WOODROW WILSON

OH,
WHAT A LOVELY WARWorld War One: Big Picture and Oshawa January 25, 2017

Whitby Probus Club

Robert T. Bell & Glenn McKnight

Overview

Part One: Big PicturePart Two: Canada's Role Part Three: Oshawa's Role Part Four: Legacy of the war

Glenn McKnight

Glenn is a Director with the Foundation for Building Sustainable Communities and he has been active as a citizen journalist capturing the stories and memories of local Oshawa military history. Stories from War of 1812, American Civil War, Fenian Raids, WW 2, WW 2 and Korean WarsHe is a volunteer with the 1948 Partition Project which is collecting memories of those who suffered the partition of British India

Robert T. Bell

Is a local REALTOR with Coldwell Banker 2M Realty Brokerage & owner of Durham Metal Detectors.

Always interested in history & the community he is a long time member of the Oshawa Historical Society, The Durham Region Branch of the Ontario Genealogical Society, & is a former member of Heritage Oshawa.

Volunteering with the Foundation for Building Sustainable Communities he has been involved in the War of 1812 Project & the Canadian Victory Garden.

He is believer in life long learning!

Part One

The Big Picture

The Big Picture

REASONS FOR WAR

Europe divided into many alliances & the big 2 were: Central Powers Italy, Austria-Hungary & Germany
Triple Entente (Allies) France, Great Britain & Russia

June 28, 1914: Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to A-H throne & wife Sophia visited Sarajevo, Bosnia.

BLACK HAND (Serbian terrorist group who want Bosnia free),try to kill Franz.

Tried a bomb & failed.

GAVRILLO PRINCEP shoots both

WAR BEGINS!!!

Germany declares war on Serbs July 28th, 1914

Aug. 4th, 1914, Great Britain declares war on Germany for violating Belgiums neutrality.

Schlieffen Plan goes thru Belgium to circle Paris,

Germany stopped at 1st Battle of Marne
(Sept. 6-10, 1914).

French troops sent in taxis to front line in red uniforms.

New Technology and War

Trenches

Poison gas (Chlorine, Mustard)

Tanks

Planes

Machine guns

Zeppelins

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G9iR0xJW-Fk

Part Two

Canadian Role in the War

Canada's Role and the War

War by Numbers

660,000 Canadians recruited
70 % British born67,000 died160,000 woundedCost $2 billion

CEF Battles

MonsSt. EloiNeuve ChappeleYpres x 2 GivenchyLa BasseLoosAmiensValenciennes

PlugstreetSt. JulienThe SommeCoureletteVimy RidgeHill 70PaschendaleArrasCambria

The Impact of the War

Homefront

RationingVictory GardensMetal and Fat DrivesWomen in FactoriesWar Measures ActCanadian Red Cross

Local Bond Drives Care packagesPost hospital careWar productionLimited women's voteIndustrialization

Became TOTAL WAR-complete mobilization of resources & people.

Women take over jobs in factories

PLANNED ECONOMIES
Systems run by gov't agencies that expanded powers to meet needs such as: conscription, regulate import/exports, ration food, control prices, wages & rent control

Income Tax

The financial cost of the war amounted to almost $38 billion for Germany

Austria-Hungary $20 billion.

Other $2 billion

The war cost Central Powers $60 billion

Britain $35 Billion Canada $2 BillionFrance $24 Billion Russia $22 Billion USA $22 billionOther $2 billion

The war cost the Allies $125 billion

Terms for Germany Defeat

Abdication of the KaiserPay war reparations Reduction to a 100,000 standing armyGet rid of air force & reduce navyReturn Alsace & Loraine Sections of Germany given to Poland.

Part Three

Oshawa Local History

Oshawa's Role in the War

Part Three

Oshawa Local History

Ontario Regiment

Many local residents joined the 116 Battalion and the 182 Battalion fighting with the 9th Infantry Brigade and the 18th Reserve Battalion- 330 number of dead? of wounded? of recruits

Enemy Amongst Us

Imprisonment of Ukranians

At the declaration of war a War Measures Act was implemented

300 local Ukrainians imprisoned, detained and documented

In 1918 a local church was invaded by the police as apparently reported in the Oshawa Times

Home (Barnardo) Children

* Approximately 118,000 children sent* Sent from 1863 to 1939

* Sent to Canada at a young age

* Only 2% were Orphans!

* They were sending them to A better life

* Some were given into care with intentions of reunification that never happened

* Siblings were separated in care

Herbert Green Born1881, 1892 into care, 1894 to Canada

Enlisted
Oshawa June 10, 1915

Gassed France July 24, 1918

Nursing Sisters - Angels of Mercy

* Called Sisters because many belonged to Religious orders

* About 2,504 served in WWI

* Given the rank of Lieutenant

* Called Bluebirds because of their Blue dresses, they wore white aprons & veils

* Often in harms way - 46 killed in the line of duty

Sarah Ellen Garbutt

* Enlisted April 3, 1917 Kingston

* Arrived in England June 8

* Hospitalized in England June 27

* Died of cancer Aug 20, 1917 age 42

Red Baron

What happened to veterans

Thank You

Resources

Attestation Papers

Http:tinyurl.com/odx6r2q

Slideshow

FBSC www.fbsc.org

Bob Bell www.roberttbell.com