olweus bullying prevention program west virginia school counselor workshops october 2 beckley...
TRANSCRIPT
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Program Developer Dan Olweus
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Recognition of the Olweus Bullying
Prevention Program• Blueprint Model Program
(Center for the Study & Prevention of Violence)
• Model Program (SAMHSA)
• Effective Program (OJJDP)
• Level 2 Program (US Dept. of Education)
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Program Components
School
Classroom
Individual
Community
ParentParentss
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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The Olweus Bullying Prevention Program IS...
• Designed for ALL students• Preventive AND responsive• Focused on changing norms
and restructuring the school setting
• Research-based• NOT time-limited: Requires
systematic efforts over time© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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The OBPP IS NOT...The OBPP IS NOT...
• a curriculum
• a conflict resolution approach
• a peer mediation program
• an anger management program
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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What is the Olweus What is the Olweus Definition of Bullying?Definition of Bullying?
““A person is bullied when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on the part of one or more other persons, and he or she has difficulty defending himself or herself.” Olweus et al., 2007
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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“Bullying is when someone repeatedly and on purpose says or does mean or hurtful things to another person who has a hard time defending himself or herself.”
In everyday language…
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Three Key Components of Three Key Components of Bullying BehaviorBullying Behavior
1. Involves an aggressive behavior
2. Typically involves a pattern of behavior repeated over time
3. Imbalance of power or strength
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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BULLYING = PEER ABUSEBULLYING = PEER ABUSE
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Direct Direct BullyingBullying
• Hitting, kicking, shoving, spitting…
• Taunting, name-calling, degrading comments
• Threatening, obscene gestures
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Indirect Indirect BullyingBullying
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
• Getting another person to bully someone
• Spreading rumors• Social isolation• Cyber-bullying
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Relational BullyingRelational Bullying
• Damaging reputations or social standing with peers and/or
• Using threats or loss of relationships to manipulate
© Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
BULLYINGBULLYING
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Distinguishing Among…
• Bullying• Rough-and-
Tumble Play• Real Fighting
• TG CD #3
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Why is it important to address bullying in
schools?1. For students and their
futures2. For a healthy school climate3. For the larger community4. For the purposes of risk
management for schools5. It’s a wise investment
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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What Roles Do Students Play In Bullying Situations?
B
C
D
H
G
E
F
AStart the bullying and take an active partTake an activepart, but do not start the bullying
Support the bullying, but do not take an active part
Like the bullying, but do not display open support
Watch what happens, don’t take a stand
Dislike the bullying and think they ought to help, but don’t do it
Dislike the bullying, help or try to help the bullied student
The one who is being bullied
Student Who Is Bullied
Students Who Bully
Followers
Supporters
Passive Supporters
DisengagedOnlookers
Possible Defenders
Defenders
TG, p. 24
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Misdirections in Bullying Prevention and
Intervention• Simple, short-term solutions• “Program du jour approaches”• Group treatment for children who bully• Anger management or self-esteem enhancement
for children who bully• Zero tolerance policies for bullying• Mediation/conflict resolution to resolve bullying issues• Selecting inappropriate supplemental materials
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Schoolwide Guide DVD
Part 2: Overview of the Part 2: Overview of the OBPPOBPP
ComponentsComponents
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Goals of the Olweus Bullying Prevention
Program
• Reduce existing bullying problems among students
• Prevent the development of new bullying problems
• Achieve better peer relations at school
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Program Principles
1. Warmth, positive interest, and involvement are needed on the part of adults in school.
2. Set firm limits to unacceptable behavior.
3. Consistently use nonphysical, nonhostile negative consequences when rules are broken.
4. Adults in the school should act as authorities and positive role models.
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Program Program ComponentsComponents
School
Individual
Classroom
Community
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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School-Level Components
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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The Olweus Bullying Questionnaire
• Locations of hotspots• Patterns for girls and boys• Insights into school climate• Information to assess supervision• Adult and student attitudes about
bullying• Impact of bullying on students• Valuable planning tool
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Hold Staff Discussion Group Meetings
• Goals of the groups
• Organization and leaders
• Topics for discussion
– Sample outline (SWG Doc #18)
– Staff Discussion Group Log (SWG Doc #19)
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Introduce School Rules and Consequences
• Develop policy on bullying
– Samples: SWG Doc. # 20
• Anti-bullying rules
• Positive & negative consequences
• Introducing rules and consequences© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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about bullying• We will not bully others.• We will try to help students
who are bullied.• We will try to include students
who are left out.• If we know that somebody is
being bullied, we will tell an adult at school and an adult at home.
