FOR OFFICLAL USE ONLY

GOVERlill'·1E.NT OF INDIA

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

(DEPARTHENT OF AGRI. & C00PERATION)

REPORT ON

FORESI RESOURCES SURVEL

OF

"t-®tJASI FOREST DIVISION

(l-WIARASHTRA STATE)

FCREm'---8t~ OF INDIA

CEJJTRAL ZONE

NAG PUR

1982

n .. "c;<)U.rces survey was carried out in Mewasi Forest :::>L "j s iO'1 of Maha l:'Cl shtra St.ate 'over an area of abo ut 1201 .. 2C' sq.km:: .. lIith 712 .. 5 6 sq .. km of forested area.. The ma 10,r j:h1rtibn of the survey area lies in the adminis-l:..ra·tive uoi t ;.s of To ludha & Akka lkua tehs ils of: Dhule Distric t of fJt2naras[1'I:ra '.lnd is adjoining to .Surat Circle of GujClrat ~3· ta~:e. ':-1,'2 survey was complet,ed in March, 1978 ..

T r.(=, n\il in object tve of the survey ha s b e en to es'tiolate the growing stock of Me wasi Forest. Divisioo.o The project drea has a gro\dng stock of about 2.1 .. 9 Clillion m3 of '.Iiood -:3nd ~b()ut 3500 tonnes of bamboo.

'~'hree strat.a of vogetation;:·l ·."..1z. the Teak t' ores-t·::; , M.iscel1aneous Forests and the Mis cellaneous with Tenk Fore :;:;t!5 were id~'l'ttfied. The per hectare as \'.rell a s t he total s·tccking by sp8cies and diameter classes for all ::he s e strata }~ve been given in the report.

It \s hoped that ·the data furnishe d l'llOuld be u~jeful for future planning of forestry development f o r the t r act.

Thanks are dUe to t he officers and s taff of Mahac~ 5htra S ·tatG FGX'€!s'c Depa.r:-tment by whose a ctive cooperation it was po~s i b le to success fully carry out the survE:Y ..

A .• B., Chnudhuri Direct.or For est Seavey (if India De_h.:c.:.<:!_ c! ~ {il

Paragraph number --,-

1.0 1 .1 .1 1.1.2 1 .1.3 1 .1.4 1 .2.1 1.2.2 1.2 .. ] 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1 .9.1 1.9.2 1.9.3 1 .10 1 .11 1.12 J _, 1]_~ __ _

1 .14 1 .15

2.1 2.2 2.3 2 .. .1.-2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8

3.1 3.2 3 .3 3.4

- 3.5 3.6 3.7 3~8~.-. 3 . 9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents

CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION

General Location Administrative unit Survey area Boundaries Pbysiograpey Altitude Drainac;e Climate Geology Rock and Eoil Land utilisation In:frastructure Population Socio-economics Forests Teak Forest Hiscellaneous with Te~. F.or..est ~scellaneous Forest Legal status Demarca-t.ion & Forest Sett18ment Rights and Privileges Existing pattern of utilisation Available Forest Resources informat10n Maps and pho·tography

CHAPl'ER 11- INVESTIGATION AND NETHDDOLOG1:

Obj ective .Aer.ia.l Reconnaissance Inventory Design Dotails of Inve n tory Design Format i'or Data Colle ction Data for brunboo He ight Volume s tudy Field work

CHAPTER III - DATA ANALYSI~

General Manual processing Processing on Unit· Record l1achine Processing on Electronic Computer Calculation of' Area Volume calculations Stand tables stock tables GrO\oJing s tock by utilicy- c l asse s

page No.

3

1 1 1 1 1 1 z 2 2

2 2

:3 :3 3 4 4 4-?

5 Ii (; 6

9 9 9 9 q

10 10 11

-ii-

-_. ----..... _._- -- ---._-..... _-_ ...... _-_1 ___ ~ _ ________________ ~2~ ____________________________ __

3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17

4.1 .. 4.1.1

4..1 .. 2 4.1 • .3 4.2 4.3 4.4

1 .3.2

h.3..3

1.3.4 1.3.5 2.0

3.0 4.0

4 .. 1

4.2 t p .3 4 .4 4 .5 4 .6

~-5.1 .1 5.1 .2

5 .1.3

5 .2.0

5 . 2 .1 5.2.2 5 . 2 .3

Estimation of error for growing stock Bamboos Clumps per hectare CuJ..ms per clU!IIp Culms per hectare Total cuJ.ms Bamboo stock in Tonnes (Green weight) Bamboo stock in Tonnes (D~ weight)

Invento~ results A:rea Number of trees Volume Bamboo Stock Ann),lal yield Bamboo yield

Forest Area of Mewasi Division Estimate of the Forest "Area of Mewasi Division under Tree and open forest Distribution .of Total Area (Vegetational, classes Tree Forest and open forest) Topography

-do-Slope classes Distribution of Total Area (Vegetat;ionaJ .. classaB Tree Forest and open forest) _ Position on slope

-do- Size classes -do- - Forest ~JPe

Total Area and Volume per hectare (W) and standard 6rror poro.antage :for di.:L:rerent ,forest types

- "Local volume Table Overbarlc vo~ expressed as percentage of under bark volume Plywood volume expressed as perc entage of under bark voJ .. ume Saw wood volume Pole wood volume Pulp wood volume Fue11vood volume No utility wood volume No. of stems per hectare

- do-

- do-

-do--do--do-" - do--do-

- Fores:t 'JYpc Teak Forest 1YPo Miscellaneous Forest Type Hisc. with Teak

I No. Of stems in thousands by" speci es and dLo"1JDe ter (All Forest ~JPes combined)

-do- Fore s t T,ype -do- Forest T,ype -do- Forest ~e

Teak Miscellaneous Mise • with TeaJ<

14 15 15-15 15" 15 15 16

17 17 17 18 19 19 21

24 24

25

25

25 25 25 26 Z7

.2$

29 30 .31 :32 .3.3 .34 .35 Y7

39

41

4:3 45 47

-i:l..:i-

-1-----·--------------;:;2----,---------------3'

6.1 .1 6.1.2 6.1 ~3

6.2~0 6.2.1 6.2.2 6",2.3

7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4-'f.~ ... 5-7.1.6 7.2.1

7.2.2 7.2.3 7.2./,_ 7 .2~5 7.2.6

'7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 7.3~5 7.3.6 7·4

8 ·<;> .'" 8.3_1 8.3.:: Et~4.1 8.L: .• 2 8.5.1 r3.5~2 8.6.1 3.6.2 9.1

9.2 10 .. 1

10.2

Volume per hectare in forest ~c -do-

- Teak - Hisc.

-do- - Misc. vrith Teak

Volume in thousand M3 All Forest Combined VOl"J.illC in thousand M3 Forest '!Ype Teak

-do- Forest T.Ype Misc. -do- Forest T.Ype Hisc. l-lith

Teak PJ.ywood volume (n?) per hectare _ Forest -~e - Teak Sm·, wood volume (m3) --do-Polewood vohuue (m3) -do-Pulpyrocd -volume (mJ) -do-Fueh.rood-vol.(m.3) per hectare _ Forest 'IYpe - Teak No utility- wood volume ( .. -0) -do-P~TOod Vol. M3 per heotare -- Forest -Type - MisceLla­

neouS

Salv\-lOod Vol. ra3 3 -do-Pole wooe Vol. m -do-Pulp'-'Iood Vol. ~ -do-li'uBluood Vol. m -do-No utility wood Vol. ~ -do- \lith PJ.,ywood. Vol~ m33per hectare Forest -Type 1-.1isc ·LTe..-'l.k Saw wood Vol. m 3 -do-Pole wood Vol. m -do-Pulpwood Vol. m3 -do-Fuclwood Vol. rn-3 -do-No util:i.;ty wood Vol. m3 -do-Vol.. per hectare (m3) cy utili.:tzy- classes in di.~~crent Forest ~es EstL~ate o~ Bamboo area ~ quality classes Mean no. o~ clumps/ha MAG.n no. of: B.<unboo cuJ . .ms/ c:i.urop by Age Mean no. o~ Bamboo culms/cl.unrp by souncllleS$ Mean no. of Bamboo CulmG/llD. by soundness Hean no. of T}runboo cuJ.:ms/ha b.Y Age Total- no. of: cul.ms in thousands b.Y SOlUldneSS

Totnl no. of culm::; in thousands h-.r Age Stock of Bamboo in Tonne s l:y soundness Stock of Bamboo in TOlU1.GS cy Age No. of Culms in thousand b.Y soundness in Bamboo coupe :No. of culms in thousand cy Ago in Bamboo coupe E stimate d Tonnage of Bamboo stock ey soundness -classe s in a coupe Estimated Tonnage of Bamboo stock by Age classes in a cOupe

Ap p e ndix I Coding instructi ons. for Field work AppandL~ II- - General volume e quations Appe ndix III - Local volume equat ions

Ii..lustr.ations . __ ' Layout of 2-~fx2;!T grids . on 1:63360 or 1: 50~OOO s cale map

" J.,..'1.y out of plots in.a... grid

4-9 50 51

52 53 54 "5

56 '37 5S 59 59 60 61

62 63 64-65 06 67 6S &:J 70 71 72

S5

sh--1i9-$ 13~rJ40 1.4.11 ... :11 ::1,2

7

s

F I- C J Y A t-

; ") AC, AM

'" '1 \ ~

.... A --- (

~ ) -

•

I--U)

T LJ..J a:: >(

• 0 LL.

~ -z ~

U)o

z~=~ «_ ~~ >- >- >-a:: ..,_ <t a::p:: w> (.) a:: CI etet

(/) <t Z OCI

:2- w CI :::;) Zz (.) z 0 :::;)':) 0 z a m gg W aJ Z

LL. n:::: 0 LLJ-l

0 W LLJ en ~CI) LJ.._ t- Z::J: UJ

<[ > <[et t-.0:::: en CI a:: .....

a... « 2

.~ ..

...

...

/ :..-/

(

\

.. I

\

\__.. " "-_-

'" .,., "- '\ 0

.c c

";:J & ,...,

" en

9' ~ ~4 .

~

~ . 4- 0-

or ( L. - t ~ et

CI ) 0 -l ~ r t- _,,_ _-

~ _-

r

.. .~ ......... ~i) .. ",.I'-C' • .. •• ... " .8;' ~ ::,

.:= J • ~ ,,- ..

"_ 0'-'.

CHAPTER - T

INTRODUCTION

I .. "" 1.0 General : Me':rtsi Forest Division of Maharashtra state wal;l created lV -the am.:J,.]_.<grunat,ion of the erstl-lhile estates of Katlri., Rais::ingpur, Naill, Navalpu:r: d S::inghpur of Dhule district, acquired under -the provisi.ons of the M~l11" c.shtro. Acquisition of Private "Forest Act, 197'5, and the existing aloda Range area of North Dhule Forest ;Division.

• AI? the bu:L1;: of the forest area of this division wa.s recent]Jr ~uired no ::information about the forest resources of the tra.ct uas

.......... a.,,8::Llable "\-lith the state Forest Department. The state Forest Department, ther~fore, desired to undertDke an inventory of the forest resources of Met.rasi Forest Dj_vision throug11. t.h.e Pre-investment Survey of' Forest Resources Organisation which incidentalJ;y coincided with the finalizu­tion of prel:im:i..nru:'"y- works :Ln respect of resource inventory of Surat Circle of Guj arat State forming contiguous and adj oi.n:ing area to Mewasi Forests.

The designing, plc'"l.!lni.ng and organisation for the inventory of Surat Circle had already h€)en completed. Since the n P.-noyo preparation for a sepc'1.rate planning of Me\oIasi f'ore::;t inventory wcuJ.".: 'involve much time, it HaS decided that the design already finalised :fo.-r Surat circle inventory would be adopted for the forests of Mewasi Division. As a consequence of this it was expected that the est:i.Jnntion of the grow::ing stock of Newasi forests would not b e withfu the usual precision of ± 10%. . Ho.wever, since no resource inf'ornm.tin..'1. qf' the tract was a~'ailable even a less precise informution waS desiruble.

1.1 ~

1.1.1 Location: The Sury~ area l£es between 210

_ 311 to 21~- 54' North latitude and 73°_ 48' to 74°_ 23' &'1.8t longi.tudes.

1.1.2 Administrati.ve 'Unit : The survey orea comprises of TalodhD, and .Akka]Jcua Te4...slls of Dh@_~ District of lvIaharashtra.

1.1.3 Area: The area figures reported qy the Divisional Forest Officer, Mewasi Forest 'pivision m'e as under · :

Geographical Area

1 201 .20 Sq .KIn.

Forest Area

712.56 Sq.Ktns.

% Forest Area

59.32

1 .'1.4 BoundDries: The survey area is bounded -in the North by the Normada river, :in the East by the Shahada T...hsil of Dhule District, in the Sout...'I-J. by the Tapti river and in the West by the Bharuch District of Gujarat state .•

1.2.1 ~ysiographz: The Satpura hill ranges traversing East to west divide the area into u~o distinct physiographic zones viz, the Northern hilJy region and the fertile a lluvial plains in the South. The NarJll,o'l.dl1 river skirts the Northern boundary of this ~ tract. The forests are main:cy- confined to this stretch, but for a narrow strip ove r the gentl e slopes alon g the Southern most f'oot hiJ.ls of Satpura

-2-

Ranges. The i'e:r:tile ~u"'lial plain t!le South bet,.reen the .Tapt.:i. ';:uid ·t1)0

is confined to a. narrow belt in South~n £oot hills hI: &"l.t],"'l1.tra. ",. '"-',

1 .2.2 l.J_t~tu'de: The:survcy are,a, is spr,ead, 1;lctween 1 <J7 M above MSL to 1286 '~1 above' l-1SL. ....1 '-

• ~ ,~ I

1 .2.3 Dru:inage: Iiarrn.:'l.® and Tapti are the two'rna:in rivers. The Northern SLopes drain into llormada and the Southerp slopes along 'vlith thtD' If']h,-C, <fo:rtr.i..l..<!r.r;pla;:l!n @:'~l, :irr..t() Tapti riveI;' ..

I ' 'lI t. (f. .1 I ,.9 4:hi.o:n!:ltn:£;J.Iri~mn.w4 'tb.~ c_j,;iliate is "hot "and dry, but th~ p;Laces l6ca-ood",irl mglier hi.lly tpp.c-ts ,ar~ ca;rtpfu'ative:cy- coo1.ap ,and p1.cas~t durm~ ~"Ol1lc:I:' '.mont.lJ.,~.: t)The, me~n, tlk'UCilmm +,8J'lperetu:::'G bi' ·~riJ_odha., is 49

0C and t'runn. ~l;i.,} 13 n,~ ~

The mmuaJ... prcGiuitat;ion .. Lll1i..nly from 8auth ...: '.<[estern monsoons is a b.~ut, 800 Illlfl.

1 .4 Geology, Rock & Soil : The main rock -i'or.ma:tion over the sUrvey urea. is D0-cocn Trap 0:1;' bcisnli:,ic or,:Lgin. The broad soil types derived 'from basalts are co~se ~hallo\-1 soils in the hills, medium black in the '£oot hill slopes, n.nd deep bln.ck nnd £ertile along t11,e Tapti r .iver. The do",'p bla.ck soil o£ Ta1..odl~a is wic_ely known for :its ooaring qunli-cy- for ca~h crans l:i..Y.:e sugor.cnn~ and cctton.

1.5 L'J.\1.d Utilization: As 'observed in .:pa:r.a 1.1 .. ,3" about 59% of' the 'tot[lJ': lAnd ie under the. control of' Forest De~xU'tmcnt. AbouJ

" 40% land ,is :11ndcr agricp};:t::ure ;Leavi~ a s!!,'.::2l extc't'lt ;"'tl,q.ar at.heI;' l;:U1d v_se, ,s.

1 .6 Inf'rn.structure

1.,E:r.1_ 'Roads .= ~alesh"lor - Burhanpur State Highwny passes through tho Div::Ls:;i.on, t':f91Jl U¢.'Jt: to E.~st, bonncc-t,i:ng Tal-OM anc;i Akka..lkua. Too-Bil ~Eec:A~unr-lJerE? ~·tnEr m.~riSb6n, 'thes,a t,.J'o tot!f1.S. are cut, of'f' as .. tqere ,a,+,.0, :no high level culverts on the nalJ..:"\has, \.J'4~ch oi't~n get flooded by t.h~ back \"p.tars o..;t~ Tapti f'louL'1.g rilIilost· prir1lllcl. to high way. As there is no bd .. <tgo acros s t.ho Tapti river lrr-.pcrt.ant to-vms ;LiJ-;:o Nn.ndUrb~, ~hj,ch is Oy;)y 18 lcm!7. a,..,.1ey frOIl! ~3.1pd'h..a, ,nrc' not access~ble durin,g monsoon.

The pluin or gentJy -sloping areas along the foot h:ills _.!.l!!e_ ".co!UJ.oc;t¢d Qv viD .. uec TOq.ds and £'orest roaC41 of' 56 lans. in lc%-rth.

These roadS are not, in usc durLJ.~ mongoon.

In hilly tract, Mulgi is the only place connected by j~_pablc road 'vlit..l-)_ ".i\J&aJJrua,' and 11. t:::!tal road via. Dhargnd. Beyond f1'..ll.~ t1).ere is ~1.0 ])1::>torahl.e trac~. 'r.'he [1.cceSS· to remote areas o£ North and' j-.Jorl,h-Wost is ±rom the adj oining area uf E-<tst Raj pirlc- .ci visi..o:"l of' Guj nrat S+';':Lte~ Tb.cre 5.3 no rail J.::.ne. in this tra.ct~

J)uo ·t,Q 'poor ilurastruc'ture, tho coIDrrruru.cation syst....."'lIl is .,.not, properly aQveloped •

. {.1' population : 'The Ilopula-tion 0:1;' thQ tract ~ 1.49 lakhs as p<-...r tho ,District' Stat:1.st:icoJ. 0.bst.rti:ct. Tho dotallfl of popuJ..,-'l.tion

figures ~c as follows :_

1 • 2~

3 ..

Total populntion 'R.L'.~~n..l.. p opulatj.on e:-:-jYl.n pop-..:1a+-ion SC'1.cdnloc.'.. castc SchcciuJ_CCf tri bo

G,' : .ti\T'.'t +.f)r s f· Fr~~--_'-"_ll tt--'-'o If'b0urcrs T.:ivc si...ock, .f"'o:,:, ce 'tTy , f'j 8hi>'\g & h..1Y'tj,ng }'rbJ j:1.g & QUarryi.."lg

149 132

-17 3

114·

:i~Q!_

2S 27 ~.

* j·",,-r.:.u "'actl..:':>:'o, ~)rcccssing rHpn:;"r./5 & bow:JchcJ.d industries Ot;heX' hOlls '3ho:'d ~'-:r~c;ustr:i,8s Crr.~; CrJO ~~ on

1 (~~ Population less t,ha.T1. 50)

6. 7. e~

9· 1 (J.

11 • 12.

Tr.::vlo p~ Ijo:cmcrcc

~.~~~.p~:;.x ,Mo ' ,

{;the.. "'0- V1CCS

T o"L.-1.l. "r::,.d~r"::-l3 l~o:n. WOj~ks1:'S

2

2 60 C9

Total. 149 -----~. -

1 .. 8 Sooio ~.C0no:mic Structure : From tho tibcvc population sta·G~t:.i.r__&:':,':t.c;:;:'_0-?'""m:-:c;rth9.t,} tho eco~onw of the tract

---:i..--n-·"%i.n·ly rtc.c·al un--:l agricuJ "lvral,. Pr0gTcssivc cul:tiyntors nrc rnostJ.y confined to tl:1c naX"_:;;'olJ .f'(')rt:'~q 'bolt n10:Ue H10 'ra12ti, ,-]horo cash c:!'~oJ?s li.k-3 BU,'Z,·[l.r-Ca-r..o and ,co't/-e;o.h ·nro g0:1.0ralJ.,:r gr('l.I.u. 'iloi-rov.-;r; :i_n r__j~y o?-T0'l.S, :i.r,r<"'.bi.+·cd ::r<r T~~;i_}XIl.S ,. agr:l.'~'1...1.t·.:L-e :i.e lll'.dor J.ov01opoc'-,

Tho entire survny nrco. b"'i.::'t'ing nurrO\-1 b elt along t,ho Ta,·)ti :i_s econor~_('q_lly back\fG.rd~

-:I ~ 9 F0rc>9ts : The :for e::-ts of Hm-msi Division nrc mainly deciduous i1'l. naturc--,:--~or,H.ni: to Cbr<lT::pi>;D a-n"d 0rd;h: s rGvised clns~::'.f"ic~d:~on 9£ I·'ores"t Type ~_.6I Indi',,-, t ·"lC8C. -r"').J' '''' .,+"8 :fell in Ma.in 7v:~)(~ I.Dry Ti'Opj_0~.J... - Teak Forc.:rts (5L/C"1 b). GO::1s~.clcr.? l.-ic lo~nl variation is observed, in c..l-tc t:1"pe mling -e.G coil !;,(;::t·t:_!'C\. c!<:.lpth f) i- 8("0" tOD0'Vn:i . .-ihy and 1Jic t,ic fac 'cors., 'On tho' 'b"8 :Ls_.c..::: _ -:,v __ SQ f'n.cto"::~:L.:[ol' .mling..)..ocn.J_ :t;7pGS arc :Ldent.l.f:i.cd.

