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HYDRAULICS BRANCH OFFICIAL FILE COPY

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION HYDRAULIC LABORATORY

OFFICE , FILE COPY

YiHD' BORROWED RETURN PROMPTLY

HYDRAULIC MODEL STUDIES OF THE TRINITY DAM

AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS JET-FLOW GATE

CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT, CALIFORNIA

Hydraulic Laboratory Report No. Hyd-472

DIVISION OF ENGINEERING LABORATORIES

COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE DENVER, COLORADO

January 6, 1961

CONTENTS

Purpose ....................................... . Cone 1 us ions ................................... . Introduction ................................... . The Mode 1 .................................... . Investigation .................................. .

Page

1 1 2 4 5

Method of Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Discharge Into the Atmosphere ............. ; . . 5 Discharge Into a Conduit- -Free Water Surface . . 6

Effect of Air System Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Effect of Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Effect of Gate Opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Effect of Conduit Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Effect of Closing Air Inlet.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Effect of Froude Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1 : 1 7 Sea le Mode 1, Shasta Gate .................. . Auxiliary Outlet Works-Trinity Dam ............. . 84-inch Ring Follower and Jet Flow Gates ........ . 84-inch Jet Flow Gate-Assembly ................ . 84-inch Jet Flow Gate-Sections ................. . 1 :14. 87 Scale Model-Trinity Gate ................ . Free Discharge From Gate ..................... . Pressures and Pressure Factors ................ . Flow Interference at Downstream Frame ......... . Coefficient of Discharge-vs-Gate Opening ........ . Flow With 24-inch Long Conduit ................. . Flow_ With 48 -inch Long Conduit ................. . Effect of Air Inlet Orifice Size on Air Demand .... . Air Demand- -24-inch Long Conduit .............. . Air Demand--48-inch Long Conduit .............. . Air Demand--72-inch Long Conduit .............. . Air Demand--96-inch Long Conduit .............. . Air Demand- -120-inch Long Conduit ............. . Effect of Mode 1 Conduit Length on Air Demand .... . Effect of Froude Number on Air-Water Ratio ..... .

Figure

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

UNITED STATES , DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

Commissioner's Office--Denver Division of Engineering Laboratories Hydraulic Laboratory Branch Denver, Colorado January 6, 1961

Laboratory Report No. Hyd-472 Compiled by: W. P. Simmons,_. JChecked by: W. E. Wagner Reviewed by: J. W. Ball Submitted by: H. M. Martin

Subject: Hydraulic model studies of the Trinity Dam Auxiliary outlet works jet-flow gate--Central Valley Project, California

PURPOSE

Studies were conducted to determine operating characteristics, coefficients of discharge, and air demand for the most recent jet­flow gate design discharging freely into the atmosphere or into a partly filled conduit.

CONCLUSIONS

1. The revised and simplified jet-flow gate performed in very nearly the same way as the original design developed for Shasta Dam. Operation is characterized by relative freedom from vibra­tion, absence of cavitation, no hydraulic downpull on the gate leaf, considerable spray around the jet, and heavy air demand.

2. The coefficient of"discharge for the fully opened gate is 0. 833 based upon the orifice area, the total head upstream and the pres­sure head downstream (Figure 10). A curve of Cd versus gate opening is presented and the data are applicable to both free dis­charge and conduit discharge conditions.

3. Small changes in gate opening at the near closed positions pro­duce large percentage changes in effective flow area. Gate leaf positioning, or leaf position indicating are very important and must be closely controlled if agreement is expected between computed and actual prototype flow releases.

\ \ \

4. At partial gate openings, small fins of water occurred at the corners formed by the gate leaf bottom and the edges of the gate orifice. The fins struck the downstream slot corners (Figure 9) and partly filled the slots with relatively slow moving water. This is the same action that occurs in the Shasta gates and no trouble or maintenance problems have been encountered in the field instal­lations.

5. Air demand increased rapidly as the model operating head was raised on the gate (Figures 13-19).

6. Air demand, as measured through the air inlet system, increased as the length of the downstream conduit increased (Figure 19). Part of this rise was believed due to a greater entrainment action in the longer conduit. In addition, part of the measured rise was due to the fact that a greater percentage of the total quantity of air actually being entrained had to go through the inlet system because, as the conduit became longer, it became more difficult for air to move rpstream in the fluidway above the water surface. Thus, a greater percentage of the actual demand was measured when long conduits were used.

7. The vital need of aeration to the system was illustrated by severe negative pressures and a partial collapse of the 120-inch long conduit that occurred when the air supply was cut off during a run with a 100-percent gate opening and a 38-foot model head.

INTRODUCTION

The "jet-flow gate" is a high head regulating control structure (Figure 1) developed in 1946 by the Bureau of Reclamation for use in the upper and intermediate outlet tiers at Shasta Dam. 1 /- It consists of a movable gate leaf enclosed in a special frame or housing with a contracting orifice on the upstream side and a larger sized opening on the downstream ~ide. The Shasta gates were fitted to 102-inch-diameter inlet and outlet conduits and had an orifice diameter of 96 inches. Air was admitted into the con­duits just downstream from the gates.

The unique feature of the gate consists of the carefully planned contraction of flow as water passes through it. This contraction is obtained by diverging the walls of t]].~ approach conduit and then contracting the flow area with a 45 -degree converging cone that terminated in a circular orifice (Figure 1). In cases where the

l/ Refers to reference at end of report.

2

leaf throttles the flow, the spring point at the _upstream bottom edge of the leaf produces part of the contraction. By proper design, the required amount of contraction is obtained to allow the jet to pass the gate slots before it again touches the conduit walls. Thus the flow does not strike the gate slots, and the usual difficulties with negative pressures and cavitation at gate slots are avoided.

Air is required around the jet to maintain the free-flow conditions, and provisions must be made for its admission. Tests have shown that if the air is introduced at the top of the conduit at the down­stream face of the leaf, it will be drawn into the regions where aeration is needed.

Experiences with the prototype Shasta gates show that the design performs extremely well. No operational difficulties or unrea­sonable maintenance problems have occurred, and operators find the gates easy to handle.

A graph showing discharge coefficients for various gate openings for the Shasta gate and conduit system was prepared from model study data .obtained at the time the final design was evolved (Figure 1). These coeff!cie;ts, based upon the conduit area and the res­ervoir head above t e gate, are for tlie entire Ouflet conduit system, not just for the gate itself.

In years following the initial development and use of the gates at Shasta Dam, the basic design has been extended to other struc­tures. The degree of freedom available in designing the newer gates was greater than at Shasta where the conduits were already embedded in the dam. Simplifications and design changes have therefore been possible. These included .!:!_~~_g__a.11.orifice of the same diameter as the approaching _pipeline, a conic expanding section, a greater vertical drop ~rom the orifice lip to the gate frame invert, and larger conduits (or in some cases, free dis­charge) downstream. The~nch jet-flow gate for the Trinity Dam auxiliary outlet works is the latest and most advanced of these designs (Figures 2 through 5).

Detailed information concerning the operating characteristics, coefficients of discharge, pressure conditions, and air demand at various gate openings, was desired for this newer design. Mode 1 studies were made to obtain this information, and dis­cussions of the model, the tests, and the results are given in this report.

3

THE MODEL

A 1:14. 87 scale model of the Trinity jet-tlow gate was obtained by using the upstream body of the original Shasta mode 1 and by adding a new upstream conic expanding section, new side plates, a new floor plate, a new leaf. and new downstream body and con­duit sections (Figure 6). Particular attention was given to the shape of the orifice lip, the ring seal just downstream from the lip, the gate leaf bottom, and the leaf, wheel tracks, and down­stream frame. The general geometry of the leaf, tracks and frame affect the path the air must take to reach and aerate the jet. A protractor scale graduated in degrees was attached to the top of the gate bonnet below the leaf operating cr.ank so accu­rate gate settings could be obtained by appropriate turns of the lifting screw.

A 24-inch-long transparent plastic conduit section downstream from the gate allowed flow conditions to be observed inside the conduit. Sheet metal sections were added to the plastic conduit to make total lengths of 48, 72, 96, and 120 inches. The air conduit, which is formed by a partition at the top of the main con­duit, was included in the sections. An air inlet measuring station, consisting of a vertical 3-inch pipe fitted with appro­priate flat plate inlet orifices, was built onto one 24-inch-long, sheet metal section. The air conduit was sealed off at the downstream end of this pipe so that all air that entered the system came through the orifice meter. The metering section was always placed at the downstream end of the pipe system.

