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LIGHTING QUALITY STANDARD

GENERAL LIGHTING

GENERAL LIGHTING

The primary task of general fl oor space lighting is to ensure suffi cient and uniform

lighting. For the lighting to be most effective, the luminaires should be arranged in

continuous strips or rows matching the direction in which the market equipment –

i.e. shelves, display coolers and counters are arranged. Rows of lights arranged in

this manner also indicate the direction of customer movement, improve customer

orientation in space and decrease the cost of lighting by up to 40 %.

Besides the presentation function, artifi cial lighting must also ensure the safety of everyone in the building. That is why some stores need to be equipped also with backup, emer-gency or night lighting. A well designed general lighting must create an agreeable atmosphere and comfort which, from the psychological point of view, are very important for a pleasant shopping experience. A uni-form lighting allows changing the fl oor space arrangement as necessary. The lighting can then be simply adjusted by changing the luminance level and accent lighting for individual goods. The light is then cast on individual sections exactly as needed.

GENERAL LIGHTING

Luminaire arrangement1st example – incorrectThe luminaires are arranged in continu-ous strips running the full length of the hypermarket. By using an unsuitable arrangement of luminaire rows, you are unnecessarily lighting areas, which do not need to be lit, such as the shelve tops, airconditioning units, etc. If you then want this system to meet some basic standards, it needs to be more powerful than actually necessary, which means it uses too much electricity.

2nd example – correctThe luminaires are arranged in continu-ous strips that run parallel to the racks and shelves.By using this solution we achieve better vertical luminance of the presented goods. The light is only cast where we need it. Because of this we can use luminaires with just one light source (one fl uorescent lamp), decreasing so the total power input of the lighting system by up to 40 %.

RACKS

RACKS

Racks are the main tool for placement and presentation of the offered goods. Their

confi guration gives the space character, divides it and offers the potential course of

purchase. First, however, the racks should provide appropriate conditions for the

promotion of the goods. Here the right lighting solution plays an important role.

Rack lighting gives emphasis on ensuring several tasks:• provide enough light in aisles• provide suffi cient light for reading

of information on labels and price tags

• ensure uniform vertical illumination• highlight properties of the

presented goods• attract attention to selected types

of goods• create an agreeable and interesting

environment for customers

PRESTIGE 48-49

RACKS

ACCENT LIGHTING

Accent lighting can highlight details of the sold goods. This task can be fulfi lled by adjustable luminaires with a narrow beam angle attached directly to the general lighting track (PRESTIGE) or a separate track. Combining multiple luminaires with narrow beam angle we can achieve a threedimensional effect of the illumi-nated object. With this we can achieve a pleasant atmosphere for customers.

TRACK AVIOR 50-51ADVANCED

Track AVIOR ADVANCED The advantage of this luminaire is that the owner himself can select or replace the special refl ector. There are three versions of these refl ectors available on the market with different beam angles (24° and 40°).

FOODSTUFFS

FOODSTUFFS

Foodstuffs lighting requires a set of very varied solutions. They need to be equally

different as the products falling into this category. Their common goal is to focus

attention on the strengths of products and improve their sales. First of all, correct

foodstuffs lighting must highlight the freshness and quality of products. At the

same time it is also necessary to prevent any negative infl uence of light and heat

radiated by luminaires.

In order to make the goods look as natural as possible under the artifi cial lighting, it is necessary to choose lamps with the best possible colour rendering index (CRI). This type of lighting ensures the col-ours of products in display cabinets and on racks will be true and the customers‘ perception of colours will not be biased, which prevents disappointment and complaints. One also has to consider certain specifi c properties of foodstuffs. First of all, it is their sensitivity to heat (IR radiation) and UV radiation which causes foodstuffs and some substances to age. These undesirable effects can be elimi-nated by using lamps which do not emit the unwanted radiation or by deploy-ment of special fi lters in front of the lamp.