1 • Toru<: Foros"Gs 2 .. Mj .sC(, u._ ...... n oo1J.s wit;b Teak Forests 3. Mj_8cql la;.1.COU S Forests -

1 . 9 .1 :~~~t_I272!-2: ':!:hi_s type of f'n-::'oct, extends along the foot hi.l.l.s._.o:f' $ 'J:tp 'x a .t.J:l ::..l:lc._.M.f3t.1-:33 ':; 'l:Lr~ct-;_()r. a.'"J.d ",}cHr :L1'l !'lorrOlrl b 01 t or ahout. 1 "':.:; J l-r:rns in widi~h on~l u.bcu';~ 1';; "t,o 20 lap9 ~1_crig'-,l:~S' TI1C torrain "it? <,l"'1ost flat .:<.n:i r,ho soil is d~ep Ea."1CiY :!..oa."U. c c c'l.;.;i0nwJ .J..y c.t"_:'lngil1.r;

-/~

to deep black soil tendj.ng towards watcr logged conditions. Tho vegetatio!ln.l. association commonJ.y noticed arc Teak-Dhawada and 'reok - Saj a Hi t.h voryi.'1.g proportion o:f Ta3.k. Teak is ti1.e main specics 'tvi tIl -proport,io:r; more than 20%. It,s as soc ia tca nrc SClj a (Tnrminnli.a. ~.:~~ul.at.~?, Sh~sh~m (:?albare!a l['.t~fo.1i.'J.), Bij a . (Pt:ro~arpus_ ~lZ::!~l,Ei~) H,,-_·..l.u (~~~ ~o.rd::.~olia), J(aJE .. .-n \tI::J_t!:.~"V~~ P.9;.rVJ.£'ol~a), Dlli'l.Hada. (.llnoac:u':;9"~S latii'oJ ia), Knranj (I'Gnt~.lE.ia .p:'.:a.nrlt~ and Khu:5..r (Acv.cja c(l:-t~·;~hu). - ----- --.---- ----_ .. _-'

per.dr.ocdJ.:~s str:ictus, hawbo.o, ocmn'S as under sto:t:"~r in t.ho nn.r:':·Ci .. ·! .... ortr- :t'n bQ~t u:l- 'tl~ s type.

Th(l quality of the c:rop var:tes from. IV a to III.

1 • 9.2 !'1'j:~cellancous u:Lth Teak! This type is found over a lJmall pat.ch hav-_j_rLg !2h<w....l,ow expo:.lcc1 loce.lity, subj Bctod to incessFL..'1t b::..C't:i.c infJ_l1.onco. Though tho PJ.'o:r;ortion of -tock is .f4ir~r good, t.hG growth. ohtainod seldor'! (}~:coo('ls 20 CID .. di::unn:L.or. Tho 81.+_,e qunli:ty is ~ qo peor, v::''-1'ying f'".cO:U1 ";]r .~. 8, IV b. 71-10 crop com-Do-siG:i.on is more or los8 tho. same as obtai."lcd :i.n TeUk f'orosts, e::ccpt for the occ.urrence of Sclai and. Dt>aHaca at pJ_ucos.

1 • 9,;,3 B:;_sceJ~ancous forests : This S1..lb-typO occurs in tho h:illy pcrt,ion of ~~ho lJi,risionr 'i'hese :forests on~8 .havir...g valuable tree vegetation Hore not sc:i.en·t;i:fic~ manag0r1 ill. pa.st. Indiscrininate t.ree cutting by cl:d_of-taill."3, through the agc:r1cv of contr.J.ctors depletod the forests of its lnrge s~zed n...."lll o-:~cr of middle sized valuable trees. Eovover, due to tl>.c. ina:::cCf: 3i.b:i.liCY- of' tho i'orested t.errv.:in in t!1.e :Horth-hres .. t; side of the D';_r.i .. ;::iJn~ ",hore p'~rhaptl tho cor.tractors could not. ror\,ch econC'rr.::'c'1...l.ly, t-.he ::'~"'~l1.ant3 of I.\(ol:. ~tockcd forests arc still c..t. sight.. Barrj.ng f~-",J sma.'l 8tre-l:chuS "\long the Nel111ndo.. r::01.U~AO the goneral. si.te ( .. -.~<"Qjt;v 0.1" +;:;_,5.3 snb-tJ'?c 1f> peor. For(..---st fires 2.:CC aregul<Jr 1\)atnrc in trus t.L'~,C";.

Tho OOI:lD.Kln/vcgctt't-t±on:J..1 .. -a.ss.o_ci;J,ti:)p . . _ngt~od is DhaHaQ."1. -Salci-Khair 1.-lith Tiuas (Tinno. ) "'~fJ its o0-::a.~ionaJ_ m::sOGj r·d"'}. However, in the unp3r hiJJ.y rozio:'l., C;__l).c proportion 01~ 8;;:..l.ai kcrea.3cs. As We

approach lJarmada river, t.he Qna',i ty iro'(lI'c.-Il'es a....'1d toe:!o:: trees show -;:,he:i.r presence. Dendro-calrunus "'t:-ic.t1..'.S 1 b'1IIlboo, occurs ::.in -tho Nortl1ern and lJortd1. - 'Wootorn ,!?orti,")).1. of: +:;1.l"' p1."·ca.

1 .10 Lega.l_ st,atus : Prior ·t;o -tho D .. cC]_1..lj. '3±tion O.t: 459,13 Sq. kln. of the f'orcs+;: cy tli.·o l1ahar~1.·<Jhtrn ~""ntc~ t.huse i'C':r-n S .t·f; "',,'" J Qt'l! cd by 5 tribBl cbiofta:i.ns of Kl:m'~hi:, Eai3ing>:> .... U', !!r:l.la, lr ..... v'~JV';ur and Singhplu' of lUd:al.ku~ T~""hsil. RO:lJoatod e:ffort,~J HO:rC ITJnG.o Qy Ule stn.tc Gov8rnment in pE1.St :for acquisition of tr~cs3 forests, b' ... ,t due to fervent resistance ofTorod cy the chieftains;;o the acquisition H[!S deJ.nyed. Durll1.g the int~rim period, the chi0ftains cxpl cr. .. ted T,h(>sc forest.s to large extent.. J_.;'l.tcr these i'orestB Hero acquired tmder the p""ovisions of Uahorasht.ra Acquisj:::"ion of Pr-iv.':I.to FOI'cst Act 1975. Thu:J tll~ tctDl for.'3st orca o:f "1:.11.0 D:i.vision, a1.l of l.-Tl'ich is re?e:::-vGd, is :

- 5-

1. .Area of' Talo~ Range

2. Area of recent~ acquired foros ts

253 . 43 Sq. Km,.

459.13 Sq. KID.

7 12. 56 ,sq . Km.

1 .11 Demorcatj_on & Fo-rest Sett,lemcmt :. The reserve d f'orest s of' Talcda Range are demarca.ted and divided--ii"lto compartments. HOI'TOYer, the n owJy acquired orca of' Mewasi Foro sts is unsl.U'veyod ",horo the survey ,.;ark is ili progress noW. The pOSition of actual culti.vatcd ar8a. authorized cy erst;...-hile chieftains ~ ... ould be asc~rtained after tho a.ctUD~ survey and demarcation of' those CU'ca S is completed . Ti.ll 10/79, in all 54. villages ,ITore surveyed and d omarcated. The exact extent of availnble f'orest aroa 1.-Ti'll be known onJ.y after the COTI'l9let ion 01' sur­vey cmd domarcat;ion "lark.

1 .12 E:i.r_;hts Dnd Priv:ilogc~: Since all ·t.he forests are reserved fOres=6D no rj.ghts except t ho right of way and water are recognised. Hm'lOver, certain priv:U.oges arc enj eyed b.Y the l ocal popula.tion. T"ney mainly r est:cict to r emoval of grass, d ead 1.-food, teak leaves, Mahuwa fruits and flowers and thorns for domestic and agricul tlll~nl use~

1 ~ 13 Ex:ist"i?g ;eattcrn of' utilization: Out of thG t.otaJ_ f orest 0..roa .o:f··-712~::;6 ,sq<Km. of' thG forests, an area of 253.43 Sq .KID::>. of old Tnlodha Range \-las managed under the regular "lorking Plan. H01-Tever:t an area of 1 55.59 Sq.K'1ls. of thesQ forests had been sot aside for tho Forost Development Corporation of Wlharashtra [\!ld only 97. $4 Sq.Kms. romains \Ji..th tho DiviSion. This area is to b o vTorkod undor the proscriptions o f' Solection-curn-Inrprovemont t..forking Circle and Protection (..Jorking Circle. BLl.t in the p a 8 t threo y,~ars r egul:l.r cou p es Horo not undor explOitatio n as the grmrth therein was veT"J sparse . Though f orests were not worked according to pl.:u1 .. plantations we re t aken up unde r diffe rent Schemos under the F ive YOm's Plan and Ernploymont Guarnntco Sche me. The details nre as under :-

Name of the Scheme Yearw:isG area plant8d ?::-""1 h<-.t. .....

1976-77 10/17-7$ 1 978-79 1'J79-f50 Total

1 • Plantation of' general 143 370 400 300 1 J 813 utility timber

2 . Aff orestation for soU 200 200 c onservution

J ~ Raisll"lg pla n t ation of 400 It-OO valuable species under E . G. S .

4 . Re fores tation of' do gra d e d 76 76 tlreas

5 .. Ph-mtat iou- of' F a.st GrO\..ring 264 1 2 $ 24 416 Species

Total 143 834 52$ 8"00 2?305

-6-

Tho out-turn of "bilnoor D.n.d fuel exploited dopartment.-'"\.lJ,y from tho above mentioned arcus are given below :

1 Cj76-77 1 Cj77-78 1978-'l9 1979-$0

Tiinbcr (M3.1

383.Y18 290.705 '14·393 23.532

Fuel (M3Stacked)

3,182 .. 20 i,634.99 2,226 .. 05-._. 1 ;~1 .60

1.13.1 &cploito.tion:tu FDCM : O'..lt o"f tho tot.-"'Il erou of 155.59 Sq.Km. tho FDCM had clcc..r:felled 64.18 has and plnnted ",ith toak till 1979. An arca of 1 f37 .41 ha wus exploited in 10//9-$0. The £igures £or the area clearfollcd and. the out-turn, thorc-f'rom will give the cle..'1r :Lndication o.bout the [?,Towing stock of forests.

~ Area. in hn.. T:imbcr {M3) Fuel eM3 stacked)

1978 21 (),,54 5/....·:5(7 4,58/"".950

1979 1~.41 116.325 2, 51Z~500

3'17.95 170.902 7, CfT{.450

,.13.2 Dopartroent~ ExPloitation of a~boos: Tho B~boos from tho oroa of Elc .Ta.J...od..h.a arou arc loased to central Pulp Hill~ Songad. Only ono coupo is nllo~Gtod to t.ho industry Dn..J.l.nJ..ly. Tho average yield of h."'.Inboo is o.bout 60 TonnQS which is j_nsignificant considering tho totru_ requiroment of the mill. However, b:O.lncoo exploitation in the ncw]¥ acquired arco. of Movlusi b.."\.d been done departmen­to.JJy on commercinl scnlo and for suppl,y:ing to tho Revonue Depa,rtment. for construction of lrutrnents for weaker soctions of society ur..cler 20 point ~ogTamrae. The yaar-wise exploit::1.tion is as under

~ 1976-77 1977-78 1978-79

No. of br~boos Ck~loited

11,91,6"13 1,83.1'530 1, 05 ,L~65

1 .14 AvailnbJ e Forost Resources Information : No in.f'ormn.tion ~E'.b=+' -the forest resource is nV3.lli,ble for ~ areo. as more tho.n 60%

of tho forest orea is ncvJ.y ncqu:!.rcd.

1 .1 5 lvlP-ps & Phot~o.Pby: The tract is covered in the topo 46 G, 46 K on tho sc;:C of 1 :25344.0 ( til scnJ...e). Toposhcets on 1 :63360 (1.1 = 1 mile ) or 1 :50,000 covering the entire area are

4 6/G 13~ 14, 46 K/1, 2 & 6.

sheet scale

Use of aorial photograpey f'or plnnrring the survey \.J'as not possibLe because of their non-avnilnbili~.

LAY T 2 ~ G 5000 MAPS

2

05

04

03

01

o 02

lOO ~ O~----------~--------~~---------~ ____________ . __________ ~ ______ .~-+_ 15 00 04 03

T~O' 73 15

_--

"

\

CHAfI'ER II

nJilEsrTGATION & MSTHODOLOGY

2.1 2£joctive The objective of.' tho Stu-vey is to CSt:illl..'\t0 " +'~lC T"otal g.r"o .. ring stock o:C MC\'l£'Lsi Forest Division. ~~-

;:';.;2. !'!.e1.:...i~._..:1.C0~~~~i£lce Photo-intorprcta_!Jion & Mapping : In ~'.,,:!,a ::;'U!~v·(.:y '1.0"C:Lv:t,i_'.iec:; like f'~ori:ll reCOl1Il£l.~sa.."1CQ_' pl'lotc-ir~tcr­:,'?r I'!j:::"l:,:,_or.

j mba3flueuv IJk"\"qping of: tho intcu-preted nhrytogrClphs, etc.

had not be31~ undortnJ~0Il.

2.3 !"rrJ'r)nto:r:y Design: It has alrendy boen rr.ention0d in para -4 .0 ",;r,llt -l..bis survo:T has been cnrricd out a.3 n :Jontinuation of the suv"rCy or St~at Circlo \-lhich ndj cins 11ownsj_ area. Therefore} t,ho survey desi.gn a<lcptcd for Surat Circle was uc1opt,ed for j_nventory in l'181r-r,::I.si aroe... In -this design tho tract \·laS devided into grids of 2-t' x ~';. In each of tho gr-ids a sub-sample in the form of a cluster of 4 plots, each plo-t; having un orca of 0.1 ha, was measured for grm-ling stock. G(:m:h'os of tll0 4 plots, in a clus-ter, are locuted at tho 4 corners of the square ';J.ith 500 meter side and diClgonals due North..J.]est to South­EQst ['.nd Horth -EC\st to South-Uest.

2.4 DetC\i..1!L!?! Inventory Desim : On topo maps of scalo 1 :63,360 or 1: 50,000 grid ~Lines at 2fi x 2-~ I "'ere dr:l.wn by divid:i.ng the existing 5: x 5 l gri_ds 0 II"' order to f2.cili tate identification or roference to .:uw pnrticu1.nr grid on tcPOtlk"l.P_, code numbers Hero given ( Sao Field 11[,.111.w.1. [,,:i:, Appondi::: I). A grid han, Urus_, beon n so=npling unit. The po:Lnt of int.crsection of tho diagonals of a grid defineG tho grid contre. Ar01md each grid centro 1+ plots, each of 0.1 ha. Hcro locatod at the "four corners of a squaro of 500 meter side ( See diugran'tro 2-.:.;n.

Plots ~.Jore numbered from 1 to 4. The Nl.J cerner plot of: the cluster bearing No. 1 Dnd ot,hors nmnbcrod in cloc~<Hiso dir0ction, i.e. t,1E - }lIo" 2, SE-lJo. 3 n.nd SI.>1-No. i ...

Tho grids were thon classified as forosted and non-forostoc. A grid uas considered forested :i.f at least one plo'G ef the cluster fell in the are:]. sl~mm as forested on the map. on 'tho basis of t,his classification it \faS found that thore ,.,rere ~ forested g;:":L.ds.

~"l-2.5 Forma'!:; :for D:'+,Q. C'Jllect:.on: The survey method cor..sists of collecting dotn.ilod in1:~,:rrTIat:i.on of th8 forested grids. DJring t,ho CQ1.lrse 0:1 the field work plot d[l.ta \<:3..8 r0cordod in the foilovring fiold forms. The dcscriptio:" of tho f:Lcd-l fO!'IIlS nnd thell~ co:r'~t.ents can 00 seen from the fj,cld Ma.nual ( at Appendix I).

1 t Plot A[>1Jroach Ferr1_' 2. plot Description_Form,-3., Plot Enl:tJDere.tion Form, L.... Sample 'l'roe FOrlJl~ 5. Bamboo EnUl:10ration and Clump _A..~sis Form"

-10-

Those forms are designed to facilitate direct transference of data on punch cards which ore fed to tho computer for fUrther prc?cssing. To m.:1.intain uniformity in data collection cy f'ield partiel:!, cod~g method of data collection wns cmbodied in tho Field ~~~ (Appendix I). A brief' descri~tion of the forms is given below :

2.5.1 Plot Am:rr-o::l.ch Form r This form is mcant for carrying out It is f~ed by a cre.l leader as he proceeded from

tho sruuple plot and ba.ck to the camn. This 1.8 01l.ly a form and is not mennt for comlJUtcr nnn~sis.

tine stuctr. thc Cl.'J.tlp to dcscriptive

2.5.2 Plot DOBcriDtion Form: This form is designed to give the qualitativcdG"S'Criptton of 2 hn.. orca around the centre of the s~pla plot. In :it, information about the ad:minis-t.!:'ativa allocation of the L'lIld, land usc, legal status , topography, terrain, aspect, soil, v7ge~n.t~on, occurrence or absence of bronboo and 1.·ts qua~ty, rcge:r;erat:io n b:l.otlc influencc and also grid and plot references arc g:Lvcn. ThlS 1'0=1 is coded in such a "irL:ly that the :inf'ormat.:i..o~1. _ _C.an _bc.l_ convcniontJ.y tranofcrrcd on punch cards.

2.5.,3 Plot Enumerntion Form This form is monnt for rOCQrding diam.c.tcra of' trees by species. --r'reos 10 cm and above in di..'lmetcr only are onumorated. This form is fil1.ed sOlXU'ntoJy in each of t,he four plots of a cJ_uster.

2.5.4 S~ple Tree Form: In tr~s form, d~t~ o~ sDmple treos £rom plots boaring Ho. 2 and 4 only is recorded. Trees 10-.30 cm in din occurring in northern hul~ of: the North-{I/'est, qundrCUlt and all trees LtD em nnd above occurring j_n tho plot, arc treated as srunple -trees. For each srumplo tree, diameter at breast height, height, double bark thickness, length of' cle<U' holo, longitudinal and sectional form and defects etc. 3I'e record8d.

2.5.5 Brun.boo Enumeration & CluTl1D Analysis Form : _ Q1.. this the data of ind:i_vidunl culm~ oecurr1.ng- in selected clumps of plo-E--rTo. 2 nnd 4 of tho cluster is recorded. Tho ell._lLlps bearing serial NO.1, 9~ 17 25 etc.( i.o. the r:i.rs1;...and eve ry e ighth clul1l:>thereaf'tor), of each of the ro.-nboo s~ooies, ,.rore selected. Tho :nunber of b.:lmboo culms per clump duly classified into age classes, greenness nnd in d..'lllk'l.gcs class are recorded.

2.6 D:'..ta for Brunboo 'wight: It was decided that tho groen .!eight data obtained from tho ccmbin8d su:cvcy of Su:rnt Circle & HovJ<l.si Division would be lTh.'1.de appli0o.ble to l"k~, .. nf' i ai-en.

2.7 Vol:t::UUe S·:ngy: For arri'lr:i.J-l.g at the voJ.ume equatiens for cert3.in selected spccips n.."1.d Et.pporti.or..ing the volume of trees 'of [4"W d::'DlIlotcr class into utility classos like plywood, sml mill volume, polo, i"..l.cl, pulp etc., sufficient nun1ber of trees arc required to be felled. Since such an info~qt1.on was alrondy being collected from the Surat Circlo of Guj arat "'lhich docs not dif'fer nmch in forest type and climato !'rom that of Mowasi nrea, it ,.ras decided tTh'1.t the volume factors obtainGd for Surat Circle would be used f'or Mewnsi. area..

-11-

2.$ Field Herks : The :field work \-{.:!.s started \lith three parties each hended qy a Jr:--Technical Ass:Lstant. The work 'Has completed in March 1 ws.

-12-

CRAnER III

DA~A ANALYSIS

.3.1 G?n~ -: The data processing was done in the following main stuges : t.:.j Nanual Processing~ (ii) Processing on Unit Record Machine? o.Y'..d fi.J-k .. tlly (iii) On the Computor.

3.2 ~~~ln.l..1T...0~fli'1.g : T1'..is was done in t,he Zonal Office. It iU7olvod the foilo"Ting activities

(1) Fi.r$t of o.ll thG field infoTm:l.i",ion \-ras properly dOCUlI'.ented.

(2) The inform:.ttion which hnd not nJ.read,y been incoTp<:'rated in the field forms was coded m1.d in~orporn.tcd.

(3) The entire :i.nJ.o:r:-Ilk"'..tion f:L1J,_ed i"l. the field forms was then checked mnnu~ for detect:L"Y'lg m..i.st~ces.

(4) The dj_screpnncies f'ound ."erc reconciled and corrected.

