( .)

1 ..................................................................................................................1

1.1 1

1.2 2

1.3 4

2 .......................................................................................................6

3. .........................................................................................9

3.1 11

3.2 12

3.3 14

3.4 17

4 .......................................................................20

4.1 20

4.2 27

5 ............................................................44

5.1 20 45

5.2 45

6 ..............................................................................................................................................49

6.1 49

6.2 49

6.3 50

1.1

. . . 2535

. . 2543

1,866

( .)

6

.

. . 2535 1,866 ( 29 . .51)

39.17%

( 29 . .51)

39.17%

14.31%14.68%

12.27%

11.36%8.20%

1-1

:

1

¿“æ√«¡Õ“§“√ ”π—°ß“π 1

1.2

2549

2/2550

. . 2546

79%

7% ( ) 9% ( )

6%

79%

, 6%

, 9%

, 7%

1-2 2546

: 2546

. . 2546-2549 ( 1-3) 3/2550

2

. . 2549

3/2550 5.2%

2550

3 3

-5.7% -7.8% 2

(MPI) -2.9%

2 3

4.2% -6.5%

-13.4% 2 3.9%

2550

1-3 . . 2542 2549

: .

2545-2549

(Gross Domestic Product: GDP) 135,011

(GDP)

4,044,000 . .2544-2549 GDP Real Estate &

Renting 3.35% GDP

( . .)

2542 2543 2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549

3

GDP GDP Real Estate & Renting

GDP Real Estate & Renting GDP

Real Estate & Renting

• % GDP-Thailand 5.41 %

• % GDP- Real Estate & Renting 4.92 %

• GDP- Real Estate & Renting GDP-Thailand 3.35%

1-1 GDP Real Estate & Renting

1.3

40 60

20 30 10 20

GDP-Thailand GDP- Real Estate &

Renting

GDP- Real

Estate & Renting Year

( ) @ 1988

Price

% GDP/yr ( ) @ 1988

Price

% GDP/yr GDP- Real Estate &

Renting hailand

2545 3,237,042 110,333 3.41%

2546 3,468,166 6.66% 115,764 4.69% 3.34%

2547 3,685,944 5.91% 122,457 5.47% 3.32%

2548 3,851,295 4.29% 128,473 4.68% 3.34%

2549 4,043,552 4.75% 135,011 4.84% 3.34%

3,657,200 5.41% 122,408 4.92% 3.35%

4

5

. . 2535

. .2522 ( 2) . .2535

( 3) . .2543

2-1

2-1

23 2,000

10,000

: 1) . . 2522

2) ( 2) . . 2535

3) ( 3) . . 2543

. . 2535 4

6

°“√®—¥ª√–‡¿∑Õ“§“√ ”π—°ß“π 2

1) ( (A) < 10,000 m2

(H)

< 23 m) 10 3.6%

2) (2,000 m2< (A) < 10,000 m

2

(H) 23 m) 31 11.2%

3) ( (A) 10,000 m2

(H) < 23 m) 46 16.6%

7

8

. . 2535 1,175 kVA 1,000 kW

20 MJ

( ) 278

.1

.

3-1

( . . 2549)

(GWh/ /

)

(GWh/ /

)(GWh/ / ) ( )

1(2,000 m

2< A < 10,000 m

2 H 23 m)

2.37 0.52 1.28 31

2(A 10,000 m

2 H < 23 m)

8.22 0.44 2.60 46

3(A 10,000 m

2 H 23 m)

14.2 0.42 4.98 191

( ) 268

9

¥—™π’°“√„™âæ≈—ßß“π¢Õß Õ“§“√ ”π—°ß“π 3

3-1 2549

2549

( 3)

4.98 GWh/ /

( 2) 2.6 GWh/ /

( 1)

1.28 GWh/ /

3

Diagram

10

3-2

3.1

20 3-2

• 53%

• 16% (

)

• 15%

• 13%

• 3%

.

( ) ( )

M

Grid

Meter

( )

11

3-3 20

3-2

( )

1 (2,000 m2< A < 10,000 m

2 H 23 m) 5

2 (A 10,000 m2

H < 23 m) 5

3 (A 10,000 m2

H 23 m) 10

3.2

. ( .1)

20

20

12

3-3

1. SEC = (kWh / )

% Occupancy x (m2)

kWh/ /m2

2. SEC AC-AREA = (kWhAC / )

% Occupancy x (m2)

kWh/ /m2

3. SEC AC-VOL = (kWhAC / )

% Occupancy x (m3)

kWh/ /m3

4. SEC LT = (kWhLT / )

% Occupancy x (m2)

kWh/ /m2

5. SEC L = (kWhL / )

x (m) kWh/ / -

1.