One-sixteenth-inch-diameter piezometers were provided at the reference station ahead of the gate and at points within the gate and conduit wher'e low pressures were considered possible (Figure 6). The pressures acting at these points were measured by single- and double-leg water manometers and by a mercury manometer. The rate of flow was measured by calibrated 4-, 6-, 8-, ·and 12-inch venturi meters in the laboratory water supply system. Very small flows were measured by a laboratory­designed and calibrated orifice-venturi meter using 1. 250- and 1. 750-inch flat plate orifices. Flow was provided by a 12-inch centrifugal puinp operating alone. or by two 12-inch pumps opera­ting in series. The water leaving the model was directed into the laboratory storage reservoir for recirculation.

4

INVESTIGATION

Method of Testing

Tests were made by setting the gate to the desired opening and passing water through it. Measurements were made of water and air flow rates with appropriate pressures acting in the ·system. For the calibration data, at least five discharge settings were made at each gate opening with heads rangin~from 20 to 57 feet, model. The data were plotted as H versus Q . A straight line of best fit w~s drawn through the points for each gate opening to establish the mean values used in determining the coefficients. Several spot checks were made to check the reproducibility of the gate settings and data. Reynolds .numfers for the test points ran~d from the lowest of 3. 1 x 10 at a ~ percent opening to 2. 0 x 10 for full opening. These values were based upon the diameter of, and the velocity within, the 5. 65-inch conduit and orifice. On the basis of the velocity through the gate opening, and on equivalent diameter for the opening, the minimum value becomes 2. 25 x 105.

Tests were first made with the gate discharging freely into the atmosphere. Other tests with various-conduit lengths installed downstream from the gate showed that air demand was appreciable and that the pressure regime downstream from the gate was affected by conduit length and quantity of air supplied.

Discharge Into the Atmosphere

The flow under free discharge conditions at various gate openings is shown in Figure 7. Considerable spray occurred at all openings. The pressures to be expected under a 370-foot operating head are given in Figure 8. Pressure factors, by which the pressures can be determined for other prototype heads are also given. These pres-

sure factors are dimensionless and are defined as W -~o where t - 2

hx is the pressure head at a particular piezometer, h0 is the pres­sure head at the reference station one conduit diameter upstream from tl1:e gate, Ht is the total head at the reference station, (h0 + hv), andh2 is the pressure head just downstream from the gate. The value of h2 is measured at Piezometer 15, Figure 6, and is atmospheric i1no conduit is used. Prototype pressure values are obtained by using the factor for the piezometer in question, and introducing into the equation appropriate prototype values of Ht and h2 and h0 •

5

At small gate openings, minute errors in positioning the leaf resulted in large changes, percentage-wise, in effective opening. This made accurate positioning of the model leaf imperative in order to obtain consistent data. Similarly, accurate positioning of the prototype leaf will be imperative to obtain reasonable cor­relation between actual and computed outlet releases. Zero op_~n.­ing i~-~~t~!1.1~ctwhen th~_b9ttom u,p~tream ~dge_ e>f tQ~ leaf_is level witn the orificej,r1ve.rl, _ .. 1.00-percent opening is obtained when the learooffom is level with the orifice crown.

A slight flow interference occurs in the gate at the beginning of the downstream frame, particularly at small openings (Fj.gure.9A). Small feathery fins of water form at the corners of the jet as it passes through the control area in the gate. A part of each of these fins strikes the downstream frame and is deflected into the slot and track area. Enough water is deflected to partly fill the slots with turbulent, aerated, relatively slow moving water. This action is greatest at small gate openings, particularly at about 5 percent. No damage or difficulty is expected on the gate due to this minor interference. This is attested by the fact that the same interference was present in the Shasta model and pro­totype gates, 1/ and no trouble has been experienced after extensive field operation.

The coefficient curve based on the orifice (()r conduit) area for the modern-je·t-flow gate aricfupon the head differential across the gate was determined (Figure 10). Th~ coefficients are considered appropJ"i9-te for use for an jet-flow gates of recentdeslgn:· ·The · curve for the Shasta gates, based on the same parameters, also appears in Figure 10.

Because no water is present within the gate bonnet, no water load occurs on top of the gate leaf. Similarly, the bottom of the leaf is free of water and i.s subjected only to an air load. Thus, there is no appreciable downpull force on the leaf during gate operation, and no heavy loads are imposed upon the lifting stems and hoists. Movement of the gate leaf is relatively friction-free because the leaf is carried on wheels that roll on metal tracks. The greatest source of friction occurs at the large circular seal which is always held in contact with the upstream face of the leaf (Ftgure 5).

Discharge Into a Conduit- -Free Water Surface

Tests with various conduit lengths of the same cross-section placed downstream from the gate showed that a number of factors affected

6

the water flow and air demand. The conduits were egg-shaped in cross-section, 6. 457 inches wide and 7. 919 inches high (Figures 6 and 12). Lengths ranged from 24 inches to 120 inches, or the equivalent of 3. 72 to 18. 58 times the downstream conduit width, D2.

Small fins of water continued to strike the downstream gate frame and rise up the sides of the downstream conduit and then fall back to the bottom ( Figure 9 B). Part of the water was deflected into the slots. No difficulty is expected with this minor action.

Effect of Air System Restrictions. The first tests were made with a conduit 72 inches long. Orifice plates with diameters of 1. 00, 1. 50, 1. 90, and 2. 75 inches were used on the air inlet entrance to determine the effect of restrictions on the air flow. All tests were made with the gate 100 percent open and at model heads ranging from 10 to 50 feet. The 1. 00-inch orifice showed a def­inite restrictive effect {Figure 13). A much less restrictive effect occurred with the 1. 50-inch orifice. Little difference occurred between the' 1. 90- and the 2. 75-inch orifices. The appearance of the jet was not materially affected by these dif­ferent restrictions in the air supply system.

To reduce the number of test variables and to ease analysis of the data all subsequent tests were run with the same orifice plate. The 1. 90 -inch orifice was selected for the purpose because it provided reasonable differentials for low-flow measurements, without producing appreciable restrictive effect at high flows.

Effect of Head. An increase in model operating head, and hence discharge, had the effect of appreciably increasing the air demand and the ratio of air flow to·water flow ·(Ffgures 13 throygh 19). Also the quantity of spray around the j~t increased rapidly as the model head increased. Conversely, increases in upstream head produced decreases in head in the conduit just downstream from the gate. This was expected because as greater quantities of air are carried away by the water and spray at higher flows, lower pressures must necessarily result in the downstream con­duit.

Effect of Gate enin . As the gate was opened from fully closed to e :.percent opened position, air demand increased, partic -ularly atthe 25- and 40-foot heads (F!gures 14 throl,!gh 18). The · flow in a 24-inch:.long conduit with a 40-foot head, is shown in ,Figure 11. Further opening at the 25 and 40-foot heads produced a condition where the water jet occasionally became relatively

7

smooth, and then broke up again to produce a great deal of spray. The air demand was affected by the jet changes and was greatest when the spray was greatest. The unstable region is indicated in the curves of Figures 15 through 18. No surging or appreciable pressure variations occurred in the hydraulic system while the unstable conditions were being experienced. At a 60-percent gate opening the flow became stable again and the air demand dropped to that experienced at a 40-percent opening. The demand progressively increased at 70-, 80 ".", and 90-percen~ openings, and then rose rapidly to the peak demand at the 100-percent opening.

Runs made with a 10-foot model head did not produce the unstable conditions at the 50- to 60-percentgate openings, and did not pro­duce an intermediate peak demand at these openings.

Effect of Conduit Length. Several lengths of downstream conduit were tested to determine the effect of length upon air demand, and to .insure having sufficient length to obtain satisfactory repre -sentation of the very long prototype conduit. Data obtained in these tests are applicable only to the type of jet released by a jet­flow gate, and to the conduit cross-sectional shape and area ratios used.

