs hsvs, h as ckg gow by h gh o h s. to hk s o h labyh; o xacy, s o ak b ad appa a labyh wh w gh hav saydyg aog h ows, acg h sky. i s o os os ads gas whch xs oy bcasw v o dggg h; o od ad od a h d o a c-d-sac whos ac hasb sh o bhd s, xpcaby, hs spg od ops p h sodg wascacks whch o passag.

Cos Casoads, Crossroads in the Labyrinth (1978)

i a ag pocay o h possb, whch dos a i a a opa. rah wha i wados o y xs, as h oy possby o a .

lc igaay,Jaime toi(1992)

th a sggsd by a co-incidentadg o h wo qoaos abov cogs h pah o hs ssayspay oao. exag hs wo ws ogh s dcad by hs pah, o by so so opcogd o psy covd ay.

Casoads ao dsgags hkg o a Paoc dvavs ha ap h oy o egh,whch wod pa o a who ag o ascdas aspaos, vaos, pphas, b aso soso pcby, cdg ay psos o av a a cag (Lichtung). H ss hkg as a pca od oachc whch h sa s aways scoday o h cav. tha hs achc s abyhas ha s ay who d, dsp s ay, s bqos, dad-ds. i s who d bcas, os ow s, s ab ad bodss, bcas h s ha g o vy a o h hksow akg. Casoads od s o av bhd h gy-dcg rk o h ga-povokg Kaka,

cogzg h as v ha h abyh gas o os bow a os hoghs -h-akg,wh y a poa dvao: o as da pocos o s-akg (as o Kakas paaod achcaca) b as wodos opgs o s-ohg. i hs spc, hogh bcos qssay poietic,ha s o say, cav/dscv: a (s-)ag oc ha sos podcs c-d-sacs ad oh sops wdows oo chaos. idd, Casoads dscpo o how a dad-d bcos a wdow oo chaoss o o h os daac capsaos o hs way o hkg. to hk s hs o ac a ayboh owad yos ad owad h wod. i s o o dv o g o a ay, ad sy o o dsay as telosh abyh, a spac spd wh ohss, s aways os ow.


2/17

ONSElf-AltERAtION

i , igaays psoa acco cas ha h opa ad h possb a hady dca. ths s

o bcas h opa ay aso b ac possb, b bcas dsg h possb s a y a adaca way o co os o wha s possb h . H phass o wha dos o y xs doso a vs a pdd o povda ha w co o b h so soo asc h ps. rah, wha dos o y xs s cogd as a pa codo oay wh ps xsc, a kd o kow vaab h qao o wha ay co o b possb h , a qao ha obvosy cas o ahaca cosscy b as pab o hv pdcab cogcs o ha aco. ths codo, ho, kows o as X aco, sachronosb s, ohss, pac acoss h ag o hsoys poas, phaps as a aadyscbd hoopa. i s a codo op o h d possby o sohg whos oxsc ash oy possby o a s a psy xsg codo, soa as who hs X h qao (pso ) cao b cosd.

th covd obc boh qoaos, ho, s so as o h possb, o wha dd appaspossb bcas h hozo o possby h pcpo s dd adqa by h gg

pcocpo. th ps h s o ag ha ha bgs a chaaczd pcsy by h dago ak h possb happ, whch has ohg o do wh akg acs b dos hav o do whcog ad acg h wod wh a ss o wod. eqg wha aas ad capsas hsdag o h possb w ad s o h ac ha human-being, as a vg codo, s ay da,whch o say ha ay s sc o .

th way o hs qy s o copa a addy possb cocp: self-alteration. Scy spakg,s-aao sgs a pocss by whch ay s ay podcd, dssovg h vy hg ha abs, h vy hg whos xsc dvs ag o bg ad,from othering itself. i s o hdhogh, hs s dd a possb cocpa as, wh h cocpa awok ha ds ayo b xa, a awok, i gh add, ha s ssa o ay sacs (ad, o cos, pocs) o dy.Sch awok cao b vhy dd, by coadsco, h boa d xsc o wha cahs b cad who hsao ay, v , a gs o cogv agay, ay accpa agd, ssd, da, o v bodss ay. B ay hs cocvd, howv

op-dd cas o b, cao ac s-aao bcas ay w aways a xa o ,pcsy so as o sc s ag. Havg sad ha, s aso cocd ha hs awok o a ay/xay cocvd dsco o dy ad dc gvs ag o h agag i a sg a hs vyo. i s, vaby, h awok ha abs s o bd cocav avs by posg oas adds ha w cosd cogzab v w gh sgcay dsag ov h co. i dsadha, hs awok, s-aao s a possb cocp, b i hav a hch ha s ohss possb,ha takes place h oy way ayhg ca ak pac h wodin hsoy, as hsoy. A h , hcocpa qy i a sggsg, abyh hogh s s ow , cogs s godwok hwod o ha aco, o h vs o cocps ad poposos.

1. CreAtiOn/DeStruCtiOn

S-aao s a ca cocp Casoads hogh, ad w cod say ha h dsads as ssao a vg bgphaps v go so a as o say ha s aao o physis s. i hs s od, h

cocp ows a o o Asos oo o ov as chag Gk alloiosis. B hogh Aso ay bCasoads avo phosoph, Casoads s by o as a Asoa; o h h s ophysis whonomos. ths cos o pay pacay wh w dscss h wod o h ha bgh os pca oa vg bgs. i hs gs, o oh wod o aao h Gk, whch w d Casoads Gkxs, s o povokg: hetersis. i s hs ag ha i s as a acho, od o xa s-aao, h wod o h ha bg, boh as a psycho-ooogca ad as a soca-hsoca dso.


3/17

StAtHiS GOurGOuriS

A basc kd o sag po wod b o cosd s-aao h cox o Casoads pss

vw o h vg bg as s-cav ad o h ha bg, spccay, as a soca-hsoca bg haxss va s ab ad dd d capacy o h cao/dsco o o h wod.Hc, s-aao s acad dc coco wh s-cao as a ooogca sadpo haCasoads dsads as vis formandi, a kd o ophopoc oc o -pow ha cogs h wodby cag adcay w os o dd, o pcsy, adcay oh os. i s poa o dsadh co-incidence o hs oo o s-cav bg wh a dscv, caasophc, . Casoads s ocoss o hs a, b o o ss hs wgs h oao creation/destruction. Cay, hsaayss o agdy (Antigone spcay) ad ch o hs dscsso o p-Socac cosoogy, wh hphass s o a v-ps dyadc cosoogca agay (apeiron/peras, chaos/kosmos), o oo o caoca b cogd who a saosy acd dsco.1 th cca h s h sayo wo dsc ocs. W cay o spakg o so osos cocp, k h o-ba oo ocav dsco o so sch hg. no a w spakg o ay so o sp dacca ao, dsph h aagos o sch ogay dyadc awoks; Casoads a as, h a o daccs aspab psoogca od s abgos a bs.

ths saos o co-incident dob g cdas o o h os coovsa o Casoadsphosophca gs, h oo o cao ex nihilo. Gv h xs, w do ay d o wod whyCasoads sss o hs g. Hs ahopo-ooogca awok s basd o h da ha whadsgshs h ha aa spccay s h capacy o ca o ( eidos) ha s y pcdd,pvosy cocvab, ad dd oxs ay ss po o h o ad ac o s cao. Hsss ad aga ha cao dos o a h podco o dc b h gc o ohss.ths capacy o h whoy w, whoy oh, s wha dsgshs h adca agao. th ex nihilo s ho acca h ac ha w a o akg abo oao, o vaao, o cav assbyo aag o aady xsg os. Hs xap ha h vo o h wh s a o adca adspdoos cao h vs ha a w gaaxy s w kow, o vy w gaaxy gg spacs ay b aoh sac o h gaaxy o, whas h wh s y pcdd.2 th osd doac co egsh capsas wha Casoads has d: yo vg h wh!as yo o bg cav, yo o sg yo agao, yo a wasg yo o podcg

wha xss (howv w a o cosd h s o vabs o hs kd o o).

