OFDMA and 4G Technologies Long Term Evoloution-Advanced

February, 2013

Presentation

By

Asit Kadayan, Director, National Telecom Institute (DoT)

For Conference at BABES, Ghaziabad

OFDMA and 4G

Fixed subscribers - 30.79 Million

Mobile - 864.72 Million

Gross - 895.51 Million (Wireless+Wireline)

Total Tele density - 70.82%

Rural Tele density - 39.04%

Urban Tele density - 143.48%

Broadband Subscription – 14.98 Million

Growth Rate /Month - 0.1 Million

Phenomenal Growth: Indian Scenario: Dec 2012

-0.27% per month

-2.79% per month

Applications & Services

OFDMA and 4G

Education •Virtual School

•On-line Laboratories

•On-line Library

•On-line Training

•Remote Consultation

Telemetric Services •Machine-Machine

Services

•Location Based Tracking

•Navigation Assistance

•Travel Information

•Fleet Management

•Remote Diagnostics

Public Services •Public Elections/Voting

•Public Information

•Help

•Broadcast Services

•Yellow Pages

Financial Services •On-line banking

•Universal SIM & Credit Card

•Home Shopping

•Stock Quotes Communications •Video Telephony

•Video Conferencing

•Speech

•Email

•Announcing Services

•SMS

•Electronic Postcards

Information

•Intelligent Search and Filtering

agents

•Internet Surfing

•On-line media

•On-line translation

•Local information

•Booking & Reservation

•News

Office Information •Virtual Working Groups

•Tele-working

•Schedule Synchronisation

Special Services •Security Service

•Hotline

•Tele-medecine

Leisure •Virtual Book Store

•Music on Demand

•Games on Demand

•Video-clips

•Virtual Sight Seeing

•Lottery Services

Mobile global data traffic

The growing adoption of

data services has become

the major source of

traffic since 2010

On the Analysis Masson

forecasts , mobile traffic

is expected to grow at a

CAGR (Compound

annual growth rate) of

42% to reach 28 000 PB

per year in 2015.

Source: ITU-R M.2243 Report

Estimates data traffic based on multiple sources

OFDMA and 4G

Mobile global data traffic

The ITU-R M. 2243 Report concludes

“The data traffic (in year 2010) was more than 5 times greater than some of the estimates for Report ITU-R M. 2072. “

“Actual traffic being experienced by some operators in year 2011 was even greater than some of the 2020 forecasts given in Report ITU-R M.2072.[…].” Source: ITU-R M. 2243 Report

Comparison of ITU-R M.2072 with Current Data

OFDMA and 4G

Factors impacting traffic forecast

Diversity of devices

Tablet generates 500 times as

much data traffic as a basic mobile

phone

Smartphones generate, on

average, around 50 times more

data per month than a basic phone

Average modem/dongle use,

with laptop users generating as

much as 1300 times that of a

“standard” 3G phone

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015T

raff

ic (

Pe

tab

yte

s p

er

ye

ar)

Smartphone Voicephone

Tablet, eReader, Gaming console Laptop

M2M ITU-R M.2072 forecast

Mobile traffic (PB per year) by device type

Source: ITU, Analysys Mason

Mobile data usage is heavily device-dependent

OFDMA and 4G

Factors impacting traffic forecast

Number of devices

2020

12 Billion Mobile Connected

Devices

2011

6 Billion Mobile Connected Devices

Source: Machina

Mobile world has reached another milestone with Internet becoming

increasingly mobile. Based on industry information, estimates that the

number of mobile subscription will reach 9 billion end of 2017

Spectrum is a key resource/element for Mobile Broadband development

OFDMA and 4G

OFDMA and 4G

Wireless Access Evolution

Broadband

New Services

Efficiency

Broadband

Subscribers

Voice

Coverage

Mobility

Voice Quality

Portability

Capacity

Broadband

Network

Simplification

Cost of

Ownership

OFDMA and 4G

Evolution of Wireless Mobile Communication

AMPS

(America)