:3.3 Prnr-:ossinp- 0n U:ni.t Record Mach-ire : This was donA qy- the Dn:tA'1. Processing Unit in the Chief coord.in-itor IS Office

(1) Punch:L"lg tho inf'orID:l.tion on the cnrds.

(2) Ver,.,.i.f.'ication of tho J,.>'UUched cnrds.

(3) Sorting & Collatjng i.he cards for feeding them to the computer.

(4) Listing the punched data.

l- .Processing on the Electroni£_comput~

(1) Loadi...'1.g the dn.ta. en !1Iagne-tic t.ape.

(2) Trinl running on Comlmter for consistency chocking.

(3) Gorrection of discrepancies dstected as a result of trial rl.a1. Corrections \.]ere !Jk'l.do directly on thG tape.

(4) Co..lculation of thG voluInG of enumerated U'cen with the help of Local equ:l.tions d2.r~vcd for Burat Circle.

(5) cUJ..culntion of plot volume.

(6) CalculC1.tion of' no. of stems & volume per hect."lTe qy species and diameter.

(7) Merging of plot inf'or:mt:!.tion with plot errumerl.1.tions.

(8) Calculation of' the error of growing stock.

(9)

(10)

':'13-

PrepnrC1.tion of" St."U1.Cl & Stock Table.

Preporation or Tables for BnJIlboo stock •

.3 - 5 Co;Lculation of" Area : The photo-in terpret.."ltion area f'igures ~or the ~urvey ~ea couJ_d not be made available. Therei'ore~ tho nrca lni'ormatlon obtained from the Divisional Forest Officer Mewasi Division~ T~odhn was made use of. The tot..~ forest ~~n of Mewnsi Division re-ported by DFO Newasi is 712.56 Sq.Km.

The forest area of Mewusi Division has been cL~ssified into six veget8:bion classes viz. tree fore8ts~ open :forests, scrub forests, tree in line, grassy blank a.nd others. Out of these six clusses, the !"\rea covered under tree forests nr>..d open fore.Gts is of our interest and has, therefore~ been adopted for all the calccla tions in this report. The break up of the forest uren into tree and open ferests ru1.d other four vegetc.tion..~ classes is given below :

Area in hu.

1. EstiIn.."1.ted forest urea . __ 63~ 7'36.49 under""""tree -&- open . --.-foros.J(js

2. Estimated forest area. under other four vege­tation..~ classes.

Total

7,519.51

The forest area of 6'3,7'39.49 hu. under tree & open f'orests has fUrther been s~lit into the oreaS ll..."'1der different categories of topograplzy-, slope classes, pOSition on slope, Hood size olnsses und .forost types ( see tabl.e 1.3.1 to 1.'3.5)

'3.6 Volume C81clllations: It ha.'3- alre'l.CY been mentioned :i.n para 2.7 that special volume stu.dy for }'fo\oT::l.si nrea has not been

- possible and there.fore the general and locn]. voluDle equations derived for the a.dj oining urea of Surat Circle -were used. For obtaining general & local volume equa.tions, felJ_ing of a.bout 2000 treE's of different species and di;:UU6tem wns done. The ovcrbark & underbnrk volume o:f each tree VIas computed upto 5 cm diameter at the top end oJ: the tree.

The general and local volume equations so derived and the local. volume table made out of these eqll::tt::"0n5 are given as Appendix II & III and Table '3,,0 rcspectiveJ.;y-.

'3.6.1 B::u-k Volume: Bm-k volume-i..ELohtn.:ined--W· 8ubstrncting underbork volume. T;'bl(;) 4.·(J shows over bark. volume expressGd as a. percentage of lmderbnrk volume.

3.6.2 utilio/ Volume : t-Jhile calcuh\.ting the volume of felled tree, volume of each portion of the felled tree was a.ssign8d to one of the utility cL'1.sSCS viz. ply1 .... ood, saww 000, pole, pulpwood, fuel and no-utility_ Felled trees of each speci.eS were classtiicd :into

-14-

di3me-tor classes. The volume l.ll1der each utility was compiled f'or aJ~ f'elled trees. Volumes ngo.inst the followin[Cut:i:::l::ity--c-ombinatj_onB f'or each diameter class was obtained.

1 ) PJ.ywood 2) Ply\vood + Sa'1.1 wood 3) PJ;ywood + Saw l:_ + Pole 4) PlyvlOod + S::).\o/ 11 + Pole + Pulp 5) Plywood + Sm., II _ + Pole + Pulp + Fuel 6) Plywood + Sa.w 11 + Pole + Pulp + Fuel + No utili-cy

The above utility- volumes Hero expreseod as the percentage of' total und_cr"bG.rJc volume of a tree in that class. These utility cO!!lbinntions Here plotted aga.inst mid-diamcters on one gr-apb. and smooJuh curves 1.fere drawn thrffilgh -tho points to indica.te a trend over the entire ra.."1.ee of diruno-(,er. Tho cumul..:"\ti e utility percentage cot"respondi.ng to mid-diruneter \Jere read. from the curves. The percentage under each utili tsr

class for dif'ferent dirunoters o:f :U!lportol1:b species ore given in Tables 4.-1 to 4.6.

3.6.3 Volume of' Trees Enumerntod : Volume of' trees enUD'..crated in the plot is oatimatod f'r.JI[l the bre;:ts t he.ight over bark diameter using the locnl. volume equations.

:3 .6.4 Volume of all the trees enwnern.ted ,rhen added together gives plot volume. This data \oI/).S used in the est.imation of tho sampling error f'or groll:i:ng stock.

3.6.5 Volume per hectare lrr Forest Types : TQJ:'~o 2 gives the arca of' cli:ffercnt forest types a:nd their co::r:-rospondL"I1.g volume per hectnre \.Ji-th t11'~ sta."ld::lrd error percentage of tho estimate of volume per heotnrc.

3.7 Stnnd TG.blo : Tho trees in each plot \-Tere olassif'0d b,y- di!ll!leter & species. Tab18El 5.1.1 to 5.1.3 gi vo the !IUI!loor of' trees per hectare n.nd tables 5.2.1 to 5.2.3 give the total stems b:f f'orost tyl)es. Table 5.2.0 ShOoD the total :3tGIllS for tho. entire Drca of Mcwasi Division.

J.8 Stock Tables: Tables 6.1.1 to 6.1"3 give the growing stoGk per hccWrc i'or di:f.!'erent fcrcs-t izrpcs 1{)r spociGS und diameters ..

The volume per hectare figures are muJ_ tiplied by the area of respect;i.ve .fores"t -cy-pes and totnl grOyling stocJ~ for respectiv~ f'orest type is obtn.:L'1.ed. Tables 6.2.1 to 6.2.3 give the total g;.~m1ing stock of dif'f'erent forest -cy-pos by specieD end diameters. T;o;.ble 6 •. 2.0 give tho -total esti.mn.tcd grow:i.ng s-t.ock of entire MC"·rasi Division.

3.9 aroHing stock cy- Utility Classes__;. Tahl..GD 7.,.1 ·to 7.3.6 give tim utility volume per hcct...'iro by diff'crent forest types. These tables are compiled b,y- using tables 4.1 to 4.6 n_nd tables 6.1.1 to 6.1 .3

3.10 Estimation of' crror for Grot.ling stock : M3 the design of the survey wa.s systematic cluster sumpling the sample is con..~idered to constitute a simple rDl"ldom srunplc of cJ_Hster of plots. Since tl"le cOInpJ_ete cluster of plots did not necesst:1.r~ f'nlJ_ intI') n p.'U'ticular forest -bype resulting in uncqun.l rrluster sizo, th0 meThod of ra-t.io

Les

Lto

-15-

estim.c1.tion w~a us~d to obtain the estim:ttos of error of tho estllQ~tion of volume is given in Table 2.

stnnd;:u-d error

:3 .11 Bamboos : D..l;rj_ng the survey the QccurrencG_.o:f_ 1:>timboo was exnnined in 2· h:l. nrea around the plot centro. The ba.mboo spec:ios n.vo..iJ...able in the tract is Dondrocalamus strictus. Total -number of bruaboo plot::. :found in tho area H(~-:' O cJ.as si:fied qy quaJ_j_ty cL.'l.S s eS. From the number of plots f~ing in o ach quality clns'scs the estimate of tho area under different qua lities of bmnboo \forO obtained. Tnblc 8.1 givcn the area under Dendrocctlv.nrus strictus h::unboo by qunlity cL'1.sses.

3.1 2 9J.urnps per h e ctarc : All b.'l.IDboo clumps oc curr:ing in the Oa1 ha pJ_ot were enurnel'ntGd and their di[tiD.ot",..rs were recorded. This daix."1. Has utilised to estima te the no .. of clumps per hcc"ture cy size classes and quo.lity_ The estimates of clumps por hoctnro o.ro givGn in To.hle 8.2.

3.13 Gt...,_J..r,1S per clump : In two out of 4 plots of a el'.lSter· CVGry eighth clump was se]_ectod for enumero.ticn of' culmS. The cuIros }1_ad boen cJ..as sified by their stn.-t.us of' soundness ( greon sound, groen dar!l.n.ged~ dr'JoSounu, c'Ir;-y drul1age.d ;;..nu. decoyed)_. age ( current season, one ·t.o tHO sonson, over 2 seasons) und dia'11et~..r class.es ( 2 em to 5' em, 5 em to 8 cm and 8 cm & over)~ Processing of' this dat.:l has provided information on c'\J.L'JlS PCl" clump qy condition of C'L1lms with reg.:trd to their soundness~ nge and qn.:Q:i'L"y,. It. is. pointed out that the data o f -bhe pLots occurring only in Mewasi Divj s:io.c _wquld hnvG bClen very much inn.d.oquat;e for the proper ostimation on t.h.e cuJ..m.s per c]_ump. Therorore, tl1.0 dat ..... of' S'lU'ut Circle ::md. }18\lasi 'las pooled to get Gsijimnte of C'LWns por cl'lL1Jlp. ':,?his 11.:::." been given in Table 8.3J1 ;:tIed 3,,3.2.

:3 .1!)- gu.I.!i1s pc:;.' hcctoxc = From th,!? data of cJ_urnps p0r h ect.'lI'e TabJ..c .8.2 ru1.d Tables 8.3.1 nnd 3.:) .. 2 ost:imnto of the number

of bnmboo cUllqaftJa.'lI'O obtainGd 'for various c o:,'ditions of .s':)rmdm~ss and age i..."1. different size classLof' clUL'lps under tHO qunlitar classes oqem-ring in tho arco.. l'hesc ore given in Table 8.4-1 0.00 8.4.2"

3 .. 15 Tothl GtJ.l.-ns : Tb,e es·t;.Lma:t·es of tho number culms per hectare and the estiinates of tho nl'CIl. under h'lmboo gives the -tot._'1.}_ cuIms under vnrious categories. 'l.'hoso nro given in Tables 8.5.1 and 8.5.2

3.16 BaBboo stocks in l'or:"Yl.cs .:c,)C,n 'rlciP·h·:.:J..: • To osti'U'A':t1:.u bamboo woight~ tvlO mnture c ,_,:::':')8 or C[cc!! cli.':J!l'::,·vJr clo.ss vj..z, ;~ cm to 5 em, 5 cm to 8 cm and over S em ,.,rc::-e s9l3c~ed :from tho first clump in each plot~ \olhpre bmnboo cu1.ms uere enumernted were Hoighcd. ThG data pertaining &h0 plots oc.curring :in Hewns i area. '-'lOula not lw.ve been fmfficient to get tho proper esti.lrlD..to. ThC->'J:"'ei'ore, tho data. of Surat Circle and Iv10vmsi D:ivision Horo poole d and average groon v.JGights for different d:i.maoter classGS wore ccU.culnted. These are given below :

Height in kg.

Spoc:ies Diameter in crn.

2 5 5 B g+

D. strictus 1 ... 038 11.633 11.633

-16-

Tho following factors were Used f'ar m:r.iv.i.nK at tho grecj:l-ltlclght cquiiiitlent for difTcrcnt i{vI?0S of culms.

Dr-.i' Sound C1.il..ni

1)"-7 dlimaged culm Green Sound ew,m Green dmo;::.gcd cu':im

" • ' P! D8c"'Y'?Cr cU:;t,:m.

.,'. • ....L i.,Jio~'

2 .. 0 1.0 1...0 0.5 0.0

AppJ¥.:L"').g t,bo. g~~cn~: .. w?il~ht eq_~ ... rulcnts, lnentiol).9ri p.oqyc. t9 thei 1<-:;1'Oles B. 5. 1. an~. g. 5 ."2,. i-hec o.'ecn H0 ~ght of the tot.ru.. Dt00ks has been. astimatcd. The s~ hlis'·ooeh F.:hown in TablBs 8.6.1 and 8.6.2. TIle clL1-ml...dimnotcrdjcJ_a.ss,-'dise g..i.f>tribl)tion, thou~ used to calCl.~:L.'!.·te <thr:' to~ tOrlL"'l.r?,-ge, ,i:Tnot rcprod,uoed in the rCJ_Jor-t.

('- .. _ '\ .. l "r a I ". .

.3 .1'7 ,B.'1mb.,Slo Stock j_u Tonil,,}s ( dry weipht): As mentioned' 'in p~3. .3 .il::> thO' data . of' the. SurL"lt' GiJ.~clc and Bewnsi .?..rco. \.;af'~ pooled to ,gat tha .~.Y ",[eight _fuctors to convert the green weight. The following procedure was adopted.

Three srunples 'ouch of: 50 cm length 'n:>:Jd ,0bt:1.:ined from top, middle and t...ho ros~1. p.::lrt. of: a. culm in oach pl::h, were obtained. . The erccn .. might of eOoch sanp19 was recorded. Sub-,samples of tho randNnJ,y seloct",d pj,ecGs. Hore then oven-driou ancl their. oven dry woight 'Has dotorro:inod. Tho 10% of oven dry l-might was added to o~en dry vToieht to arrive at air Diy WGi&ht ( i.e. nt 10% moisture level). '

Tho following table ShOllS the ovon dry 'viZ ight unci ~irdry­wq:i_ght expressed ,as u J?erccnt'l~c 'of gr-e,en wei_g!1.t cy- qi",.mete!" claD "'e~.

Spocies

2-5 ctlf

D • .8-cr:i.ctus OvQBr'dry

56-':84

I'

%' o_f: gro8n "rt:: 'b-J 'd:ia classes.

5 to 8" .Airdr,f Ovonrl.ry .A;ir,-1::-y

62.52 ,5.3.00 58 • .30 5.3.00

Ail'o:ry

5$.jq

Thero is a vccy J_tu-gc ,Proportion o! brunhoo' ot 2 to less tho.n 5 em die.mctcr in 't.he total groHing stocle. '1'herc£ore the q.verago dJ:-_,r weight Ia.oy be 60% of the greon vroigbt_

':"17-

S:..!.!APJ'ER IV

G..BOlJING ST OCK AND YIELD

4.1 Inven~~EY Results :

4.1.;1 .Area ~ -The total forest area of MetlD-si is 712.56 sq.km .• Out of this 637.37 sq.km,. is under vegetat:t:o~1.O.1 clnsses ;lTree forest(i and ;IO'Ren 1'orests'a. The tables 1.3.1 to 1.3 .. 5 i.ndi.c3.te the topographical chm-aeteristi(~f:l of landsJin.d,er tr.ee &. open forests as also their clnss:L­ficrrt,ion cy- forest types nnd wood..,size class<;;s. It may be Seen that about 16% of -rthe a::cea comes under the topographicnJ._ class fJ_at 'GO gen.tJ.;y roll:Lng~ Rest of the ~trea .is h:ilJy or very hilly o~ ino.ccessible • . 'rhe estimClteo qren uililer different fOrest types . . mill.. their percentage to the total area is given belOH :

Forest· type

Teak Mi.scellaneous· Mise .. with "Te-,'1.k

Area in ~km:.

. 22i .50 176~29 239.58

637 ,37

% t .o total area •

100 .. 0

From the above data, it is seen tb~t about 72% OI the nrec, ben.i:s teak.

/".1.2 Nl1mber of trees: Tnbl0S 5.1.1 to 5,'1 • .3 give the esti!'J[l.tes of the .!IUIDber of trees p~ hccto.re by di.ametcr cluoses for di:fi'erent forest type$. The number. cf stems per hectare for Tea1.c forests, Miscellnneous forests ~d MisccJ~an80us 1.1:Lt.f), 'I"pnk forests are 1 06, C?4 and 164 respectively. .In tealc forests, teok t"rees nre 3Lf~6 percent of the "00to.l. no" of' trees. o-Gher irnpor.-ta.."'lt species in .order 0:£'

their C'ccurrence arB. Anogeissus l.Clt:Lfolia (8.0%)" Termi.n,'1.lia. crenulatD- (6'~,()%0, But;eu monospe:rmH (6.0%), La.."1llCU c()rcman(i(}lica(6.~6),

,B.Q_sHellio. serrato.. (4;0%), Dru.bergia. latifolia (3.4%) •

. In Hiscellaneous .forests Eutea mOr'.osperma has the largest peryeiito.ge (17 .. 6%). )Text comes TerIDirial.:i..a crenul["".ta (11.2%)~ In this fo:cest type '!;he pES>l:'ccntage of: teak :Ls 5.5. I •

. The; 1?erc\3-ntnge of' to'llc -t,roes :in '!·(i13celL.'1.neous Hith Te..'1...1c forests is 15.1. In this type also B\ltca n"onosporma occurs :i.n 0.

large, proportion (9.8%) next to te.:1.k. 'The percentages of Anogeia sus latii'olia n.nd L'UIDen. .p oramandslicn .a:r.e_.:J ... 1 & 7.7 respectiveJy •

. In. all the forest types more 't,lk'1.J1 96% of the trees are below· 50 em di.[1JIIeter. Tables 5.2.1 to 5.2.3 indicate the total trees in different 'for~st types. Tot.."1l tree's ovel.'. the entire' ilrea are 7.940 thousands ( 'Table 5.2.0). • :

•

-18-

4.1.3 Volume! The vo~e per hectare and tho total volume and its distr~bution qy forest types, spec~es and diameter classes cnn be seen from tables 6.1.1 to 6.1.3 and 6.2.1 to 6.2.3. A brief SUn:IIlk-UY

drawn from these tables is given belOW

Forest ty}Je

Teak Mi.sc. lvlisc. +Teok

.Area in hc.'1. Volume/hn. inW U.B.

23.226 29.364-1;2.4Z7

34.399

Average

SE % Tot<:U. volume in 000 W

28.95 515 16.93 516 17.47 1,160

--2,193

Table 6.2.Qgi.ves the tot::ti volume Qf' entire MeHasi The uverage volume per hectare is 34.399 M~.

The volume per hectare in di.fferent forest -wpes is broken up into diff'erent utili-cy- classes. This break up i.s given in Trlbles 7.1.1 to 7.3.6. Table 7.4 gives the S\.lIID1k'll"Y showing the utili.ty volume per hect,.'\re in di.f'f'erent forest types. This SUIIJIIL..'U:y is reproduced below :

Forest type

Tea'k Miscellaneous . . ..;., Mj.sc. Teak

Average

Forest type

volu:ril.e Eer 'hectore ~~2 bv utili~ classes

p~ood Sawi.loQd Pole Pulp Fuel No uti- Total O.B. lity volume

O.B.

0.1'42 6.564- 2.552 11.242 1.394 ~.069 23.963

0.261 8.449 2.221 15.425 1.040 2.858 30.254

0.142 10.,.87/1- 4.071 'Z7 .626 2.369 5.647 50.729

0.1819 ~ 8,.629 2.948 1 B 0 <Yl7 1. 601 ~.524 34·982

Using the utili t-y volumes per hectore for diff'erent :L0rest -cypes·.. the brenJ.-t.-uP of the totul grotring stock b'<J ut,i].:i_ty classes is given. below :

~ TOt..u BEO\'ling s tock (M3) 1::oc utility clnsses

Fuel No uti- Tot.."\l ______________________________ ------------------------~l=i.~----------------

pl:y'wood Sa.W\-TOod pole PulP

2,49,005 30, f576 45,828 5 .. 30,770 Teak. 3,145 1,,1+5,390 56,526 Miscell.::uleous 4,601 1,4$,949 39,,155 2,71,,931 18,334 50,385 5,33,355

Misc .+TeDk 3,402 2,60,516 97,532 6,61,855 ?6,756 135,289 12,15,350

Tot51 11 ,1 48 5, 54, 855 193, 21 3 1.1,82,7911'()5;9S6 231,502 22,79,475

Li3

-19';'

Thus the totnJ,. growing stock is esti.nk"ted ns 22.S lnkh 11:3 as ag0.inst 21.9 lruch H;;> given in tD.ble 6.2.0. The excesS (22.8-21.9) =0 .. 9 lclilieccounts f'or the bark volume of fuel and no ut:Llity cla3ses. Deducting ~he to!-nJ... utjlity _v,?J..:um.e_of 2.,.3_J_t50? 1'13 L :t~e net utilizable volume est:un.."\te :LS 20,Lr7 ,0/13 W or 20.5 lakh w.- Th:i..B.- e;;tiJn._"I.te hns s-rondard error of ± 1 6.1 %. .