12

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7. %Occupancy

8.

9. 1

5

(1)

(2)

(3)

Linear Regression (R2

1) 13

(Specific Energy Consumption: SEC)

4

3-4

1. SEC = (kWh / )

% Occupancy x (m2)

kWh/ /m2

2.

SEC AC-AREA = (kWhAC / )

% Occupancy x (m2)

kWh/ /m2

3. SEC LT = (kWhLT / )

% Occupancy x (m2)

kWh/ /m2

4. SEC L = (kWhL / )

x (m) kWh/ / -

3.3

20

3-5 (20 )

SEC 209.90 kWh/ /m2

SECAC-AREA 135.32 kWh/ /m2

SECLT 28.53 kWh/ /m2

SECL 2.28 kWh/ / -

14

3-6

SEC R2

(SEC) ( )

20 209.90 kWh/ /m2

0.84

1 5 215.80 0.86

2 5 199.90 0.91

3 10 218.50

kWh/ /m2

0.84

2 143.82 -

18 212.37

kWh/ /m2

0.84

13 227.20 0.89

7 141.63

kWh/ /m2

0.70

(SECAC-AREA) ( )

20 135.32 0.72

1 5 137.24 0.89

2 5 107.11 0.80

3 10 136.14

kWh/ /m2

0.53

Water-Cooled Chiller 9 103.11 0.79

Air-Cooled Chiller 1 143.96 -

Package A/C 10 164.95

kWh/ /m2

0.70

15

(SECAC-VOL) ( )

20 51.70 0.71

1 5 55.26 0.88

2 5 40.26 0.84

3 10 52.03

kWh/ /m3

0.52

Water-Cooled Chiller 9 38.37 0.81

Air-Cooled Chiller 1 58.76 -

Package A/C 10 63.17

kWh/ /m3

0.70

(SECLT) ( )

20 28.53 0.85

1 5 27.88 0.60

2 5 25.10 0.99

3 10 29.85

kWh/ /m2

0.85

(SECL) ( )

20 2.28 0.94

1 5 2.22 0.70

2 5 3.37 0.65

3 10 2.27

kWh/ /

-

0.92

16

3.4

(Energy Intensity: EI)

( toe) (GDP,

. 1988) EI

EI

Activies)Business&RentingEstate(RealGDPEEI =

E ( .)

( .) TSIC 83101

( GWh toe)

GDP (Real Estate Renting & Business Activities)

(

. 1988)

GDP

. . . . 2545-2550

Energy Intensity

0.99

0.97 0.99 1.011.00

0.600

0.700

0.800

0.900

1.000

1.100

2544

2545

2546

2547

2548

2549

2550Year

Ener

gy In

tens

ity (t

oe/m

ill. T

HB)

3-4 (EI) . . 2545-2549

( )17

(EI)

EI . . 2545-2547 EI

. . 2547-2549 EI 2%

( 2545-2549)

. . . 2535

(Energy Elasticity: EE)

(EE ) (

GDPGDP )

(EE /

GDPGDP )

Energy Elasticity

GDP

EE

Energy Elasticity

0.69

1.401.34

0.84

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550

Year

Energ

y Elas

ticity

3-5 (EE) . . 2546-2549

. . 2546-2549

0.69 1.40 1.07 GDP

1 1.07

( )

( )

18

( )

19

20

2

1)

2)

•

(Variable Primary Side Chilled Water Flow Technology)

•

(Low-Flow Low-Temperature Chilled Water Technology)

• (Regenerative Drive Lift Technology)

4.1

4.1.1 (Good Housekeeping)

20

¡“μ√°“√Õπÿ√—°…åæ≈—ßß“π  ”À√—∫Õ“§“√ ”π—°ß“π 4

4-1

( ) (kWh/ ) ( / )

1

1.1 1 4,335 14,066

1.2 2 22,526 74,570

1.3 Chiller 1 21,834 73,223

2

2.1 1 402 1,080

3

3.1 6 145,416 513,896

1

(Chiller) 400

3 200 1 (CDP) 5 75 kW

2 40 kW 3 40 kW CDP no.2

21.4 kW CDP no.4 25.90 kW

4-1

CDP no.2 4.46 kW

21

-

45,499 /

-

2

36

10 W 81 24 / 365

4-2

36 40

-

1,080 /

-

3

1,000 kVA 2

2547-2550 572 kW

MDB 2 TIE CB

22

4-3

1 ON TIE CB 2

Core loss

-

58,463 /

-

4.1.2

(Retrofitting/Technology Change)