The rate of flow through the air inlet system followed erratic patterns as the conduit length was increased (Figure 19). Gener­ally similar patterns occurred at 25 - and 40-foot heads at a 100-percent gate opening. In these cases the air demand increased as the conduit was lengthened to about 7 n2, then dropped slightly as the conduit was further lengthened to about 12 D2. A general rise in demand occurred with further lengthening between 12 D2 and 18. 57 D2 the maximum length tested. The 10 -foot head data showed a different pattern with a peak demand at about a 12 D2 conduit length and lower demands with shorter and longer conduits.

Quite different patterns occurred with 50-percent gate openings at the 25- and 40-foot heads. Sharp rises in demand accompanied conduit lengthening up to about 12 D2, With the 40-foot head, a more gradual rise followed up to the 18. 58 D2 length. The 25-foot head data showed a peak demand at a 15 n2 length and a drop with further lengthening. The 10-foot head, 50-percent gate opening data showed about the same pattern as did the 100-percent gate opening. In all cases, the demand at 5_0-percent gate opening was much less than for the 100-:-percent opening.

8

An appreciable, but unmeasured portion of the total air demand of the system was supplied by air entering at the outlet end of the conduit and moving upstream along the top of the fluidway. This reentrant air was particularly noticeable with the shortest conduits; however, even with a conduit length of 18. 58 D2, a small part of the total air demand appeared to be obtained in this manner.

In summary, the type of jet emanating from the gate and the geom­etry of the conduit downstream apparently interact to produce air demands that vary erratically as the conduit length is changed. Stable, predictable conditions were not completely achieved, even with a conduit 18, 58 D2 long. It did appear, however, that further increases in length would have only minor effect upon the air demand, and further tests were deemed unnecessary.

Effect of Closing Air Inlet. Drastic pressure reductions occurred in the gate and conduit system when the air flow through the inlet was severely restricted. Tests were made with the 120-inch-long conduit, a 37. 8-foot model head, and with the gate wide open. The discharge was 7. 35 cfs, and the upstream conduit piezometric pressure was 10. 10 feet. The air flow was slowly restricted by sliding a cover over the opening of the 1. 90-inch-diameter air inlet orifice. Pressures immediately lowered throughout the system. The downstream conduit began to collapse when the pressure in it reached minus 17 feet. The reference station pressure reached minus 7 feet. The air i.p,let restriction was quickly removed to avoid more extensive damage. The test served as a graphic example of the importance of adequate aeration of prototype gates discharging into tunnels so that satisfactory pressure gradients will be maintained and so that cavitation and other damage will be avoided.

Effect of Froude Number. Kalinske and Robertson 2/ have shown that the rate of air entrainment in .a hydraulic jump 7.n a circular pipe is related to the entering Froude number minus 1 (Figure 20). Prototype outlet works air demand data obtained by the . United States Corps of Engineers 3/ also shows a relationship, and a suggested design curve has-been presented (F~gure 20). The model data from the Trinity jet-flow gate is shown on the same plot, and conforms generally to the Kalinske and Robertson data .

Interpretation of the Trinity model results in terms of prototype performance must be approached with caution. First, there was no hydraulic jump in the conduits and air pumping was due to insufflation and boundary drag. Secondly, the velocities used

9

in the Froude number calculations were the computed vena con­tracta velocities using the full head. And thirdly, the depths used were the computed depths in the downstream conduit assuming that the flow was traveling at the vena contracta veloc­ities. These manipulations were necessary to obtain a basis for comparison with the existing data and are believed to be justified. They may also be used for later comparisons with prototype jet­flow gate data, as it becomes available, but they cannot, as yet, be regarded as established rules.

1/ "The Hydraulic Design of a Control Gate for the 102-inch Outlets I"n Shasta Dam", by F. C. Lowe, Report No. Hyd. 201, USBR.

2/"Entrainment of Air in Flowing Water--Closed Conduit Flow", by A. A. Kalinske and J .. W. Robertson, Transactions, ASCE, Vol. 108, 1943.

3/"Hydraulic Design Criteria'.', Sheet 050-1, United States Army Corps of Engineers.

10

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r:+~c-:;ef:::;~4 :t;;;;;;=;:z:=F;c'i=t=:ci.s:~=-·=i~:~;~;~-i---'--1~rr1J~;~~1;~::~::f~7 , , -- - -- - -------- -- --- ~~-::)",!-."__,-• A°

1

:,Sta. 24+44 o~to.26+82.5·· · · ·c· ..

;'. - _E~ '.9~'!.: 4_5 ~ .;;.:J+ ~L-Drainoge ho/es@20±crs.,IO' ± deep-----------Sta 26+84----~)~ -, " t . I ,t, t;; Face of tunnel- ,¾ x 8" Wrough ,ran , "' . . /

1 woterstop ) • ·

SECTION H-H ,£ Auxiliary outlet

" ~ works tunnel 3'-,0!._,,,, I~- n 1987 25 8 l ! :1 : . .

£ Tunnel-, ,Detail X ! concrete funnel lining, __ ''A" Line for tunnel with 12" lining ':_ / ,T· d

,,- and re,nforcementeoch face and _.,,..Jc , : 1f',, rp _s for tunnel with steel /mer-___ - - --. ,A Line

=- 'A" Line for tunnel wi_th 18" ' ,,Temporary ,\ /1n1ng withou(st~el /melf,rfar6.,, /r '--"-:>:: ' timberspreoders

tunnel with 12 fining w,t out ' ,' ,57• \ D t, ·, y reinforcement or rein- 1/-..;-; - - - ( \ , e a,

DETAIL forcement on/yin in_y~d!! __ 1 f,'•,"i',, \

y face--------- ,---- ,, "-Liner plate- --JI~--

and the excavated surface shall be solidly pocked with clean rock fragments or grovel and filled with mortar or grout by grouting method offer plocing concrete fYJW!f lining~--------------~---,_ "a"Line-- ~~---_\ T d. a

,1e ro ,,__ • 1<,\

'A"Line-- \

w DETAIL V

"a"une-_ _, I "> I j / 77 ::--r_L-<c:/-·

~-.;B_:,,L. i - 1ne

HALF SECTION LINER PLATES ONLY

Crown details similar to those for section with steel ribs only_

"a"une-,, / ,, Steel rib-,, ,,

Metal logging---·'

',aose of steel rib /root beam omitted)

HALF SECTION STRUCTURAL STEEL

RIBS ONLY

.-£ Tunnel ,:'a"une

1/ ' ~ t,, . I t ;;,.. J> _,-Liner p a es

R Increase d,mens,on~ ' Limit of excavation and, ·-·.!!:a" Line for sp1/lwoy ;;, to provide requ,7 , , {) concrete for ouxilior1,' , _.;, tunnel

A_ A space for tunne / t"'c.'c' ,. outlet works.-~--- R.,709.61·-· : S EC TIO N concrete placement . J ->::4" -;1 _'~pa nf exposed half w,th ~rap nipple with paper to prevent

,o 20

30

•

0 0

° Construct,on .•.... _- 4 ....... ,.... plastic coumpound bonding to concrete. Af_ter ,-Standard block Joint--- - ____ i -~P- grouting remove pipe nipple and,' pipe nipple

10

SCALE OF FEET

SECTION J-J 2400

~ 2350

I I I ~orai' ~S. IE/.12ror-- '.I

J

- --Steel rib rDetoil V p

"

-----1+---- ;} ' ---- WROUGHT IRON WATER STOP

,Plane forming is optional but no additional El. 1285.33···: !/ : payment will be made for concrete .Y. ~ r : outside concrete payline ·--£ Conduit

,-£ Conauit

: ~----------iz'-o'---------:_;;,---. __ -r,--Original ground surfafe

Ht~!.._S _ _l!~JiP_"!__~:'! __ :_ /Concrete poyline l ',,:___Orig,:nal rock surface

: ;.j__ ------,'------:,1:0·,_________ ----------12'-a'------->1 I r--,;;....._ V ......_ I

1 i " Riprop-, ----- -..... 1

E/ 199900. '-2:I ,rnnrr~fo p';yline_

/

-­ ' ' --- ....

2:V

I I

I

ii> Grout holes 15'± deep, / (

Pervious ,~:, backfill-' .o

stagger adjacent , .: · rings as shown.--- '', ),_'>f...