4.2 B~boo stock : The area occupied qy bamboo (Dendrocalamus stric'Gus) is 257. 66 sq_ .1an. which is about 40% of the totul forest nrea of Nevmsi ( Table S.1). The me~ number of clumps per hcctore qy qunlity nnd size classes cnn be obtained from Table S.2. In qu...'"ll.ity I & II the :number of clumps per hectare :i.s about 220 and 25 respective]¥. The Tables 8.3.1 om-l.:trd give complete ana.J,ysis of the condition of gro"l-dng stock ey clump size, culm qualities, soundness, age etc.

The surnm..."l.rY of' the bnmboo stock classified qy n.ge, soundness, drunn.ge, dryness, decay condition etc. is given in the f'ollm:ing -ta'.:lle (This summ...;xy has been dra-wn on the basis of' Tables 8.5.1, 8.5.2, 8.6.1 Be 8.6.2.

Species Current 1-2 season yenr

D~strictus 7,178.0 5,S05 G 4 stock in 000 cuJ.ms

D. strictus 27,306.168 23,918.968 stock in tonnes (Green weight)

2 SeaSons & ove-r

18,881 .8

Decayed

Dry sou."':ld

54,182.151

5/118.9

23,635.961

45,429.0

2,05,621 .396

From the above data it is seen that the totrd.­growing stock of bamboo is ubv"'u.-t 2 J...nkh tom1.9s •

.Anrruol Yield :

Are!J. under Present l1nnagcment

It has alre~ been mentioned in para 1.13 that o~ 253.43 sq .km. f'orest area. of :&c-Tnlodha r.:::mge \1:1.S under the regular working plan. Out of this area 155.59 sq.knl. has been handed over -to the Forest Develo~ment CorporationLis clcarfelling some area ~~~ and raiSing tank plantations. The b..'1.lnnce area. of 0/7 .84 sq.km. is managed under the prescriptiom of' the l.[or1cing Plan. Most of' it is unworlmble, There is no working in the area ,::n.j_p.x.:the plnn- ::;chemeB.

-20-

Jl.rea considered exploitable as per this surve;y: :

It hab already been Seen vide para 3 ~5 tr.Lc1.t alt~.oug.."_ ~ho ca-tchment is comprised of 712.56 sq.km. forest ro-eC'.. _ only 637~'37 cq.km-. is productive capnble of giving yield.

Fu-cure r-11:inn.gement, Hodel Proposed:

, The nrea8 {it for pl=t.:ttions have olrea,dy been o!C:'rnorked to the Forest Development Corporation of Mahat'c.sr.tra (155.59 3q ... l::m~) The rest of' the arcm is proposed, to be \,forkecl l.)l-lder selectioTI"-CuID-­improvement and protection prescriptioY'.s. Tho ar~ctS fnll:Lng ::in tho category of t very h~ f 811d I unspecified I ( mentioned in TabJ_t: 1 .J.1) are L.cluded in the protec,tion categ()ry ffild tho rClJ'.1.ining areo. in the categor-,f of selection-oum~improvement"

undor .:-'The U:U_otment of nrens to different ty-pes of working is as

Plantation

Protection

Selection-c-,_;u:l­improveJ:l~nt

155.59 sq.km.(Area h::mded over to FDCM Ltd.)

262.H~ Sq.km.

219.60 sq.kIn ..

637.'37 sq ... km.

F.stll~1.tion of the Annual Yield:

Though the estimn.tion of' annuc1.l yield from forests is not an obj ective of this survey it is being attempted here with a "i.d,ew to get un j_dea of the yield. The gro\"fth data and the mortality suf'fercd bJ vnriaus species being not avCtilable it is difi'j.cult t.o arriyo at a corroct est:iInatc.

The annual yieTd estimate hr:.s been a-rrived a-b with the ssumpt:Lon that the cnt.ire gJ:'Oioling stock is clearfelled in a period of' AO yeors. Th:i_8 is also the peri.od of exploitation adopted :::_n FDCH Ltd. The increment of -the strul.d durL"lg this period, hOWeVG1:,

is ignored for easiness _in c1:ilculation. Fo:;_~ theSQ cnlcuX:ttions the tot--D_ cf Dll the a:vcr"l.g 3. utiJ_:Lty VO~-u.rc.3 _ g:i_-J"cn ,i.."l pnrn 4.,1.3 is ccmsi­dcred as average volume p er h e ctf-\.ro.

The out-turn per yenr is broken_'iown into vo.rious utility clas ses by multiplying the average p e r hac-(,tlre availctbility of vnrious utili-cy- class woods 1vith the nreh (21 960 ha) .:lIld dividing by porion of exploitation ( 40 years).

E::>tiw .. "tted Out turn p or year = Area under SCI

Period o f

- 21960 x 34.98 ti.o

for est x Vol. exploitation

= 192 04 N3

per hE.

-2~-

Out-turn 0/" util:i.ty clEtsses

Pl,ywood S~M wood Pole -wood

99.698 4737.321 16H~.452

Pulpwood Fuelwood No-utility

9935.25

Deducting the no"'utility volume of: 1934.$76 W from the estimated out­turn per year, the" net utili sable out turn comes to 17,269 Wi'rom the forest area excluding that transferred to Forost Development Corporation of Mahnro.shtra Ltd. and that falling in the category of protection forests.

4.4 BQl!lboo Yield : Except for the exploitation oi' [k"Ullboos in certain areas for supply to Collector" there has not been regu,L'U' expJ_oitntion of: b:'l.mboos under the prescription of the 'Harking Plan. However; regular e~'ploitation if planned :Lr:- this DiviSion, woU:ld be m-').de under the unii'orm b8JIlboo cutting rules, made applicable to the Whole of: the state.

Bamboo exploitation in: Maharashtru is carried out on a 3 years cutt:i,.ng cycle. The important--p.t>escrip-qions oi' the bamboo cutting rules are,

1. _ A clump ,will be considered as mature when it has at -leas-t, 8 mature culms. A mature culm means u culm more ~han"one" Season old~

2(0.) In any clump, ?lll culms of cur:reT,lt ;rear will 'be retained.

(p) From the rest oi', the culms in a chunp -two times the n1mber 'of- ' current recruitment _or 8 culJ:ns...,w-h:icheyer is mo..xinnml v.r:Lll be, retained." j

.3. After retaining the culms as proVided in rule 2, rest of the sound mature c~~ woUld be cut. -

,-AJJ::"dtm,d' damaged t;\.lld dec-Oyed cullns "nre removed. . - ,~ " ~ ., . .

To find out the yield j_ t will be in order, to as sume that the annual yield of' bnmboo ';0U:~ be, equivn,lent to' the totOl recruitment produced in the \-,hole oi' bamboo' area :in a yoni'. tve find that tOt-ll of 7178000 mums are recruited every year. Their green weight workS out to 21396 .. 168 tonnos. This_ estiJn"!te is subject to the standard error of 31.1%. Thus the rcli'1ble minimUm est~~ is 18814 tonnes green weight. Its dry \Veight e!quivnlentL112SB tonnes. HOHcver, since the b[lJIlboo nrea is worked on [l._ cycle pi' three year it will have, to be seen "hether this e.stim.'lted ,yield w,ould be obtaip.ed :from the annua.l area or not.

The "totcU areaw-under bamboo is 25,765.82 ha. The coupe area would be ~5B8.60 out of }'lhich 7C1J .1(J/ would be of quali.ty-I and the rest would be oi' qUali~-II.

The bamboo stock of the ~LIlIlUcil. coupe has :been estimated and given in ;tables 9.1, 9.2, 10.1 & 10.2: ,The' 's'UlllIllDTY 'or thes~

•

-22 .....

"tco"\.bles i.s reproduced below :

TyJ_:)G of: culms

Green sound Green d.:."1lllaged Dry sound Dry d[.\lJlaged Deccyed

Bamboo stock of .A;r1.nuru.. coupe

No. of cu1.ms ·in '000

9,(J/2.4 1,549.1 . 2,192 • 8 1,906.3

422.2

Green '.-1oight in tonnes

39,300.220 3,300.874

18,060.717 7" S78.653

68,,540 .464

The f:ell:i.ngs f:or obtaining the yield wm be from amongst 15,14,28,00 culms keeping the b:unboo rules i.n view. The rules prescribe tha-t twice thenumber .of' current recruitment or 8 culms which­ever i.s m.:udmulIl should ba ret--"\.in~d in a clUmp_ If we' ex.:mrine tables 8.3.1, 8.3.2 showing the distribution of cuJ.Ins in a clump, i.t is seen thut excepting the clumps of si:4c class 2 and 3 of qua~ ty I, no clump C£1l'l yield green sound culIn::! p.s per b .... unboo exploitation rules. Hmfever, all. clumps would contribute :towi:trds yield in the form of: dry nnd dnmnged cuJ.lns. Tws the aImuaJ. brunboo yield would consists of: lIlc."\.j or two components viz. yield. of: green sound cuJ.ms from cxploit-'1.ble clumps and yield from dry & d.:.Wnged cuJ.ms 'from aJ..]_ the clumps.

The cstimQ.to of the .tonnage of dry and drunnged cuJ..ms in a coupe is already given in the uforestd.d~... No .. 1 only thG

yield of sound culms from the clumps of: size class 2 & 3 of quality 1 is .to be es-t:i.mn-ted. The coJ..culations for l-lOrking out the nvoiL."\.bility of green sound culms :Ls given belOW : .

Type of cU1ills Q1J.Aity I - Size clAss

1 • Tot.,"1l gre en sonnd .1'2.119 26·477 cul.ms per clump

2. CUrrent recrui. tment per clump 3.:194 6.292

3. Total mature sound cul.ms 8 .. 925 20.185

in a clump (1-2)

4. Retention of: culms per cl.ump- B.OO 12.584-

5. No. ot: cuJ.ms availabl.a for 0.925 7.601 cutt.ing :£'rom en.oh clump (3-4)

The totnl nva:ilnbility of' green sound culms £'rom rul the clumpS! of' size clas s 2 & .3 is cnJ..culnted us under

For size cl.o.ss 2

For si.ze class .3

.Areu occupied ey the qunli "o/-I x bamboo

No. of' clump s of the size class

No. of'.cuJ.ms x available/clump

7011.107 x .31.250 x 0.925

7011.1 <J7 x 2.250 x 7.601

= 2,02,664.81 0

1,19,905.700

Total = 3,22,570 .510

If' we presume tlli"'l.t the average culm avail.o.bleLof oruy, 2-5 em diruneter, its esti.m...'l.ted green 1.-Teight would be 4.0.38 kg. The totnl. weight of' the green c~ mado ava~able from the coupe is estimated as 1302.540 tonnes. Thus the tot,.._'1.l yield would be as under :-

Green smmd culIns Green damnged culmB Dry sound culJns Dry damaged culms

Tonnes

1302.540 3300.207

18060.717 7878.65.3

30542.1 17

The air.-dry equivalent of' the green weight of' 30542 .117 would be 18.325.27 ( 60% of' green weight). This estimD.te is subj ected to the st.."'mdnrd error of' + 31.1%. Considering this" the reliable minimum est::i.rnnte of brunboo-yield would be 12626 tonnes. The mi.n:Lnrum of' the tuo estimntes of' bamboo yield i.e. about 11,000 tonnes colcuL.'1.ted by recruitment method Crul. be considered as a safe estimate. The av:::dlabil.i.:CY- of' above qun.ntiiy .is suQj.acir to-the development of: proper inf.'rastructure. _in _.:the. ..:tract.

- 24 -

MEWASI SURVEY Table 1 .1

Forest Area of Mewasi Division

Name of Area

1. Area of Old Taldoa Range of N.Dhule Dn.

2. Area of Mewasi estate

Area in Sq. Km.

253.43

459.13

712.56

... - ---- ,~.--- _.-

Table 1.2.

Estimate of tha-Forest area of Mewasi Division _____ ~u~n:...:d~e=r__'T~ree &____Q£en fore~..::t..::s~ ___ . ___ _

Total area in Ha

7 1256

.---_..-

Area under Tree & Open forest in ha.

63736.49

- 25 -

MEWASI SURVEY

Table 1.3.1

Distribution of Total Area (Ve~etation Class Tree Forest & Open Forests) by various characters

Topography

Flat Gently rolling Hilly Very Hilly Unspe­cified

Total

7684.54

% 12.1

2712.19

4.3

27121.91 13560.96

42.5 21 .3

12656.89 63736.49

19.8

0-10% 10-60%

Tablo 1 .. 3.2 Slope Classes

60-100% Over 100% Un s pe­cified

Total

9040.64 20793.46 19889.40 1356.10 12656.89 63736.49

Ridge top

Upper one

third

Middle one

third

Table 1 .3.3 Position on s20pe

Lower No Shal- Deep Unspe- Total one slope low rav- cified

third ravine ine

1356.10 7232.51 10396.73 23053.6290L',o.64 - 12656.89 63736.49

Table 1t3.4

Size Classes

Rege nera- Pole ~rop ti'on crop

Sma:l-r- - Big Mixe d Unspeci- Total timb e r Timber size fied

________________________________ ~------.------~cla~s~s~----------------

6780.48

Te ak

22149.56

1'1300.80 9040.64 5424.38 '18533.30 1Zi35.89 63736.49

Table 1.3.5 Forest type

Misc.Forests Misc+Tea k

17629.24 23957.69

Total

63736.49

'-S.No.

1 •

2.

3.

- 26 -

MEWASI SURVEY

Table 2

Total area and volume per hectare (M3) and standard error perc~ntage £or different £orest types.

Forest Type -Area(ha) % VOlume/ha SE%

Teak 22,149.56 34.75 23.226 28.95

MiscellanDous 17,629.24 27.65 29.364 16.93

Misc. 'with 23.957.69 37.60 48.427 17.47-Teak

Total 63,736.49 _---

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.r·i 0 u . · . (f) 0 eo 0 t.O <::t 0 0

(IJ (") (V) -0 (V) .n t- (V) -0 (l) ::- 0 I:- 0 ill 0J 0 (f) H (f) Cl t.O .,- r- OO ro ..-

~ (f)

C 0 (':1 (f) ..- ..- r- ' 0' C") t-- C> ~ IU' IU to l.n L{) ID 0 CO 0-

$2 r ro GJ CO I:- '" 0J 0- ro r- 0 . (!) (f) . . . '. . . · WI .Q H '" ~ '" 00 C") (") r- '"

§I (\J N CD ro (") , ~ r- ~ C\J

~ ro '" (") ..- (") ID U 0 H o 0 oJ) LO r- ID ID ~ .Q > • C'J <X (f)E; 0

CDI oca 0 (f)

.0 C 8 0

'" I:- ~ (") <::t 0 IU t./) (") ..-,0 IU <::t (l) ..- """

('\I C\J <::t 0' (]) C") (") <:J" ..- ..- r- OO 0-

'1-1 (I) . · 0 C"} ..- 0- ~ L{) (V) ro 0J C\J (") ID 0' CO 0 CO CC r-

(") N t-.: ...- 0' ~ 0 ...c. ~ to ('\I r- r-·rl ill 3= c: c 0 (j) (f)

(j) ro (") ..- 0' (") ,-0 '" 0J L.()

H (]) C'J 0' 0J ..q (") r- ..- to (91 if) I:- r- '" 0J ...- --r 0

~ . . · ~ -0 0- 0J CD ."",~ 0- (Y) 0J

C (l) -.0 CO (Y) C'J .(") .", 0 GJ t- -.0 (") aJ ~ ..- '0J

~, H ~

H to 0J OJ 0' ::1

U

;1 r I .-'j .--I r-I

~I . CO t;:I ro S u I ~ ~ ~

.M! C'J C'? 0 ..- 0J 0 0

1tl13i CJ f-< f-< l-N ·rl U) -0

> C a: CO

U5i H ::- t9

! +> HI • ..-1

~I r-I

CI:l

EEl ::1 a

::::E

APPENDICES - - - - --- - - - -

APPEND IX-I

C~NG INSTRUCTICNS FOR FIELD ,W....QBJ.S

1. .PLor APPROA.cH FORM (Fi.eld-FoI:ffi No. 1.)

Th1.s form "Till give detail.s,. such as modes of travel used up to the reference point and conspicuous -features observed during the journey by vehicle as \'lell as on foot. The bearing from the reference point and the distance from the reference point to the nearest plot centre \1ill be. recorded in degrees/grades and in kilometres respect;lvely (e.g-. 500 metres elistance from the re'ference po;int to the plot centre will be \,lritten as 0.500 l:ms.> This form will also indicate the time of a~rival' at -the .reference point, time of arrival in the plot ls),. time 'of le?ving -the plot (s) and· time of returning to camp. All the timings Hill be written ;in hours and minutes. For example, 7.30 AM ~.-/ill be vJritten as 0730 hrs and 4.30 P.M. vlill be written as 1630 hrs. If the plot is visited on more than onc day separate Plot Approach Forms will be written on every cay. Thi.s -Form is !lot coded.

2. PLar DESCRIPTION FORM (Fi'E{ld F'o:Qn No.2)

Thi.s fonn \'71.11 ·be fi:lled in fo:r)evecy plot. An area of two ha. around the centre of the' plot ,,/i11 be examined for filling up this form. Ho\vever, the 2 ha. plot will not be demarcated on the ground., I:t may be noted that. one Plot Desc'ription Form will b~ use¢l ,for all the four _plots of.a cluster. Cod:i..ng ins,tructions are as follows :

1..

3 ..

Job No. (Qol.1-3)

Card Design (Col. 4-5')

Code ~ 02 03 04 05 06

State (Col.6)

Code -y-2

• : Three digit code \'1ill be filled in

by the Data Process 1ng Unit (DPU)

: '1\"0 digi.t code will 'be filled in py the DPU to distinguish different types of fo~s as given below.

.Item Plot Description Form Plot Enumeration Form Sample Tree Form

_ Barrboo Clump Analysis Form Bamboo Weight For.m Volume/Uti,l,ity Study Form. . . .. Single digit, code \o.1ill be used. For

the present, ., the Central Zone will be taking u~ survey in Gujarat and Maharashtra States only and the codes assigned are as under: State Guj~at Maharashtra

4.

5.

6 ...

District (Col. 7)

Forest D ivis:t<;,u

~Qde 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Landuse (<;ol.,_ 9)

~ Forest rand

-g"f--

s Single digit codes assigned to different districts are as under.

Name of district Broach D<;).ngs Surat Valsad Phule

, One digi~c .code Hill be filled in, for different Fore~t Divisions as uncl.er.

Forest Division South Dangs North Dangs Valsad Vyara Rajpipla East Rajpipla West Me-wasi..

, One digit code has b~en assigned, as given belO'"1 to denot.e various landuse classes.

Des'cription

All lands "'1ith a forest cover of trees, baniboos, grasses, palms and scrUb gro-w~h will be considered as forest land provided the land sur~ce is primarily used for forestry purposes. Specific ~.reas :to be included or: excluded are given below.

In.cl.ude I

a) Public and private forests

b) All plantations including one .rotation plantations, primarily used for forestry purposes.

c) Ar?as temporarily unstocked, as also young natu ral stands ,and all plantations established for forestry purposes· ",hich have not yet attained canopy density of more than 29%.

d) Forest roads, streams, other small open areas and forest nurse,::-ies 'i'lhich constitute an integral part of the forest.

~ode

1

2

3 ---4

5

6

7

8

9

.~~l!! Forest land (contd. )

Agri.cul tural tree land

Non-forestn-plant:.a:tions

Agricultural crop land

- Pasture· ,land

Urban are as, vi 1. l.a 00 .:::: ,:L t r.> oS

& indUS trial 21 reaS B a rren l and

Current s hifting cultivation (kumri) ,

e) Bamboo bearing areas ..

f) Abandoned CUltivations in fo~est area having forest cover.

g) All plantations raised along state and National High\Vays and oth2r roads & canals etc. as a part of social forestry programme

Description

.Exclude : Areas occupied by orchards, parks, l::lrivatc gardens and pastures .

: All lands presently under c uI tivatio of agricul turnl crops 1,'1 ith tree cover of any size and density~

:

:

Note : §12.L:I;t i..n.9:..S]}.,lli..Yi3.-_t i g n is no·t to be included he re .,

All Iands \'1 ith tree groHth planted primarily for purposes other tha n forestcy~

All l ands under cultivation (inclu­ding fallON lands) and those vJith­out any tree cove r . ... -J ill be included

h ere . Note : ~_t- in g__g0..J;:;i.y_a t i oI.L,~'II ilJ._D o-t

be included. -.---- .-... -~--

: All lands which are primarily manacrcc for cu1tivat i on of grasses and graz-­ing l"ut are not forest lands ..

: All lands uhich are us e d as urban a~~as, vi11age sites and industrial areas will come under th i s class.

: All lands lilith GXl,)osed s urface and Hhich are lying unu"'cilizod i. e. l ands \clith exposed r oc](s , sand­dunes , sHamps and .al.-eas ,v ithout Q Ggeta:c"iQP pte . ~';'ill come unde r this c l asS .

: Areas of current a s well as l ast Y Gars shifting cultivation ,viII come under this class.. Tbe agricultura l crop may be standing or may hav8 bee n ha~~ested recently .