4-2

( )( )

(kWh/ )( / ) ( )

1 Package A/C

Chiller Load 1 802,500 217,807 680,238 1.18

2 Air Cooled Chiller

Water Cooled Chiller 1 4,387,000 221,400 722,008 6.08

3 12 3,315,000 372,724 1,221,374 2.71

23

( )( )

(kWh/ )( / ) ( )

4 8 9,012,025 765,282 2,630,727 3.43

5 25 oC

24 oC

12 1,597,980 1,760,804 6,052,762 0.26

6 6 12,960,000 1,775,174 5,752,421 2.25

1 3 266,000 29,630 96,708 2.75

2 5 96,400 60,847 199,685 0.48

3 1 2,320,200 213,974 899,877 2.58

4 Light Save

36 W 5 7,945,125 513,784 1,690,478 4.70

5 36 W

28 W ( T5) 14 35,886,980 2,838,661 9,150,925 3.92

1 ( )

8 3,365,346 823,617 2,769,939 1.21

1

(Package Unit)

100,000 - 337,000 Btu/h 3,717,000 Btu/h 17

15 kW 4

4-4

24

25%

260,000

64,491 /

4.03

2

36

10 / 306

1x36 18 12 / 247

4-5

10 /

85,680

29,431 /

2.91

25

3

(Package Unit)

31.72%

4-6

151,416

228,168 /

0.66

26

4.2

(Emerging

Technology )

4.2.1 (Variable Primary Side Chilled Water Flow Technology)

1)

(Chilled

Water System)

(Load Sharing)

27

4-7

4-8

(Modulating Control Valve)

(Chilled Water Demand)

(By-pass)

(Modulating Control Valve)

4-7

(Variable

Flow) 2 Primary-Secondary

(Primary Side) (Secondary

Side)

4-8 4-9

28

(Flow Friction)

(Minimum Flow)

4-9 Variable Primary - Variable Secondary (VPF)

2)

Primary-Secondary

(Primary Flow)

(Secondary Flow)

( 4-8)

(Primary Flow)

( 4-9)

Evaporator

(Nuisance

Shutdown) Evaporator

(Sensors)

(Secondary Side)

29

Variable Primary Flow System VPF

System

900 300

60% 80% VPF

VPF (Minimum Flow, Bypass)

4-10

4.2.2

(Low-Flow Low-Temperature Chilled Water Technology)

1)

(Variable Chilled Water Flow)

24CHW

rGPM T

Ton×

=

rTon = ,

GPM = ,

CHWT = ,

Variable W ater F low

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

3:50:00 3:55:00 4:00:00 4:05:00 4:10:00Tim e (hour:m in:sec)

Wat

er T

emp

[deg

F]

-500

-300

-100

100

300

500

700

900

1100

1300

1500

Flow

[gpm

]Evaporator W ater F low

Evap Entering W ater Tem p

Evap Leaving W ater T em p

30

45

55

Cooling

Tower

4-11

43

58

2)

33%

45 43

45

Chiller

Water Pumps

1972 NOW

73%

9%18%

57%

26% 17%

Efficiency 0.85 Kw/Tr Efficiency 0.55 Kw/Tr

Chiller

Water Pumps

1972 2008

73%

9%18%

57%

26% 17%

Efficiency 0.85 Kw/Tr Efficiency 0.55 Kw/Tr

Cooling Tower

31

450 1,080 160

1. 1

45 45

Evaporator

1,080 2.4

2. 2 43

43 Evaporator

720 1.6

4-12

8:30 23:00 .

4-12

1

0.635 kW/Ton 2

0.649 kW/Ton

42.7 kW 13.4 kW 69%

1

0.748 kW/Ton 2 0.713 kW/Ton 4.7%

1,080 GPM 2.4 GPM/TR

4455°°

FF

5555°°

FF

9900°°

FF

110000°°

FF

Standard Flow 450 TR

4433°°

FF

5588°°

FF

9900°°

FF

110000°°

FF

Low Flow 450 TR

evaporator flow rate condenser flow rate 1,350 GPM 3.0 GPM/TR

720 GPM 1.6 GPM/TR evaporator flow rate condenser flow rate 1,350 GPM 3.0 GPM/TR

Chiller Efficiency 0.635 Kw/Tr Chiller Efficiency 0.649 Kw/Tr

32

4-13

4-3

(kW)

1

45

(kW)

2

43

285.7 292.3

42.7 13.4 (Low Flow)