B Casoadsspcay a yas ad od o dd hs o ky sdsadgsssd o h cacao ha ex nihilo dd o a in nihilo o cum nihilo. upcdd adca cao outof nothingdos o a wh() ohg, in a vacuum. O h coay, wha aks adca s pcsy ha aks pac hsoy, as hsoyha dd aks hsoy aw. th s o way sch cao ca gsas hsoy aw who dsoyg, so o o oh, wha xss pac, whh w cocv hs asspy wha sss h w o y wha sds h wg o whav w g o dspac oac . nw soca-agay caos do cob o h vashg o soca-agay sos aadyh. thas why w do hav Phaaoc pss, Spaa waos, o Kghs o h rod tab gaod h ss o nw Yok o h sbbs o Pas. thas why h noh Aca idas, who owxs h povshd vs o h svao, cao possby ag hsvs as oag adpod waos, ad v hy codbyod h pad cchs o Hoywood Wsshy cayca b .

i ospc, s possb o cosc a dscpoo w a hsoyo how ad wha s adpocsss chaacz h cao o w soca-hsoca bg. A coo xap Casoads, dscssda vaos cs hs wok ad agaby cag h yas ha ad p h sas o Ce qui faitla Grce (1982-83) s how h spccs o h Cshs os ha capsa h cao o Ahadocacy as w soca-hsoca bg a acab has h pop wod h copxs o hsoca-agay so o h Gk polis, whch Casoads dy pos a h way back o h asGk xa docaoHo, Hsod, Aaxad, Sappho. i oh wods, Casoads hoy o


4/17

ONSElf-AltERAtION

cao ex nihilo s o y ad o vaos hos o dscoy hsoy. i cao ps h hs

o copaso, b s a wohwh pah o co o cosd h , ohws a o Casoads,ha xds ( h fch ado a as) o Bachad o foca. i w do adh dogacay o hoo o h psoogca p chaacsc o hs h sa way ha w wod o hd haccsaos agas Casoads ha cao ex nihilo shs so so o hoogy h back dooh wgh av a a o acd dsadg o h oo.3

B h s aso aoh dso o hs ss ha i do hk has b adqay add o. i hs casscssay fa a (1989), Casoads spaks o wha gas vady o caos co wh hwod. i qo xsvy:

nwo cay dd o dscov, h vd ad cad h hoy o gavao; b happs(ad hs s h why w a s akg abo ) ha hs cao encounters [rencontre] a waywhat is, o o s saa.

W ca kowdg. i ca cass (ahacs) w aso ca, hby, h outside time. i ohcass, (ahaca physcs) w ca d h cosa o co; s hs co havadas o vadas o caos.

Ad a o:

to h x ha w ca cvy cophd sohg abo a og socy, o say sohgvad abo , w pocd o a -cao o sgcaos, whch co h ogay caoA bg who h -cav capacy o h agao w dsad ohg abo .4

l s ocs o a o o wo s: h cosa o co ad h -cav capacy oh agao. th s s pcsy o phasz ha ex nihilo dos o a in nihilo o cum nihilo. nooy s adca cao o o ohg aways acd h wod, b s acd as ad cosad by aco. th ohg o o whch adca cao gs xss, h os pcs ss, in h wod; s o, oh wods, so so o ascda owh. Ad hogh w shod o a a coposh oow dd a o o ohg; w a, h ac Gk ss, o o h passag o oo-bg o bgw hav o aow osvs h paadoxca capacy o ag boh ha hs ohg,hs o-bg, s wody ad ha, say po cog o b sohg, hs wy cad bg gsss wodss by a avodab co wh wha xss, whh h dso o ogc ad cacao(wha Casoads cas, by as o a oogs, ensidicsbs-day) o byod , h poieticdso as sch.

Scod, s o ogh o sck o a kd o sagh sgg oh o h w, o h oh. W d aso o po agao o wok o -cag h doa o h sgg oh, h dsos o gco h w. ths oo ca b dsood d ways. O cogzab sac o agav -caos h hca ac s (as Sz Adas has pod o acy). ths s a pay o oy phosophcawok b sy hsoca wok. th bs hsoas a h os who ca -cavy ag h hozoo gc o h hsoca sh hy a vsgag. B boh cass (phosophca ad hsoca), asiv agd Does Literature Think?, o gags h wok opoieino agg o h cas o adca

cao; o shapg a o o (whch s o say: o sgyg o) h cas o agav -cao.thpoietic dso socys agay so pas dd o socys cav/dscv capacy,ad s ssa boh o h adca ogao o (s-)sd aws/os ha abs h adcacao o w os oh wods, boh o h qso o aooy ad h qso o s-aao.


5/17

StAtHiS GOurGOuriS

2. SuBlimAtiOn

ths psoogca v o sag s-aaob aso ooogca, o h dg ha cocpazs aphysisshod sv as a ca godwok, shg hogh s, whch ds o b cdad, howv, by apsychc dso, od o ad s o h soca-hsoca cocs ha pa o hphysis o ha-bgas sch. fo Casoads, hs s h cossoads bw hs psychoaayc wg ad hs phosophca wg,wh s-aao bcos a ky oo wg h aboao o a pocs o sbao, o h ohad, ad h poc o soca aooy, o h oh.5

As a possby qck cacao, co ha, o Casoads, sbao s o h asao obda dv o h o-sxazd acvy o h agao, as s adoay cocvd h wd sso h so-cad psso-hypohss wo ways: fs, ohg s, o acco o a qsoabha capacy o ad pocvy owad o-coa sxay ha ogods sxay s ad oosas a a o h pas o aasy (ha s, h pvg o phaasac psao ov sp ogapas). Bcas h pas o aasy os vy aspc o ha xsc, bcos dc o

cod wha ss sbaoy vs vovs dd dsxazd pas. i oh wods, hpacy o phaasac (o psaoa) pas s occs o h soac o ssos gs. is oa o b dsood as so so o absac spazao. ev asccs xpc pas hasccs, ad h jouissance o yscs ov h ags s a oo vd a vay o xpssos. Whaas s h aoozao o ds, whch gos had had wh h dcoazao o dshco-incidence s pcsy wha aks h ha agao dpd o sc o dv ad, hs spc,coa a aogh d ss o h .