TACS, NMT

(Europe)

IS-54

GSM

IS-95A CDMA200095B

EVDO

EVDV

EVDO

RevA

EVDO

RevBUMB

WCDMA HSDPA HSPA+ LTE

CT-2

pager

GPRS

EDGE

WiMAX

wave 1

WiMAX

wave 2

TD-SCDMA

(China)

4G

1990 1995 2000 2005

1G (analog)2G (digital)

3G~3.9G (high speed data)

4G (very high speed data)

voice

voice

Voice, 14.4k

Voice, 14.4k

voice

Voice, 14.4k

Data, 56k

한 한 한 한 한 한 한 한 (2007한 한 한 )

Voice, 384k

Data only, 2.4M/150k

Voice, 153k

Voice, 3.2M/1.8M

3.2M/1.8M

14.4M/5M

14.7M/5.4M ~200M

~200M

Voice, 384k

20M/5M 40M/10M100M~1G

56k

384k

number

High Data Rates in Mobile Networks

Fundamental Constraints

– Shanon’s Limit C=BW log2 (1+S/N).

Min {Eb/No}=(2γ-1)/γ where γ=R/BW

– Power Limited Region

– Bandwidth Limited Region

High Data Rates in noise-limited Region

High Data Rates in Interference-limited region

Higher Order Modulation (HOM)

HOM with Channel Coding

– Variations in Instantaneous TX Power

OFDMA and 4G

5 MHz carrier

4x4 MIMO

Downlink

3.6 Mbps

14 Mbps

21 Mbps 28 Mbps

42 Mbps

15 codes

2x2 MIMO 64QAM

Both

5 MHz carrier 4x4 MIMO

2007

2008

2009

eHSPA

158 Mbps

Uplink

0.384 Mbps

1.4 Mbps

5.8 Mbps

12 Mbps

HSPA

on the uplink

2 ms TTI

16QAM

52 Mbps 20 MHz carrier

2x2 MIMO

20 MHz carrier

1x2 MIMO

80 Mbps

LTE

(Q3 2009)

23 Mbps LTE

(Q3 2009)

eHSPA

HSPA

Evolution to even higher speeds and lower latency

2006

OFDMA and 4G

Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC)

Adaptive Modulation

Throughput

Received SINR

64-QAM

16-QAM

8-PSK

QPSK

QPSK 8-PSK 16-QAM 64-QAM

Adaptively select the modulation type depending on the received SINR

OFDMA and 4G

Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC)

Adaptive Modulation and Coding Throughput

Received SINR

64-QAM

16-QAM

8-PSK

QPSK/R=1/5

QPSK 8-PSK 16-QAM 64-QAM

Adaptively select the modulation type and coding rate depending on the received SINR

QPSK/R=2/5

OFDMA and 4G

Wide Bandwidth including Multi-Carrier

Complexity of equipment at BS and UE

– Sampling rate, A2D, D2A, DSP

Coherent BW

– Time dispersion

Coherent Time

– Doppler Effect

Receiver-side Equalization

OFDMA PAPR

SC-OFDM

OFDMA and 4G

OFDM- High Data Rate vs. Lower Symbol Rate

Data rate = 54 Mbits/sec

@ ¾ coding = 72 Mbits/sec

@ 64QAM = 12 MSym/sec

SCM: OFDM:

Data rate = 54 Mbits/sec

@ ¾ coding = 72 Mbits/sec

@ 48 carriers= 1.5 Mbits/sec

@ 64QAM = 250 kSym/sec

1 Sym = .083 usec

1 Sym = 4.0 usec

This is a sample;

FFT(64 samples) gives

64 freq bins (48 carriers

+ 4 pilots + 12 zeros)

This is a

symbol

= 6 bits

OFDM – Orthogonals Signals

Signal structure: Many closely spaced individual carriers

Carrier spacing insures orthogonality, i.e.

