16-

*tvj capital, Pretoria, only jO uilos to tho north, arȣ by the

->attom of road and r iii Hnk8« Su-'oral zonos differing in inton-

'uity of relations outwards ^ron tho focus nay be idantifiad in tho

light of thu criteria used in this study of Johannos burg1 s sphere

of influence (FIG. 36)

1. THE CORE.

Ore tor Johann sburg forms thu coro of tho various

-5onoe of i. fluonco. In It are located the Control Business Dis­

trict and industrial ar. of Johannesburg. Its limit It

:'n terms of tic rot .il enppj.^ ar^a (FIG. 10), tho intensity of

roa1 traffio flow ( F I c - o ) , ml in toms o*. tho administration of

tho coro, -in?v by thu loo .1 City Council. Tho coro is, there­

fore, economic »Jly. socially and .:. tr.vfc< voiy tio<l together.

The euro does net oor.form to Dickinson's "Urban Tract1', osoeeially

to tho oast and wost because of thu proximity of East ind '.Vest

Rand towns, linoo tho built-up iroas of thoc 0 towns arc contiguous,

2. CITY SETTLEMENT ZONE.

Surrounding thu euro ic thu c i t y oettlonunt aono, whloh

sxtonds frora iioorlopoort in tho wont Sjnoni in tho ociotj and^

tfc re fore, coincides with L .P . Green* *' inner metropolitan zone

(FIG . 2 1 ) . It has close economic, administrative and social

tios with tho coro. Those ties are reflc-Had in tho large number

of poo pio of this zone coning in Jdily contaot with the coro for

lurposco of work end shopping. Functionally tho c?ty settlement

area is r.ot cemplotcly dependent on tho focus since in its con­

fines are loo..tod several of Jouth Africa's major urban concon-

trations, oaoh of which acts as a distinct commercial and indus­

trial focus. Those foci are, however, subordinate to Johannos-

turg. In the south the zone reflects an intensification of

a*ricultural practices which are focused on tho requirements of

. . . /the

133

INNER TRADE ZONE.

The inner t r a ,. zone incorporates (a) Green's outer

metropolitan zone, t; at is from Ramlfontein to Springs and

(b) the reat of the Southern Tranovaal ,

enclosed by i line through Carletonvillej Sasolburg, Balfour,

Delmao, Pretoria and Krugeradorp. It is identified in terms of

its intensity of traffic flow, motor vehicles and rail transport,

fro uont contact with the hub and by the soveral administrative

bodies exorcising jurisdiction (FIG, 20 ), and oy its particular

land u3© pattern (FIG. 16), - dairying, hortiorlture and tho

rearing c f liveatook for slaughtering. In this zono tho largest

percentage of newspaper8 ia ao-td (FI */3. 7 and 8) and it is cha—

racterised by intricate power in1. . it .r supply networks (F IG .19).

It is further characterised by geld mining uovelopment and by

large acalo inductrial development, especially iron snd steel and

heavy engineering, aa well as by the development of an expanding

chemical industry, e .g . , oasolbur ;.

This zeno oxtends to about 35 to 60 riles from the focus

while the maximum travelling time is in the vicinity of 100 minutws

( F l u . 28), and in extent it is similar to Bogue'a "zone of inter­

change", and Dickinson’ s "city trade area".

4 , IN TE R ST A TE TRADE iu-jD Sel’H.,Y

The intermediate trade and supply zone, characterised

by e x c e l l e n t road and rail links w i t h Johannesburg, includes tho

. . ./Transvaal

.iransvaal south of Pretoria from the Transvaal - Caoe border to

Swaziland ind the Northern Orange Free State. Primarily it is

an agricultural area. It may be aub-divided into five zones.

(a) The sub-division comprises the Central Western

Transvaal and tho Central Eastern Transvaal and extends from the ou­

ter boundary of tho inner trade zone to about 120 to 130 mi^es from

Johannesburg. The western zone incorporates the secondary milk sup­

ply zone (FIG. 12) and has strong ties A'itn tho focus ads is reflected

by daily nowspaper-sales (PIG. 7) and administrative jurisdiction

(FIG. 2 0 ), and is also an important livestock suonly zone (FIG. I l ) ,

Tho eastern zona is delimited on the same basis but the ties with

the foous arc slightly weaker. The eastern zone is, however, the

major su 'Olier of coal to the Southern Transvaal.