The most frequently used lamps for lighting of foodstuffs are:

• metal halide lamps with ceramic burner

• high-pressure sodium discharge lamps with improved colour ren-dering properties (white sodium)

• linear fl uorescent lamps• LED

FOODSTUFFS

FRESH PRODUCE AND PRODUCTS

Fresh produce can be very varied in terms of origin, packaging and ar-rangement. This group of products includes milk products, fresh cheese, mixed salads and fresh open sand-wiches. The common feature here is that they need to be kept cool. An important aspect, when it comes to fresh produce, is to attract the customer‘s attention by a separate light zone with a cooler colour of light. One of the solutions is our Prestige lighting system, which is capable of suffi ciently lighting the target even from a great distance. The lamp of choice here is a fl uorescent lamp with a colour temperature of 6,500 K. Cooling of foodstuffs in stores requires a lot of energy, therefore the cost is very high. When using LED luminaires it is possible to reduce the amount of energy needed for cooling. At the same time this solution offers excellent colour rendering.

BREAD, PASTRY, CONFECTIONERY

Pastry usually stimulates your senses as soon as you catch a glimpse of it. Fresh bread, pastry and confectionery should therefore make the impres-sion that the customer has arrived just in time as they were taken out of the oven. They need to look crunchy, which means the lighting must accen-tuate the golden tinge of the surface. This can be achieved by using a lamp producing warm white light with a tem-perature of 2,700 K. Thanks to this col-our shift the pastry will look like freshly baked at all times. IR and UV fi lters also make sure the pastry remains fresh for a long time. When LED luminaires are used the fi lters are not necessary, be-cause they emit only a negligible amount of IR and UV radiation. When pastry is wrapped in a cellophane foil it should be preferably lit by lumi-naires equipped with a diffusion cover which signifi cantly reduces the amount of glare refl ected by the highly refl exive packaging.

PROXIMA 54-57

DOWNLIGHT 54-57

FOODSTUFFS

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

In hypermarkets, fruits and vegetables are usually sold in separate depart-ments. Typical for this department is a plethora of colours, shades and surfaces. Lighting is a very important factor that emphasizes the beauty, freshness and perfection of the presented goods. Fresh natural foodstuffs always attract buyers. From the customer’s viewpoint, the qual-ity of fruit is one of the basic indicators of how much care and attention the hypermarket pays to its goods. When choosing the most suitable colour of light to be used for presentation of fruit and vegetables, a white warm colour seems the best (around 3,000 K). The best solution is to use high-quality lamps with a high colour rendering index (CRI > 90). The most suitable conven-tional lamp is a metal halide lamp with a ceramic burner, plus these demanding requirements can also be met by the lat-est LED luminaires. Because the general lighting (Prestige) positioned high above the goods is not capable of highlighting the details of the presented fruits and vegetables, high-effi ciency trackmounted luminaires with a narrow beam angle should be used.

UV and IR Radiation Suppression

Fresh unprocessed natural products such as fruits and vegetables are very sensitive to UV and IR radiation. After being exposed to UV radiation for an extended period of time their colour gradually deteriorates. The result is an unhealthy and even repulsive appear-ance, which, naturally, is unwanted. UV radiation is present in the invisible part of the light spectrum, thus to eliminate it, glass shields are used, which eliminate the UV radiation suffi ciently. Despite the fact that IR radiation is also invisible, it is different to UV radiation. It manifests as radiant heat. When foodstuffs, such as fruit and vegetables, are exposed to IR radiation, they quickly overripen and dry out. By fi ltering these two types of radia-tion out, the durability of the presented goods can be almost doubled.When using LED luminaires, no addi-tional fi lters or accessories need to be used to suppress the unwanted UV and IR radiation.

TRACK AVIOR 50-51ADVANCED

TEXTILE

TEXTILE

Sales of ready-made clothing in supermarkets is one of the features of this type

of commercial space. Hypermarkets respond to the expectations of customers, in

order to satisfy them and save the shopping time, by the basic supply of textile

products. Diversity of surfaces and emphasis on high color fi delity requires a specifi c

way of lighting.

A system of luminaires with a narrow beam

angle provides variable lighting allowing quick

light scene change.

In the strictly arranged space of a hypermarket the textile department captures attention because of its dif-ferent concept. The lines formed by racks are interrupted here and one can hide here from the other shop-pers. The shelves are often arranged into circles, waves, angled lines or „fenced“ from the outside by stands with goods. The arrangement of racks and shelves changes depends on the demanded goods or on which goods the store wishes to promote. The lighting needs to be changed along the arrangement changes. A system of luminaires with a narrow beam angle provides vari-able lighting allowing quick light scene change. By using accent luminaires it is possible to easily disturb uniformity, increase contrast and spotlight particular goods. The textile department is typical for diversity of colours, which for design or clothing matching reasons need to be perceived in their natural shades. This makes the colour rendering index the most important factor (it should be above 90). The most suitable choice is to use high-quality LEDs with a CRI ≥ 90 or a metal halide lamp with a ceramic burner. Another advantage with these lamps is that they don’t emit UV light which makes colours fade on all types of textiles.