1995.50 ~ .0 4' -

3'-6"R.-,

paper and fill recess with : ---Concrete d?JOCk_/11/1?!!,---,::_~:o:'. ')·'

11

face

.,,. ' I

Standard pipe coupling,

GROUT PIPE CONNECTION

>­"' ~ 2300

...I w w 2250 u ~ g; 2200 C/l

0:

~ 2150

"' ,. 6 2100 > I!'; ~ 2050 0:

~ ..

I/ L- ....

I I I I

Max.discharge =2500 c.f.s.--= 17 cs

/ J

I/

I V V

V I ,v

I,., I/

I I

2000

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 DISCHARGE - C.F. $.

DISCHARGE CURVE

NOTES Design based an concrete of 3000 pounds per sq. inch compressive

strength at 28 days. For rubber waters top details, see Dwg. 40.-0-2867. Gate chamber details shown on Dwg. 416-0-173. Intake structure details shown on Dwg. 416-0-112. Wrought iron woterstops in all transverse tunnel construction

Joints. RA indicates radius to "A"line.

~ ~

i;:,: "'/-. \0. <,-: 3:: e

~u ~~~ ! ~G ~~O\ :!i s~ ~"'~ :~ t~ ~~!e i~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 11:;(!l VI -a:;~~~~~:n el&J ~ a::3: :: ~ o:.?: :::,.c:i"{ > ~ ~:j ~~:; ~~

Foot beam. clt /optional) ',J>¥1

, --'A"Line

I -Foot beam g-' I optiono I)

HALF SECTION STRUCTURAL STEEL

RIBS WITH METAL

CONCRETE FINISHES Surfaces covered by fill or concrete,Ft ond Ut Bel/mouthed entrance, tunnel between Sta. 21 +oo.oo

and Sta. 23 +33.51, and tunnel downstream of gate chamber below P. C.C. of arch, f4 and U3.

All other surfoces,F2 ond u2. 2-17-58

G.C.ltl.

REVISED PROFILE BETWEEN STA.251-45.47 8 STA.27407.53 Ta CIRCULAR ARC. WROUGHT IRON WATER STOPS TO BE PROVJOf:O IN CONSTRUCTION JOINTS BOTH U/$ 8 O/S OF GATE CHAMBER. REINFORCEMENT REVISED TO AGREE WITH CONSTRUCTION ORA WINGS.

UN/Tf:O STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BUREAU OF RFCLAMAT!ON

CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT TRINITY RIVER OIVISION-CALJFORNIA

TRINITY DAM AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

PLAN AND SECTIONS

SECTION B-B SECTION D-D Spacing of transverse construction Joints in tunnel not to be greater than so'. !~ ~ ~

~=:::;:-~~p;~~---=~==~r;::;E-0~~ ~~~~ CHECKEo_ !J:...~·!5·_"!!'!_,4!'fpPROVED- ___ -z._~~

Details of steel liner pipe shown on Dwg. 4/6-0-149 ' 13 ' "' .. " ~ "

CHIEF OESIG,VING ENGINEEf'f ____ _

--- - I A I,.. ..... : --=-: OENVER.COLORAOU, LJt:.c.;, .:>, liJIOI!> 4i6- D-171

AL

C 1

,(El. 1999.00j

~

/?·. _'u • 0

o·.

·o.

"

'·:'.-_>/~-:~ Gates in closed position-- ___ _

,, --,{Air vent

SECTIONAL PLAN

,-1£ Gate chamber Sta. 24 + 01.s, ,o

'­., :g <:, -;-l

.·_·o·_·

.i:-.· . ·o·.

#·

,-Ii Auxiliary outlet works-,

_jA

·•·c

·-:_.~. ·:a

,,Air vent

/A Auxiliary outlet works

( FIELD NOTE

'-Butt weld part~ to embedded onchors. Cut off part~ or embedded onchors or both if necessary.

·O·

i;

Cl·

./·.

:c:J." ·. '?"·

0

SECTION C-C

,-Control cabinet { -+-

SECTION 0-0 /Gote shown in open position)

,· .... ·:· Flanges-:·

-~ .

'0. . 0 ,:;,·. ' :---J~ 0 ~- --;;~

··o· o_

. d·

. ,!),·-

. : .. ,; : ... . :6} .

. ',:).

---------- --

·=·

·o. . Ii· ........:....:.

. 6

',ll

·D

-o_·

DETAIL B (For 84'' jet flow gate only.!

.s-:

;;;,····

,,6" Blow-off \ line

.·o_

--~

cf:

,'1

·.e,,:

9~:~~·o:._;::_ · :D·.: ... ·.. · 0- .. ·

.. ·_·._o- · ... : . . . . . . . . .

~ '0'

. -~--

'·I::.

~ __h_.,,/ iv-

SECTION E·E

. . ·.o·

;,bi_' . . -~·-·.· .-,.,~

"'· c,·

0

.·O_

' '0

'·,c]:

'c:.,t::::\1J,d1u;tab/8 du;ortso; · • ·<:::::> ·--a . _o .. . ".. ·--i::

FIGURE 3 ~EPORT HYO. 472

,.-,.4t"OD('?1J Reinforcement bor

,,®-y--

<~J;r

f': _____ / ~t:~~--, f Extra strong pipe.

DETAIL A

NOTE

,,-Flanges : ':,

59

All t.41"dia. {4t11Jreinforcement bor anchors and all adjustable supports shall be furnished by the contractor. PartsH,ti.i,~, and QQ will be furnished with 84" jet flow gate.

INSTALLATION INSTRUTIONS ,. Install the portion of the gotes 1hat is to be embedded below

elevation 2010. 25. 2. The embeded portion of the gates shall be completely

assembled except far the gate leaves and hoists. J. Support the gates and downstream liner on adjustable

supports. Bolt up the gates, liners, and connector. 4. Assemble and weld all anchor bolts as shown. 5. Aline the gates by adjusting the nuts on the onchor bolts

and the adjustable supports which shall remain embedded 6. The first concrete lift sholl fill the ring follower blockaut to

elevation 1992.50. The second lift shall come to 6 inches above the bottom of the jef.flowgate. Thereafter the concrete shall be placed oround the gflte in J ft. but not more than 5 foot lifts and the alinement shall be rechecked after each lift.

7. For further instructions far alining and embeddingthe gates and far fairing the water passogeway, see Paragraphs 140 and 142 of Specification No. DC-4824-.

LIST OF ORA WINGS AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

84" R!NG FOLLOWER ANO JET FLOW GATES-!NSTALL A T!ON-L/ST OF ORAW!NGS ____ ____________ ____ 4!6-0-314

84"JET FLOW GATE-ASSEMBLY- LIST OF DRAWINGS ______ 416-D-315 84" RING FOLLOWER GATE-ASSEMBLY-

LIST OF DRAWINGS _______________________________ _____ 416-0-74 84"RING FOLLOWER GATE-AUXILIARY

PIPING- LIST OF PARTS _________________________________ 4-16-0-30/ 84" RING FOLLOWER AND JET FLOW GATES -

CONTROLS -INSTALLATION-LIST OF DRAWINGS ________ 4/6-0 ·272

REFERENCE DRAWINGS AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

GATE CHAMBER-CONCRETE DETAILS-- ________________ -416-0·246 84"R/NG FOLLOWER AND JET FLOW GATES-

ALINEMENT ANCHOR AGL ____________________ _4/6-0-359

4-28 -.58 D. rzi.)1_ f TRACED.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT

TRINITY RIVER DIVISION -CALIFORNIA

TRINITY DAM AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

84"RING FOLLOWER AND JET FLOW GATES INSTALLATION-LIST OF DRAWINGS

DRAWN _ _ J:!-_T:..~: _R_,1:-T __ SUBMIT TEO Y(fJ~.KQ.tJl~f __ ---TRACED ___ -~-§,._S_, _____ RECOMMENDED ______ ti_,~-- -~'2~99 ____________ _ c1-tEcKEo J.A.R.-J.c.a. APPRovEo K.B. Keener

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -G-HTE~-o-ESiGN,Nii £,\/0,IN_lf_lf;.,

DENVER, COLORADO, JAN. 31,19511 416-D-314

' K-

FLOW >-

:ii!: f.,. -- --I==*-~-~~- ~l}:lllf;:J:::::::/:qll I I+ ------Cl+-----lll

~! -------+-- -------------8'-5" -----------

LIST OF DRAWINGS ASSEMBLY-LIST OF DRAWING __

ASSEMBLY- SECTION$ ________ _ ._4/6-D-315

_____ _____ 416 - D -3/6

LIST OF PARTS- MATERIALS _______________________________ 4/6 - D -3/7

BONNETS_ ____________ ______ 416 - D -3/8

UPSTREAM BODY__________________ _ _________________ _ 4f6-0-3!9

DOWNSTREAM BODY__ _ _______________________ __ 4/6-D-320

L EA F ________ - - - - - - -- - - - - - -

CONNECTOR AND LINER_

.4/6-D-321

.416-D-322

BONNET COVER- CYLINDER -STEM-PISTON ________________ 416 - D-323

WHEEL-AXLE -TRACK-GUIDES_ .416 - D-324

SEAL ASSEMBLY AND DETAILS-HANGER PART$ ____________ .4/6 -D-325

LADDER- INDICATOR ----- -- ______ 4/6 -D-326

REFERENCE DRAWING INSTALLATION-LIST OF DRAWINGS

DESIGN DATA:

Mox design head on gate at If. conduit• 388ft of water.

