oled devices and applications
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By
Balahariharan D
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MotivationHow OLED worksTypes of OLEDsAdvantages and ChallengesCurrent and Future Applications
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CathodeEmissive LayerConductive LayerAnodeSubstrate
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1. Voltage applied across Cathode and Anode
1. Typically 2V-10V
2. Current flows from cathode to anode
1. Electrons flow to emissive layer
2. Electrons removed from conductive layer leaving holes
3. Holes jump into emissive layer
3. Electron and hole combine and light emitted
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Different Colors type of organic
molecule in the emissive layer
3 molecules used -RGB Intensity/brightness
amount of current
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Passive-matrix OLEDActive-matrix OLEDTransparent OLEDTop-emitting OLEDFoldable OLEDWhite OLED
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Perpendicular cathode/anode strip orientation
Light emitted at intersection (pixels)
External circuitry Turns on/off pixels
External circuitryLarge power
consumption Used on 1-3 inch screens Alphanumeric displays
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Full layers of cathode, anode, organic molecules
Thin Film Transistor matrix (TFT) on top of anodeInternal circuitry to
determine which pixels to turn on/off
Less power consumed then PMOLEDUsed for larger
displays
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Transparent substrate, cathode and anode
Bi-direction light emission
Passive or Active Matrix OLED
Useful for heads-up displayTransparent projector
screenglasses
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Non-transparent or reflective substrate
Transparent CathodeUsed with Active
Matrix DeviceSmart card displays
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Flexable metalic foil or plastic substrate
Lightweight and durable
Reduce display breaking
Clothing OLED
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Emits bright white light
Replace fluorescent lights
Reduce energy cost for lighting
True Color Qualities
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Thinner, lighter and more flexiblePlastic substrates rather then glass High resolution (<5um pixel size) and
fast switching (1-10um)Do not require backlight, light generatedLow voltage, low power and emissive
sourceRobust Design (Plastic Substrate)Larger sized displaysBrighter- good daylight visibilityLarger viewing angles -170o
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LifetimeWhite, Red, Green 46,000-230,000 hours
About 5-25 yearsBlue 14,000 hours
About 1.6 years
ExpensiveSusceptible to waterOvercome multi-billion dollar LCD market
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Kodak LS633 EasyShare with OLED display The Sony 11-inch XEL-1 OLED TV
Samsung Roadmap• 2009 - 14,15, and 21 inch OLED panel• 2010 - 40 to 42 inch full HD OLED panel
Toshiba Roadmap•2009 – 30 inch Full HD panel
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A 2'x2' white light prototype by GE World’s First OLED Lamp
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http://www.oled-info.com/buy-oled
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Limited use caused by degradation of materials.
OLED will replace current LED and LCD technologies
ExpensiveFlexibility and thinness will enable many
applications
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Bardsley, James. "International OLED Technology Roadmap." IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS. Jan. 2004. IEEE. <http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=01288066>.
Freudenrich, Craig, Ph.D. "How OLEDs Work." Howstuffworks. 2008. <http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/oled.htm>.
OLED-info. "OLED Lights and Sony OLEDs." OLED displays
and television resources, info and news. 2008. <http://www.oled-info.com/>.
Organic Lighting Technologies. "Technology." Organic Lighting Technologies LLC. 2006. <http://www.o-lite.com/technology.htm>.
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Q&A