Carrier spectrum = Sin (x)/X shape

Carrier placement = Sin (x)/X nulls

BW = #sub-Carriers x

Spacing

Advantages of OFDM: Excellent immunity to multi-path distortion

Excellent tolerance of single frequency

interferer

64QAM 16QAM QPSK

LTE-Downlink mapping

P-SCH - Primary Synchronization Channel S-SCH - Secondary Synchronization Channel

PBCH - Physical Broadcast Channel

PDCCH -Physical Downlink Control Channel

PDSCH - Physical Downlink Shared Channel

Reference Signal – (Pilot)

LTE-Resource grid

6 or 7 OFDM symbols in 1 slot

Subcarrier spacing = 15 kHz

Block of 12 SCs in 1 slot = 1 RB – 0.5 ms x 180 kHz

– Smallest unit of allocation

6 or 7 OFDM symbols

One downlink slot, Tslot

:

:

Transmission BW

Resource block

Resource element

l=0 l=6

12 subcarriers

OFDM symbols (= 7 OFDM symbols @ Normal CP)

The Cyclic Prefix is created by

prepending each symbol with a

copy of the end of the symbol

160 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 (x Ts)

1 frame = 10 sub-frames

= 10 ms

1 sub-frame = 2 slots

= 1 ms

1 slot = 15360 Ts

= 0.5 ms

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 et

c.

CP CP CP CP CP CP CP

P-SCH - Primary Synchronization Channel S-SCH - Secondary Synchronization Channel

PBCH - Physical Broadcast Channel

PDCCH -Physical Downlink Control Channel

PDSCH - Physical Downlink Shared Channel

Reference Signal – (Pilot)

DL

symbN

#0 #1 #8 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #9 #10 #11 #12 #19 #13 #14 #15 #16 #17 #18

LTE-Downlink frame structure

1 0 2 3 4 5 6 1 0 2 3 4 5 6

OFDMA and 4G

100 MHz BW

8x MIMO

20+20 MHz

64 QAM UL

MU-MIMO (DL)

4xMIMO

MU-MIMO (UL)

OFDM

64/16 QAM DL/UL

2x MIMO

Capacity and Performance roadmap

20+20 MHz BW

64 QAM UL

MU-MIMO (DL)

4xMIMO

MU-MIMO (UL)

OFDM

64/16 QAM DL/UL

2x MIMO

4x MIMO

MU-MIMO (UL)

OFDM

64/16 QAM DL/UL

2x MIMO

OFDM

64/16 QAM DL/UL

2x MIMO

300 Mbps

75 Mbps

150 Mbps

50 Mbps

600 Mbps

150 Mbps

1000 Mbps

500 Mbps

Terminal capabilites

LTE brings excellent user and network experience

Spectral efficiency

Global trend towards IMT

systems

IMT / IMT-Advanced family

Provides a global ecosystem

with inherent mobility

Dramatically improves speed

and latency

OFDMA and 4G

Multiple Antenna Features

Generalized spatial multiplexing

– With M base station antennas, it is

possible to transmit up to M spatial

streams.

– Generalized spatial multiplexing

distributes M streams optimally on a

frame-by-frame basis.

Performance will be better than

SU-MIMO or MU-MIMO alone

Adapts transmission strategy for

each mobile individually based on

the number of antennas

OFDMA and 4G

OFDMA and 4G

Key LTE radio access features

LTE radio access

– Downlink: OFDM

– Uplink: SC-FDMA

Advanced antenna solutions

– Diversity

– Beam-forming

– Multi-layer transmission (MIMO)

Spectrum flexibility

– Flexible bandwidth

– New and existing bands

– Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD 20 MHz 1.4 MHz

SC-FDMA

OFDMA

TX TX

LTE-Advanced Technologies

LTE-Advanced Key Technologies

New

technologies

CoMP (Coordinated Multipoint

Transmission/Reception)

-Cell edge throughput improvement

-High data rate coverage extension

Relay -Coverage hole elimination

-High data rate coverage extension

-Replacement of wire backhaul

Bandwidth Extension -Up-to 100MHz transmission bandwidth

-Utilization of noncontiguous spectrum segments

LTE

enhancement

technologies

MIMO -Increase of Peak data rate and cell throughput

-DL : 8x8 MIMO

-UL : 4x4 MIMO

UL SC-FDMA

enhancement

-Allocation of non-contiguous frequency blocks

:Increase of cell throughput

-Transmission on separate carriers for control and data channels

OFDMA and 4G

CoMP (COordinated MultiPoint Transmission/Reception)

Coordinated multipoint Tx/Rx(COMP)

– Coordinate the transmission and reception of signal from/to one UE in several geographically separated points.