Mox. design pressure in hydraulic cylinder• 2000 psi.

______ _4/6-D-314

(L

' ----·->l

q:

r

' ,,, :---t6s ---7--

Ill I

Ill

3t l&J -::,.

··-- 30'-3"--- -

----8'-5{ -------

------ ---------- -- --13'-o" ---------

(,) I

(,)

3t l&J -::,.

<>@> ~II@ @ @II@-

L Ill (,)

->t<- - --- 2'-0"-- 4'-10"-

Cl ' Cl

3t l&J -::,.

(,)

• @I\~

:§ :;::

<... ,_, ~ ~ ,_ :§ "- ,_, .. .._ ~"'~ '=-l"'

\ I -, I

r <I>

1'-2"-

·m

"'·

<I>

·o· -"'·

FIGURE 4 REPORT HYD. 4 7 2

@J--\t--~1 q: ' q:

:ii!: C)

.:: (,)

l&J (/)

Ii. ..J q:

':....:"'

-~ _J

:t

l&J <c !?.

..J q: :ii!: :ii!: Oo i: i: (,) q: l&J::,. (/) l&J Ii. ..J ..J l&J q: :t

+- ----+ -- $j <I> $ ! t-- --+-----+---+ -1 L"'- ~ '-= :'.:t.:J

~1

___ 9__ -- -- ------~.Cl I 111 I - ---- ---------4-92 -- -----

~ - - ~

"<c ' -:(

'? !7' f '

c:,

"' X '

"<., -' "-

-84" Dia.----- '=-1(\j

"' ~

-¥

-, .. '! "-

___ L_t

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT TRINITY RIVER DIVISION -CALIFORNIA

TRINITY DAM AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

:ii!: C) j:: q: ::,. l&J ..J l&J

..J q: :ii!: C)

.:: (,)

l&J (/)

84" JET FLOW GATE ASSEMBLY - LIST OF DRAWINGS

DRAWN. _f? f-_~::_-_J~q._~---SUSMITTED .. ~--____ _

TRACED .• __ 9, ~-~' -- -:.:JECOMMENDED. gc~~ CHECKEoJ.A..ll?:1!14 O<~APPROVE0----"'7-~~ ----

'"T;;t"""___ CHIEF _oE~,aN,NG ~N-;.1.::iu;; - - - - -- -DENVER, COLORADO, APRIL I, /9~8

SHEET I OF 1e 416-0-315

4

,{' Clearance :so ofter assembly--,

E====il-~- ,@ ± s -~ s s+ s s 1 \ - m m Lock set screw .U in place with center punch score-,'-

-•-------Lock set screw n in place with center p~nch score

g)See Note 2

l I! "::. Irr----/ Pipe

t------------------ ---- -- -------------- ---- -----'

7" 9s

-~~"7777"77'7T7T7T7T7T7T7T7T'7777r777r,,.-,,,,__..""""--:.::- - --- - 4:" Nominal with

81 DETAIL L ( Air vent valve §1 shown revolved

90° from its actual position)

5

II

DETAIL M

piston l1 against cylinder head !Q =-i:;,

' I : I

------- 7 t' ____________ j

DETAIL N

-. I

~,~

~~

::: c:i c:, '-~ ~ :,. c:, c:,~

:- :.1,... ~l<:t, 0) 0) _,

_, 0)

0) :

" c:, ::;, ~,.,.

~ ,.,

i' Pip~::<:·1--~-------21{'

SECTION E-E 13151

SECTION H-Hl3t5! /LEAF SHOWN IN CLOSED POSITION/

SECTION J·Jl3t5!

/TYPICAL/

~ & .., ~

~I~ "" ;;.. i y

SECT 10 N F-F /3151 SECTION

NOTES ,. The contact surfaces of the wheels and the track shall lie in a true plane

with a maximum deviation of 0.010" in 5 feet. The upstream and down­stream sliding surfaces of the guides and the seal surfaces shalt be in a plane parallel to the track and the clearances, as shown in Section H-H, shall be accurately throughout the travel. See specifications.

2. Assemble piston rings with the pressure side of two rings turned up and the other two turned down.

3. To replace pocking Ill, ( with pressure under piston l1 J remove plug 12 to relieve pressure from pocking recess. After replacing pocking §1, replace plug 12.

G-G/315!

4. Lock screws §1 and 69 in ports?Q,~,gj,ff,ond 38 ,at three points with center punch scores.

5. All V-type pocking to be snug but not tightly compressed when glands ore secured in place.

~t

38,

FIGURE 5 REPORT HYD. 472

DETAIL p

FIELD NOTE Gasket §§ to be cemented tightly at ends to provide a continu­

ous seal.

7 - /5- 58 I SECTIONING OF OVERLAY ON PARTS 3 ANO 5 ANO SECTIONING

D ~ FOR PARTS II, .34, AND 42 WAS FOR STAINLESS STEEL

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTER/DR

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT TRINITY RIVER OIVISION • CALIFORNIA

TRINITY DAM AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

84"JET FLOW GATE ASSEMBLY- SECTIONS

::::::::~~-~;:_-_-_-_-::~==~::-;:;~-;;~::::::::::_~ CHECKED Ltv J:»/J. (),(,/APPROVED---- _7~~- _______ _ ___ j ..,.._77...:__ __ ·-· CM!£~, l:>~S/SNIN(II £NGIN£•ff

DENVER, COLO-RADO. APRIL I, 1958

SHE~T 2. OF 12 416-D- 316

·.,:.D

r­c::i

'o

"' <'!

"' I

er! i I

' : L_

625

Jet Flow Gate-----1 :

~--- - - - - - - - - - ----\---- -li-o" --->j-<- -- ·2°·2¾"--- -~------\-- -4'-5"+---- -2'-o" - - --r--------.J>,,------- 12'-o" -- -->j : : I I I a l II m -

) 0'---s· pipe

)' (·--Orifice - Venturi Meter

for low flows

Supply pipe from pumps ond venturi meters.

·:O.·'

A

' ': ''--s" pipe

ii; "\ ( II • \'

•--5.65 1.D. pipe \

Reference Station--/

Laboratory floor------,

. ·.c_ ... _.~-~- ·i;)·~: O· ·o· .

GENERAL TEST ARRANGEMENT

(,Transparent conduit

3"

,,- Transparent conduit \,\2411 long

!

,/ Cs~eet metal conduit ,/ 48' long '--Gate tests made with and without

downstream conduit

·--~: · :1:_

.· :o

Deflector---

Open grating-------\

0

-~-- ·o" (y'

·---~-:_·(]_ -~-(>·.-

Laboratory Reservoir .c--.··

r·--t. =~ 1~

!I g r -:r:r

~+ ~~

~J:I I

>, r ' ux::::,;q • I .----... I I I -.;!;·-i ~ 1~

I t{• ,,-1.076" dia. brass wheels : an 0.250" stainless steel

0 I

I

5.65" _____ LJ+------,- 2680°-J --~- : I

! -~ :!l .~ i

0 I • I

0 .,

"' u ... !;;; ~ 5

-------!--

~

(§) +-----

I •

: "' : ~ ________ L_v· >;

]78

-~ "' '?