Scod: bcas sbao s h cssay od o socazaoo pcsy, as Casoads says, ohazaoha s, h od by whch h doab psych cahcs s pa ds o opocoo h pas o soca coy, a h xps, o cos, o hs opoc b a h ga o hscy o go-coso hogh h povso o ag (wh a h aac s hs as).Bcas, howv, socazao/hazao s a soca-hsoca pocss ad sbaoy obcs a awayspa o h agay so o socy (v wh hy a obcs o adca ogao o socy,

o dd v wh hy a obcs o socys dsco, scda o gocda), sbao s o soso o aa pocss, wh coss ad a s, b aways vovs a pocs. i s pcsyh pocs o sbao ha aks a qy o hs popy psychoaayc doa b a h sa a ogao o h poca ooogy o sbgao ad hooy agas whch h cocp o s-aao gs as a acpaoy oc.

th pob o hooy sbao s soab wh a ca fda gs, soa as paaks o a basc coadco h psychoaayc psoogca vs, whch fd v qhozd, phaps bcas h v sovd o hs h cocpa sgg h h psychoaaycpoc bw h phyogc ad h soca-hsoca a o h ha. i obvosy g ofds aby o coc h ac ha, o h o had, cvzao s b codd o pssgha dvs h svc o doao ad xpoao, wh o h oh had, hs sa pssoo dvs (accodg o h oo o h cao o sc) s b accpd as a pqs ohays acazao o s hgh poa, a pqs o cvzaos vy xsc. ths, fd,

cssay ks sbao wh psso ad, gv hs add ack o hoca aboao o hwok o sbao, bcos sposb o h dsssv a o sbao a h hads o aypsychoaayc ad ca hoss. Sbao has hs b ad wh h ak o a pahoogcacodo, whch s a h o cca w cosd s vaby ad cssy: h pcao ca oyb ha h ha aa s vocaby pahoogca by a. W ca say a o o hgs abo h haaas boogca capacy, b s by pobac o cosd pahoogca; h vy asspo ocapacy ds possb h vy cocp o h oa ad hby s cca dsag.


6/17

ONSElf-AltERAtION

th s dd aoh pcao, whch i cao addss h, b dsvs o b od: h ac ha

a adca dcso ass a h co o psychoaayc hoy ad pacc, a sp bw h acpaoypoc o bag pssd bda poa ad a kd o gad cosvas cogzg pssoas h cssay cos o h pogss o cvzao. ego-psychoogy, as w kow, bypasss h da byakg a coscos dcso avo o h scod soo ad sbscbg dcy o wha w cod cah doscao o h coscos, whby bao o pssd ds s o b aagd by a a-pow hahy go ha w, o a pacca pposs, pac h cos o h spgo wh s ow.to wha xd hs as a dob psso , a psso o oy o coscos poa b asoo spgo acvyhby occdg h wokgs o ahoy o h sbcshod b vd. i hadya o dsavow h sadad hss ha cogzs h spgo as h psychc ocs o hooy. B a hspo i a o cocd wh sbao as a poo-oav pocss b as a pacco-poc pocss, adh h go (scoday b o ssay) bcos ky. th go s h ocs o socys conscious agcy,ad a hooos go bcos h ag o hooos sbao o gad soca-ca sca. thss pcsy a a o hpolitics o sbao ad cao b xocsd by so so o p psychoaayss.

A vocav way o cosd hs pob s h adca sgcac o Casoads vsa o fds casscoo o Wo Ich bin, soll Es auftauchen (Wh i a, i sha spg oh). tha s o say, h cav/dscvcapacy o h coscos w g h gos ocao sch a way as o dsp h gos aco gag sgcao soy o h soca-agay so ps h spgo. ths dspohady as h d o sbao. Sch a d s ssay possb; w o occ, wod sgy hvooay gsso o h ha aa. B dos a, poay, h aao o h sadad wayso sbao, as w kow h hsoy. i a coc ss, aso as a ad ao o hsoy assch, ag, as casss ow o ha hogh ad paxs.

l s o Casoads ssc ha sbao s aao o hazao. th po s hasbao s o y h had o cvzao po h ha (h cassc psso hypohss), b hpocss by whch o bcos ha, soa as h oadc co o h psych cao possby svv o sow as a ogas, dv by s saab ds o sga opoc a a coss. Sbao, ohwods, dos o ac h agcy o cvzao ad sy vovs sohg o ha h cao o

cvzao: s a sc o h pocss o ha xsc ha aks ha xsc possb, aautopoietic . O cos, o h sadpo o h oadc co o h psych, sbao w awaysappa asad is achooos . fo hs sadpo, sbao dos a vo dspoo h pdh coso poo-psychc xsc ad s ss sa o ay. A hs v,hooos sbao s o a pob; s a ac. B h v o h oadc co o h psych s hadya ssaab sadpo o whch o dsad (v o vw) h copcaos o ha xsc. thpob ass pcsy a h o hs a bpartialac s ak o h who.

Wha do i a? Casoads ssc o h dcoazd a o h ha psych, v a hv o h oadc coa po, by h way, y cosa wh fdabs s o dsadha, hogh s dd h wok o h soca agay so, sbao s o acd as xaposo (o shod w b ckd o hk ha s a b azao o spgo-yp cos).Wha abs o happ s h psychs ow aby o opa ad spod a h v o psao, oagsc x (Vorstellung). th psychs agay capacy xss aady a h v o dvs; s o a a-

ab, so so o culturedcapacy. i s aady ps a h o sbao s acd. W ghsay, abs sbao pcsy bcas povds a agag ha ca asa socys os o psychcs. i hs spc, hogh h oadc co o h psych xpcs a voao ad cao b ss, aso xpcsagas s b o wh sa a pas, whch s wha ay aowssbao o wok. Ohws, gv h saab aoscopc a o h psych, o sbao wodhav b socay cv ad o ca oy wod wha hs wod a o ha hsoy.6


7/17

StAtHiS GOurGOuriS

ths ps h sbao-as-psso hoy, o d adqa, bcas saosy wh

h xpc o adca voao o pd h s a qay pow xpc o a pas,a a pas o wod say, h obc-vs ha sbao aods. O cod chooso pahoogz hs dob codowhch s acay o say, naturalize o o cod choos o vw soca-hsoca s, whch wod a akg a poca dcso as o h sgcac ad dsco,dd h va, aog h d o sbaoy obcs h cos o ha hsoy. i hs spc,h hooy o sbao, spy dsood, dos bco a pob pcsy bcas s o a naturallyvab oco, b s ah codod by h hsoca dsos o soca agay so.