: All 2.reas 'I:lhic h cannot be classed against any of t h e above c ateg-'oriGs Hil l be classed h e re.

Some examples :

i) Shifting Cultivation (Kumri)

_ LL..) AbandohGd shifting cultivation

iii.) Fam fOl."'Csts

iv) Perman~nt Cultivation

v) Grass banks

T..K3<Jal ~ catus (Col. 10)

Sode Item

1 Rese.r:va fOL""O",,'L

-89-

Note:

1. If th2 centre of the grid i.s inaccessible, fill in the infor-mation upto col. 8 in the Plot Description Fom and Hrite "INACCESSIBLE" in hlock le-tters in the remaining columns. 2. In case of fon~stry plantations all the columns of the forms t-lill be filled i.n ..

Spifting cUl.tivation cl1l.-rently under crop or just haxvested VJill be classified as current Kumri.

: Sites covered ''''ith trees/scrub/ banrooos/grass growth of any density \_, ill be class ified as forest lands ..

If a fam forest admeasures less than D.5 ha. it will be classified as agricultural tree land. If it admeasures more than 0.5 ha. it i-Jill ,be treated as forest land.

: 1'.reas of forest villages (v;ithin reseL~ed forest & protected forest) will be classified as ~gri­cultural crop land.

: Fodder bank areas enclosed :in a ~scrved forest 'I.viJ,l bG Classified as forest because they are primarily not maintained as pasture or grazing _Land but are a part 0:[ forest land.

One digit code Hill be filled in as undel.- :

Dcscript_;j_on

; As per definition given in Indian Forest J~et. 1927.

2

3

Protected forest: -do-

Unclassed

4 National Park

". Areas \tlhich arc not classified as Reserve or Protected forest but \.!bich are Govt .. lands and bear forest crops. They may be the property of any ·Govt. Department.

: hreas ,·,hieh have been declared • as National Park by a legislation

\-lill be kept under this class.

5 Private forests : Forest lands and agricultural tree lands owned by private individuals, communities or corporations will " c('"'fnC' under this categol.Y.

6

8

Undete nnined : Any forest land which cannot be classed under any of the above categories will be·classif~d ~~. ~

General topography (Col.11)

: Gene ral topography of the ·a;rea

Code

1 2 3 4

Item __

Flat Ge ntly rolling Hilly Very hilly •

around the centre of the grid \'-'ill be determined from 1;63,360 or 1:50,000 topo sheat. For determining the general topography of the tract 6 to 8 sq.Jcm. of area 1I-lill be consi­dered. It .,7ould thus be clear that by Cl.nd large .911 the four...IU.g_i;§. of a cluste~"l!.~Relong to the same. topoerraphy class,

.,...- ,Slope (Col~ 12)

: The slope \--1ill be classifiE:d in following slope classes by examining the photography in about 1 1 sq.kmt. area round the grid cent .. ce on 1:63,360 or 1:50,000 scale topo sheet map and re corded us ing the codes mentioned against them .. However" ""hen the,re is a ridge passing-through the grid in such a manner that the 0.1 ha plot are separated, the actual slope of

Code 1. 2 3 4

Item __ _ Las s "than 1. 0%

each p lot will be mea sured and compa·red t'Jith the general slope .... and the general plope- class. determined from the map· would be recorde d. E)~mPle = Plot s lope is less than "i"OOg 1 sq. km. area arC1Und plot cen!- r e has slope more than 30%. The plot will be classified as b e longing to slope class 10 to l ess than 60%-.. - - ------ _- -

10 to l ess than 60% 60% to l ess than 100% 100% and above.

10.

1 2 .

Posit'ion -on- slope (Col. 13)

-91-

: -The position of a _plot- h'ilJ be examined on 1:63, 360 or 1,,)0,000 s cal e 'copo s hee t and its POS it ion \'lith refe):-ence to hill slope on

.~ihich it is located ~"'il1 be class­ifi{;u=!-, :q,S :-

1. Ridge top 2 UP!?f-!T one th ird 3 Biddle one tr,l.ird 4 Lower one. th.i,rt1 5 No slope 6 In shallot'll' ravine (CI.epth 0£

ravines less -t.han 5 metre) 7 Deep ravines ( over 5 metre in

depth)

Aspect (Col. 14)

~or:e.. I t;gw

1 '!'-Tort-horn 2 .N:orth'_:c.2lsto r.n' 3 Eastern 4 South-eastern :j 'Southern 6 Sou th-t·/cstel:"n 7 j;-U~stern 8 N O .l:th-l.,;cste.rn 9 No aspect.

RockinC's:c>' (('0] .15)

Co~ Ii:..§.m.

1 High

2 Medium

3 Low

4 No roc k

; Aspect refe rs to the d :;_~ction oE ·the slope. A C0ntpa.ss bepring will be taken :Erom the centre of the plot in the direction of t he maximum slope. Aspect will be recorded in one of the fOllotving classes.

Rockine,s.s re£ers to the deg.1.ue or presence of rock covering the J.and surface in a 2 ha. a~~a around the 0.1 ha p.1.ot ceni.- re. Small piece s of ,bro k en stones, boulders and p e bbles Hil l not cons ·tit ute " roc;k" . The various classes will be .. .;as u nde r:

Description

When more than 80,% area is COVe red by rOck ..

When 30 to 80% are a is covered by rock. vlhen less than 30% area i s covered by rock . Roc];;: absent and entire land surfa c e available £or tree g r owth .

13. Soil data

(Lsoil sample obtained i:>y di9CJing a)

13

13

(a) Humus (CoL. 16

Code Item 1 Shallo''''

? IvT.cdium

3 Deep

4- N0 humus

(b) Soil Colour

£Q..<lg

1 2 3 4 5

(Col. 17)

..Item Black BrOt'ln Red OthGr No. soil

-92-

: Soil in:E~:nnation l'lill be collected for plots belonging to Forest Lands under the Land use Classifi~ation. The infonnation on Soil Humus; Soil Colour, Soil Consistence soil Te~:ture, Coarse Fragment Constitu­ents, Soil depth (13(a) to 13(f)) Houl.d be collected by e~:::amining theL: soil pit in the predominant soil type occurring in about 2 ha. area around the plot centre. The depth upto which the plot pit ",ould be dug shall not be less than 15 cms.

: Humus is the decomposed organic matter ( leaves, twigs, branches e tc) which has become a pa rt of the Upp2r mob~ soil layer. It should

::

be clearly distinguished from the undecomposed leaf littor. The later should, -therefore, be removed from soil surface b-2fore making any l't'IGasurements. Presence of humus will be classified in one of the folloltling classes.

Description. ,\:.1hen the humus is Ie ss than 5 ems thick. Nhen the thickness of humus layer is from 5 cm. to under 10 C)l1S.

HhCn the thickness of humuS layer is 10 cms and more. When the humus layer is absent.

The colour of the upper horizon of the soil belm", the humus layer v'ill be dct0r.mincd and classified as Ulh .. ]\::?' .1." :

13 (c) Soil Consistency (Col. 18)

2

3

4

Item

Friable

Slightl.y 'compact

Compact

Ccmc~ntcd.

5 No soil

:I~, (fl) Soil TCA-t:n,I.D (Col _ :l~)

CoG.~ .±j-;em

1 Clayey 2 Cli2YC:Y loam

3 boam

4 Sandy loam

5 Sandy 6 No soil

... 93-

Soil consi.stency comprisC's Ll~G: nature of soil ma-terj.ai that is ... :>:xpressed by the deg.r.uC and kind of cohesion or rcsistence to deformation or rupture. To evalu­at.} consistency selec'c 3nd attempt to cx:ush in 'che hand a small soil mass that appea.L""S sl ightly moist and c~le as follows :

Description

Soil Hhich is loose and \"h ich c.ru.rrbles very easily ...... 'ith a ,,,light pressure oJ: £ ingars. Sand cont.ent is high in this type. Diggi:ng is very easy.

Soil \"hich sticks toget:.her as a lump Itlhen -taken in hand. Digging a pit in thi.s type of soil is very casy vJi:t.h a pick--axe and is ::-;omparatively easier t:.han in a con~act soil. Such a soil can be scrapped easily 'ilith the toe of shoe,.

Soil which is difficult to dig. ClaY conten·t. is high in this t~'Pe and the soil is hard due to soil PLl ctj.clr--s sticking compactly.

Soi 1 in \'Jhich digging is pract ically impo~sible due to soil paLticles ....:em'~nting togethe r ..

Te,Xture of soil re£ers to relative occurrence of clay,. silt and sand part.icles,. Examine the tc::-...ture of -1::11e oS 01.1 in the region of the pit whe re the humus and the min2ral so~_l ar8 Jilj_xed by feel .ing ,'1 ith the hand and classi£y i.t in one of the folloHing cate~Jories and record the coC:e nurt'b '~r.

~_e E.-C;_D.J?.J...J",® Soil contains mostly clay particles Soil naving higher perc~ntage of clay particles but also some sand and silt. Soil having mostly s il t and Sand "lith some clay. Soil in 'il/hich sand pal."ticles pre-, dominant but also containing s il t. Soil h~ving mostly sand particles.

13

13

14

-9/r

(e)

2

3

Coarse fragments : (Col. 20)

.!:t;:em

Loose stones Bouldery

Gravely

4 No coarse fragments.

Soil depth (Col. 21)

"!'_t.9Il. Very shaJ.1QN

Shalla;v

3 l-1cdium

V00eta'cion (Col. .. 22)

Code

1

Itcn,

'i're':) forest

Coarse- fragments like gravel boulders, loose stones present in the soil mass should be indicated as per code given bela" ••

~ri..£tion

Stones marc t:han 25 cm dia present.

1:3 roken stones of diameter varying :E'rom 8 cm to 25 em. present. Stony :Eragments less than 8 cm. oia p l.'Bsent.

Note :_ The pregence_ of coarse f ragm8 nts tv ill be recorded only ,,,,,hen mo~e than 50% of 2 ha. plot is coveL-cd \lith such fragments. OCher \"lise code number 4 vlill be given.

Depth of soil vd_ll be estimated by oigging a 15 em deep pit and 1J1-18ssing the remaiP.ing depth. The guess \'1 ill bs b':J..::-ed on all ava ilable inror:mation, cog. exposed b.1ock Goj,l profiles on nala bankS, road rUT_tings etc. and on lu:x:uariance of ~.rogei_-:at ion ..

£.:"'script -; 011

Soi} depth less than 15 cms •

.so::"l dept.!! 15 cms and more but less than 30 cms.

Soil depth 30 cms. and more but less -J:.han 90 cmsoo

Soil ']epth 90 cns .. and more.

: vJ~1e-:l tl"l12 land use is inr1 icw·ted as 1J.!'Gr_'~tl (i.e .. code 1 in Col .. 9) thol, JIlly -1:-1"10 vege-cation descrip­tic"--. "lill be given as per classifi­ca-cion <;oded as follO\"-'s :-

Des c r i-ry!;j,QD,

Forest lands to,ith tree canopy den­sity more -than 29%. Description of areas -to be included or excluded is given belo·,,. :

&-.ll.I:C2S __ t_Q. be included

a) P'lblic and private forests

~g.r1L

2 Open forest

3 Scrub forest

4 Tre,e _in line

5 Grassy blanks

Othe_rs

-95-

b) All plan-cations" primax-j_ly meant for forestry purposes.

c) N'atural regeneration a _t:"e q _"nCl young plantaT .. i •. :nlt3 (, prima rily established for forestry purposes) in ",hich the tree canopy density is not yet more than 29%.

d) Forest roads, streams and other small open areas as also forcstLY nurseries that are an integral part of the forest.

B) ~_a§_t~..o be eY,;.9_1"l;lded

a) Areas o<;;.c.upied by orchards_, parks rrivate gardens and pas·tures.

b) Areas smaller than 0.5 ha. occupied by isolated t:rec~: groups.

c) NarroN strips of tree clad areas, such a~ \-/ ind brakes, she1 ter belts~ road side/canal side plantations, tree belts along stL--eam beds etc., h'hich are too small to be managed as forest.

Areas having tree canopy cover ranging from 5 to 29%. It may have under growth of any density (under growth is defined as growth of shrubby species.)

.Inferior qroH'ch chioflv of small or stunted trees ( tree canopy less than 50% and shrubs.

This will includ8 trees plani.:ed along canal banks, roadsides as wind brakes or shelter belts ana under social forestry progranm1e.

This class covers a.reas cove_red predorriinent:ly with grasses and would include open forest areas Nith tree canoPY density less 'chan 5%. High grass density may be the result of old and repeated shifting cultivation. P.n area which cannot be classj_fied in any of the above ca_tego ries Hill be .included in this class.

15 Origin of stand (Col. 23)

<Item

NaJcural forest

I'-::'~n-made -£ orest (P1Slritaj:i6ns)

-96.--

: Origin of forest stand I·"i~l be clasSified as :

Descrintioj}

F 'orests of seed and coppice orig in ..

A fores·.: crop raifled arcificial"ly either by sowing or by planting.

3 Na tu'ra l-cum-man­made :E ore sts

Forests 1!Jhich are partly of seed/ coppice ori.gi.n and p al.-tly plan'cations ..

4

5 Social forests

16 , _ Crop, compos i Eion (Col. 24)

':£9.cl.9. 1

2 '

3

4

, ~I·t...Eml .1

Teak for0[,-!:.

Mi n e. fcirest

) .. • .. r . l

Misc. with t eak

J.ion teik pL'3.rl -rK-:t tion Others

'1 T. C a nopy l aye.r or storey ( Col. 25)

( / the balance trees are of rn.:isc _ f'p.gcies .)

Old • Kumri areaS (shi.fting cul­tivRtion) which are restocked either ':lith tree, be.roboo or grass \-1ill be classified under this class.

.The plantations made along road sides e.nd canal banks 1" ill be cla­ssed as social rorests.

~

N.B. This will be distinguished only v;hen the vegetation (col. 22) has been classed as Tree Forest (Code l)or Open Forest ( code 2) • Crop compos ition of ·the plo·t, as also th8,t of its 2 ha. surroun will be distinguished as

. follo~'lS S

.DGli-~riQt-ion

A ,stand in \'1hich t he pc rcentage of teak trees is 2 0 or more.

A 'stand in which the percentage o f miscellaneous species is 95 or more ..

'A stand in Hhich teak percentage varies 'behleen more than 5 & :tess than 20 & L

• Th~s will i.nclude plantati.ons of S 'P2 cies othe r 'c h a n tealc .

" . 'IYlJes which ,are n ot distinguished in al1Y" o,f the above classes.

: N. B . This , 1.-Jill be distinguis h e d only ItJhen the vegetat ion (Col. 22) has b e en classed as Tree Forest (Cede 1) or Open Forest (Code 2 ) ..

C anopy l ayer i s oefined as a hori­zontal s -t: ratUllI i n a pla nt communj.ty .. e Gch 1 a y e L" being called a storey ..

18.

1

2

3

One storeyed A small height variation may exist forest -- even in one storeyed forest ..

~vo storeyed Variation in cahbpy layers distin-forest quishable into upper and lower

storeys.

Three or moreThe va~iation in height ~s very storeyed largG and in most cases it is forest no-\:. possible to group the trees

in canopies.

Toy J-bigpt (Col. 26-27)

: The average height of dominent trees occurring in the plot or its su rround of 2 ha.. area 1;7 ill be estimated in 5 metre classes. The estimated height \'lill be checked by measuring a fe\'>1 trees say 2-3 trees Exaropl£ : .... If the average he ight of -crees is· 27 me-tres4 round it o:f.f to 25 metres, similnrly if the aye rage height is 28 metres, round it orf to 30 metres.

Note ~- In a young crop with seatt­eJ?ed moth8r trees the top height of the young trees should be recorded Ignore the mother trees when estimating the height.

Size class (CoJ_.. 28)

: Depending on the use to ..... lh ich the tree crop of·a stand can be put, folloYlingclasse~ \...rill be distinguished.

2

3

4

5

Item Description

Regener.:r.tidn Crop b.::~low 10 ems.- diameter pre-cr~ dominating.

Pole crop Crop betHcen 10-20 Cms. diameter pre-dominating.

Small timber Crop bet ..... leen 10 ·to unCler 30 ems. dia. predominating and o:e \vhich more than 40% trees are of 20-30 ems. diameter class.

·Big timber

Mixed size class

Trees uith diaIn8ter 30 ems .. and ove r prc.-domina"cing.

"Tree crop '>lith no mark~d domination or any size c ·lass-.

20.

21.

22.

Canopy dens iJcy (Col. 29)

S=:'p_dq, It .. !2El 1 Scrub 6,

Grassy blank 2 O-pen

3 Medium

4 'Dense

Regene ration (Col. 30)

f.p_.::}£

1

2

3

4

5

6

Item

Profuse

Adequate

Inadequate

Abs e nt

I njuri2s . to crop (Co l. 31)

-9B-

: Canopy density is defined as the relative completeness of canoPy expressed as p e rcentage taking closed canopy as 100. Standing in the plot or in the area around it observe the tree cover immediC'l.tely above your head and aSsess the pe reen-cage of sky-space cove red. and classify in the followi.ng density classes.

:

E>...~..!-.Y.. C las se...§.

o to 4%

5 to 29%

30 to 69%

70% and above.

The regeneration of teak ( Teet-ana) grandis), bija ( Pteroca~~US marsupium) hald u ( Adina cord ifolia), Kalam ( Mitra9'..!na parvifolia), ,Saja (Sadad) (Terminalia crenulat<"l), Tiwas (Tinsa) (Ouge nia oojeinensis) ~'lill be considered. FolloHing regeneration classes a~U made to decide the s-catus ,of regenera-cion.

De scri_l2..t ion

2500 or more seedlings pe r ha uniformly distributed over the area (More than 4 seedl ings per 16 sq. m2tres) • 1200 to under 25 00 seedlings per ha ( more than ~ or 3 s eedl ings p e r 16 sq. metres) •

. ::> eeo.l ings l ess than 1 200 per ha (i.e. l ess t hall 2 s eedl ingB per 16 sq. met r es ).

No regeneration. Regen e ration :pre~.Gni.:: put; damagc=d

or burnt. Crop not in n eed of regeneration (vi::. high density pole or mic1cl e age d crap of valuable spp.).

Borer attac k, topdrying gil~"1ing, scar r i ng etc . of t rees '~Till be recorded as :col 1 oVls , p r o vio.ed the af f ecJced trees fO l.1l1 at l e ast 10% of t.he crop ,

23

~o§.e

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Past (Col.

CQ..de

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

treatment 32)

CD'-lSD incidonco (Col. 34)

1

2

3

4

:

D?j;~ilA

Borer attack, leaf defoliater attack or carnage by other pest epidemic.

Top drying of t"imber trees which may have occurred in the curren·t year or one year bacJ<.

Girdl"ing and felling of trees for encroachment,

Scarring of trees.

Grazing l browsing and lopping for fodder.

Wind damage

C 1 imbe r damage

Other inuries (e.g. illicit faIlings lightening damage, \"lild life damage

!.Jo injuries.

Treatment given to the crop in the past irlill be recorded in one of the follaling classes. This infonnation can be supplemented from Working Plans, Compartment History Files or by enqu.iry £rom local forest o:Eficers.

Detail~

Improvement fellings

Tending

Thinning and selection fellings

Coppice with reseJ~es/sta~dards

Clear fe~ling

No operations

Kumri cultivation.

: The occurrence of grass in the plot ""ill be rccorcl.ed as given belo,·" :

Details

Grass gradth scattered.

Medium grass growth

Dcns.3 grass grot..rth

Grass absent.

25.

26.

Fire incidence (Col. 34)

Barriboo data (Col. 35 to .56)

26 (a) Bamboo density (Col. 35)

Code ~.,. ------.....-

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

-100-

: Based on evidence such as ex~stence of fire scars etc. on tree_ "s-tcms, occurrence of fire during the current and previous years Iv ill be indicated as follol,V's :

Details

Prese nt

Absent

: The composi:tion of bamboo crop i n the 2 ha. surround of the plot will be recorded in major groups as follo\vs :

: The s ens ity of baniboo clumps of all species will be depicted using follOl-ling code numbers :~

D e scription

Pure baniboo--200 0 r more cl umps/h3. •

Very dense -~50 to unde r 200 clumps/ ha. Dense - ~OO to under- ~50 clllInps/ha.

Moderate ly - 50 to under 100 clumpq/ ha.

Sca-t.tered 25 to u nder 50 clumps/ ha.

Spa r se 5 to unde r 25 clumps/ha.

No bamboo Bamboo clumps l ess than 5/ha. 01.- absent ..

L-1.J1. aggrega:L:2 of culms i s suing from -the same rhizome system \-Jill cons-t.itute a clump. (E~ clump would normally h ave more tha n one culm). A cltimp will b e disti nguished as an inclopondon L c lump whe ro its periphcl.Y i s e a sily discernible f r om adj as_cent clumps irl:."Bspect: ive of its distance from othe rs. However, Whe n such a dis tinction is not pos s ible, tt-IO clumps within half metre' distance will be r e garded as one, Only such Bamboo dl)oots 'Ir-lhich arc mo re tha n 2 mete r s in height and more than 2 ems . in d iamete r a t br:;iast h e ight ' 'loul d b e considered as cUlms i n this s urvey.