~;~,r~1~":'.>~*~=====-~ &Js1..S:::1!',x,;; • L I Lt

A ELEVATION

o.02oa;r""i". =~

Flow 0006~>tl~ g - ~"i--?--r_.--f _,,A--~ :

' -.=-f-A C'! :

I 'i' "'v __ j 0

·~ \\

,,'<> I 0)'2.\1-

6~;\t' ,.,,.:/"'~ /'' ,,,,,. 0

/ "' ,,,,,,.,,. : ___1_·+--­

-----3.<fe• .... ~, .... ..,;:

SECTION A-A TRANSPARENT CONDUIT

( Also typical of metal conduit)

Flow -

--r I I I I I

I I I I I I

=o ~ <D

I I I

i I I

I o..g I ~ I 'I

c----3.137" ---~ i-f--0625' I II I r--------395O ___ ,,,

I I \ \

\

GATE LEAF ~EWED FROM DOWNSTREAM

(Symmetrical about <i.)

i ,_., ' .. ;._l_ .L__ I I

B

axles

a.sod'

Q.250'

0.063"

~0.062w ? ·8~·,,

- I ---i-e--l"[ __ f_ 0.00!

1~: ~ : i =~ ~ .. ~

0017~ ~~, .... go o TRINITY

DETAIL A ORIFICE AND SEAL

0.09i'c./ '-0.042° 0

DETAIL B GATE LEAF BOTTOM

~

',-,,-,''

FIGURE 6 REPORT HYO. 472

side plates

SECTION B-B

~ ~~:

Flow

'1~ J\\ PIEZOMETERS DOWNSTREAM FRAME

Piezameters to be 0.063" diameter, drilled normal to the flow surface, and with oil roughnesses and burrs removed

JET FLOW AUXILIARY

I: 14.87 SCALE

GATE OUT LET

MODEL

WORKS

A. Gate 20o/o open

C. Gate 60o/o open JET FLOW GATE

Trinity Auxiliary Outlet Works Free Discharge From Gate - 40-Foot Head

B. Gate 40o/o open

D. Gate lO0o/o open

~l:j (I) ....

'0~ 0 ,; l<D ::c~ '< ?-~ ~ N

GATE OPENING PERCENT I

20 -0.992

30 -0.972

40 -0.935

50 -0.874

60 -o. 790

70 -0.676

80 -0.539

90 -0.410

100 -0.303

...

FIGURE 8 REPORT HYO. 472

GATE OPENING PERCENT

5

10

15

20

30

40

,_so 60

70

80

'90

100

GATE OPENING PERCENT

5

10

15

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2 3

I

--

-0.996

-0.995

-0.972

-0.936

-0.873

-0.790

-0.679

-0.540

-0.408

-0.305

I

--

-0.06

- 1.81

-0.28

-8.28

+0.46

-0.97

-1.69

-0.39

+0.05

+0.17

PIEZOMETERS

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14

- -1.000 -1.000 -1.000 .:.o.999 -0.999 -0.999 -1.000 -1.000 -1.000 -0.929 -0.966 -0.987

- -1.000 -0.999 -1.000 -0.999 -0.999 -0.999 -0.999 -0.999 -0.999 -0.962 -0.915 -0.876

-0.996 -0.996 -0.996 -0.996 -0.997 -0.996 -0.997 -0.790 -0.823 -0.910 -0.994 -0.981 -0.951

-0.991 -0.992 -0.990 -0.992 -0.991 -0.991 -0.985 -0.966 -0.905 -0.810 -0.992 -0.988 -0.981

-0.972 -0.970 -0.970 -0.971 -0.971 -0.971 -0.971 -0.970 -0.961 -0.945 -0.943 -0.971 -0.970

-0.935 -0.933 -0.933 -0.934 -0.731 -0.741 -0.813 -0.934 -0.930 -0.930 -0.934 -0.934 -0.934

-0.872 -0.872 -0.872 -0.873 -0.860 -0.840 -0.818 -0.874 -0.874 -0.874 -0.874 -0.873 -0.874

-0.791 -0.785 -0.786 -0.785 -0.789 -o. 788 -0.786 -0. 790 -0.790 -0.790 -0.790 -0.789 -0.790

-0.680 -0.632 -0.634 -0.632 -0.679 -0.679 -0.679 -0.679 -0.680 -0.679 -0.679 -0.679 -0.679

-0.540 -0.538 -0.538 -0.536 -0.541 -0.541 -0.541 -0.540 -0.541 -0.540 -0.540 -0.540 -0.540

-0.408 -0.378 -0.409 -0.408 -0.409 -0.408 -0.409 -0.408 -0.408 -0.408 -0.408 -0.407 -0.408

-0.308 -0.305 -0.304 -0.305 -0.305 -0.305 -0.305 -0.304 -0.306 -0.306 -0.306 -0.305 -0.305

A. PRESSURE FACTORS - NO CONDUIT DOWNSTREAM

2

--

-0.06

'--0.09

-0.60

-1.25

+0.81

-1.59

-2.12

-0.59

+0.01

-0.97

Pressure Factor • h" - ho Hr - h2

PIEZOMETERS

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13

+ 0.06 + 0.06 + 0.09 + 0.41 + 0.41 + 0.18 - 0.25 - 0.25 - 0.13 +27 .53 +12.94

- 0.34 - 0.19 - 0.30 - 0.09 - 0.09 - 0.09- 0.09 + 0.01 + 0.12 +14.38 +32.62

- 0.17 + 0.06 - 0.06 - 0.44 - 0.06 - 0.44 +80.11 +67.15 +33.41 + 0.91 + 5.76

- 0.32 + 0.10 - 0.32 - 0.21 - 0.09 + 2.12 +11.36 +33.20 +68:72 - 0.4f - 0.11

+ 0.49 + 0.37 - 0.06 + 0.06 + 0.14 + 0.14 + 0.37 + 3.75 +10.19 +10.es + 0.14

- 0.16 - 0.16 + 0.70 +78.18 +74.03 +45.51 - 0.86 + 0.70 - 0.97 - 0.8E - 0.70

+ 0.81 + 0.62 + 0.38 + 5.51 +13.19 +21.68 - 0.20 - 0.20 + 0.04 - o.oe + 0.15

+ 0.73 + 0.54 + 0.97 - 0.62 - 0.12 + 0.62 - 0.97 - 1.09 - 0.86 - 0.97 - 0.74

14

+ 5.07

+49.75

+17.60

+ 3.91

+ 0.37

- 0.55

+ 0.04

- 0.86

+16.47 +16.73 +16.47 - 1.81 - 1.69 - 1.81 - 1.81 - 2.12 - 1.69 - 1.69 - 1.69 - 1.81

+ 0.54 + 0.4E + 0.20 - 0.70 - 0.70 - 0.82 - 0.59 - 0.70 - 0.50 - 0.39 - 0.39 - 0.50

+11.65 - 0.2• - 0.06 - 0.37 - 0.16 - 0.37 - 0.06 - 0.16 - 0.17 + o.os + 0.27 + 0.05

+ 0.1.7 + 0.91 + 0.37 + 0.26 + 0.06 + 0.26 + 0.52 - 0.06 + 0.06 + O.OE + 0.26 + 0.17

8. PROTOTYPE PRESSURES - 388 FOOT HEAD - NO CONDUIT

PIEZOMETERS

4 5 5a 6 7 8 ea 9 10 II Ila 12 13 14

-0.991 -0.990 -0.862 -0.986 - -0.985 -0.985 -0.986 - -0.962 -0.870 -0.827 - -0.980 -0.955 -0.908

-0.972 -0.972 -0.846 -0.972 - -0.963 -0 .. 971 -0.972 - -0.966 -0.983 -0.928 - -0.968 -0.959 -0.937

- -0.934 -0.807 -0.934 - -0.751 -0.751 -0.798 - -0.932 -0.920 -0.919 - -0.933 -0.929 -0.920

- -0.875 -0.750 -0.875 -0.874 -0.854 -0.865 -0.807 -0.789 -0.874 -0.872 -0.895 -0.737 -0.875 -0.871 -0.874

- -0.782 -0.681 -0.785 -0.790 -0.790 -o. 787 -0.784 -0.758 -0.790 -0.791 -0.789 -0.758 -0.791 -0.791 -0.791

-0.676 -0.629 -0.628 -0.628 -0.640 -0.676 -0.676 -0.676 -0.671 -0.676 -0.676 -0.676 -0.674 -0.676 -0.676 -0.676

-0.540 -0.539 -0.538 -0.537 -0.533 -0.541 -0.54C -0.540 -0.538 -0.540 -0.540 -0.540 -0.539 -0.539 -0.539 -0.539

-0.410 -0.411 -0.410 -0.411 -0.409 -0.411 -0.410 -0.410 -0.410 -0.410 -0.410 -0.410 -0.410 -0.410 -0.410 -0.415 -0.303 -0.303 -0.303 -0.303 -0.303 -0.303 -0.305 -0.305 -0.302 -0.304 -0.304 -0.301 -0.303 -0.303 -0.303 -0.301

C. PRESSURE FACTORS - 72" LONG MODEL CONDUIT DOWNSTREAM hx - ho Pressure Factor= H h

T - . 2

where hx a piezometer pressure, ft. water.