3. SuBjeCtiOn

Aady, gv h s o hs ao, a acoy s s p o pass hogh h cocpa sas oay wh h oos body o hoogca dscoss ha shadow . B ha as ay, h ps so aa, a ca dacca ss, a altered relation to alterity, wh a aspao ay o coach a o ascdc ha has bco a h copoay xco o h Oh, o sch a

x as o podc cossy a cogv g o ascdc ha s s ascdab. A hsa , i a awa ha hs acoy hby pgs s o h chca was o h S, whosow cocpa xco has og b h ag o h os adca dcs psychoaayc ad shoy, as w as odays scoay pocs.7 ths s a h o copcad by h o ssbassocao o dscoss cocg h sbc wh dscoss cocg h s, whch aks cospcosyvd dd how pobacha s o say, how pocabcos ay hoy o sbccao soaas s vov a hoy (o, ssc, a pocs) o sbao, whh ackowdgd o o. i h assac, w s sa h y obvos bcas s so cca: sbc-oao s a poca a, as sgs h aga goao wh powdd, wh h pow o h oh, o wh pow as oh,b aso, vaby, wh pow as ag (othering) oc. i s hs a aspc ha pobazs h qao, asg, by s vy coso, h qso o h poca p ad sp: Wh dos h powo ohg, o aao, o asoao, sd? Who dos g? Wha s s a a?is ocao? is sadpo o oco? Ad ay, wha s s od ad s o acao?

i The Psychic Life of Power, jdh B has ad a bod vo spos o hs qsos, wokg oh Hga bass o h goao o pow h daccs o s-cogo b cay xcdg oo pcsy, ag s sso ha h aways hocay pcaos a o h cosco o hsbc ca -g s copcy wh h cosco o sbco. Bs ova dsadgo h ocs vovd hs copcos ao s poody dacca. idd, a basc ss, ogsa ad ao o dacca hkg, vy ch dac o c cqs, whch dosas hcapacy o dacca hkg o a qsos ad sposs ha oav h dadock o daaogc. l s avs h s o h ag o a o, wh a y o h pcaos as godwoko a qy o s-aao.

B pdcas h ag o h ah coovsa asso ha sbc-oao s aways wdwh sbco: ha s, wh sbodao o h pow o a oh, o o pcsy, o pow as a ohy ha as h oc o s ohss v wh s (as s b) azd h pocss o hsbcs gc o bg. iazao h dos o a h doogca asspo o h s o

xa pow, h cassc ss o a poca ad psychoogca gs o sbgao, pcsy bcas,B ags, h o o azao s s a oav odd, a transformative owhby h sbcs aga ac o xsc sgs boh h absopo o pow as ohss ad hac o h og capacy o hs pow.

i oh wods, h s a odaoa say a wok h aga o o sbccao hapos boh wady owad h psychc cs ad y owady xcss o h da doa oh oh.8 ths paadoxca say, whby h oh boh os h sbc ad y s od by h


8/17

ONSElf-AltERAtION

sbc, pgs h ooogca qao o cay ad aks sgcao gac. B cas

xpcy a opoogca qaday, g o agag s h ag o h Gk ag o trop(boh ad a, sh ad g): th o hs pow aks s ssy akd by a g o g,a g back po s o v a gon os. ths g opas as pa o h xpaao o how asbc s podcd, ad so h s o sbc, scy spakg, who aks hs . O h coay, h appas o co as a opoogca agao o h sbc, a odg o whos ooogca sasas pay ca.9 i hs spc, h vy agag o sbc-oao s o a g ocay, whby a sca ad poa od (o pcps, s, ocs, oc, c.) aks o adcoscb ga.

rgh away h, h dscos o sbco as dscos o sbc-oao ca hady b appd as aspccay dcoa vco oc, h oc o sbgao p ad sp. As od (taxis) s odaoaygac, o paaacc o syacc (o v acca, h cox o sagc) aag o pow cab assd. takg hs hoca bc o s x, i wod ag h h sa o sbodao (hhypotactic ) a gaaca b aso phosophca ss, sohg ha B dos o addss as sch

b, ohss, ads s o by pcao. i ay cas, hogh pow dos xs xa o h sbcbydo, soa as s cogzd as a oav ocs xay s possb o d, pcsybcas, a dacca ss, pow s s sbcd o h asoav oc o h sbcs agaac o akg hs pow a. Covsy, h sbcs aga poso, as s xa o pow(o whos oav oc s sbcd), s aso possb o d. th s o a priorisbc. rah,h sbc s h doa o dao a h vy o azs pow as s ow, hbyasogalteringpow boh s o s ocao ad h s o s oc. i s cca o kp d h ha hs aao s a o o p, a po. Ohws, azao wody sgy h wos aspc o hooos sav, ad h sgcaoa ay h oc oaao wod b y os. ths s why B pady sss o h dscoy bw h powha as h sbc ad h pow ha s h sbcs agcy (P, 12).

th ogc h ga co ha B dscbs soas cay wh Casoads ow psychoaaycacco o boh sbc-oao ad soca-agay so. th say o boh gss s q

akab, wh so poa dcs agagCasoads dos o ga sch ahozg oco pow b ps o kp hs poso h socyad hs spc dsvs a sdy os ow. fo o pposs, howv, o h oowg: Whv Casoads spaks o agayso, h aways asss a godss, abyssa say a h og, a say ha hs os acosbsaa, co-da, co-cd ogwha h xpcy cas h pv cc o cao.i hs basc s, vy socy s h sbc o s agay so h ss ha vy socygs o h aga o s ow sgcaos: sgcaos whch socy ss as s ow a h vy s sd by h, sc, k h sbc, o socy ca xs a po o a soca agayh so vac spac hsoy. to say ha socy s h sbc (ad covsy, ha h sbc s a so osocy) s h o py a oo o cocv coscosss (o o ha a, cocv coscos) oo ass ha sbcs a, spy spakg, soca-hsoca podcs. Socy/sbc s a dacca o hahas o a po og ad o oogca ag. Pcsy bcas h s o hsoca vac, h sbcs aways sd as a soca o soa as asss h agay sgcaos paca o h soca-hsoca o ha pas o . A h sa , howv, soca-agay sgcaos a ay hsoca

o a hsvs agss (.., sgab) who h sbc ha ss h: cos poh va ag.10

Casoads cocpazs hs sc h psychoaayc s ha pa o sbccao, as w h doa h cas h adca agao, whch abs h o spak s o a ooogy o socy,ophysis wh nomos. A h v o h adca agay, h aab co o h psych cos whaappas o o b h p ay o soca so a o ha sgas saosy h psychsda ad acpao: h aga o o sbc-oao. i ag ha, o Casoads, h


9/17

StAtHiS GOurGOuriS

oadc co o h psych as sboda o h pow o soca so, wh hs povdg h

ca gy, so o spak, ha pows h so: s, a a odaoa v, h institutingagaoss, dab, sgab, aab, abyssa x o ag/ac/psao: p Vorstellung.ths psychca sbodao, v cosq soc o adca agao, psvs h cosva schs o whch ash ac ha h s a sag ha ds asd h pa copoadao o h psych s h go s, ha s, h psychs vy ow gad abassado o hosd wod. th a psychoaayc wok o Casoads cdas spcay hs pay podco oohss wh, whch aas h psych wh a a s-had ha aways s absh v h os x asaos o pay acsss (s-ov). fo Casoads, h adca had o hoh, obsvd dcavy acs ac, as pcsy o hs oavab psychca s-had. Whaavs acs ds s, hs spc, a spcc pocs o sbao ha abs a co wh ohssas dc sad o as xsa ha o h s psychca s, adca aso o s. Covsy,a pocs o sbao ha pows acs had s awayspotentially gocda a sc ss, v dos o aways ach hs x.11