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
SPSP (TG Doc #8)
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Use of Positive Consequences
to Reinforce Behavior
• Why are positive consequences critical?
• Who receives them?
• Types of behavior to reinforce
• Types of positive consequences
• Tips on use of positive consequences
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Use of Negative Consequences
• Why aren’t positive consequences enough?
• Guidelines for use of negative consequences
• Types of negative consequences
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Refine the Supervisory System
1. Determine the “hot spots” for bullying
2. Develop strategies to increase supervision in common “hot spots”
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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6. Refine the Supervisory System (continued)
3.Develop ways of tracking and reporting bullying incidents schoolwide (Sample: SWG CD # 23)
4.Consider the attitudes of supervising adults
5.Evaluate your school’s physical design to reduce bullying
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2004© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2004
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Hold Kick-off Event to Launch the Program
•What is it?•When should it take place? •How to prepare for it? •What to cover?•Related activities
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
SSPP
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Partner with Parents• The importance of parent
involvement in the OBPP• Strategies to involve parents in
OBPP– Serve on the BPCC– Attend schoolwide parent meetings– Attend/help organize classroom
parent meetings– Talk with their children about bullying
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention © The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007Group, 2007
SSPP TG CD #23, #25, #26, & #27
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Classroom-Level Components
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Classroom-Level Components
• Post and enforce schoolwide rules against bullying
• Hold regular class meetings
• Hold meetings with students’ parents
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Why Hold Class Meetings?
• Teach students about bullying, rules, related issues
• Help students learn more about themselves, feelings, reactions
• Build a sense of community • Help the teacher learn more about
classroom culture• Provide a forum for addressing and
following up on bullying issues
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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How to Conduct Class Meetings
• Scheduling class meetings
• What they are NOT
• Teacher experience and comfort with class meetings
• “Class meetings” vs. “Bullying meetings”
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Individual-Level
Components
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Individual-Level Components
1. Supervise students’ activities2. Ensure that all staff intervene on-
the-spot when bullying occurs3. Hold meetings with students
involved in bullying4. Develop individual intervention
plans for involved students
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Why Adults Don’t Always Intervene:• Have difficulty recognizing
bullying• Fail to recognize the importance
of intervening• Uncertain how best to intervene• Lack of time
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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On-the-Spot Interventions:The “Teachable Moment”1. Stop the bullying2. Support the student who has been bullied3. Name the bullying behavior & refer to the
school rules4. Empower the bystanders5. Impose immediate and appropriate
consequences 6. Take steps to ensure the bullied student
will be protected from future bullying
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Follow-Up Interventions
1. Report the incident to key adults
2. Identify who will meet with students
3. Hold separate talks with parties
4. Implement supports for bullied child
5. Impose consequences for the children who bully
6. Talk with parents
7. Check-in later© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Working with Parents of Involved Students
• Contacting parents– Of bullied children
– Of children who bully others
– Of bystanders
• Working with parents who contact the school
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
SPSP
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Community-Level Components
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Community-Level Components
• Involve community members on the BPCC
• Develop partnerships with community members to support your program
• Help spread anti-bullying messages and principles of best practice throughout the community
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Communities Support Prevention Efforts
• Parent Teacher Association (PTA)• City Council or County Commissioners • Non-Profit Family & Child Welfare
Organizations• Local businesses• Public Service Groups (e.g. Kiwanis,
Rotary, Junior League)• Local foundations• Local press (newspaper, TV, radio)
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Spreading the Anti-Bullying Message into
the Community• Community sports leagues• After-school programs• Scouting, 4-H, other youth
programs• Faith-based organizations• Juvenile justice groups• Summer camps
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2007
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Take-Home Message
•Stopping bullying takes a team effort.
•Approach the process in steps.
•Change happens in small increments.
© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2004© The Olweus Bullying Prevention Group, 2004