– What to achieve?

Reduced/controlled inter-cell interference

Improved signal strength in donwlink and uplink

BS

BS

MS

MS

Network backhaul

w11S1+w12S2

h11h12

h21

h22

CoMP operation

Precoding

Channel info

feedback

Data

S1, S2

w21S1+w22S2

BS

BS

MS

MS

Network backhaul

w11S1 w2S1

h11h12

h21

h22

Single-cell operation

Enhanced service provisioning, especially for cell-edge users

OFDMA and 4G

CoMP (COordinated MultiPoint Transmission/Reception)

Coordinated multipoint Tx/Rx(COMP)

Goal of COMP

SINR improvement : larger signal energy and less interference

Better cell edge performance and larger cell throughput

High Performance Potential

– Straightforward in uplink

– Feedback of channel status information challenging

Required operations

Increased uplink feedback from UEs

Synchronization between the transmission point (cells)

Practical challenges remain

Downlink reference signal design and multi-cell channel estimation support

Uplink terminal feedback and required reporting schemes

Definition, configuration and coordination of the cell sets

MS

BS

BS

BS

BS

BS

BSBS

BS

Central Unit

OFDMA and 4G

Relay for Coverage Extension

Definition of Relay

– A new way of communication for user terminals or dedicated relay nodes to share their antennas providing the multiple signal routes(virtual multiple-antenna system)

Direct communication

Simple Relaying

Multi-hop Relaying

S

S

S

S

R

R R

D

D

D D D

DSource Relay Destination

Virtual MIMOCooperative Relaying

S

S

S

S

S

R

R

R

R

R

D

D

D

D

S R D

OFDMA and 4G

Relay for Coverage Extension

L0 relay(=Repeater)

– Amplify and forward(analog

amplifier),not seen by terminal

L1 relay

– Digital buffering and forward

– Added delay compared to L0 relay

L2 relay (Type II)

– Decode and forward

– Possibly scheduling functionality

L3 relay (Type I)

– Same as base station from terminal

perspective

– Wireless backhauling

Reason for Relay

– Coverage Extension

– Throughput/capacity gain

Benefits of Relay vs. Pico net

– Lower cost : no fiber backhaul

– Flexibility Main focus is on L3 relay

and stationary, single-hop relay

BS RS

MS

MS

MS

MS

MS

BS coverage

area

RS coverage

area

OFDMA and 4G

Bandwidth Extension

Motivations

– LTE-A peak rate of 1Gbps in DL(support≥40MHz)

– Operations need a technology to make best use of spectrum

How?

– Carrier Aggregation : Aggregation of multiple LTE carriers

Issues

– Aggregation of contiguous spectrum vs. non-contiguous spectrum

– Backward compatibility : LTE terminal able to access LTE-Advanced network

20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz

<60 MHz bandwidth by carrier aggregation>

OFDMA and 4G

Multiple Antenna Features

Extended multi-antenna transmission

– Spatial multiplexing in uplink

Up to 4x4 MIMO

– Increased spatial multiplexing in downlink

Up to 8x8 MIMO

– Enhanced downlink multi-user MIMO

– Non codebook based beamformed spatial multiplexing in downlink

Classical beamforming via dedicated reference signals

BSMS

BSMS

BSMS

Higher data rates and improved system efficiency

OFDMA and 4G

UL SC-FDMA Enhancement

Enhancement on SC-FDMA Uplink Waveform

– LTE-A UE adopts “N x DFTS-OFDM” across component carriers

Single-carrier transmission is not met in case of N x DFTS-OFDM

Possible to re-use the LTE transmitter/receiver implementations

Enables HARQ and MCS to be component-carrier specific

Same implementation for both contiguous and non-contiguous carriers

20MHz 20MHz 20MHz

IDFT IDFT IDFT

DF

T

DF

T

DF

T

OFDMA and 4G

Building on Releases

Release 10 LTE-Advanced

meeting the requirements set by

ITU’s IMT-Advanced project.