Obvosy, h psychc oad as sch (as p Vorstellung) s a ossca y ay so o sp so ha-bg. i s y agss ad s svva hgs o s bg dowd wh ag, whsgcao. Gog back dcy o fd, hs spc, Casoads spaks o h psychs asao oh ags/acs/psaos o soca so a h vy o o hs co, whch ayb cocvd as a o agay, b s obvosy codcd aga ad aga a dvdas ,soa as sbc-oao s v xhasd a sg sac b s vaby a op-dd ()ao, a hsoca ac. i hs asao, h psych cvs h sd sgcaos ha sgy as a sbc a gv soca-hsoca doa, whch (sgcaos) h vssas s, odo g o o s asc oadc codob sch a way as v o b dcb o h ovasd sgcao. W o b so, h psych wod b ay dad ad a coscos wod bagab. ths asao s ho a poietic poac, a asoav ac ha sbcs sdsgcao o aao. By h sa ok, sbc-oao s h ss pocss (dd d oyby h cay o oay) by whch h adca agao o h psych as s capacy o ak adak (a) h hozo o possby o soca-agay so by accpg (ad accdg o) soca-

agay sgcao, by accpg (ad accdg o) h spcc soca-hsoca co h cos ocogz as s wody xsc.

ths ao ds ay da o abso ay asb, sgab, xcp as a codo o pspcv.Wh o h adca sadpo o h psych h so o socy dos dd appa as p ayas dos, covsy, h psychc co appa as abso ay o h ogc o socy (dsp casss oso xpa o co away, whh by go, phosophy, o psychoaayss)h s o way o sgya ocao xa o hs sadpos ha wod d h ohs xsc. to p a ah csyway: h s o s o h oh, o aoh so o agag, h oh s o a sbc. th oh s aoc o aao ha acs ad s acd by h sbchs s h poso ha pow hods Bscocpo: a oc ha bgs h sbc o xsc, y s oxs who h sbc. ths, h cca o d s o h g o h oh b h oc o aao. B ass a sccc qso hs gad: how s sbco o bco a s o aao? (P, 11). th poca acaos o hsway o phasg h qso shod b obvos: sbco s b ()cosdd o as s o oc

o sd pow b as s o asoav pow Casoads s, o institutingpow. i Bswods, h ac o [h sbcs] appopao ay vov a aao o pow sch ha h pow assdo appopad woks agas h pow ha ad ha asspo possb (P, 13).

i hs spc, Bs qy o h copcy bw sbc-oao ad sbco dads ha wcosd h a o h oh a way ha ops p h possby o sbccao as s-aao.ths qs s o -o osvs hocay o adg o h azao o h oh owadcogzg h a oc o ohg whch, h boads ss, coss hays cav/


10/17

ONSElf-AltERAtION

dscv (poietic) capacy o a h os o s hsoca xsc, o b o wos. th obsac

abg hs oao sds h dcav gs o coca ha ss o occ a h sbcsaga o: od o h sbc o g as powo, od o h sbcs pow ogh sbc ss o coca h oav oc o pow, so ha, as B says, agcy [appaso] xcd h pow by whch s abd (P, 15). i oh wods, h sbc appas o ac a gs os-ay a h og ha acay occds h aooy o s-xvy o b achvd: hs s hdoogca co o a aopoc gs o pos-egh ad pos-roac agay, whhvaas o h s-ad p o vaas o h aooos gs o h As.

ths dssaoo o qo B, h apc vsa whch h sbc podcd by pow bcoshadd as h sbc whofounds pow (P, 16)occs aso a h v o soca so, xcp hoh dco, a po ha B dos o addss. nay, as hsoy has show o b pva, socsd o coca h ow sg oc, poa ad aca, cog hby ahozao o h ogad svva po soca-agay sgcaos ha a coscd as sacs o ascd : God,h ah, h kg, h ao, h coso, h ak, c. idd, v cass o oay sca

socs, hs sacs o ascd a xpcy dd sacd, ad hs sacazao bcos c h os pood xpsso o sbco as sbgao. i hs spc, h oc o sbco doso y coc h psychc doa o sbc oao, b pas o h soca-agay as sch.mos soca-agas ha hsoy ac a hooos so; ha s, os socs sb hs-ag oc gg h azao o pow o s-occao, as Casoads says a oo o.thy p o ()s h pspcv o a xa ahoy o sbco o p ay, o occhooos od.

4. SeXuAl DifferenCe

A cosdao o igaays wok ay b s h, w cosd ha, o a phosophs cdcadsoy lvas shas h pssc, b hs ps cod b h askwsh has pacday ad h oh a h co o h psoogca qs, hby gag s, spcay csvasho, a ov aoy wh whch o co h qso o how ca a pocs o h oh o dsga

o hooos pocs. my obco o dcoxazd ss o ohss as a agdy pphosophca cocp ( hcs, ooogy, o v psychoaayss) o spy as a oa hoca cagoy (ashcs o pocs) s hods.12th ps o ha occaso was o daw ao o how ca hoogcadscoss acd ay agb dcaos o ohss by v o a avaach-k pocss o v casgabsaco. A h hgh o dy pocs dg h so-cad C Was o h a 80s, h Oh hadaady co o a ohg, wh a h sa sgyg ayhg dd aga, oaa,opposoa, o dsachsd. As a oa cagoy, ad ssay pd o hsoca co v whascbd o spcc hsoca s, ohss was sg, i agd a h , a catachresis. i a h ah ay, h Gk ss, as abuse: a kd o a co-y whch, pa agag, asa ssa sssss. i gh b wohwh, howv, o sc h hoca co o h hegsh agag ad cosd addoay h caachss o ohss o sgy a pop as o hss ad abs o h oh, a appopass ha s o ha whov cas h doa o hoh as a ab o absacg ag away o h a hsoca bad. i h cas, y cocas ssay h sa: a absacd, dsbodd oh ds s sassy o ahozg a py

ad oa Oha absos, dd, oaaa Oh. i hs ss, v h os aca hoogybcos a ahozao o hooy, as o cog ohss as a cocpha s, a cocppad by a dcoscb diffrance a h sa ha ashs codos o diffrance o aoh cocps cos.

lvas cay oys hoogy as hooy, b igaay dos. A as, h as a ca an-archic h hkg, v h a wok o hosxa aao, whch ss o ga o hoh h akgs oarche ad telos.13 th aso s h sga poac ha h oo o sxa dc


11/17

StAtHiS GOurGOuriS

has hd o h hogho h acoy o h wok, dsp h obvos shs oogy ad oao

hs wok has ak ov h dcads. radg igaay who achg oo h ss o h vaos s adpodsbackg, ha s, h ohws poa hsoca adg o a ov ha dos dd oowa ccos ad a s coadcoy pahhps s coxaz h ssc o sxa dc as acocp ha acs k a hg o h opg ad cosg o h vaos pahways: o spy a ky cocp,ha s, whos co as sab, qy cophsb, ad asab acoss dscoss, b apsoogca hshod whos cossg qs ad aso podcs a coay ad (ad ag) odo asg ad hkg abo ca qsos (v h sa qsos).