(b) Zone 4b is the Northern Orange Free State which has

strong ties with tho fccus, as is illustrated by newspaper-sales, by

its importance as an area supplying animals for slaughter in Johan­

nesburg and as i 3 suggested by the analysis of telenbone calls

(FIG. 9 ) . Tho zone includes the O .F .S . Goldfields which have

3trong economic and financial links with Johannesburg.

(c) The South-Western Transvaal is defined in terms of

its importance as a livestock supply zone, a nowsnaper-sales zono

and by its administrative links with tho hub.

(d) The Far Eautom Transvaal falls under the admini

trative jurisdiction of Johannesburg as regards three "Direct

Service” state departments and is a relatively important newspaper-

sales zone.

(e) This sub-division incorporates the Northern Trans­

vaal. It includes several important but separate livestock suoply

zones and is an important supplier of agricultural nroduce of which

the Transvaal Lowvcla and tho Nort-Eastern Transvaal are major con­

tributors (TABLE 18). Tha whole zone ia an important sales-zone

for J o h a n n e s b u r g 's daily newspapers. The study of livestock

/revealed

185

revealed ths+ Jtioas of this zone arc centred more on Pretoria

than on .johrr Although not analysed in detail, many more

criteria vvor :vea] this zone's relationships with Pretoria. It

is +'. as a zone which illustrates a considerable overlap of the

influence spheres of two adjacent metropolises.

5 OUTER TRADE AND SUPPLY ZONE.

Phi 3 zone incorporates th.v remaining ar:as of South

Africa as veil a3 the neighbouring territories* of Rhodesia, Mocam-

bique, Swaziland, Basutoland, Bechuanalanl, and South West Africa.

The relationships which such a large area have with Johannesburg

obviouuly vary greatly* Portions of the zone are included in the

Johannesburg wholee ale trade sphere; others, e .g . , tho Northern

and Central Cape, are primary livestock supply regions ( sheep)j

the South-V. os tern Cape supplies fruit 5 raw materials for Johannos-

bur '* B industries come from a large number of localities; closo

tie", exist with the Natal Coast whero Durban is tho Southern

T 'ansva ]' major import and export harbour; Non-./hitee aro

attracted from Va.r and wide to be employed on tho gold mines.

Because of the national ai.d international coverage of

this zone it incorporate*, the national sphere of influence of all

South African metropolises and major towns ae well as those of

tho major centres of the territories bordering onto South Africa.

6, D ISTANT TRADE AND SUPPLY ZONE..

The outer limits of Johannesburgs sohere of influence

are markod by the distant trade and supply zone. Inoluded m it

are tho countries of Africa and the world with which Johannesburg

,as some link. T h e zone is r e c o g n i s e d in t.ermn of its imoortanco

as a supplier of unprocessed and processed materials and goods to

Johannes! market for Johannesburg*0 export goods. The

links which J o h a n n e s b u r g have with those international areas ..re

also r e f l e c t e d by the air traffic to and from Jan Smuts airoort

186

Tho final pattern which ora rgcs as regards Johannesburg’ s

sphere of influence is one of concentric zoning, though tho zoning

ho somewhat irregular. Tho effect of Pretoria's proximity to

Johannesbur.; is ovident in that tho Transvaal north of Pretoria

(4>-) does not Ion 1 itself to subdivision as was the case in tho

rest of the intermediate trado md supply area (4a-d).

As Johannesburg's influence diminishes outward fron the

core, tho aro’-l coverage of tho zonos increase thereby indicating a

weakening of the relations and links between Johanncaburg and the

surrounding zonos ar.d tho over-increasing transitional nature of

the zonal boundaries.

Expansion is continually taking nlace, and as urban

centres develop their funct onal structure and oopulation alter

and accordingly the intr* • ut .rd influences change,

sphere of Joh-nnosburg as determined here is only its sphere as at

a partioul r ti". in history ( 1960-65) . Evon during this period

sphor-.a 1 .V' iltorei *s regards specific criteria an- with oach

alt >t ition of a criterion which may be used to iolimit a sphere,

th-- influence sphoro of Johanncaburj is modified.

■fi.aroao tho .iitwatorsrand is -tlli “tjr separate^

frof! tho Pretoria -md Vorooriiging urban oorp. appears that

with tho oxp-malon of those oores specially along tho major tians-

port routes they will merge into one laro'o urban complex or mogalo-

polia with JohMiiw t omin .n- ..ui. •’»: * » . .

no longer I. -v, a separate sphor,, of influence ,.3 exist, today.

Tho value of a study of this nature lies in its de­

termination of the interrelationships betwoon a metroDolle and

Its surrounding urban and rural landscape as at a particular time

or joriod in history and crcvidos tho basis for comparative studies

at some stage in the future when those relationships will have

altered. It is tho study of those relationships which oasts light

on tho man, aspect's of man's organisation of space.

