official languages of india
TRANSCRIPT
7/31/2019 Official Languages of India
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Official languages
Two languages are the languages used by the central administration:
1. Hindi is the language used by the Central Government when communicating with the
states of Hindi Belt2. English is the Associate official language and the language to be used while
communicating with the states.
Recognized national languages of India
A total of 22 languages are recognized by the Constitution of India:
1. Assamese — official language of Assam
2. Bengali — official language of Tripura and West Bengal
3.Bodo — official language of Assam
4. Dogri — official language of Jammu and Kashmir
5. Gujarati — official language of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu and Gujarat
6. Hindi — official language of Arunachal Pradesh, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bihar,Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya
Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal
7. Kannada — official language of Karnataka
8. Kashmiri — official language of Jammu and Kashmir 9. Konkani — official language of Goa and Mangalore
10.Malayalam — official language of Kerala and Lakshadweep
11.Manipuri or Meithei — official language of Manipur
12.Marathi — official language of Maharashtra13.Nepali — official language of Sikkim
14.Oriya — official language of Orissa
15.Punjabi — official language of Punjab and Chandigarh, second official language of Delhi
and Haryana
16.Sanskrit — language of Hinduism, required teaching in many schools
17.Santali - language of the Santhal tribals of the Chota Nagpur Plateau (comprising the statesof Jharkhand, Bihar, Orissa and Chattisgarh)
18.Sindhi - language of the Sindhi community
19.Tamil — official language of Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry
20.Telugu — official language of Andhra Pradesh
21.
Urdu — official language of Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh
Other Important State languages
These languages are state official languages but are not yet recognized as national languages:
1. Kokborok - official language of Tripura
2. Mizo - official language of Mizoram
3. Khasi - official language of Meghalaya4. Garo - official language of Meghalaya
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Other popular languages of India
These languages have over 5 million speakers but no official status. Many are often considered
sub-varieties of Hindi.
Bihari languages
These three Bihari languages also have over 5 million speakers but no official status. They wereonce mistakenly thought to be dialects of Hindi, but have been more recently shown to be part of
the Eastern Group of Indic languages, along with Bengali, Assamese, and Oriya.
1. Angika — language of Bihar, Spoken largely in the Northern and Southern part of Bihar,
Major part of Jharkhand and Maldah district of West Bengal2. Bhojpuri — language of Bihar
3. Magadhi — language of southern Bihar
Rajasthani languages
Rajasthani dialect is spoken in state of Rajasthan by more than fifty million people, the dialect
changes from district to district but people could communicate with each other even if they are
from different districts and have different dilects.The main varities are as such.
1. Marwari — language of Marwar. The region including Jodhpur,Nagour and Bikaner.
2. Mewari — language of Mewar. The region including Udaipur, Chittor and Kota-Bundi.
3. Shekhavati — language of Shekhavati. The region including Sikar, Churu, Jhunjhunu.
Other languages
1. Bhili (Bhil tribals)
2. Gondi (Gond tribals)3. Kodava, spoken in the Kodagu district of Karnataka
4. Kutchi — language of Kutch, a region in Gujarat
5. Tulu — spoken by Tulu people of Karnataka and Kerala
6. Sankethi — spoken by Sankethi people in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala
The Constitution of India lists 18 regional languages.
Minority languages of IndiaThese languages have fewer than one million speakers:
1. Mahl — language of Minicoy, spoken in the island of Minicoy.