igaay as s o h ac ha sxa dc ca v b dscbd s o sgs o a qao, va da qao. is ahacs, as w, s cacab. ths s o spy bcas h s o qaybw h d pas, bw h sxs, b bcas h wo coasg s o dc caopossby sha a a as o as. ev h os copx da qao o qas o.B h oh, hs cas, s o oo o pcsy, o y o. Sh s a as dob, o o ydob. Sh s p, hogh hady pd as podcos o h o. ths abs h o b o,

o gs as sga psc, who v occpyg h poso o h o. th oh who s aways oad ss ha o s aways s ha o. Ad hs s cao b sgd v by h ahaca capacyo dsga as X, h kow o, h vaab o, h o ha ca hav ay (o ay) vas, h owho ca hav ay acs o ay ac. ths s bcas h ay acs o X bco possbcacaboywh h s o h qao, a qao whch, a pca s-ahozg way, X, hogh s kowpsc, aks possb ad cacab. i s o sxa dc, h oh ds v sg h s oh qao, phaps bcas sh kows (hogh who kows how sh kows?) ha ay qao o whch shgas h ohss w as sxa dc.

i hs spc, igaays ssc o sxa dc asos o a cocp o a psoogcacodo ha ay achs byod h sc a awok o sxa aos. icday, so ha igaay casgy ops o cog h phas as sxd dc (la difference sexu), whch ayb a b awkwad egsh, b s ohss o pcs: sxa dc has ag soa as dosh ac ha dc s s sxd, o as a a o sxay b as a a o dsco bw h

sxs ad psso o hs dsco avo o o sx ov h oh. Sxa dc ho paso as byod sxa aos, scy spakg, bcas s spcc psoogy s aady godd a diffrance, a kd o dcb spaao o h psc o a sp dc s say, a aaboogca dc, o scy spakg, h oa phosophca dc bw S ad Oh. thsdcb spaao abs h sk o cocpaz ohss as a a poso, as a xoywh. th dos copcao o hs posogaways akd by diffrance, as diffrances assa dpa po o ay dao o s-aao, cocpa, psoogca, o psychoaayc.

i hs cox, i wod ho sggs ha igaays ssc o a psoogy o sxa dchas cossy addsp h d s, cocs, o xa agsa dspg h casscphosophca adhc o h vsa, who whch, ay cas, o cocpa possby o h Ohwod hav as. igaay has aways acd as a phosoph h Gk ss as ch as agas hGk ss. (to b povocav, b aso o pcs: as ch as sh acs agas h Gk ss, sh hasaways acd as a phosoph h Gk ss.) O gh ag ha h psoogy o sxa dc

abs a s-ogao o aya ogao o ay wh ay ad by v o ayha as ay possby ha h pocs o h oh gh d s o sp pocs o dy. ihs so o ag, o cod, vy podcvy, pac igaay a h co o h Hga pobac osbccao as sbgao ha w boachd a h os as a dpa po vsgag h acoyo aooy as s-aao. B igaay gh aso b sad o cog hs Hga a as a odo ogag h vsas oay o adoa phosophyhs s a as wha i dsad h o bdog h ss o xs cocd d h Sexes and Genealogies.


12/17

ONSElf-AltERAtION

Sh ds Hga Sittlichkeit, o xap, o b had by a ackowdgd co o a ssd dobss,

h psso o whch cao b xocsd by a pogssv daccs o h sp hsoy. Accodg o hadg o Hg, hs dobss ass o wo sacs: 1) h chas opd bw a pay socaagay (h aw o h acsos) ad s copoay asao (odys acpaoy hcapdca a h fch rvoo)a sypo o o addssg gaogy hsoy as a pob, asnzsch wod shoy ha; 2) h ss h soca agay ops s cogao o a as passs o hsoy, whch scs h ac ha boh a ad hs passag a dcoscby sxd. thwo sacs a obvosy wov as a gaogca pobh psc awok s o y h

xaposo o sxs ad gaogs, b h ac ha a gaogs a socs a sxd. B h scodsac, spccay, abs igaay o dsco Hgs pc (ackowdgd) double nature o h sp.As bcos (pa o) hsoy, a sbad (ad a vy a ss aways sbad) a xcds s b shady aboshd as a: Hsoy s h so whch a scod a, a dob a gows: ca, spaa, whch gos byod s aa poa.14 tha hs so cvas a codo s say, Hgas, a cv socyha dbay (by cssy) occds hs dob a cospods, aphocaya as, o h s-occao o h vsa as dad xoy, as obcv sgay, whch cao

b ay ass, v sc hsoco-poca as, a hoogca (dd hocac) co.

Agas , igaay poposs wha sh cas h hcs o h cop, a da y ha dos o pssh dobss o a hsoy. ths qs ha h hcs o h cop b dsood gh o hdcoscv ahacs o h sx whch s o o. i dsad h gacy o vaos obcoso h xpcy hosxa co igaay gas o h oo o h cop, hogh obvosy hshosxa dob s o a a o sxay b scy o gd. i ay cas, sch cq w ga h dvs s ao o h co o hs g ad ()cosds h o. By ssg o h hcs oh cop igaay chags h oa day os o h hca dad ha pas adoaphosophy, o oy s o Kaa aooy b Hga Sittlichkeitas w:15 th os pow goao pao s h aayss o dscos as sxazd [sexu]ad o . ths ca b dosad whgsc ad soc oos. to dak hs ask s o cop ha xa o s-coscosss haHg ad o ak: xo po dscos s as a co ha s h oco o s os, os haa abay (SG, 138).

Gog ahad o pacc hs so o pao, igaay dsps h capacy o h Hga dacc oacco o sxa dc; ac, sh pos o sxa dc as h po o Hga daccs.Sh dos so bcas sh xps h aw o sx o coadco, pg sad o ascb o a so oc poavy: Sx dos o oby h aw o coadco. i bds ad ods o accooda haogc b dos o coo. focd o oow ha ogc s daw o a c ga ha ovs aawayo (SG, 139). igaay abs hs o ak hs ag by akg Hg ay, a hs wod,ha soca aco s b a ab ()aco o h sp. i ha spc, sh s gh o po o haaoay, h dspazaoha h ack o ackowdg o sxa dc bgs oha aos. fa ogh, b i cao ss ssg ha, whav gh b Hgs absos aspaos gads o h vaos bods o v py o h Sp, h dacca hod s s o vpossb xcp as a poav pocss whch s, oov, o v spy chaaczd by ss bby boa d psoao: as a ss o sacs wh o s, bcos, acs as a ohdd, v asa oh wh os. igaay ss caos h o o b dsood s o a vga Hgas,

whby, as daccs s cood o coao o dy, ay h o s dcd o h oh(139). ths s o h occaso o dv o dsps ov paos o Hg, b hs cao s cssay.Hga daccs ca b dssocad o h ach o h Sp, as a oos ad vasy vad pcssoo Hga dacca paccs ha c Hgas o co (o max, o Adoo ad Ba, ok, B, o, i wod ag, igaay hs), a a, ss. Daccs s a poav hod whosco s ho aways povsoa ad occasoa, (ov)dd by whav ay b h hsoca opsc dads o h dacca sac.