187

n f e a e s c a s.

A.ji.A. it - Annals of the Association of American Geographers.

1. ALEXANDER, J . ’.V.

2 .}. ALEXANDERSSON, G.

4 . a u d it u of CIR­

CULATION OF S.A*

5. B A N A N A C O N T R O L

6 . BENGTSSON, H.

7. BERRY, B .G .L .

8 . 3ERRY, B-J.L. A

Tt';-;ED, a .

9 . BOGUE, D. 3.

.

AND 3ri ATISTICS.

11.

12.

13,

14.

15.

16.

BUREAU OF STATISTICS 1963

1964

1965

1954 Tho Basic-Nonbasic concept of11rb ji Economic Functions. Econo­mic Gco;;ranhy XXX pp ^46—61 (Also

i ru LLiYER t KOHN).

1963 Economic Geography (Now Jersey).

1956 Tho Industrial Structure of Amori-

c n CitioB (Lincoln), (pp 14-20 al so in s L1AYEE & KOHn) .

Not Salos Certificates (Johannes­

burg) .

1963 Fifth Report for the Year 1st July, 1962 to 30th June, 1?63.

i 960 Thu Structure of Retail Trade in i Small Swedish Town. IGU sympo­sium, pp297-312 (Lund, 1962).

i 960 Tho Impaot of Expanding Metropo­lis 1 Communities upon the Central

Pitu ,■» Hierarchy. A .A .A .G ., L,

P p l l 2 - 6 .

I 965 Contral Place Studies* ^ Biblio-

phy of Thsorj lication.Bibliographic Series No. 1.

Regional Science Research Insti-

t«ro ( Philadelphia).

1950 The Structure of tho Metropolitan

Community. (Michigan).

1958 Report on Agricultural and Pator.il Production 1954-55. Agricultural

Census No. 24 (Pretoria).

196'<tt Population Census I960. Sample T th; 1 -tion Mo. 1 — Industry Di­visions, Ago Groups, Horns Lang^

uiijes. <<hites (Pretoria).

196?b Population Census i960. Sample Tabul tion No. 2 - Industry Di­

visions, Age Groups, Hone Lang- U ;.:os, Coloureds and Asiatics

(Pretoria).

1962c Population Census 1960. Simple Tabulation No. 3 - Major Occupa­tional Groups. Whites. Coloureds

and Asiatics (Pretoria).

Population Census, 6th September,

i 960. Vol. 1 Qoographioal Dir- tribution of the Population. K .P .

No. 62/63 ( Pretoria, .

Statistical Year Book (Pretoria),

Report No. 283. Industrial Census, 19^9-bO. Principal Statistics of

Private Industries on a Gocgra­

phical Basis (Pretoria).

188

CHRISTALLER, W.

22 ,

23.

C OHEN 5 A . I .

17.

18.

19.

20. COLE, U.M.

21.

1933

29.

30.

31.

32.

1963?

1955

1957

1Q61

CONVERSE, P .D ., HUE GY,H.V.. MITCHELL, R .V. 195^

24. DAVIS, K.

25 . DICKINSON, fi.B.

26.27.

28. EKLUND, S .O .

f jvi R , r . J • i-1.

FAIR, T .J '.D . ^ MALLOVUS, E.'” .N«

F-Jl.UHv.H30N, H.

33. GIBBS, J .P .

34 . GRE-INt F .H .W .

35. GREEr , il.L.

1955

1956

1961

1964

1961

1949

1965

1959

1963

1961

1953

1955

Die Zentralen Orto in Siiddeutch- land (Oona).

Annual Markox Potential of Florida

(Tablo 3) and Roodepoort (Table 4) (Johannesburg - Unpublished).

Keilley's Law of Retail Gravitations Fiold Survey Report No. 1 (Johar^eB* burg - Unpublished).

The Fresh Milk Suoply of tho W1t-

vntorcsrand and Pretoria. South -frio in Journal el Science.. L I ,

po 1)9-206.

Tho Witwatersrand Conurbations A Watershed Mining and Industrial

->ion. Institute of :,.it i^h Gee-

. -raphura, No. 23, pp 249-^5•

South Africa (London).

31o.r'ionts of Markoting (London).

The Origin and Growth of Vibaniea- tion in the World. ^~>:ric.tn Jour-

nal oi’ Sooiology. LX, pr 429-37.

(a130 ins MAYER & KOHN).

City Region and Regionalism

( ‘ jndon).