1-1 o B. :- ,I n t h e :F'onn" colunms titled Group I, Group II etc . have b een provided for r e cording inf ormation conce rning each spec i es of bamboo separate_ly. It should, -there­fore " b e no-ced that bamboo inf ormation as d e t ail ed llnder 2 6 (b) to 2 6 ( f ) w il l b e recorded under diffe r e nt

-101-

groups depending on the species to which the Group relates. The groups are made as follO'-IS :

qroup No.

I

II

III

26 (b) Species Group I (Col.36-3S)

26 (c) Occurrence (Col. 39)

f.9.ge

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

S

9

S..J2"H~ .. ~ Dendrocalamus strictus

Bambusa arundinaceae

Other spocies of Bamboo

: Three dig~t code will be used to cenote the species. The list of species and their code is given at Annexure I.

: One digit code as follows v1i11 be used. The stocking of the species will be indicated with reference to interse stocking amongst the various species of bamboos, ( the total of the peD­centnge of all the bamboo species taken together will be hundred) • It: the occurrence is belO\,l 10% it would be ~gnored.

Stock~ng ~ercentage

1.0 to 1.9%

20 to 29%

30 to 39~

40 to 49%

50 to 59%

60 to 69%

70 to 79%

80 to 89%

90 to 99%

26.(d) Bamboo qual~ty (Col. 40)

: For determining the bamboo production capacity of a site, barriboo areas \'Iill be classified into bamboo-site-qua1ity classes. For this purpose the overages of measurements of tallest culms occurring in the 2 ha plot \.,,111 provide the data. Following codes will denote the Bamboo quality classes

Code

~

3

Bamboo site Quantity £.lAs s ____ _

I

II

III

26 (e) ·Flo'.lcring (Col. 41)

Co_~

1

2

Tc DniuQ...J..Q_gy

Sporadic

Grogarious

No flo\Jeri:Hg

26 (£) R"g~'nQr;:'ltj nn (Col. 42)

CqS.9.

1.

2

3

4

-102-

Description

AverCl.gc culm Ii.cight 6 met.res or mOrc for Denclrocalamus strj_ctus and 14 metres or more for Bambus-a arundinacca.

Ave rage culm he ight 4 metres or mo're but less than 6 metres for Dendrocalamus strictus' and 10 metres or more but less than 14 Inc-eres for Barribusa arundinacca.

Average culm height 2 metres or more but less than 4 metres for Dendrocalamus strictus and 2 m2·tres and more but less than 10 metres for Baffibusa arundinacea.

:: The extcnt of flo' .... ering Hill be filled in as follo'..-1s :

£.ei;_~U_§

Wben less than 10% of the clumps have flCM.:!red. When 14hcilc bdle :t lOHcrj.ng is taking place.

Note : It should be remerrbered that a bamboo clump dies after it has flowe red. In case of gregarious flo,,,"ering, therefore, vJ1101e sale morcal ity of clumps s hall have occurred or Shall oC!cur.

, -: Such bamboo areas, Hh8re clump

formation has not yet 'ca}-:en place or Which are under natural or artifi.cial regene ra·t.ion of bamb()OD. These will be classified as follows :-

E?_§:ta il,'J

Donse

Hedium

Scattc.red

Absent

27. Plot No. (Col. 57)

_S9dc

1

2

3

4

28. M(lap sheet No. Col. 70-75)

~"sheet 1:63360 1:50000

46 B 46 B/12 46 B/16

46 C 46 C/9 46 C/l0 46 C/11 46 C/12 46 C/1.3 .4.6 C/14 46 C/15 46 C/16

46 D 46 D/9 46 D/ll 46 D/12 46 D/13 46 D/14 46 D/15 46 D/16

46 G 46 G/l 46 G/2 46 G/3 46 G/4 46 G/5 46 G/6 46 G/7 46 G/8 46 G/9 46 G/10 46 G/11 46 G/12 46 G/13 46 G/14 46 G/15

-10.3-

: Plot Nos. of 0.1 ha. plots in a cluster ,-Jill be recorded in one digit code as fo110\lls :

Item

North - Western Plot

North Eastern Plot

South Eastern Plot

South ~vestern Plot

: The map sheet nos. of the topo sheets to be used in the area have been given code numbers as indica-t.ed in the table hereunder. It is to be noted that a six- digit code is used for denoting a map sheet ..

Code

460212 460216

460309 460310 460311. 4603 2 4603.-1..3 460314 460315 460316

460409 460411 460412 460413 4-60414 460415 460416

460701 460702 460703 460704 460705 460706 460707 460708 460709 460710 460711 460712 460713 4ei0714 460715

-104-

(Contd. Col.70-7S)

;1-.11 4 sheet

46 G

46 H

46 K

29. Grid number (Col .. 76-79)

1 :63360 ' 1:50000

46 G/1?

46 H/1 46 H/2 46 H/3 46 H/4 46 H/5 46 H/6 -16 H/7 46 H/8 46 H/9 46" H/IO 46 H/13 46 H/,14

46 1</1 46 K/2 46 1</3 46 K/6 46 K/7

:

Code

460716

460801 460802 460803 460804 460805 460806 460807 460808 460809 460810 460813 460814

461101 461102 461103 461106 461107

A grid will be identified by the coordinates of the S'l-v corne r of the grid. Four digit code will be use d to denote the grid no. It:. should be noted -chat -the first th 0 digits give the coo rdinate along the Y axis and -che last tHO digits along its X axis. For example... in ·grid no. 0305 - 03 .. ..;ill be read along Y axis and 05 along X axis.

3. PLOT ENUMERATION FORr·! TField Fonn No. 3;-

In the Plot Enumeration Form enume ration data of -crees and bamboo clumps Hill be recorded. Trees below 10 cm diameter at breast height over bark (dbhob) are not: to be .e nume rated .

Plot Enumeration Form for each plo't: ( of 0 • . 1 ha ) , -7ill be maintained sepa.rately. If a plot contains S'J large a number of -t.-.rees/ba rriboo cluF"J,s that the da .~a of all cannot be accorrmodat:od i n one single form-sheet additional torm s heet ( 5 ) in continu<1tio n may be use d and i.n that cas e the -co tal or tree s/bamboa clumPS in the pI at \-J ill be given on ·Ch8 l<'1st page.

-106-

In case -th<""re is forking on a tree belo\'" it:s breas'(; height diameter of ouch forked stem vJill be measured at breast. IVeight and recorded separately as if for bvo trees.

Dead trees, if not rotten, and provided 70% of the ir ,,'lood is utilisable .. Hill also be enumerated

The diameter of a bamboo-clump will be measured at its bCl.SC:: , lith the help of a tape.

8. Plot No. ( Col. 72) One digit code H ill be used to donote plot number.

9. Total number of bamboo clumps (Col.73-7S)

: Tot a l number of bamboo clumps occurring in the plot Vlill be recorded in three digit ccx.le.

10. Total number of trees (Col. 76-78)

':1:1. Number of Kha ir trees (Col. 79-80)

: Total number of trees occurring in the plot vTil1 be recorded in three digit code.

: To-tal number of Khair trees occurring in the p lot will be recordod- in t'NO digit code.

4 .S.~PLE TREE FORM (Fiold Ponn No.4)

The data for filli : :g up this fonn would be colle cted fro m t\'IO 0.1. ha plots be '3. ring number 2 and 4 ( in t:he cluster of plots of a grid). 'rha"c moans the plots numbered 2 and 4 in a grid would be the sample tre e p lots.

It ,-lould b e remembered that data of all trees 10 ems and above d bhQb H ill be collected from the northce rn h a lf part of the North-t'le ste rn quadrant o f the plot and from the remaining part data of trees heving d iarne-cer 30 cms dbhob and ",bove Hi:l_.l he collected for £i.lling up s a mple tree ' form.

On each s ample tree , samp l e tr8c card ".]ill b e nailed and -t.he o .at:a as give n be la,,,, vJill be f i llEld in acco.rd.ing t o the ,space provided in card.

1. S .No. of t:ree 4. Dbhob 7. Clea r bol e

2 . 5.

8 .

Species 3 . Double bark 6 . thicJ'Cne s s 9. Form

L o ngitudinal ••• Sectio nal

dominan ce T o t a l h e ight De£@cts Natural •••

Ot.her

-107--

Coding instructions for filling up this form are as folloi'ls· :-

1. Job No. (Col. 1-3)

2. Card C!.cs ign (Col. 4-5)

3. State (Col. 6)

4. Division (Col. 7)

5. Tree SG~ial Number (COl. 8-9)

6.

(Col .. 3 7-38)

SUGcies (Col. 10-12) (Col .. 39-41)

7. Dominance (~ol. J.3) (Col. 42)

Lused for various forest diVision are

Code

1

2

4

. .!:.:t_§!LlJ P redominan-I:

Codominnnt

Dominat-.ed

. Suppressed

\

: The details will be filled in by DFU

-do:.

: One digi-c code will be used to denote the State (Code No. 1 for Gujarat and 2 for 1-1aharash-t.ra) •

: One digit code ",ill be used t:o deno"t.<2 the Division. The code to beL given at page __ _

; 'litlo digit code cor~-esponding to the serial number of tree measured ,., ill be used for each sample -t.ree.

: Usc three digit code

The position of each sample tree in the canopy Nill be determined in relation to its surrounding trees~ One digit code ",-ill be u,sed to deno~t.e the :Eo110N ing classes !

Dominant trGes arc distinguished as Fre-dominant and Codominant.

Description

Compris ing all -t.he tal1Gst trees ,"'bich determine the general top level of the canopy and are free from verticle competition.

Comp,rj_s ing thG rest of the dominants falling short of and averaging about 5/6-t:h of the average he ight of prc--dominan·t.s ..

Trees ",hich do not form part of the upper most l e af canopy, but the loading shoots of Which are not definitely over-topped by the neighbouring trees. Their height is about %th of the Fre­dominant trees •

Trees which reach only about ~ ~o 5/Sth of the height of the Predominant trees \'lith their lea_ding .shoots definitely over­topped by the ir neighbours or at least shaded on all sides by thorn.

~l!l Sol.itary

6 Abnormal X and Damaged A Trees. X

8. _DBH OB (Col. 14-16) (Col. 43-45)

9. DET

1,0 .. _

(Col. 17-18) (Col. 46-47)

T,:C0G I-b ight (Col. 1.9-20) (Col. 48-49)

1 1 _ clc.-Ir bole (Col. ~1.-:?7.) (Col. 50-51)

12. LonQ":i;t;udj Flrt], !i'o,nTI (Col. 23) . (Col. 52)

-10B;.,

Descri.:ption

}'Jhen trees are .scattered and dominance cannot be dercr,nd.ncd.

: Diameter at breaE,t he igh-l:: over: bark Hill be recorded to the nearest em in three digit code.

: Double bark thickness \'7i11 be measured at tVJO points diamet-orj.­cally oppos itc to C.::1c!l other at breast heigh't and recorded 'co the nearGst millimetre in tHO digit: code

. . Height of tree will be measured to the nearest metre Hi-:-.l1. B1.um(;­Ie iss Hypsometer ( ,or any oT.her he ight measuring instrument) and recorded in th'O digi.t code. He ight ll1easu.rement will be taken f rom the ba se Or the tree on uphill side to the tip of its crOHn. (\lhile m-casuring the height or a tree s·i:anding on slope of more than 3 0 with an instrument" such as an Abney f s level, necessarv slope correction will be me.de. -ik:! iaht or a leaning tree also ',lQuld similarly be corrected) ..

~ Clear bole is, the length betHeen "i::he base of a tree upto the beginn­ing of the reqular crown. It VJill be determined by measuring to the nearest m8tre r he ight bet:Hcen th e base of the tree on uphill side to the first live branch \-lith a Blumeleiss Hypsometer, and rGcorded .in b;'10 digit code~

Under this it ~s to be indicated Whether the axis of the stem runs in a straight line or not. It is not to be con£us'ed With the lean of the tr8e . The information \" i11 be coded as gj_ven h ,_-.. reuncler ..

1 Very straight

Des c ri]2tion

Complete bole in .:l. st. ra.1 gIlt;. line along the axis of the tree.

S 1 ighJcly bent Axis pf the hole deviates slightly from the straight line (say less than 10 degrees).

3 One pronounced Axis of the bole un.::1ergoes one bend pronounced bend ( more than 100)

4 l·lorc than one pronounced bends

13 .. Sectional Form (Col. 24) (Col. 53)

2

.~

3

4

~tem

CircuLar

Elliptical

Fluted

Buttr.essed

1.4. Nutllr<=lJ Defocts (Col. 25) (Col. 54)

Code

1

Axis of the bole undergoes morE:. than onc pronounced bends.

: Sectional Form v1ill be observed on the cross s2ctions of the bole bet':lecn the stUl11P and br~ast h.::d.ght. The obsel."Vations "dould be coded as folIa-IS ;

pescriptio!l

volhen th~ difference between t"IO d i.amete rs at righ·t. angle to each other is less than one-fi.fth of the bigger diameter.

When the di.ffe rence het\-leen two diameters at right angle to each other is more than one-fifth of the bigger diameter.

When the stem cross-section shows irregular involutions and sHcllings on the bole just above thd basal swell.

Buttresses arise as an out growth from the base of the tree connecting it ,-lith the roots in order to provide support against toppling. They are like exaggerated fluting involutions.

: Abnormali.ties which are natural and common, 1 ike Jcnots, callous formation, t\-.risted and spiral grain etc. \1ill be observed and coded as folloNS : Dqs crioti.on

Complete bole length free o£ natural defects.

One-third bole length affected .... 'i th naturc:.l defects.

3

4

15. Other D ~'fects (Col. 26) (Col. 55)

i

2

3

4

16. Total number of trees sampled

(Col. 67-6p)

17. Dist::rict (Col. 69)

18. Plot Numbe r (Col. 70)

4

19. Grid Number (Col. 71-74)

20. r'lap sheet Number ( Col. 75-80)

-110-

DescriRtiop

nvo-third bole l s ngth af£ected "Jith natural defects.

Full bole length affected With natural defects.

: Defects caused to the stem by biotic factors - such as borer attack, fire GcarS I dama ge by "r ile. life, gum tapping dam<l.ge and such other damages caused' by h uman agenciesl' c1 imber damage

,. 2t,C. These will be coded as £olloHs :

Description

Compl i3tc bole l,ength free from def~cts.

One-third of bole l e ngth detective.

'1\"'0 third of bolo length defective ..

Full bole length affected with defects.

: Total number of tree s sampled Hill be recordec;l in tvlO digit code.

: One digit code as given on page 6 ""ill be usod.

: One digi t code as given b e low wil'1 be used

.. !?es~ripti_Q.D,

Nor-'eh Eas tern pl o t o f 0.1 h.:t in a c.lu s ter.

Sout::h ItJestern plot of 0.1 ha in a cluster.

! Four digit code as eXl.:>iained on page 2 \ViII be use d.,

: Six digit code as e'>"''Plained on p~gcs ~ ___ '.'!ili . be used.

-111-

5~ BAMBOO ENUl1ERATION & CLUMP ANALYSIS FORM (Field .E:orm No.5)

It may be noted that information concerning total nUmber of bawhoo clumps and their respective diameters occurring in e2ch 0.1 ha plot h8.$ already been recorded in Field Form Nc .. 3 (Plot Enumeratidn Form). •

.. In this P onn now, data of each individual culm,

occurring in certain selected cI~mps of Plot No. 2 and 4 of the cluster, is to be rocorded. The clumps to be selected would be thos e which bear serial No. 1,9,17,25,33 etc. ti .e. the first clump and every eighth clump thereafter) of oach. series (i.o. of each sp2cies occuring in the plot).

For carrying out the analysis, it ,,~ould first of all be ClcJccrmincd whether a culm is Grccn...sound, \3recn Damaged, Dry Sound, Dry-Damaged or a Decayed culm, The Gr<~cn cUIms ( both Sound or Damaged) urG then further class ificd as current year I s culms~ onc to t\..ro years old culms and over two years old cUlms. In the case of Dry and DccuyQd culms ( both Sound as ,";011 Damaged,. hO''Jcver, the age classification is not necessary. The culms, other than tho current years a nd decayed culms both Green and Dry, arc further grouped unqcr diameter at breast height classes 2 cms to under 5 ems,· 5 cms to.. under 8 ems and 8 cms and over.

Note :- For the purpose o f this sUL-vey a CUlm ' .... ould be a bamboo \·Jhieh has dbh 2 cms and over and hoight 2 metres and over. Bamboos measuring l e ss ·thnn these measurements, if occurring in the clull1.P {s) to be analysed \V'ould be ignored fr:-om -t-h.;;. an<-l].ysj S _ Coding instructions are as follo."s :-

1. Job Number (Col. 1-3)

2. Card desiyn (Col. 4-5

3. Map she et No. (Col. 6':'11)

4. Grid Number (Col. 12-15)

5. Plot Nu.rnPcr (Col.16)

.92Slc RJ.Q.t 2 2

4 4

No~

• Will be filled ~n by the DPU.

: - do-:.

: Six digi·t. code as given on pages 20 and 21 ,·.il1 b~ used .

, Four digit C0('iO as given on pages 2 1 Hill be used.

: Will be indicated by one digit code as fol lows :

Descriptign

Northeastern plot of a cluster

S o u t hwestern p lot 6f a cluste r.

6.

7 ..

8 ..

9 _.

10 ..

S':Jocies (Col.17-19)

Clump Serial No. (Co;L'~ 20-21)

ClUmp di<J.mcter (Col. 22-24)

Clum'J Sj_Z2 class (Col: 2,5)

Code Clump size

~ 1

• 2 2

3 3

Culm Enumeration (Col. 26-67)

class

-112-

: Three digi"t code to indicate Bamboo speciGs Hill be used.

: Serial number of -the clump analysed Vlould be given.. It i~Tould be i.n t'V10 digit ( e.g. 01 09,17 etc.) ..

: Tho maximum and minimum diameter

:

. .

of the clump at its base will be measured, with a metallic tape, and -<::.11.12 average of the tl-JO diameters '.,'ould be r2corded in centimetres in three digit code.

One digit:. code as follows vlould be used :

Descriptio!)

I~ll clumps less than 1 me-cre diameter.

Clumps of diamete r b e t1fleen 1 me-cre and less than 2 me tros.

ClUmps of diameter 2 metres and over.

hil culms occurring in the clUmp selected for analysis ,""auld b e enumerated and each enumerated CUlm ,vould be rcc~rded by dash-dot method under its appropriate colunm. The total number of culms found under each class Hould ul timately be cxhibi ted in UI0 digit numbzrs (e.g. 01,02,09,10, :11 c-cc.)

A culra can eas ily be as signed to thc primacy status ox Green-SQun~1" Gr~n-Damaged... Dry-Sound, Dry-Damaged or D c c -ayed clas s by simply obsoxvill.9 it. A damaged culm would be the one t-lhich has b een lopped,. grazed or b r owsed in such a manner that it is broken. Furthe r classification into curre nt years culms, onc to two y ears old culms and over tv-IO years old culms would also be made on the bas is of e arlier fie ld exper:i:cnce. The rc.'cording as already explained would initially be donc follo\" ing the dash-dot mcthod, under aPP ,r::opria -'ce columns. Consoliqatcd final data \-Jould the n be f:Lllcd _up in the f onn m=ant- for the DPU.

Gr.2en Sound Bamboo

-11:3-

I) Current Yearrs (Col.26-27) These are not to be :[-utther sub­divided into diameter classes.

II) One to. '1\'10 seasons Old are d ·ividcd into three diameter classes i.. c. 2 to under 5 em (Col .. 28-29) I 5 to under 8 em (Col.30-31), and 8 cm and over (Col. 3.2....:33).

III) Over Two Seaso.ns Old arc divided into 3 diameter c1asses~ i.e. 2 to ~nder 5 em (Col.34-35), 5 to. under 8 em (Col. 36-37), 8 om and over (Col. 38-39)

Green Damaged Bamboo : l~ll cUlms which arc green and damaged T;J ill be recorded here.. These are furthG'r divi.ded into :

L!ry S ound BambOo.

Dry DamagG_d

DGcaycd

I)" Cu.rrent year IS (Col. 40-41)

II) One to tHO seasons old. These arc further divided into. diameter c'lasscs :

i) 2 to under 5 cm (Col.42-43) ii) 5 to under 8 em (Col. 44-45)

iLL) 8 ern and OVGr (Col.46-4·7) . .. III) Ovcr t,.vo seasons oJ.d.. These

are divided into diame ter classes ::

i) 2 to. under 5 Cm (Col.48-49) i.i) 5 t o under B em (Col.50-51)

iii) ~ em and above (Co.l.52-53)

:Dry h2.r~oOS Hill not b e analysed by age. They Hill be analysed only in th r:-ce diameter classes, viz.

i) 2 to under 5 em (Col.54-55) ii) 5 to unde-r 8 cm (Col.55-57) ,ii) 8 em and above (Col.58-59)

: ..:'\J. 1 cUlms which are dey and damaged .... :111 be recorded h e re. 'rlhese 'Vlill be classified unde r follo,ving diame ter classes :

i) 2 to under 5 cm (Col.60-51) ii) 5 to under 8 em (Col.52-63)

iii) 8 ern a nd enove (Co~.64-55) : The numbe r of burnt ana rotten

bamboos over 2 metres in length of no utility Nill be recorded under this cateogo.t.y (Col.66-6 7).