TRACK AVIOR 50-51ADVANCED

CASH DESKS

CASH DESKS

The fi nal shopping stage is equally important as the entrance, which motivates

the customer to enter. This is also the last possibility to infl uence the customer‘s

decisions and offer him some extra goods.

First of all, however, it should make a positive impression, so that the customers leave the hypermarket in a good mood willing to return. This place needs to feel safe, comfortable and open with suffi cient light to be able to read information on the cash voucher. The increased level of light around the cash desk also points to their position and improves customer orientation in the store. Besides marketing objectives the cash desk lighting must also meet working standards. Visual comfort is very impor-tant, because the cashiers spend most of their working hours working with money which requires increased attention to avoid possible mistakes. It is necessary to avoid refl ections on shiny surfaces on the belt, the cigarette tray and advertising areas.

A simple solution providing correct cash desk light-ing is to use the Prestige continuous track system with a PAR parabolic louvre. The louvre prevents any unwanted glare and improves visual comfort for the cashiers.

PRESTIGE PAR 48-49

DECREASING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTING

DECREASING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTINGWe live and work in the period of major climate changes. This phenomenon

affects many factors and phenomena, but certainly one of the most important is

so-called greenhouse effect, as a result of the accumulation of undesirable gases

in the atmosphere. The main factor is CO2 that gets into the atmosphere due to

combustion of organic fuels, especially in the automobile transport and thermal

power. One of the ways to positively affect this state is a global reduction of

electricity consumption.

THE FUTURE IN HANDS OF TECHNOLOGIES

Using artifi cial lighting, today we consume almost 20 % of the world production of electricity. This volume can be reduced to a third by using better and more effi cient technologies. It means, as well, a reduction of CO

2 emissions by more than 450 million tons per year!

In this way, anyone, who decides on the purchase of lighting fi xtures or project lighting systems, can contrib-ute to the solution of the threat to our environmental problems. Objectively comparable parameter is an indicator of effectiveness of lighting in buildings – Light Energy Numeric Indicator (LENI). It is quoted in consumption of kWh/m2 per year and is a part of the measurement of Energy Performance of Buildings accord-ing to relevant laws.

COMPLEX RECONSTRUCTION

INNOVATIONAfter summarizing all shortcomings discovered in the fi rst step, a change analysis and lighting requirement analysis for individual departments must be performed (general lighting, racks, food-stuffs, textiles, cash desks).

The fi rst step is to choose the right light-ing system. Considering the severity and the long-term impact of the decision, all aspects need to be taken into account, from dimmability, arrangement and number of luminaires through correct choice of lamps to a harmonic overall design.

General lighting Fluorescent lamp luminaires with a power input of 1 x 49 W, located between racks in the middle of the aisles and equipped with an aluminium refl ec-tor R12 FDH AL. FDH (T5) technology provides lower power input and higher luminous fl ux thanks to the improved effi ciency of the optical system.

PRESTIGE 48-49

When deciding, the results of all analysis points need to be taken into account. Considering the investment costs, many competent managers only decide to replace the oldest energy ineffi cient parts of the lighting system. Frequently they only replace ballasts and refl ectors and even more frequently only the light sources (fl uorescent lamps). A luminaire, however, is a complex system, in which replacement of a single component can have a negative impact. For example, by replacing the FD (T8) lamp with a FDH (T5) lamp you gain a higher luminous fl ux with a lower power input. At the same time, however, it is also necessary to replace the plugin base and the ballast. The refl ector was designed to work with the older FD (T8) lamp, which causes improper luminous fl ux distribution. The uniformity of lighting will de-crease, possibly so much that the basic normative requirements will not be met.