14a 15

- -0.986

- -0.971

- -0.945

-0.713 -0.874

-0.757 -0.787

-0.673 -0,67E

-0.538 -0.539

-0.4-10 -0.409 -0.303 -0.303

h0 a pressure in conduit I diameter upstream from gate, ft. water. Hr• ho+I\,= total head at reference station, ft. water. h,=pressure in downstream conduit (piez 15), ft. water.

(atmospheric when no conduit is present.)

JET FLOW GATE TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

PRESSURES AND PRESSURE FACTORS

Doto From 1: 14.87 Hydraulic Model

A. Free discharge into atmosphere. HT = 40 feet

B. Discharge into conduit. HT = 40 feet

JET FLOW GATE Trinity Auxiliary Outlet Works

Flow Interference at Downstream Frame - 5% open 1 :14. 87 Scale Model

Figure 9 Report Hyd. 472

"Cl 0

I uJ (!)

a: <t %: 0 (/)

C

u. 0

I-z uJ

0 u. u. uJ 0 0

625

FIGURE 10 REPORT HYO. 472

0.9 -----...... ----------------...... -----

0.8

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

Reference Station,

I ,~

'"ha .fr---------------­&..----------- ---

FLOW ---::,,-

Pipeline and Orifice = 5.650 11 Dia Maximum Expander Dia.= 6.790 11

Q Cd =

A Y2g~H

Q- rate of flow, cfs. A - areo of orifice, ft .2

f.H-total head at reference station ( h0 + hv) minus h2

Shasta--

0.10

..__....._ __ ......__......, __ ..._ _ __,o 0 4 8 12 16 20

GATE OPENING - %

0 is;. ____ ....._ ____ ...._ ____ ......_ ____ ...... ____ __,

.. 0.833

0 20 40 60 80 100 GATE OPENING - % EFFECT I VE TRAVEL

JET FLOW GATE

TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

COEFFICIENT OF DISCHARGE-VS-GATE OPENING

Dato From I: 14.87 Hydraulic Model

A. Gate 20% open B. Gate 40% open

C. Gate 60% open D. Gate lOOo/o open

JET FLOW GATE Trinity Auxiliary Outlet Works

Flow With 24-Inch Long Conduit - 40 -Foot Head

::C"%J (D ...

,:, ~ 0 '1 !l (D

q::: ?-,i=,. ...;J N

A. Gate 20o/o open B. Gate 40o/o open

C. Gate 60o/o open D. Gate lO0o/o open

JET FLOW GATE Trinity Auxiliary Outlet Works

Flow With 48-Inch Long Conduit - 40-Foot Head

::0 1-rj Cl) ....

'O (IQ 0 i: 'i 'i .... Cl)

tI: .... '-< t,,;)

?-,i:­-.J t,,;)

625

3.5,.-----,-----,-----.----...... ----.

3. a: C .., 2.75"0RJFICE -.., a:· ...... Q z Q () .., "'2.0

a: .., IL ... .., IIJ

L5 .. ()

o.od'a'llf!CE iii :::, ()

3: 1.0

Q .J ... a: C

OJ5

..... 00 10 20 30 40 50

HEAD ACROSS GATE - FEET OF WATER lho+hv0 hal

A. AIR FLOW vs. HEAD

a: C .. ., ., a: I ...

~ ~ 'o ~

Q Z 3,

-8 -8 ,f,

0 ()

IIJ

"' a: .., IL 2, ... .., IIJ .. ~ m :::, ()

40'HEAD•,

FIGURE 13 REPORT HYO. 472

,., .., \\' -8

I 3:

101 HEAO--.. ---- --- ,l. ____ _

0 o~---,',-o----,20,',-'----,30!,,-----40..,._ __ ---:! 50

HEAD ACROSS GATE - FEET OF WATER lho+hv0 11zl

0 .J .. a: C

0.02 0.03 0.04

ORIFICE AREA - SQUARE FEET

8. AIR-WATER RATIO vs. HEAD C. AIR FLOW vs. ORIFICE AREA

JET FLOW GATE TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

EFFECT OF AIR INLET ORIFICE SIZE ON AIR DEMAND GATE 100% OPEN-CONDUIT 72 INCHES LONG (11,15D)

Data From I: 14.87 Hydraulic Model

o.oo

FIGURE 14 REPORT HYO. 4 72

0:

"' I-C

0

;i: -o.s ... 0

1-... "' ... I -1.0

0 C

"' :,:

- 1.5

-2.0

-

I ----101 HEAD-.

I '-: ----25'HEA~ ---401 HEAD,. ~,

)

'

0 ~ ~ ~ ~ 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT

A. DOWNSTREAM CONDUIT HEAD vs. GATE OPENING

!!: C l&I 2.5J-----+----+----+----+-----o "' 0: ... 0 z 2.0J-----+----+----+----+-----11 0 u "' ., 0:

"' a.. l.5J-----+----+----+----+----+t 1-... "' ... u

~ I.Ot----+----+----+----+----1-f-l

0.5

0.4 -~ 0.J .J ... ...

0: o:.., 0.3

;.1-. C

;i:

0.2

-- 40' HEAD-

u I

;i: 0 .J

~ o.s,---r------t---::::::t;:=<r""-r-:r!--1 .,~ ~-

C

0.1

/ V , ,,,, '25'HEAD~ ~ ' / '6--- ..... ,,,

/ 101 HEAD-.., _;..._ ,,,,, 0

' I

---)/ ~--P.,/ ~-:..A"

20 40 60 80 100 D 20 40 so 80

GATE OPENING - PERCENT GATE OPENING - PERCENT

)

100

8. AIR FLOW vs. GATE OPENING C. AIR-WATER RATIO vs. GATE OPENING

•••

JET FLOW GATE TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

AIR DEMAND WITH CONDUIT 24 INCHES LONG ( 3.72 D)

Data From I: 14.87 Hydraulic Model

825

,'

0

Id HEAD., ).

25°HEAD/' --a..- ~-D--';; ..::.~---A

:-a 5 ... .. !I .. 0 ... .., .., .. 0 ..

.,

.., ., :,:

,o

,5

-2. 0 20

i'--.... ~\ ---Ji,

'WHEAD

' 40 60 80 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT

A. DOWNSTREAM CONDUIT HEAD vs. GATE OPENING

~0-----------------~---~

'!: .. I.I.I 2.,o----+-----+----..l,-----1-----1 .., a: .. 0 2 2.01-----+----+----+----+----.fl 0 () .., ., a: ..,

~

a. 1.51-----+----+----+----+----I--I ... .., .., .. ()

~ 1.011----+----+-,!1-'----15~--i-+--6--I-! ()

I ;,: 0 _, .. o,s,1-----+--+-+-,,£---+-----+-----I}

OA

;,: ;,:3 o .. .J u. a: 0.3

a:"' - ... .... !I

Q2

FIGURE 15 REPORT HYO. 4 72

a: .. --a-; ---a--- __ ,ti"

IO'HEAD~/

60 80 100 20 40 60 80 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT GATE OPENING - PERCENT

8. AIR FLOW vs. GATE OPENING C. AIR-WATER RATIO vs. GATE OPENING

JET FLOW GATE TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

AIR DEMAND CONDUIT 48 INCHES

WITH LONG (7.43D)

Data From 1: 14.87 Hydraulic Model

FIGURE 16 REPORT HYO. 47?