-114-

Tot:c< 1 Numbe r of Culm.s .•

: The total number of culms in each clump will be recorded h ere (Col. 68-70)

11. I,ve rage Culm fuight

(coJ •• 71-73)

: The average of the heights of s ix culms felled for bamboo weight data collection' .(F.ield Fonn No.6) will be measured in decimetrcs and recorded in three digit code .

1"2. Bainboo· Quality (Col.'74)

: For determining the bamboo production capacity of a site; bam-­boo areas will be classified into bamb site-qualit~ class. F o r this

Code

1

2

3

,r

purpose the average height ,of measur­ements of ta11'cst cUlms occurring in the 2 ·ha. plot will provide the d ata FolloHi..ilg codes will denote the bamboo quaiity classes.

Bamboo Sito Description Qual i ty C1a~

I 1'.vcrage· culm h e ig'ht 6 m~,tros or more for Dcndrocalamus s trictus and 14 metres or morc fo r Bambusa ar1,lndinacea.

II j\.verage culm h.aight 4 metres or more but less than 6 macres for' Dendrocalamus strictlls a nd 10 metres or more but less than 14 m-~tres -for B ambusa arundinacea.

III ~vcrage cu~m height 2 metres or more but less than 4 metres for Dendrocalamus strictus a nd 2 me tres a nd mom but l ess t}-lan 10 metres ;i:. or Banibus!3 arundinacea .

6 ... B;.e..I1BOO· t'.JE IGHT F oml - TF .iold--Fo~Jn No.6)-

For cle t e rnrlhing 'corcl:::.·t ion bet\ . ..,oon groe n and dry wo::Lghts 01: util izable barriboo culm l ength, data Hill be coll-­ecte.d in. tl-:<is. forn1. This form will, hO\-vcver, be fil led up for plo"cs in which bamboo has actually been f ound. A ttvo ha. area around the plot c e ntro Nil 1 constitut e the plot for this purpose.

For determining Bamboo Tilo ight corel ation, bvo mature bamboo cUlms from culm-diameter-classes 2 to und er 5 ems . 5 to under 8 'ems and 8 cms and over tvil l be s e l ected for fC'lling from the first. clump ,enumerated in the p l ot . If, however, the required type of necessary numbe r of culms of any diameter c lass ( o s) is/are not available in the f irst culms , the shortfall vlill be made good from t he clUmp next in the serial ovder of entrmoration. But, if the necessary

-115:"

nU!7'1-V2~~ 0:: 8uit:ablG culms are not available from any other clump of t.r.", :,\~,.)-c..I' i.n that case ,the rcc.[ldred number of cUlms will be ol.>t:aj_L(~(l :t.L:"cm the area in the immediate visinity of the plot.

For f_he purpo's'c of t.his survey a mature culm 'VJould be the: one Hhi-::h ' has put on morc than two years of g'rc)w'th.

The selected bainboo culms 'for obtaining the we ight data ~:,':i.ll be: felled at a he ight .25 ems above g round leyel. T{l8 t,,~:) felled -parriboos of each diameter class will be nUlnbered as Sample 1 and 2.. The total length of each felled bamboo culm \-lill bc mea-sured upto -;:ho tip and recorded in col .... s. 23-251' 36-38 or 49-51 o£ :tbe Field Form. The top ends of each felled bamboo -culm, from a point \'1here the diame ter i.s just 1 em, HilJ._ .then be chopped off. The length of the culm so left ,v iJ.l ·be the util.izClble length of the bamboos. The util.i:zabI8 length .of each culm 1."ill b e measured and recorded in -the appropriate column of the Field Form ( 26-28, 39-41, 52-54).

Gr~n weight o'f both the culms o'f each diameter class ~'J f ll then b(;:; t 'c(ken "t_o the nea rest 5 gms. \-Jith the h e lp of S cales and rdcordcd in the appropriate columns.

Now, three 50 ems long piece s, obtained one each from the:: -top, mi.s1o.le and the bottom portion of the bamboo marked as Sample:: if vlill be cut out a nd their green ,"eight­would be record.§3d int,the a ppr opriate columns (60-63,64-67 and 68-7:1..) against, Sample .1 cnly. It should be remembered that no corro sponGi,-it)g -dat a would be available for Samp le 2, and -t:herc £ore,. column numbers 60 to 71 against Sample 2 "'QuId remain b;:Lnn}:;:'.

T"'le 50 ems long s ample p i.ece s o£ each diam::tcr cln s s ""ould the n b e tied .. lith a barnboo strip of the same speciGls. Before ·the? pibces are tie d ir> a bundle, ho\ .... ever, the ir di a me t e r class, spec~j_es codu_, ·the plot code, the grid code, and th·~ map s ';.c s t c ( y1.8 ''''''0"1]_-:1. b e noted down on each piece for S ubse que nt i.denti :E ica.l: io:;:::-~

C ()5 i n g i '!.:::;i:.l.-U"::i:.-iOns :fo r fillihg the f o rms are as fo11or"7~~ '~

2 ..

3.

4 ..

~T o n N ...l.mu.w.r (Col. 1-3)

Card D e sign (Co l e 4-5 )

Ma p ·-s n cct Number (Col. 6 ":"11)

Grid -Numbe r (C oL 12-15)

: To be f i lled in by the DPU

. . -do:. : . Si;c d igit cod e as give n on page 20

& 21 w ill b e use~.

: - For d i.git code as given on pag e 21 w ill be use d.

5. P l.ot Nurnbe""'r (Col.16)

6. S"pecies (Col. 17-1'9)

7. Sample Number (Coi. :20) '0 -:

8. Green Weight Data (Col. 21-59)

9. Data f01: 'D~ WBi9ht Cor~~o.-t':lon (Col. 60-71)

-116-

& One digit code as gi.ven on page 19 will be used.

: Three. digit code t~ indicate bamboo .species w:ill be used.

: One digit code viz. 1 or 2 as the case may b~" 1;0 indicate the bamboo sample culm to "..,hich 'che data pertains w~ll be used.

: 1) Culm diamete'r at b'reast height measured in rom for diameter Classes 20 to under 50 mm~ 50 to under 80 mrri, '80 rom and over \-.Til'l be recorded aga'in..st each Sampie in Columns 21 to 22, 34 to 3S or 47 to 48 as the case ma~ be.

i1) The total height o~ the felled bamboo culm obtained by adding the stump height to the l~ngth measured upto the tip will be recorded in decimetres i"n 'chree' digi.t code in columns 23-25, 36-;38 and 49-51 as th,e Case may be' •

. iii) Utilizable length of felled bamboo cUlms' measui:-ed in decimetres wi'l.i be recorded in tl<lree digit code in Column 26 to 28, 39 to 41, 52 to 54 as the case may be.

iv) Weight ( in g~es ) of utiliza ble. ,cu-lm length will b e recorded to the p~i3-rest 5 grarrrrnes in five digit code in columns 29 to 33, 42 to 46 or 55 to 5~ ,as the case may be

• Weight in grammes of the three 50 ems. long p ,ieces obtai.ned from the top, middle and basal parts of Barrboo rna rked Sample 1 will be recorded in £ouJ: di.gi.t code .i.n col. 60-t6~63', 64 to 67 or 68,·to 71 as the. ,case may be.

-117-

fI-IAPTE R I II

§.EJ2E_I~L STUDY to~", VOLU~_ & UTILITY Cf'~~~S _L

, , -Gen~ral. .~_~ 'F~cr arri.v,ind '7!: th~ velume equati.o~ and appO.~ioning the ,:o?-urn~, am~mgpt 'u~i.J-.~.:ty C~asses a spepiaJ.. ~tus1y. of· (fcllmJing spec~es vlill be uhdert'akcn. \ ' l. - • .1., ,,))

., . ..J... ...

" ,Spocies ;f

'1:: TciC;:itona 9 rttnsiis 2 T~ . I' 1 ' • !:f.,..~na :La;. crenu a:ta 3. Pterecarpus marsupium

;.:. ,nUl l. l <:'~ ,

~.;-.:Ougcn.~a OO.J cinensis "-_ , " -/ ~ ,;'"

5 • ..i:DalbergLCt,' l-a,tifoJ.i;a

6. Lagcrstroemia parviflora

,f

7~"'" An,6geissUs. iatire1ia • , _,~~.a. . J

8,J.DJ..o~l?Y-ro'$ melan6xy.lon r

9'. Acacia catechu and ,~ P.c'acia: ' .:;nind'ra

...... - ,#

10. Adi'na cordi.'fO.l'ia

11.",hHitragy:na parviflO.ra

12 •. Lannea ceromandelica

13. TenTI'i~a'iia beleric~' , " I

f 14. Others . ~

Common n<1me

Teak - S agwan

L?<ur:;el - Sa.dad

\ - : E,:i.'.J a. ;,.(§i;o) 'j

Tinsa (Tiwas)

Rosewood Shisham

S idha (Bondaro) LloZ-ncllq

Axle\vood - Dhaoda

EbeltW - Tendu (Temru)

!<hair

Haldu

Kalam

Moycn (Mcdada)

Bahcda - (Bahedc)

This ·special s ·tudy 'l1culd be made on a minirrRlm of ten trees 'oz· each diafue'ter ( 'a,t breast height cver bark) class, viz •

.;.' , {: I' ..... .,_ ,

i) 10 to' u/15" cms 6) 35 to' u/40 cms.

2) 15 tQ u/20 qns-.t'

,1.[3)" '20 t'O u/2S' ems'

, 4i: ,,~,5 · to' }ll ~JR SHtI3; .... ,""-• '5)' '3'0 Jto UY35 'cms' QJ ,Eo" (';' "

,7). 4,0 "l._J t ......

8) 50

to u/50 ems ., ':r.o · tON:l/60-, q!11.'3 ~J

.P.

9) 60 ~6"'U)70·l:m~)

10) 70 emS and above.

l .... 'Se'iGct'ion~'::~of ti:-c&~s i~ T'r~es of typical height and development will be selected ccvering the entire range of distributicn, distributed evenly over the entire survey area. T.I::<2es with defects other than those Which "'ould be regarded as average for creps under study should not be selected. HOHever, the cull stUCly i.e. the average defect study, has also. to' be separately made to arrive at the 'Cull-factor' (The term 'Cull' comprises of losses 'paused by decay er other such w e ll defined natural d a ma ges or defects devf:)loped by ''1ood in the ceurse of the d,~vclepmcnt of trecs till harvested). In O.rder, therefere , that the 'cull-facter' is apprepriately applied to the ut-..ili..ty classes , the DPU shalLtakc app ropr;i.ate action;

-'11S:-

Utj_lity classes :- The utility classes -to be identified <lrG

the plY'-lood, the Sa\"! logs, the po12s, the pulpwood, the fireHood and the no· uti'lity \-lood. In other words, the total volume or- each tree fc_Iled will be apportioned amongst these utility classes.

~ecif~cation for Utilitv Classes.:- The specifications according to "1hich the total volume of trees \-'ould be apportioned amongst th~ various utility classes shall be as follO'ds :

1. S~ccifications for

(a) ~l~_o~ sEecie~

(b) E.)_~ood Log s~0cificCltions

1. Length

2. Dia~tcr

3. Bend

4. Taper

5. Hollow &

spongy heart

6. Rot

7. T\'Iist

8. Crack

9. Knots

10 .. Flutes

Plywood :

· · :

· · · · s

:

:

:;

1. Tectona grandis 2. Terminalia crenulata 3. PterocarpuS marsupium 4. Dalbc rgia latifolia 5. Adina cordifolia 6. Mitragyna panrifolia 7. Lannea coromandelica 8. Terminalia belerica 9. Garuga pinnata.

2 .. 5 m and over 40 ems and over under bark (mid diameter)

A maximum of 3 cms pe r met rc length. Less than 1 cm diameter for every one metre length 10 em diameter at centre only

Not permissible

-da-:. 2 ems deep on surface but e)xending to not more than one third length of the log.

Dead knots below 5 ems. dia­m3ter not more than two in every 2.5 metre length (dead knots in the centre, i.e. 5 cms from 'cl~e centre of the log arc acceptable) •

: T\.,o flutes with maxinRlm depth 2.5 ems only permissible. FlutGS belo'" 1.5 cm depth are to be disregarded.

-119-

2. SOC_9fic.ations for Sa\,I logs.

(a) Sa'"l 10g- species '; 1. Tectona gran<1is

(b) Sa'"l Log specifications

1. Length

2. Diameter

3. Rot

4. 'I'1:1i.st

5. C rookedQcs s

6. Bend

7. Taper

8. Hollowneos

9. Kpots

1·0. Flutes

_3_ Speci,f;Lca:!;.ions for Poles ..

(a) Pole specios

. .

2. Termina1ia crenu1ata 3. Pterocarpus marsupium 4. Dalbergia latifolia 5. Adina cordifolia 6. ,Mitragyna pa.rvifol,ia 7. TeDmina1ia bc1erica 8. Lannea coromandelica 9. Garuga pinnata

10. Quge~nia oojeinensis 11. Anogeissus latifo1ia 12. Lagerstrocmia parviflora 13. Grewia ti1iacfo1ia 14. vlrightia t i.nctoria 15. Madhuca 10ngi£01ia Var.

lati.fo1ia 16. Bo~vel1ia serrata 17. Lagcrstroemia lanceolata 18. Albizzia spp. '19. Gmclina arborea.

; 2 mctrc~ and aVe r

: 20 ems and over under barJc (mid diameter) •

; Only upto 2 cms diameter.

: Not per.missible

: Not permissible : A maximum of 5 cms per metre

length , A maximum of 2.5 ems in diameter

per metre length.

: Not more than one-third of diameter of log.

s Not more than. fivG dead knots in two metre length.

: Any number accepted provided ~og remains fit for savling.

: All speci.es listed under saw logs ( except Lannea coroman­delica ) plus the following.

20. Ch1oro.:'-..ylon swietenia 21. Acacia catechu 22. Acacia sundra 23. Diospyros melanoxylon

-120-

.(Contd.Snccifications for Poles) , ~~

. (b) P()le__Snecif~ ; 1. LGngth : 3 metres and over

: A minimum of 10 cms at the top end over bark.

2. Diameter

3. Rot

4. ~'list

5. C rookedne ss.

-6 .. Bend

7. HolloHnos s ) ) 8. Splits

9. Cracks )

10. Shakes )

11. Knots

4. PuIO'vlOOO (a) Pu1 p'V1Q.Q,Q species

PUlO ..... l0od spccific§._tion§.:&

1. Length

2. Diameter

3. Rot:

5. .¥ ire,v 0 oa. •

Definit.ions ....-.--

. '

I'Jain-stem

: Not permissible.

: Not permissible. Bend ~n more than one plane not permi.ssible.

: Less than 10 ems in every 3 metros length or 3 cms for every metre length.

: Not vermissible

: Li,(c knot permissible. Dead Knotas 'ove r B em in diarnote r not pormis·sible-.

: -Excepting for species like Diospyros melano}"''Ylon, 'Dalbe rigic latifol-ia, 1'1;lnusops hexandra, PterocarpUs marsupium, Acacia cateqhu, Acacia .sundra, all othdr sp~cibs are consi.dered pulpable •

: 1 metre and over.

: 5 ems and over overoark •

s Not permissible. : All woody species of specificat­

ions gi von unde r pulp..1ood are inc.luded. Hpv.rever, in this Case rot is alsO permissible.

: Portion of the tree trunk from the base upto the point where tl bole cannot be dif£erentiatcd from the branches and the diarn~ ter ovcrbark is not less than 5 ems would be rGgarded as the rna in-stem. This ,."aula be terme(

-1?1-

as IITree Portion-i" (Abbrevi'ated as r TP 11). In other Hords, the main stem ends where it is" no longer possible to say which or the branches is -the main-stem.

/

Clear Bole : The length of the main-stem from the base to the po int \"he re the first main branch takes off.

B l.-anch S Such limb of the tree as have a min~mum snd diameter of 5 Cms overbark at a point not less than 1 metre from the stump of the branch (The object is to get billets of at least 5 ems diameter and 1 metre length). Each branch will b e numbered as TP~I ~P3, TP4 and so on.

Heasurement of tre~~ :

(a) B~;E.Qre fellin_g , 1) Breast height wi'll be marked \-lith red. chal]<;: qn the tree trunk at a point 1.37 metre from ground level on uphill side and diameter over bark will be meas ured and recorded. (it shOUld be remembered that breast height is an obligatory measurement point and cannot be correctly, determined after a tree hap been £ell~d).

2) Height -of the tree vall be measured \-lith a B-lume Leiss Hypsometer.

(b) A£ter fellin_g : After a tree is f e lled, folloiding '1'lill be dona in the sequence prescribed :

.1.) Heigh~ : the tree

Marki.ug: I

Length of a felled tree shOUld be meas~red from a point on the breast height ring upto the tip of the crown in a 'Straight line. To obta in the tre~ h e ight add 1.37 me tres(i.e. the length upto breast height), to the l e ngth measured.

1) He ight corresp onding to the §tu.mp h e ight \-/ i ll be ring marke d \ -1 ith a ,·,hite chalk at right angle to the axis of the s tem on the butt e nd of the £elle d tree at a p oint closest to the cut so that no s urface choppe d in f e lling is' included in the ring . Stump h e ight will b e obtaine d by s ub­stracting the l e ngth b e twee n,

-122..-

this ring and the breast height ring from 1.37 metres ..

I . f 0

S ,·O......,p hei.9" ,. 'Sr- I ')I''''Q

I Uh-'lf Flee i ... h}-" ""!;7-'i'J .) 0 ; 0"'1 7 M

2)~reast" height was already rcd­chalk marked be fore ·the tree "Jas felled.

3) 40 cms diameter underba~rk Doint. 'I-.. ill be re...lchalk ring marked only .in case of pl:ywood specie s, and provided the log is apparently of ply\'lood specific~tions. It ,,",ould be located taking into account bark thickness by hit and trial method. The 40 ems diameter under bark at the poin·t would be the averago of tHO dias. taken at the point at right angles to each other.

4) .aO ems q;i.~j:_e r u_nde r ba..rk""'p_QJ.nt "'1 ill bc; .r<::!d c .halk m0.rked in case of logs of saW log species and snecifications. It would be located in the Same ",ay as in 3) above. In" Case of branch-wood conforming "to the specifica­tions similar marking would be done.

5) 10 ems diameter over bark point will be red chalk marked in case of Pole species. Branch wood conforming to the specifications \oJould bo similarly markod.

6) 5 ems c:3.iame·ter over bark point ".J ill be white chalk marked for utility class of Pulpvood and Firewood •

Note : Wherever the term diameter h0s b.een used under'marking' above, it represents the average of t\"O diamGters measured at right ang19s to each other at that point.

-123-

. ,_ Based on the points marked above, the cross cutting po~n ... s for each type of utility class of HOod avaUablc from the tree ,10uld nO\'1 be marked as follo~"s: This m.:=trking "]ould be done with white chalk.

7)Cross cut mark fQ£.....l2J..ywQOO._log,z:

This mark would be given towards the top end of the tree at a point not less than 1.25 m above the 40 ems dub point provided the taper is Nithin the permissible lim~t (i.e. 1 cm dub per metre length). In other .. lOrdS it shOUld be remembered that the last log so obtained confonns to the Ply­\'1000. specifications. The length of the plyHoOd log Hould now be measured and :if it is more than 5 metres but less than 8 m-3tres a mark to divide it into th10 logs would be given at an appropriate point so that the cummulative value of the resultant logs is the hcightest.

8) 5:-ross cut ffi2.rk for saH logs:

This 'I..;rould be given towa:t:ds the top end at a point not less than 1.0 m above the 20 ems dub point provided the taper is Hithin tho permissible limit (i.e. 2.5 ems dub pe r metre length) and the last log so ob'cained conforms to the sa'H ·log Spe cif ications • The length of the sav1 log .'ould not} be measured Clnd if it is more than 5 metres but less than 8 metres, a mark to divide it into t"lO logs would be given at an appropriate point so that the CUIllITlll1ative value of the resultClnt j~ogs is the maximum. If,' however, the length is over 8 metres, it may be marked for dividing into suitable three saw logs of maximum cummulative value.

9) Cross cut marks for poles "l.vould be appropriately given so as to Obtain poles of maximum length. It should be remembered i-.hat the minirmun specified length of a p0~e is 3 metres.

BucJdI:lSl _JCr~s2....Cuttings)

-.,1_?4-

lO)_Cross cut marJcs for PulpVlood i.;., Firewood would be given to make billets of 3 metre length. Ot'l.d portion, if any left, should be added on to the la_s,t. h.illet.

11)In case a defect occurs in a manner that the' ut·J._li ty class of wood changes, then C .'Cos s-cut ma.rking to eliminate the. defect ao as to obtain maximum output of highest value W'ould be done.

Having cross cut at' -the stump ring m;"1rk ( given as per .item 1 ) further cross-cutting of wood would be done at the point marked as per item· no. (7) to (11) of the foregoing section4' Ma.rking.