13/17

StAtHiS GOurGOuriS

B ha as ay, wha ss s h s o igaays ogh ca ha h s o dacc bw h

sxs b ha Hg as (as dos a adoa phosophy) bcas h gvs o hogh o h vg bgas a sxd bg (SG, 139-140). to hk h wo assos ogh, o gh say, as Wa Ba dd hs ow way, ha oy a daccs o h vg ay as. igaay adds h obvos b dpy pssdqacao: as a dcby sxd. ths s o say, so ay wods, ha h aby o phosophyo co o s wh sxa dc aks o as o . B igaays gad po, ad ho os cca o o qy, s ha h vsay adoa phosophy podcs s ssay achod osc ahacs, capab (v avy a sacs) o copag coadco, y vh dcg coadco o sga s o whby h gy o h opposd ags (sbc-obc, s-oh, a-woa, hsoy-a, a-xa, c.) ay as oa, spaa, adcosd. Agas hs, igaay ags ha h vsa s s ohg o ha a dao: o h o had,hsocay spakg, bcas hays yag o s spa a aways cos p agas h cssyo s wodss, ad o h oh had, bcas hays wodsswhav gh b h ghs osp o pgs o pssos s a cosa ao o h pobac o sxa dc, apobac ha gss pcsy h oos xpd o sgcaoa gy o ac . 16

th gs o dpcg h vsa as dao aso as a dsabzg h qao by whch h go Oh ds s o ca hoogca agasoohsc os, o b s. Dsp igaays owpca vs a ca cpao o gos sgcaos (whh h oaczd vocaoso ay Chsay o h ogad xocs o Hds o Bddhs cagos), sh ohsssccds akg ay coc a h sa ha sh aks sxa dc hsoca ohwods, h pay codo hays podco o ag h a wod. i h sa way hah psoogy o sxa dc xposs h vsa as dao, cogs ay as a wodycodo, d by s po o hsoy wh a h sa d as psychc gy o haasoao. As hshod o hsoy, sxa dc dsas h shs o abso, ooogcaay dhoogzs ay. i s, o cos, baa o pay doco o h ha oohss h hoogca sypo o a paachca agay. th s-cogaaoy dso o ss vaosnw Ag dscoss ha k o o God as Sh aks o a sg coao o h sbgaoo hs agay, o a wha gh b h s psos. God cao b a Sh h sa ss

ha a wod codcd s o a a agay cao possby v oohs. A sx whchs o o cao ag a god who s y (ad oy) O. Woshppg h Abso Oh, h O(ad oy) Oh, paayzs h cods o a op ao o h oh. moohs chas a obsssowh h pow o h Oa obssso wh sbg o a oopoy o powo h woshp o habso, ascda Oh. ths dvoo o h O who s h Oh aks gag wh ohssay possb. i s a sac wh sbccao by as o h pow o sbco s, vy spy,capacao, p hooy.

5. PrAXiS/POiSiS

ths ass h os sa poca qso o a: Ca a pocss o sbc-oao ha aks pac dscyhogh a pocss o sbco cod as p sbgao podc a aooos sbc? to p dcy,cao how caa aooos sbc g o o a hooos od? Obvosy, skg h so h aooos sbc, i do o a o sggs a s-cosd, s-spposg, acsssc sbc,

sspdd h ahsoca vod o s ow ssc. P aooy s s a hoogca cocp, v Kas goos aoas d. i pas o a s-a, aoogca ag ha h oohscd ac, ay ooyhca d, as h Ga phosoph Odo maqad has so csvy pabs o h o ad oy pow o sgcao. i a phosophca agag, h a i a hai a s h a o h oa abs o Bg, cdg, o cos, a h possb agags o Bg,h pay o whch s aboshd by h osc soc ha abs h. ths, sch p (aooos)ooogy cao b ad, cao b psd. By xso, cao hsoy bcas caokow hsoy cao kow ayhg oh o wha kows absoy, whch s (ad ca oy b) s.


14/17

ONSElf-AltERAtION

Hc, cao chago y hsoy, b ayhg a a, cdg s. no oy dos hs Bg o

kow ay; has o agad os sgcay, o self-alteringpows. A s os x, ayb sad o xs as abso ay o soo s, soo who bvs hs/h bg o b dd by, dvd o . i oh wods, hs abso ad aoogca qao o Bg--s has ag oy a hooos vs o ags, a vs whos sgcao s gaad by h psc o aachab, ab, ad appoachab Oh who pcds ay aav ahozao.

i h way Casoads dsads , vy ch agas h ga o adoa phosophy, aooy caxs oy as poc: a v-psy sagd poc whos pay codo o ( arch) s xpcydaw o h capacy o s-aao. ths as a arch ha aways bgs aw, otheredho,a archha -ahozs s as a oh. thas why aooy as xpc s-aao s o so acyway o cosdg s-coso, o autopoisis. i ac, as a v-sagd ad v-pd arch, s-aao ds a cvd paadgs o s-coso asb, cosb cas. fo hsadpo o s-aao, h aooos sbc gags a kd o ab s-dao,whby boh h s ad h da s a d ppa ogao. i a s,

by aooos sbc i a cosdg h a sbc who aks h awa po o h awwhos ospzd achv s h ss ogao o h aw s ag: s o a, aws gc, adh s a awok ad scao, s ahozao ad caoca xco, ad os o a, saxa pspo o ahoy. to b h po o h aw s s ad oos o cogz h xsco h aw o as ascda dso b as hsoca pvg. ths s aao o hkg o hsbc (whh o os o os socy) as a hsoca y, whos god s ohws abyssa, whosarchs da, ad whos telos s ohg oh ha h vy poc o s-ogad, wody, oaxsc.

i s ca wha soca-hsoca codos a dd o sbccao o ak hs o. i s sa o say,howv, ha soca aooy s hady a aa codo o ha-bg. i ca oy g as hpraxis/

poisis wh a ca soca-agay, whch sy dos o a ha s h xpsso o appcaoo a ca soca-agay. O h coay, sch a sac, h adca ogao o h so os xsc wod b s h god opraxis/poisis, cogzac o s ohws ooogca

godssss. Aooy s possb who ss s-ogao, h ss ha aooy caob aad oc ad o a b s b, by do, op o so (.., aao), whos s caob s osd h pocss o aao. Coay, h, o adoa oos o aooos sbcvy whch,o way o aoh, cao avod qag s-dao wh h s-pspposo o boh og add, Casoads oo sss o a op g whch h s o boh sbc ad aooy ada as a a ophysis. th dao o ha psaby dsgshs h doa oao bw sbc ad obc, a ad xa, dvda ad socy, c., s aways a pocadao, a a o nomos.

to cocd, wod b ssa o add, oowg hs Casoada oogy, ha aooy sgs apaca sbao: a pocs o sbao ha coos h doa hooy xpcd by hpsych wh cos h soca-agayh a o sbco Bs s; h ac osxa dc igaaysas h pas o/ h oc o aao s. ths so o sbao wodac a sbc whos psychc cpo o socys Vorstellungacd, , by h psychs asao

o socys agsc/acv/psaoa x o s ow swod coss a poietic xpc:a poav xpc o s-ohg, whch oov sgs h o s-a poc paso ag os wod. i hs spc, ss ap o ca joh Cags o qod phas A s saaopovdd, howv, ha w do ak o a a so o asc dpo o s-acazao( so nw Ag ss), b ha s-aao as h co pocss by whch o wody xsc cab adcay asod, whch s aso, a a, h dps sgcac o a: h adca asgaoo o. to hs d, s-aao cao b cocpazd o acad h s as a oowh h sgyg s o dy. th pocss o s-aao s dady o h sovgy o dy.