LIGHTING QUALITY STANDARD

LIGHTING QUALITY STANDARD

We are a part of the Earth’s ecosys-tem. Much of mankind’s activities are devoted to changing the living condi-tions to adjusting them to our own needs. Our company, on the other hand, strives to perfectly imitate the natural light conditions in which we developed and live in using artifi cial light, and based on objective obser-vation, model these conditions with the aim to improve our performance, comfort and health. All of this was made possible by mastering technology and execution. In this stage we can describe the weight of individual parameters and criteria attributed to a light fi xture. The outcome is a value describing the complexity, or the specialization of a given light fi xture. In all cases we strive to maximize it, because the maximum for us is light-ing quality standard.

Most of the biological processes taking place in all living organisms, hence in us too, show certain periodic-ity. Circadian rhythms with a periodicity of roughly 24 h have developed as an adaptation to the cyclic changes related to the Earth’s rotation. The biologi-cal clock ticks long and precisely – it is namely driven by light. Beside the period length its origin is also important for the rhythms. Endogenous rhythms are the result of endogenous processes in the body and exogenous rhythms refl ect regular environment changes. If dis-turbed, our performance decreases and we feel discomfort, which can even lead to pathological conditions.We perceive the environment we live in mainly by eyesight, and the eye as a sense organ provides us with up to 80 % of all information. A good light-ing is thus crucial. Despite that, most of our population spend their days in interiors where the illumination levels are between 50 to 300 lux. From this viewpoint we live in a chronobiological darkness, because the minimum light fl ux capable of infl uencing the running

of our biological clock is above 500 lux, ideally 1000 lux.Today we have at our disposal a lot of knowledge about what the lighting should be like in relation to space, our needs and the internal biological proc-esses which are triggered and controlled subconsciously by its intensity. All of this knowledge can be transformed exactly into target parameters, easily expressed values and requirements pertaining:

• illumination level and its evenness• harmonic distribution and bal-

anced brightness ratio• light colour temperature and light sour-

ce quality related to colour rendition• light fl ux direction

Along with the fundamental changes in the life of the human society and the geometrically increasing share of information in our relationship with the surrounding world, the lighting also de-velops dynamically. The development of new light sources and light fi xtures takes advantage of special technologies, new optical systems and materials, focuses on optimum effi ciency and takes the environmental impact into account.

The large quantity of manufactured light fi xtures requires proper categorization

and classifi cation to facilitate customer orientation. We categorize light fi xtures

according to several different criterias describing them in terms of ergonomics,

emotionality, individuality, ecology and design. These criteria are the foundations

of our lighting quality standard. Its value represents the mutual relationships and

levels of assessed aspects.

CHOICE OF THE RIGHT LAMP

• Fluorescent lamp with extendedlife ECO – the most recent materials and technologies are used in the manufac-ture of this lamp. The most modern fl uo-rescent lamps offer double lifetime with a comparable luminous fl ux compared to the traditional lamps (up to 45,000 h). They are particularly well suited for places with diffi cult access (high ceilings, offi ce premises, public premises, warehouses, parking houses...).

• Fluorescent lamp withan integrated refl ectorThis solution uses a special refl ector, which directs the luminous fl ux directly downwards under an angle of 120°. No dust can reach the refl ector, which means its performance does not de-crease over time. This lamp is intended for use in dusty environments, such as factories, warehouses, parking lots and hypermarkets.

Traditional fl uorescent lamp installed in a lumi-naire. Dust collection on top of the fl uorescent lamp signifi cantly decreases the luminous fl ux.

Special lamp with integrated refl ector – dust has no impact on its performance.

Metal Halide Discharge LampsThe second generation metal halide lamps with a ceramic burner and new gas mixtures in the lamp bulb offer reduced power consumption and a lumi-nous fl ux higher by up to 30 %. Its effe-ciency has increased up to 110 lm/W, its lifetime was extended to 15,000 h and the colour rendering index has increased from 80 to 90.

High-Pressure Sodium Discharge Lamps (White Sodium)A modern lamp offering unique warm white light rich in reds. This discharge lamp is widely used in lighting of hyper-markets premises – it creates a pleasant atmosphere, e.g. in furniture stores, and it is excellent for lighting of pastry, meat and fl owers. The colour rendering index CRI = 80 and the colour temperature is 2,550 K.

Graphic design: © Milan Mikula, Jozef Jagušák, RECO s.r.o., Prepress: RECO s.r.o., Photo: Milan Noga, RECO s.r.o.

The manufacturer reserves all rightsto make changes in ma-terials and componentsused in production of lighting fi ttings.