Measurements' :

Length

Diameter

1 . • Job Number (Col. '1 to 3)

2. Ca.rc1 ·design. (Col. 4- to 5)

3 • Division (Col.6)

4. Map sbeet No. (C 01. T 1,:.0 i 2 )

'5 • Grid 'N-umbe r (Col. 13 to 16)

6. Species (Col. 17-19)

7. Tree serial No. (Col.20-21)

The length of each section Would be the running length measured from the base of the tree (i.e. the, ground level). Scction 1 would thUS be the stump itself "in evecy tree portion.

: 'T\",o diameters at eve'ry cut end would he measured at right angles to each other both over bark as well as under bark.

, . .

-:

vHll be fille d by DPU

Will be filled by DPU

One digit code as given on page 6 would be used.

Six digit code as given on page 20-21 would be used.

Four digi~ code as given on page 21 would be used.

: Three digit code ,·,ould be used.

Tv/a digit code w ill be used to denote the tree serial number of the species and. diameter class. (It should be remembered that tree sarial number for any particular species and diam2ter class would not be more than 10).

8. D iamoter (BHOB') (Col.22-25)

9. :Trce Height (Before Felling) (Col. 26-27)

10. Treo Height (After Folling). (Cbl. 28-29)

11. Txoe Portion (Col. 30-31)

f_od_.g

01 02 03 04

].tem

l'1ain stem ) 1st Branch) 2nd Branch) 3rd Branch) & so on . )

12. Section No. (Col.32-33)

13. He ight of S ection Above Base

(Col. 34-37)

14. Diam~te r-.1 of E ach Section a) 00- (Col.38-41) b) UB-{Col_42-45}

, _= Four digit codG to denote bmst

height diameter meusured in mill­metres ",ill be used.

: Two digit code will be uS8d to denote the tree height (measured ,'lith a Blume Leiss Hypsome-t.er and expressed to nearest whole metres) •

: The actual tree height will be computed by measuring the length of the felled tree from any point on its b~ast height ring in a stra~ght line to 'ehe tip of its crown and then adding 1.37metres (i.e. the breast height) to it. This will be expressed to nearest .wpole metres in t\-10 digit code.

: Two digit code as hereunder will be used.

~c ril2.tion

As alr8ady defined on p~~e35

: Will be denoted in tHO digit code -in serial order starting from the base, bot h in Case of main-stem and branches. (It shoula be r e membered that Section 01 , .. ould aloays be the stump-height section).

: Tho. h e ight of each section of the rna in stem ' -lill, be the running length f rom the base of the tree. I-e will be expressed in centimetres in four digit code. Like wise the l e ngth of each section of a branch '''''ill. be the .running l e n gth from the base of the branch exp ressed in c e ntimetre in tour digit code" .

: Diame t e r-1 of a section vTill be measured in'millimetres a nd recorded in four di<;}it 60de in (Col 38-41 for OB a nd in Col. 42-45 for DB) • .

As far as poss ible .; vlhile .taking the ~asuremerit of diame te r-1 the scale- a nn of the Calliper should be k e pt h '?_I;izonta l!

15. Diameter-2 of Each Section a) QB":'(Col.46-49) b) UB-(Col.SO-53)

1 Q.. Cull Code (co).. 54)

Item Code

1 Section free :0.rom Defect.

-12&-

: Diameter-2 of a section Will be recorded in mi'llimetrcs in four digit code ( in col. 4d-49 . for as and in Col. 50-53. for VB).

. .

Diameter-2 of: a Section \Vill be measured by keepi.ng the Calliper scale ann vert'ical so that this diameter gets measured at right angle to the measurement recorded at 14 above.

One digit code to indicate follQI;" ing information "lill. be used.

Description

When both ends of: a log are free from any defect.

2 Sect·ion partly defective

Cut face ( cross section) of the log as defective.

3 Section _l ... -fc,,;.~.ve.

When both cut faces ( cross sections) of the log have defects.

(Notes fQr DPU's A,t.tention : 1. If one cut cross section of the log shoVls rot or hollowness and the second cross section is \V'ithout defect then the sect'ion vlill be class ified as partly defective. The volume of 'Cull l in this case for defects rot (Col. 55)- and hollowness (Col.59) will be computed as a code

2. If radial rot of hollowness occurs in the section at places other than the cross-cut faces the section \.;ill be classified as partly defective and in such a case the radial ro~ 'VJould be com...outed as the volume of a cyl.inder.

3. When a defect on one cross-cut face of th.e log appears also on the other -face ·the .log ""ill be classified as fUlly defective. The volume of cull due to rot (Col. 55) or hollOl-J'ness (Col. 59) in such a case will be calculated as that for a cylinder.

17. Defect Code Rot ( Col. 55)

2

Item

Heart Rot

Radial rot

: One digit code to indicate the type of rot present as follOWS will be used:

pe,8 criZ} on

When any fungal rot or decay is noticed in the hearb~ood of cross­cut face of the log.

v-1hcn fungal rot or ddcay is noticed to havc entered the "IOed tbrough branches or othC:t:"lisc going from surface to\'lams the heart. This may or may not be vis~le on the cut surface. When the section contains both heart rot and radial rot, consider only the hcnrt rot.

(Contc1. Col. 55)

Code

3

I.teffi N_o Rot

18. DialT\8ter of Rot_ (Col. 56:"'58)

-19. I-blloHness (Col .. 59)

2 O. Diamatcr of 1-1.011 O'.-lno s s <. '-c. L. (00 - {:;2. )

~scripti....Qll

Hhen no rot is 's een •

: '1\JO diamcte rs of the rot vis ible on any cross section will be measured -at right angle to each other. The average of the -t.wo diameters \·Jj_ll be eA~ressed in millimetres ~n three digit code. It may be remembered tha'-t ",hen rot occurs on both cross cut faces of: a log, t,he rot of large diamensions amongst the two Hould be ~ecorded.

In Case of such sections where rot is scattered, following procedure \-Jill be adop-ted for detcnnining -the total extent of rot.

1. Measure the two diameters at right angles ,to each other ( of each rot ) and arrive at the average rad ius of the rot.

2. A;dd the, squares of the radi of all ,S,cattered rot 'patches.

3. :Find out the square root of. the figure ar~ived at in 2 above. This will give the radius of the rot in the log. 'I\ .. ice of this radius would give the diamet~r of the rot. Expres.s this diamc'ter in millimetres in three digi.t code, Hhere ,.-,ec'i:s'iq ""

: Presence or absence of hollowness in a log Hill be expressed in one d igi t code as £011ot-/S :

It.§® Ho:tlo,.,ness Present

Hollowness 7ilisent.

: On the cut surface of the log.. the .t'-lO diameters of the hollOlrl # a.-I:: right angles to each other, will be measured in mill~etre and the avorage diameter of the hollow \ViII be recoroec in a three digit code.

21. Knots (Col. 63-68)

a) .T"'71",)c of Knots (C~l. 63)

CopC

1

2

Item

Decayed Knot (unsound Knot or Pink Knot)

Dead Knot

Sound Mot (Dire Knot err Tight Knot)

4 No knots

b) Knot Diameter (Col. 64-66)

c) No. of Knots (Col. 67-68)

22 .. SpU .. t (Col.69)

CoOC

1

2

-12s.:.

: Knots are the basal portion of a branch embeded in the vlood by the natural grmvth· of trees. 'Knots arc usually oval or circular in shape. The "maximum diameter of a knot is taken as its size.

: Knots will be classified according to condition in one digit code as follo."1s. They are arranged in order of their defect valuc i.e. if 1 & 2 both' ono percent Hill be mentioned.

Descrintion

A Knot softer than the surrounding vlood and containing decay.

A Knot in Hhich the wood elements arc not completely intcrgro.·, th Hith those of the surrounding wood

A Knot free from decay and other defects firmly intcrgr01,Jth w i th surrounding "-lood.

: The "maximum diameter" of, a knot is. taken as its size. It '\;"lill be measured to the nearest millime tre and recorded in three digit code.

: Number of Knots present in the log ... ,,:ill b e e numera ted and r ecorded in b'lO digit code ..

: Split is identifie d as a soparation of fibres as seen both on the C;_>:ILSS

section and on the longitudinal surface of "the material. It is mea~urod by the l e ngth on the l o ngitudinal surface and ~y the depth on the e nd section. It will be expressed in a single digit code as folloWS :

~scrition

No Split

Split less than 2 cmS deep extend­ing over not more than 1/3rd l ength of tho log.

(Contel. Col. 69)

4

5

6

7

23. 'l\·;j .. st (Suiral grain ,) (Cot.,70) ..,

Code

1

2

24. Flutes (Col. 71)

~ 1

2

3

~ No flutes

-129-

De_Rcrinti,on

Split less than 2 emS deep e)~en­ding OVer more than 1/3rd but less than 2/3rd length of the log.

Split loss than 2 cms deep ext:.ending over the en'tire log IGngth. Split more than 2 ems deep exten­d~ng over not more than 1/3rd len­gth of the log.

Split more than 2 cms deep extending over more than 1/3rd but less than 2/3rd length of the log. Split more than 2 ems deep extending over tho enti~e log length.

; It is identifie~ as the grain on the surface spiralling along its length. (It is either "clockwise" or "anticlockwiseu i.e. "right­handed .. or If left handed" depending upon the direction of progress of the spiral from butt to the top as viewed from the top end). The presence or absence of the twist will be indicated by single digit code.

p_escription

T\'II'ist present

Twist notpresent

: Flutes are identified on the surface ox a log as longitudinal depressi­ons and are measured by their lengths on the depths at their maximum points (i.e. between the bottom of the flute and a tape ta­ken round the log). For the pur­pose of this sux:vey, hOH,ever, flutes will be classified and coded as follows:

£§ sc ription Flutes less than 1.5 emS in d epth or no Flutes. Flutes t,.".o or feltJer in numbe r, more than 1.5 but less than 2.5 ems in depth. Flutes more than ttvo i.n numbe r and ~.5 c mS or more in depth.

25. Log Form (longitudinal) (Col.72)

It~

I Longitudinal form of the log would be judged with refe rence to linear exis :for one of the defects sho'oJ'n under the coding heads.

Code

1

2

Straight

Slightly bent

:p.e script ion

Straight Bend less than 5 ems/metre length (for sa'l:-1 logs).

3

4

5

Pronounced bent

crool<;cd

26. Log Form (Sectional) (Col.73)

~ 1 Circular

2 Elliptical

3 Fluted

27. External Defects (Col. 74)

Code

1-2

3

4

Bend less than ·3 cms/metre length ( for plywood and Poles).

One band only but of dimentions more than specie-ficd in 2 & 3 above. More than one pronounce¢ bents.

; Sectional log form will be coded as £oll~.vs :

DescriRtion trlhen the difference betvlecn ·t.wo diameters is less than 1/5th of the maximum diameter.

TrJhen the di:Efe rence betl-lcen the two diameters at right angle to each other is more than onc-fifth of the bigger diamcter.

Hhcn the log cross section shows irregular involutions and/or 5V1011ing. Under thiS, any other defect (s) which is/are not covered above~ but vlhich is/are quite natural and normal in the locality being surveyed, \."ould be included. This would be coded as fo110'"'s :

Description Complete log free from defect 1/3 rd portion of the log -.Jith defects. 2/3rd portion of the log with defects. / Full length of the log bears the defects.

28. Utility Class (Col. 75)

£O_C!9. It<im

1 Plyv"ood )

2 Saw log ) )

3 Pol,-es )

4 PUlPV100d ) )

5 Firewood )

6 No Utility

-131-

. . The log should be cl,assificd in one of the follo\"1 ing in accordance of utility classes.

Description

S-pecifications as per \-vhich this classif:icatiori is to be arrived at is given on page 33.

In this, such NOody parts of the tree, e.g. its stump portion, other small length pieces, parts culled out in logging etc., 'Itlhich cannot· be classed in any of the foreqoing rive classcsl will be grouped.

-132-

PISFR-GZ-NGP F:i.eld Form No.1 'f1£1L A.P1?ROACH FCEM

Note - (i) Plot Approach Form mUst be filled in while the journey is_ in pr ogres s.

(i:i.) Hbile recording datu, 1.t is essGntirU. to record month and year also.

(:i:i..:i)Ii' the Plot is visited on more than one dnys, a separate form for each vis1.t. shall be filled up.

1 .• Divi.si.on .and Code . ~ .. . 2. Distri.ct and Code

3. M..'l.psooct and Code . . . . . . 4. Gri.d Code .. . . ... .. • .. . 5. CreH Leader (Nome) .... .. .. .. 6. Gronp ... . .. ... 7. Tide ( in hrs.) nt \-1hich left ~he crunp ••••

S-. D:Lstance covered l::u vehicle ( km.) •

9. Time ta1cen in journey by" vehicle. ........ .

10. Name of the pl.."l.cO" upto wh:ich 1'0urney • was performed by" vehicle.

11. Conspicuous features observed dl~ing ....... the journey by" vehicle (Descr1.be in brief).

12. Direction and diatnnce covered on foot up •• to tho re1'erence point (lem.)

1 :3. Time ut which .started on f'oot .. .. .. .. ..

. .. . .. ..

. .. . .

. . . . •

e

14. Conspicuous 1'eatures observed .. • .. .. ....... during the journey on 1'oot (Describe :in brief') ..

15. Description of the referenc €I point ............ " .... , _ ••.... , ••• _ ••..••• (Describe in de~ails_) • • .. • .. ~ • ... ,

.-16.Time ( inhrs.) at Which arrived at •

the reference pOint.

. . . . . • •

1'7 A Compass benring i"r0)ll. reference point • • • • to the plot approached for commencing survey. (Please give the Plot No. nlso)

18. Distance of the plot £'rom re:ference point, (kxn.)

. . ~

• • • . . . .

19. Data and time at. which arrived :in Plot 1 Plot 2 Plot 3 Plot 4 20. Time ( :in hrs.) at which departed from plot 1 plot 2 Plot 3 Plot 4 21 .. Time ( in MS.) at which arrived at the camp • .. •

. .

22. RemarkS { Record :f;.he presence of' Perm..'"l.nent .. • • .. . Roads I Temporary Ro.:lds J Lakes, Nnlns:1 Rail,

way Lines, Fire Lines:1 Demarcation Lines I arw

other item o£ note, etc.

Dato ........ _ .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . Sign'lture of Crew Leader

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-139-

APPENDIX _-:_!!

General Volume Equations

, The undcrbark volumes of the felled trees of a species \-lore plotted against the variables D2H ("lhere D is. the diameter over bark at breast height and H is the he~ght of a tree) to cy..a.mine the trend. In order to deriv~ general volume equations, the follO't-ling regression funct~ons "'Tere tried. .

V = a + hI)2H

V ::::: a + hI) + d)2H

V ::::: a + bD + ?)2H + d (D 2 H) 2

V = a + bH-+ cD 2H

-"---V =-a + hI) + CH + dD 2 H

V ::::: a + bD + co 2 + cjD2H

Loge V = a + bloge D +c loge H

vjD2H = a + bJD2

H

V/D2H = a + bJD2H + C0 2 H .

vlhere V = under_bark-volume in M3

D = over bark diameter at breast height in meters.

H ::::: Height of the tree in meters.

In the above, the volume was taken as a dependant variable and the diameter, the height or their functions as the indcpe ndant variables.

One~ out of the nine-equations tried WaS selected taking into considerations :

a) b)

c)

----

the standard error of the estimate

the multiple deter.mination co-efficient and

the applicability of the equation over the entire range· of data. -_

Based on the above criteria, the following general volume equations were 'seLected.. . .£or' various species. The number of trees on the·d.-ata of which the equations have been based is m.3ntioned in parenthesis after the name of the species.

1) Tecj:_o_na._ grandi_s (94)

V ::::: -0.01~11.0 + 0.360062 D2H

2) Tenninalia crcqulata (SO) .

vJD2H ::::: 0.348579 _ 0.001412 D2H ~ 0.004409/D2H

or ~ 2 2 V ::::: -0.004409 -I- 0.348579-D .... H - 0.00:1412.(.0 H)

-140-

3) PteroCa~s marsupigm (73)

Loge V = 0.097741 + 2.293041 logeD + 0.710614 LogeH 4) palberai~Jatifol~a (70)

__ v ___ = 0.361865 0.004948 D2H n 2H

or V =:;; 0.004948 + 0.361865 D2H.

5) Ougeniaoojeinensis (58)

Loge V = -0.657789 + 2.053096

6) D~;py~os melanoxzlon (59)

Log D + 0.870996 Log H e e

v = -0.013104 + 0.365321 n 2H

7) AnQgeisslis 1atifol~a (59)

V = 0.424503 - 0.009419 n 2 H _ 0.012484/b2H

D2H or

V = -0.012484 + 0.424503 D2H _ 0.009419 (D2H)2

8) Lagerstroemia parvj_florg. (64)

v = -0.008670 + 0.398711 n 2 H

9) pannea cQromandelica (76)

Log V = -0.005687 + 2.394468 e 10) Terminul~a bel~rica (66)

V =:;; -0.005564 + 0.365874 n 2 u 1.1) Adina cordi,_golia (77)

V = 0.288650 + 0.001202 D2H + D-2~

or

0.007155/D2H

V ~ 0.007155 + 0.288650 D2H + 0.001202 (D 2H)2

~2) Mi tragyna parvifolia (76)

Loge V :.:; -1.574644 + 1.986771 10geD + 1.135213 10geH. 13) ~acia catec;hg (64)

V :::: -0'-009686 + 0.367188 D2H _ 0.012914(D 2 H) 2

14) Rest of species (85)

Y-_ .. = 0.351923 - 0.00301·3/D2H

D2H V = -0.003013 + 0.351923 n 2 H

-m-

APPENDIX - III

~..9Sal Volum.e EQUations

The number of sample trees actual~y measured for giving height/diameter data :eor detennining the local volume equation t'las found inadeouute. Therefore,. the obseI:"\rations of diameters and heights of trees felled for Special Volume Studies were also used ~n addition . to the observation on sample trees. Volumes of each sample tree VIas estimated ""ith the help of General Vol-ume Equation by substituting the values of diameters and heights. For species Garu"g,a ninna.ta 'land Wriq_htia ti.ncto.rea,. the general volume equation of rest of the species was used for generating local volume equations.

The following regression functions were triec to de rive local volume equation of each of the ;t.mport.ant species"

V = a + bD2

V::: a ;- bD + CO 2

/iT=: a + bD 2 V/D-::.a + b/D2

V/0 2 ::: a + bjD + CjD2

V·== a + b ~geD

== a + b;i5"""'+ cn 2

== a +bD +c/D~

= a + bj1:>2+ c/O + dD

'II';b.ere V =: volume under bark (M3)

D =: bretist hei.ght over bRrk diameter in meter

Xn these equations the estimated volume or its transfonned form is' taken dependent variable and breast height over bark diameter or its function as independant v a riable. Based on the same criteria as adopted for general volume equations,. following local volume equations were selected :

II Tect..Qna ..a.~ndis (925) ;V-::: -0.405890 + 1.981580 D + 0.987373 jD--

2) T~bminalia qr~nu6ats (215)

;v-= -0.203947 + 3.159215 D 3) E!:~rocarpu5 marsup:i,um (102)

/V =: 0.175068 + 4.598243 D - ~.500562 /0--4) Dalbergia latifo~ (134)

;V-= -0.144504 + 2.943115 D

5) Ouqenia ooje~nensis (88)

;v-= -0.469152 + 1.403410 D + 1.425555 ~ 6) 8j_o.s.py,.ros me.lano,xvlq,Q (95)

~:::: -0.184139 + 2.892723 D

7) Anogei.ssus .1ati:Eolia (122)

/V :::: -0.357373 + 2.430449 D + 0.794626 ,if)" 8) Laqers·c.roemia pC\,rviflor:;_a (115)

IV ~ 0.027366 + 3.6680088- 0.718475 ;n-9) ~nnca corom;;:tn~~.el;Lc,",. (174)

;V-:::: 0.404153 + 5.555051 D 2.545525 ~ 10) Garuga ..l2innata (150)

I'T= 0.053434 + 3.530350 D 0.810548 ~ 11.) .7:el.:m.;:i.,nalia. beleric9., (107)

V :: 0.074706 _ 1.430082 D + 10.181971 D2

12) Adina cQrd:i"fQl"i.g, (127)

ff:::: 0.215690 -:- 4.329878 D - 1.504977 /D­·13) Mitragyna parvifol...:l5J,. (156)

V/D2 =: 10.086934 - 1.744274/0 + 0.099768/D2

or 2 V :::: 0.0099768 _ 1.744274 n + 10.086934 D

14) ACQ..c;i.,a catech'!;l (114)

V :::: -0.048108 + 5.873169 n 2

15) Wr~ghtia tinctQr~ (162)

/V :::: 0.050294 -:- 3.~1549? D-._ 0 .• 687813 ,Ii)" :1.6) '&~j;_..9_g__s.J2..~_ci_§..§_ (629)

/V :::: -0.153973 + 2.724109 D

Note :- Fi.gures aqai.nst each species name given in pG.ranthesis denote the number of samples considered for ·the equations ..