Also includes quad-carrier

operation for HSPA+.

Release 99: Enhancements to

GSM data (EDGE). Majority of

deployments today are based on

Release 99. Provides support for

GSM/EDGE/GPRS/WCDMA

radio-access networks.

Release 4: Multimedia

messaging support. First steps

toward using IP transport in the

core network.

Release 5: HSDPA. First phase

of Internet Protocol Multimedia

Subsystem (IMS). Full ability to

use IP-based transport instead of

just Asynchronous Transfer

Mode (ATM) in the core

network.

Release 6: HSUPA. Enhanced

multimedia support through

Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast

Services (MBMS). Performance

specifications for advanced

receivers. Wireless Local Area

Network (WLAN) integration

option. IMS enhancements. Initial

VoIP capability.

Release 7: Evolved EDGE. Specifies HSPA+, higher order modulation and MIMO. Performance enhancements, improved

spectral efficiency, increased capacity, and better resistance to interference. Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC) enables

efficient “always-on” service and enhanced uplink UL VoIP capacity, as well as reductions in call set-up delay for Push-to-Talk

Over Cellular (PoC). Radio enhancements to HSPA include 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) in the downlink DL

and 16 QAM in the uplink. Also includes optimization of MBMS capabilities through the multicast/broadcast, single-frequency

network (MBSFN) function.

Release 8: HSPA Evolution,

simultaneous use of MIMO and

64 QAM. Includes dual-carrier

HSPA (DC-HSPA) wherein two

WCDMA radio channels can be

combined for a doubling of

throughput performance.

Specifies OFDMA-based 3GPP

LTE.

Defines EPC.

Release 9: HSPA and LTE

enhancements including HSPA

dual-carrier operation in

combination with MIMO, EPC

enhancements, femtocell

support, support for regulatory

features such as emergency

user-equipment positioning and

Commercial Mobile Alert

System (CMAS), and evolution

of IMS architecture.

Text adapted from 3G Americas White Paper, September 2010

OFDMA and 4G

OFDMA and 4G

Peak data rate

Goal: significantly increased peak data rates, scaled linearly according to spectrum allocation

Targets:

– Instantaneous downlink peak data rate of 100Mbit/s in a 20MHz downlink spectrum (i.e. 5 bit/s/Hz)

– Instantaneous uplink peak data rate of 50Mbit/s in a 20MHz uplink spectrum (i.e. 2.5 bit/s/Hz)

The Enhanced UTRAN (E-UTRAN) will:

– be optimised for mobile speeds 0 to 15 km/h

– support, with high performance, speeds between 15 and 120 km/h

– maintain mobility at speeds between 120 and 350 km/h

and even up to 500 km/h depending on frequency band

– support voice and real-time services over entire speed range

with quality at least as good as UTRAN

OFDMA and 4G

Radio interface: Overall architecture

eNB

MME/SAE Gateway MME/SAE Gateway

eNB

eNB

S1

S1

S1

S1

X2

X2X

2

E-UTRAN

eNodeB

Functions for Radio Resource Management:

–Radio Bearer Control,

–Radio Admission Control,

–Connection Mobility Control,

–Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both

uplink and downlink (scheduling);

IP header compression and encryption of user data

stream;

Selection of an MME at UE attachment;

Two interfaces:

–S1 for the Control plane

–X1 for the User plane (new)