•••

a: .. UJ UJ a: ... 0

IC

"' 1-.. 3: -O.SJ----t-----t-.....,.,...,"'<"<4-----'F .... ::,,;---\I ... 0

I­

"' UJ ... I -1.0 t----+----+----+----+-----'H

0

"' UJ :c

-1.5t----+----+----+----+-----I

-2.0'-----'-----'-----'-----'-----' 0 20 40 60 80 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT

A. DOWNSTREAM CONDUIT HEAD vs. GATE OPENING

3.0 0.6 ,-----,-----,-----,-----.------,

2.5

z 2.0 t----t----+----+----+-----+-l 0.4 0 u UJ (I)

a: UJ

3: 3: 0

40' HEAD-.,

0.J _. ... Q. 1.5 t----t----+-+-~=+----.1,;<'------1-l ...

a: 0.3 1-UJ UJ ... ~

a: UJ

;; I-.. 3:

,--\ \ \ \

~ 1.0 J----t----f-t---cr-=:---t----+---+--l 0.2 \

0

I 3: 0 .J

\ A,

\ \

' I&. 0,5 t----1--,1'---,/-'--+----+----+----.Ll

. a: 10 1 HEAD--

~- ---A--- --,(> ___ ---A--

o_O:::... __ ,__ ___ J_ ___ .1-. ___ .J_ __ __. 0'----.L-----'-----'-----'-----'

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT GATE OPENING - PERCENT

B. AIR FLOW vs. GATE OPENING C. AIR-WATER RATIO vs. GATE OPENING

JET FLOW GATE TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

AIR DEMAND WITH CONDUIT 72 INCHES LONG (11.150)

Dato From I: 14.87 Hydraulic Model

...

a: .. UJ UJ a:

0

-o.

a: ... I-.. . -,. ... 0

I-

"' UJ ... c .. UJ :,:

-,.

e

D

5

-2.0

-2,5

0

I

~ -,-a....,

lo' HEAD·· , -A ", ,,,,.._ -.,. o.....,__ i,..,

2o'HEAD-·

___ ,, ,,

\ ,,,,0--..

I~ 4~~ \

\

20 40 60 60 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT

A. DOWNSTREAM CONDUIT HEAD vs. GATE OPENING

FIGURE 17 REPORT HYO. 472

0.1..------,,-----,----,------,------,

3.0l------<,-.-------'------1-----"'

lL 2.51------11------f----l------l-----11

0 z 0 0

~ 2.0l------ll------f----1------1---+--l

a: UJ 0..

I­

"' : I.S,1----1------f+----+-+---N"----ff

0

m ::, 0

I

\ \ ,.

:J: 1.0 0.2,1-----+---'~+-----+-----=:..::==-=~ \ 0

.J ... a: .. A

' I

lo'HEAD•. / o.ol---+-1--c:-o<<----1----+-----1----/--t'I 0.1 l----f-----1----+-a----+-....,.,;~ '6-- ---6 -·-" 1/ --6-- _-4-- - .... a---

lo'HEAD

---o.i.c.:::.:. __ 1..-__ .....L1...... __ ......1. ___ ...1.. __ __J 0 '---__JL-----L----1----...1..----1

0 20 40 60 BO IOO 0 20 40 60 60 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT GATE OPENING - PERCENT

8. AIR FLOW vs. GATE OPENING C. AIR-WATER RATIO vs. GATE OPENING

JET FLOW GATE TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

AIR DEMAND WITH CONDUIT 96 INCHES LONG (14.87D)

Doto From I: 14.87 Hydroulic Model

FIGURE 18 REPORT HYO. 472

-0.5

0:

"' ,.. "' ;::

-1.0 .. 0 ,.. "' "' .. I -1.5

0

"' "' :,:

-2.0

0 zo 40 60 80 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT

A. DOWNSTREAM CONDUIT HEAD vs. GATE OPENING

3.5 ,-----,-----,----..----..-----,

3.0

"' ., "' "' 0: .. 2.5 I

0 z 0 0

"' (f) 2.0

"' "' .. t-

"' "' .. 1.5

~ co :, 0

I

;:: 1.0

0 ...J .. "' .,

0.5

•••

40' HEAD----

;:: ~ 0.4 1----+----+---+.>-llt-----+--------t 0 ...J ...J .. .. "'"' - "' "' I-

; 0,3 t---~----,+t-----\

\,di 0.21----t----'"--+-----t---"''Cl:::--+----::,''---l

-----./ 0.1 1----+--~-,+----+-----+--------t __ _,6

101 HEAD-

-A_--- - .... _b. __

o~---~---~---~---~--~ 20 40 60 80 100 0 2 0 40 60 80 100

GATE OPENING - PERCENT GATE OPENING - PERCENT

8. AIR FLOW vs. GATE OPENING (:. AIR-WATER RATIO vs. GATE OPENING

JET FLOW GATE TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

AIR DEMAND WITH CONDUIT 120 INCH ES LONG ( 18.58 D)

Doto From 1: 14.87 Hydraulic Madel

620

"' ;. uJ uJ

"'

,.0,-----,.-----,-----,-----.------,

100% OPEN 40' HEAD-- ...... ,,,

FIGURE 19 REPORT HYO 4 72

o.st----+----+-----+--·--+------l 50 % OPEN 40 1 HEAD·-..

u.. 2.51----·0+----+----l-------+----1

0 z 0 0 uJ Ill

"' uJ Q.

..... uJ uJ ... ~ m => 0

I

3: 0 .J ... ': <(

2.0 3' 0.4

100% 20' 3: 0

OPEN o_, ,,,...--o.. _, ... ... "' "'uJ - ....

1.5 <( <( 0.3 3:

1.0 0.2

: -L6 as 0.1

100% OPEN 10' HEAD- -

/ I ---• :.,.. __ • ---• ~ _.-6.} ,,,,.-, ....

_.50% OPEN 10' HEAf- >/ ',

-· ' -- . ---· 0 .___ ___ _. ____ _._ ___ __, ____ ...,__ ___ _.

16 20

0 .___ ___ __._ ____ .__ ___ _. ____ ..._ ___ __,

0 4 12 16 W 0 12

CONDUIT LENGTH RATIO (1.10) CONDUIT LENGTH RATIO (1.to)

A. AIR FLOW vs. CONDUIT LENGTH B. AIR-WATER RATIO vs. CONDUIT LENGTH

JET FLOW GATE TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET

EFFECT OF MODEL CONDUIT AIR· DEMAND ON

WORKS

LENGTH

Doto From I: 14.87 Hydraulic Model

FIGURE 20 REPORT !iYD 472

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

LL

0.8

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.5

0.2

OJ5

s: s: 0 0 _J _J LL LL 0:: .10

0:: L1J .09

<{ !;i .08

3: .rn

.06

. OS

. 04

.03

.025

.02

.015

.o I

625

/

// ~~

~ r__ ~j

0 /

c/1 ~· 0

/ 0/4 /oD D

/ I 'o SUGGESTED DESIGN CURVE, / CORPS OF ENGINEERS--

V /~D (From prototype data) -,,}' D

I Q,"' V I"' ~,°o-~· ()· / [j f/~ ' I/ A

0 J

~/'. .. V / / /1 /1

/ I/ V / a ,... A_ A

I i A / .

i' . ~ v/ ,.

)1 «' \.;:

<oo/i --- - KALINSKE 6 ROBERTSON TESTS

~ (Laboratory study using 6-inch pipe) o· '</1 /~1

1' 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 25 30

FROUDE NUMBER MINUS I (F-1)

EXPLANATION

a=I0 1 head D=25 1 head o=40 1 head F = V/ ~ (FROUDE NUMBER)

V = Water velocity at veno contract·o d = Depth in downstream conduit using veno contracto area g = Acceleration of gravity

JET FLOW GATE

TRINITY AUXILIARY OUTLET WORKS

EFFECT OF FROUDE NUMBER ON AIR-WATER RATIO Doto From 1:14.87 Hydraulic Model

5. 6 5 - Inch Pipe

40 60

GPO 843225