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StAtHiS GOurGOuriS

i pspposs abs ad posa identicide: h s-dssoo o h s, o aoh do, h

podco o o-dy as s-asoav oc.17

Stathis Gourgouris s Posso o Copaav la a Coba uvsy, ad h ahooDream Nation (Saod uP, 1996) ad Does Literature Think? (Saod uP, 2003), ad do o aohcog voFreud and Fundamentalism (fodha uP). H s cy a wok o wo books:The Perils of the One adNothing Sacred.


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ONSElf-AltERAtION

nOteS

1. S Aschya Ahopogoy ad Sophoca S-Cao oAnthropos Figures of the Thinkable, H Aod as.(Saod uvsy Pss, 2007), 1-20 ad Ce qui fait la Grce (Pas: S, 2004).2. th wh vovg aod a axs s a abso ooogca cao. i s a ga cao, wghs, ooogcay,o ha a w gaaxy ha wod as ooow vg o o ohg bw h mky Way ad h Adoda. fothere are already os o gaaxsb h pso who vd h wh, o a w sg, was ag ad pagnothinga a. i Cos Casoads, The Imaginary Institution of Society, Kah Bay as. (Cabdg: mit, 1987),197.3. fo a c sch xap, s la Va eyd, Casoads Bachad: aga paag Cahiers critiquesde philosophie 6, S 2008, 179-178.4. Cos Casoads, Do ad to B Do The Castoriadis Reader, Davd As Cs, d. (Oxod: Backw, 1997),396-397.5. Casoads aboas o hs ow hoy o sbao a ga gh hs sga wok The Imaginary Institution ofSociety (mit Pss, 1987), b o a cocs dpco o hs psychoaayc hoy ga ( whch sbao ad, ocos, s-aao pay a ca o), s aso h psychoaayc sco h coco o ssays World in Fragments

(Saod uvsy Pss, 1997), 125-212 adFigures of the Thinkable, 153-222. fo a aboao o hs ca cossoads Casoads wok (ad a pdca o hs sco h) s y ssay Phosophy ad Sbao Thesis Eleven 49 (Spg1997), 31-43.6. A ad ad hogh-povokg dscsso o how h psychc oad ay ac/b acd by h aooos sbcs codcd by Soph Ks Dc psab, o co d dcb oga Cahiers Castoriadis 3(Bxs: facs uvsas Sa-los, 2007), 25-54.7. foos h s dcosco o h pobac o h S, o cos, has b h wok o jdh B has wo dcads. As o h os gosy dag vocao o h chca abyss o h Swhav poshss aks o hod o o a i c poca xs i wod sc The Coming Insurrection paph, h fs Cc o whchshod gsd by s a as cabpharmakon.8. rag wha i od a h os, h /o dsco s s a g o hoca sss. ths s osay ha h dsco s agss; ah, s ag s a coscd codo o dc, as w bco vd h dscsso ha oows.9. jdh B, The Psychic Life of Power(Saod uvsy Pss, 1997), 3-4. Hcoh cd h x, as P, oowd bypag b.10. O h os xs Casoads has w o hs as, h os ssa s th Sa o h Sbc today

World in Fragments, Davd As Cs d. (Saod uvsy Pss, 1997), 137-171.11. Casoads dscv ak o h acs ao o h oh s h co o h ohs covby, ha s, habso bag o h ohs possby o g h doa o h s, a poa oo o cosd h hsocaqy o h pocs o gos covso. ths paca dscsso s s cooboag h dso o aohss, b spaks o a ch boad doa ha cao b, hs cox, adqay da wh. S Casoadsrcos o racs World in Fragments, 19-31 ad th Psychca ad Soca roos o Ha Figures of the Thinkable,153-159.12. S O h Caachss o Ohss Dream Nation (Saod vsy Pss, 1996), 267-282. th og hsdscsso was codcd a h ad s sby Gaya Spvaks wok.13. ths dos aogh a sh avods apsg o a ca hoogca ascdas o occaso. S, oxap, h c ssays Appoachg h Oh as Oh Between East and West(Coba uvsy Pss, 2002), 121-130 ad la ascdac d a Autour de lidoltrie , Bad Va m d. (Bxs: Pbcaos ds facsuvsas Sa-los, 2003), 43-54. B a as, igaay s ca o a o hos posos ha dca ohsspsoogcay o s, hos who bs a h sggso ha o ca spak o h poso o a oh. Wh idsad sspco agas pazg dscoss ha psd ov oopos o psao by poxy, h gh so b codcd scy o poca gods. i ca v b a ooogca ag. i psg o p os h

poso o a oh, o dos o sv o be h ohh vy aw o poavy dos o aow . i ac, aks possb. O o h os aca, adca, ad ovg xaps o how o ca dd spak o h poso o hoh cogzac o h possby o being the others, o y d, ja Gs as wok, Un captif amoureux (1986).14. lc igaay, th uvsa as mdao (1986) Sexes and Genealogies, Ga C. G as. (nw Yok: Cobauvsy Pss, 1993), 133. Hcoh cd h x as SG, oowd by pag b. i cao ss pog o hahs s pcsy wha Ba ad Adoo aso pcvd as a pob Hg ad apd o sov s by h dao aa hsoy ad a by daccs a a sads ad gav daccs spcvy. th oo o hsoy asscod a (as scod a) s a cocp ha Adoo v abadod. nh o h, o cos, addssd hsda ao as a a o sxa dc, dsp vaos saos.


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StAtHiS GOurGOuriS

15. Cosd ha o o h ky gs Hgs hozao oSittlichkeits Ago, who Hg v v as

as bg hs possby a bod o hubris soa as sh oo sags, o h ow sadpo (ga hogh s),a pocs o monos phroneinh dogac sgay o xcpg os o h pos. i hav vwd hs ss a gh Phosophys nd o Ago Does Literature Think?(Saod uvsy Pss 2003), 116-157.16. is ssa o o h ha, wh ay hav cczd igaays a wok as a kd o sog o poso, h pos o o sc osvs o a od o vaao ha pss h poca o b spo o h vocav. no dob,igaay, h a wok, wss wh h acao o a acpaoy has, a has ha pocds hoghs ow sbao ad h sbao o h s o so-cad 60s-70s fch hoy whch igaay was a qsoabpoagos. O o h a ags o sbao, s o og, s h psvao ( albeit in an altered relation) oh sbad s hs cas, h cq o adoa has. (HgaAufhebungas hod, o as as o ads a xpay g o s-aao.) i wod ag ha igaays wsg wh h poc o a acpaoyhas ds a ch ga ad shap gavy o h s, ad spccay o h ps o sxa dc asa psoogca codo ha xpods a h co o h hsoy o hogh. Ad i wod add ha h dscoo whh a has s aaogos o wha s xpssd agas h a wgs o edwad Sadboh cass ad by sasapphsos, hogh obvosy h doas o dscsso a d.17. A ky o dsadg wha s a sak h wod b A Casos sposDecreation (2006). i o o oybcas dsvs o b od, b aso as a boa d aso ops h way dd o sohg s, o whch

a ps i cao b a s.

on self-alteration

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