Additional interface in between eNode Bs: X2

–Including both Control and User plane

OFDMA and 4G

LTE TDD & FDD share common N/w Ecosystem

S1-U

S1-MME

S11

S6a

SGi

S5

HSS

MME

S-GW

Gx Gxc eN

B

Applications Step 2

2. MMTel

3. IPTV VoD

PDN-GW

PCRF

Rx

OSS

IMS Core

Internet

Applications Step 1

Web, FTP, Video Streaming

FTP Server

Video Server

Web Server

MMTel Application

Server

IPTV Application

Server

SGi

Common to FDD

and TDD

Parts of L1

L2, L3

Different between

FDD and TDD

High Degree of commonality between TDD and FDD on network side *Minimum changes in HW and SW

Enabling Technologies for LTE-Advanced

Peak Data Rate improvement

– DL 4x4 : LTE baseline 2x2

– UL 2x4 : LTE baseline 1x2

– 8 Tx antennas at eNode-B including 8x8 MIMO spatial multiplexing is also considered

Sector/cell throughput improvement

– Advanced Downlink MU-MIMO: 8 Tx beam-forming

– Uplink SU-MIMO

– Hybrid OFDMA and SC-FDMA in uplink

– Multi-stream MIMO SFN broadcast

– Superposition of unicast and broadcast traffic

Cell edge performance improvement

– Multi-hop relay – coverage extension

– Multi-cell MIMO (Network MIMO) – toward a cell without cell edge?

OFDMA and 4G

Advanced MU-MIMO: 8Tx Beam-forming

0 2 4 6 8 10 120.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

5%

User

Thro

ughput

(bps/H

z)

# of UEs

Baseline-1x2

MUBF2x2

MUBF4x2

MUBF8x2

0 2 4 6 8 10 121

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Syste

m T

hro

ughput

(bps/H

z)

# of UEs

Baseline-1x2

MUBF2x2

MUBF4x2

MUBF8x2

5%-tile UE throughput Sector throughput

• 8Tx beam-forming provides

– Higher beam resolution, increased

coverage, larger beam forming gain and

larger number of simultaneous beams in

one sector

– Both throughput and coverage gain

• Cell edge performance gain of up to150% against 4x2 case

with 12 UEs/cell

• Issue: pilot provisioning

Multi-cell Network MIMO

Network backhaul

Less co-channel interference, more signal

Better cell edge performance

Requirements:

– Increased uplink feedback overhead

– Synchronization to more than one cell

11h 12h

21h

22h

11 1 12 2w S w S 21 1 22 2w S w S

Precoding

Data

S1,S2

Channel Info

feedback

Zero forcing example:

1

11 12 11 12

21 22 21 22

w w h h

w w h h

OFDMA and 4G

MBSFN Spatial Multiplexing

MBSFN system is bandwidth limited particularly in smaller cells

MBSFN signals received from multiple antennas from multiple cells are decorrelated – Potential for performance improvement using MIMO spatial multiplexing

Base layer is carried with more robustness (better coding, modulation and/or higher power).

UEs with good channel conditions can also decode the enhanced layer by canceling the base layer signal

– Allows differentiated QoS

Broadcast/

Multicast

Controller

Broadcast/

Multicast

Content

Server

eNB

N

eNB1

eNB2

Same Broadcast

Multicast

Information

DMUXANT1

ANT2

S1

S2

Base

Enhanced

DMUXANT1

ANT2

S1

S2

Base

Enhanced

DMUXANT1

ANT2

S1

S2

Base

Enhanced

OFDMA and 4G

MBSFN/Unicast Superposition

Free MBMS Capacity

Unused Node-B Power

Unicast

SFN MBMS

Unicast Unicast

Cancelled MBMS signal

Total Node-B Power

• Unicast traffic is (often)

interference limited; broadcast is

not.

• Borrow some unicast power

without affecting unicast

performance and use this power for

MBSFN superposition

• Greater than 2b/s/Hz MBSFN

(20Mb/s in 10MHZ bandwidth)

throughput without degrading

unicast performance

– System simulations

according to case-1 in

LTE TR 25.814.