328.4 305.7 (6.91% savings)

( )

4-14

Temperature differential

Supply temperature Flow Fan

Ductwor

Pump

Piping

33

1/3

4.2.3 T5

1)

12%

/

2) (Fluorescent Lamps)

(Phosphur)

4-15

34

4-4 -

• 10,000-13,000

•

• (Ra=63-85)

•

•

•

•

• 18 W

< 50 lm/W

• 25%

( super 80 10%)

• 2-3

(

)

• ( )

• ( )

•

•

( T12)

38 40

( T8 TLD) 26

36

T5 28

16

4-16 T12, T8 T5

35

4-5

Diameter Wattage Luminous Flux and Efficacy

@ 100 burning hours Fluorescence Lamp Type

(mm) (W) (lm) (lm/W)

TL Standard 38 40 2850 72

TLD (T8) 26 36 2650 73.6

TL 5 HE (T5) 16 28 2900 104

T5

104 T5

TLD

•

•

•

•

4-17 4-18 T5

TLD T5 TLD

4-17 T5 TLD

4-18 T5 TLD 36

Polar Curve T5 TLD

T5 TLD 33%

TLD 2x36 W T5 2x28 W

T5 TLD

4-19 TLD T5

4-20 2x28 W 2x36 W

1 T5 (2x28 W) TLD (2x36 W)

T5

100

TLD T5

25% T5 TLD

2x 36 2x 28

37

38

39

4-23 (

)

(Gearless Machine)

• (Induction Motor)

(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, PMSM)

•

VVVF Variable Voltage

Variable Frequency

PMSM

(Dynamic Brake Resistor)

(Friction Loss) (Windage Loss)

40

41

4-25

3)

(Closed Loop Control)

Regenerative Drive

Regen Drive

ReGen drive

Non-regen drive

AC VF

DC

AC VF

DCElectrical power

generation

Electrical power consumption

Full Load Down

Full Load Down

Full Load Up

Full Load Up

4-26 Regenerative Drive

42

Regenerative Drive

160

( ) 100

4-27 4-28

4-29 Regenerative Drive

43

(SEC)

.

(SEC)

SEC

5-1 SEC

SEC Benchmark

SEC

5-1

(kWh/yr) ( )

SEC

( )(kWh/ )

(%)

155,180,394 31 12 4,606,487 8.35

2105,596,997 46 11 11,554,979 10.94

31,256,508,276 191 80 221,894,131 17.66

1,417,285,669 268 103 238,055,598 16.80

: . . 2549 44

·π«∑“ß à߇ √‘¡°“√Õπÿ√—°…å æ≈—ßß“π„πÕ“§“√ ”π—°ß“π 5

5.1 20

20

73,238,230 kWh/

13.47%

5-2 20

( ) (kWh/ ) (kWh/ / ) (kWh/ )(kWh/ / )

%

1 1 5 7,012,452 1,402,490 1,017,977 203,595 14.52

2 2

5 9,149,811 1,829,962 1,574,583 314,916 17.21

3 3

10 57,075,967 5,707,596 7,276,012 727,601 12.75

20 73,238,230 8,940,049 9,868,572 1,246,113 13.47

5.2

1,417 GWh/

1.1% 3.5%

( . . 2549) (Energy Intensity:

EI) (Energy Elasticity: EE)

. . 2545 - 2549 EI 0.97 - 1.01 toe/ . .1988

EE 0.69 - 1.40 1.07

(Benchmark)

238 GWh/45

16.8%

20

13.5%

10%

1) (1-2 )

: (Energy Management)

(House-Keeping)

:

: 3%

42,518,570 kWh/ 127,555,710 /

46

2) (3-5 )

: (Retrofiting, Equipments & Process Improvement)

-

: (Proven Technology)

(Label)

CO2

: 7%

99,209,997 kWh/ 297,629,991 /

3) (> 5 )

(Technology Transfer)

(Consultant)

(Designer) (Contractor) (ESCO)

( )

(Renovate)

47

48

6.1

20

(SEC)

6-1 (SEC)

( kWh/ /m2)

20 209.90

6.2

20

6-2

1 SECAC-AREA 135.30 kWh/ /m2

2 SEC LT 28.50 kWh/ /m2

3 SEC L 2.30 kWh/ / -

49

6 ∫∑ √ÿª

6.3

(SEC)

(Benchmark)

238 GWh/

16.8%

20

13.5%

10%

142 GWh/

425 /

5

20

50

(Proven Technology)

(Label)

CO2

(Minimum Equiment Performance Standard)

(Label)

51