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Clear argument about social issue
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Jake R. Kidd
Mrs.Grimaldi
Honors English Language Arts
17 February 2016
Keystone XL Pipeline Controversy
e---—Today is a time of uncertainty and questioning for us ll. The Keystone XL
pipeline is a crude oil pipeline that the US and Canada can use to transport crude oil to refineries
on the east coast. Its construction would certainly grow the US energy sector and provide a boon
for the US economy. t can be seen that there kcthrase
is o logical reason c,lqritäto not co truct this pipeline.
the Keystone XL pipeline should be approved by the US government as
it will create jobs and boost the American economy while no real effect on the
environment.
The proposed pipeline would create an impressive amount of jobs through not only its
construction, but additionally through businesses that would spring up and rely on its creation.
The Keystone XL pipeline would "support more than 42,000 jobs, ranging from construction
jobs for welders and pipefitters to support jobs at hotels and gas stations—all without spending a
dime of taxpayer money" (Thune). Also, the pipeline would pay billions in property taxes for
local governments. You see thht "In South Dakota alone, the pipeline would bring in $20
million per year in property taxes" (Thune). 42,000 jobs and $20 billion dollars are huge
numbers and they only consider the pipeline itself. The point is that while the numbers above e
very impressive, there will be tremendously larger numbers when jobs and businesses æcreated
that aren't as directly related to the pipeline. "While pipeline welding (like all construction jobs)
Jake Kidd 2
is not permanent work, increased economic activity often leads to funher development including
new businesses and other construction work" (Generous). A product of the Keystone's creation
will be the hundreds of thousands of people that will have stable jobs and better livelihoods.
"From the workers manning ethylene crackers and gas-to-liquids plants to the manufacturing
jobs necessary to make and maintain them, these facilities along the supply chain will yield
thousands of jobs. Furthermore, cheaper energy and a wider network of pipelines means
entrepreneurs and heavy manufacturing have the option to keep jobs in the United States,
including the parts of the country recovering most slowly from the recession" (Generous). As
stated, the jobs created will be diverse and the pipeline will provide opportunities for
entrepreneurship and a chance greater economic prosperity. The Keystone XL will help the US
economy in many more ways than one can imagine.
Not only will there be a large amount of jobs created, but the pipeline wilhallow the
American energy sector to grow and farmers more railways to transport their crop. Today,
both crops and oil are transported along railroads to their destination. The new pipeline would
"carry oil from the Bakken oil fields in North Dakota to refineries along the Gulf Coast. This
would help alleviate the rail overcrowding that is preventing farmers in the Midwest from getting
their goods to market" (Thune). In fact, the new pipeline would take "800,000 barrels a day off
train tracks" (Generous). Although there will be a noticeable increase in industry as a result of
Keystone, there will also be more rail space for farmers who normally would seem somewhat
unrelated to the pipeline's construction. In addition, the pipeline is a necessarypieee r the (IS.
energy sector to grow. To understand the vital importance of the Keystone XL, one must
understand that the energy sector has three basic parts: upstream, midstream, and downstream.
The upstream is the actual extraction and collection of oil and gaêh e downstream is the final
Jake Kidd 3
refining and creation of a usable product for the consumer, while the midstream is the
infrastructure, logistics, and transportation of it all. The United States has always had a strong
downstream to manufacture the oil that we import. Recently however, large energy reserves have
been found in the northern parts of the US. "Prior to 2012, U.S. gas and oil companies focused
primarily on domestic or foreign sources of oil (upstream) and final processing and delivery to
the customer (downstream). With more natural gas reserves being discovered and harnessed in
the continental United States, a robust midstream infrastructure is now essential" (Generous).
These reserves are responsible in the drop in the price of gas seen lately and the growth of the
upstream in America. "Missing from many stories about America's energy revolution is the
industry's midstream sector. This is the chain of transportation and rough processing of raw oil
and natural gas and the link between the upstream and downstream sectors" (Generous). In order
for the energy sector to grow, the midstream has to keep up with needs of the up and
downstream. The recent rise of the American upstream provides an incentive to keep the
midstream stron . Choosing to ignore thiSRis choosing to miss out on money, jobs, economic
this)
gro
Middle-Eastern oil and to create a powerful energy sector at home.
Not everyone sees the rationality in building the Keystone XL. Opponents of the pipeline
believe that it will harm the environment mainly through emissions of carbon dioxide. "C02
contributes to climate change because of the cumulative nature of its effects" (Lieber).
Opponents justify opposing the pipeline because of these environmental concerns, but "five
separate environmental reviews by the State Department have found that the pipeline will have
no meaningful impact on the environment" (Thune). Transporting oil by pipeline is actually
more efficient and better for the environment than by rail and truck which e e now. " anada
00
Jake Kidd 4
will extract its oil regardless; the only question is whethe we antit to come here via the
pipeline, along with the thousands of jobs it will create, or whether e ant Canada to ship it
overseas via less environmentally friendly methods" (Thune). Marco Rubio, a respected Florida
senator and 2016 Presidential candidate, describes the opposition to the pipeline and the global
warming scare as a "fear campaign" (Peters). Rubio also states that although the party may try to
appeal t you y "labe g themselves 'progressives,' they take great pride in opposing economic
progress" (Peters). The fact is that many credible sources have shown its impact on the
environment will be meaningless, and so the question is do e t to believe a corrupt political
agenda against the pipeline or do e •sh to build the pipeline and with it a stronger economy.
Through examining several sources, it can be concluded that constructing the Keystone
XL pipeline would be greatly beneficial to all Americans. Its ability to create jobs and bolster the
US economy would be substantial. Think of all the people who will have a secure future for
themselves and their families. Reliable sources have shown the Keystone to have obvious
benefits and a lack of any real detriment. Logically speaking, not building this pipeline gives up
so many jobs and sokene ts for the economy. The Keystone XL pipeline is what America
needs, and it can be clearly seen that it should be approved by the government of the United
States of America.
Jake Kidd 5
Works Cited
Generous, Theodore E. "Between the Well and the Pump." Weekly Standard. 18 May 2015: 18-
20. SIRS Issues Researcher. web. 11 Feb. 2016.
Lieber, Don. "Keystone XL Pipeline Climate Catastrophe." E Magazine. Mar/Apr 2012:27.
SIRS Issues Researcher. web. 11 Feb. 2016.
Peters, Jeremy W., and Coral Davenport. "Rubio Comes Out Strong for Drilling and Fracking."
New York Times. 17 Oct. 2015: A.14. SIRS Issues Researcher. web. Il Feb. 2016.
Thune, John, and Anna Eshoo. "Approve the Keystone XL Pipeline." American Legion
Magazine. Mar. 2015: 12. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 09 Feb. 2016.