+ =

- =

Transmitter

Receiver

Composite MBSFN Unicast

Unicast MBSFN Composite

OFDMA and 4G

Dense Urban Urban Sub-Urban Sub-Urban Urban

Traffic Density Variations across City Relative density

R SU

Traffic Distribution

OFDMA and 4G

IMT-Advanced Technologies

Key Feature of IMT Advanced Standards (1)

Technology Description IEEE 802.16m 3GPP LTE-Adv

Multi-cell

Cooperative

Transmission

-Cell edge throughput improvement

-High data rate coverage extension

Support

(Multi-cell MIMO) Support(CoMP)

Relay

-Coverage hole elimination

-High data rate coverage extension

-Replacement of wire backhaul

Support Support

Wider Bandwidth -Utilization of contiguous/noncontiguous

spectrum segments

Support

(Multi-carrier)

Support

(Carrier Aggregation)

Enhanced MIMO

-Increase of Peak data rate and cell

throughput

-DL : 8x8 MIMO

-UL : 4x4 MIMO

Support Support

OFDMA and 4G

IMT-Advanced Technologies

Key Feature of IMT Advanced Standards (2)

Technology Description IEEE

802.16m

3GPP

LTE-Adv

UL SC-FDMA

Enhancement

-Allocation of non-contiguous frequency blocks :

Increase cell throughput

-Transmission on separate carriers for control and data

channels

Not applicable

(UL : OFDMA) Support

Femto

-Low Tx power BS typically for home/SOHO

applications

-Extend coverage(connected via DSL or Cable network)

-Enhance service quality for user perspective

Support Support

SON -Limit the human intervention to install BSs Support Support

Multi-Radio

Coexistence in

One Device

-For interference management with other radio

technologies such as Wifi, Bluetooth, etc. Support Not Support

OFDMA and 4G

IMT-Advanced Technologies

Minimum requirements of IMT Advanced

– Cell spectral efficiency

– Peak Spectral Efficiency

– Bandwidth

– Normalized Cell edge user throughput

– Latency

– VoIP Capacity

– Mobility

– Handover

OFDMA and 4G

IMT-Advanced Technologies

Cell spectral efficiency

Peak Spectral Efficiency

– Downlink peak spectral efficiency is 15 b/s/Hz

– Uplink peak spectral efficiency is 6.75 b/s/Hz

– assumptions on antenna configuration (Downlink – 4x4, Uplink – 2x4)

Bandwidth

– The RIT shall support a scalable bandwidth up to and including 40 MHz

Test environment Downlink (b/s/Hz/cell)

Antenna config. - 4x2

Uplink (b/s/Hz/cell)

Antenna config. - 2x4

Indoor 3 2.25

Microcellular 2.6 1.8

Base coverage urban 2.2 1.4

High speed 1.1 0.7

OFDMA and 4G

IMT-Advanced Technologies

Normalized Cell edge user throughput

Latency – Control plane latency : 100 ms, User plane latency : 10 ms

VoIP Capacity

Test environment Downlink (b/s/Hz) Uplink (b/s/Hz)

Indoor 0.1 0.07

Microcellular 0.075 0.05

Base coverage urban 0.06 0.03

High speed 0.04 0.015

Test environment Min VoIP capacity (Active users/sector/MHz)

Indoor 50

Microcellular 40

Base coverage urban 40

High speed 30

OFDMA and 4G

IMT-Advanced Technologies

Mobility

Handover

Item Requirement value

Environment Indoor Micro cell Macro cell High speed

Frequency efficiency

(bps/Hz)

1.0

(3km/h)

0.75

(30km/h)

0.55

(120km/h)

0.25

(350km/h)

Handover Type Interruption Time (ms)

Intra-Frequency 27.5

Inter-Frequency

– within a spectrum band

– between spectrum bands

40

60

OFDMA and 4G

Questions?

Questions? OFDMA and 4G

OFDMA and 4G 49

Thank You