: .... .;t European City (London).

City .aid Region (London

Industrial Trend:.; in ’••ator(In:. VAilL RIVER C.iTCHI'ENT aSSOCIA-

JION XX, pp/73-90).

Durban: Its Sphere of Influence aa

a lie, ion al Capital. Gout;, Trio an. 3oo»,Taphioal Journal, XXXI, pp77-9?

v City Counted among the .reat. Supplement to Commercial Opinion,

August, i ’i 31-35*

The Southern Transvaal. To an Gan-

i.in,; i-.eview, XXX, p-o ltc)_ .>̂ .

The Southern Transvaal seen From, the Viewpoint of Regional Planning,

''ins SOUTHERN TRANSVAAL REGIONAL DEVLaOIMENT ASSOCIATION, pp23-45).

Growth of Individual Metropolitan

areas5 Glob -1 viev>. a .a . a. G,

LI, pp380-91.

Community of Interest Areas in

Wc G t e rn Eu ro pe. Economic e_;Q-

grorniy, IXXX, pp.'1';3-98) ,

Hinterland Bovndarieo of Now York

City and Boston in New England.

F.oonomic Geography, XXXI, Pp - 3- 300. (Also ins MaYFR & KOHN).

. GREEN, L , : . 1957a. Tho Future Development of Johannes­

burg. First Interim Reports The Social Structure nf tho Witwaters- rind Metropolitan Region. (Johan­nesburg - Unpublished).

1957b Tho Future Development of Johannes­burg. Second Interim Reports The

Economic Structure of the Witwaters- rand Metropolitan Rogion. (Johan­nesburg - Unpublished).

38. I 959

39. 1961

40. GREEN, L .P , & FAIR, 1962 T .J .D .

41. GREYHOUND BUS LINES. 1964

4?. IGU (HCRBORG, K.-ED.) 1962

43. Ja m e s , p . p . & 1954 JONES* C.F.

44 . J OHANN ES J3URQ 19 bO

45. 1961

46 . 1963

47. 1964

48. JONaSSON, 0 . 1925

49 . LEGGO, V.R. 1962

50 . LJTWSEN, P. I960

51 . McGREGOR, H.H, 19^3

52. MARKET MASTER 1963

53. MAYER, H.M. 1954

5 4 . MAYER, H.M. & 1963

KOHN, C.F.

55. MIDGLEY, D .C . 1961

Provincial “etropolis (London).

The Future Development of Johannes­burg. Third Interim Reports The Administrative Structure of the V.'itw .torsrand Kotropolitan Region (Johannesburg - Unpublished).

Development in Africa (Johannes­burg) .

Jru.3 Time Tables.

Proceedings of the IGU Symnosium in Urban Geography. Lund Studies in Geography. Ser. B. Human Geo­graphy No. 24 (Lund).

un ricxn Geography. Inventory and

Prospuot (Syracuse).

Johannesburg*s £27.000,000 Traffio

Plan (Johannesburg).

Go by Bus (Johannesburg).

Industrial Survey Summary

(Johannesburg).

Municipal ’3us Time Table - Feb/ Maroh/Apri1.

The Agricultural Regions of Europe.

Economic -Jooicr r,:h.yt I , pp 284-7*

The Elements of a Plan for the Wit- v/ater3rand Metropolitan Region (Johannesburg - Unpublished Thesis).

Selections from the Corresoondence

of J .X . Merriman, I87O-I89O

( Cape Town).

The Industrial Future of the Wit- watersrand (ins SOUTHERN TRANSVAAL REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION,

pp 1-2l ) .

Annual Report of the Market Master

for the Year Ended 30th June, 1963

(Johannesburg).

Urban Geography ( In t J AMES & JONKi,

pp 142-66) .

Readings in Urban Geography

(Chicago).

A Water Policy for the Vaal (ins

VAAL RIVER CATCHMENT ASSOCIATION,

pp 125-34).

190

56. MUNICIPAL . . .

57. N .R .D .C .

58.

59.

^0. OLIVIER, H.

^1 . PHILBRICK, A .K .

62. POTATO BOARD.

63. PROUDFjOT, li.J.

64. PUBLIC UTILITY TRANS

PORT CORPORATION.

65. RiiND WATER BOARD.

66. RATCLIFF, R.U.

67. ROBIN3ON, C.P.

68. rotsrus, v. &CALEF, W.

69. SIDDALL, V-r.

70. SMAILES, A .S .

71.

72. SOUTH AFRICAN AIRWAYS.

73. SOUTH AFRICAN RAILWAYS

74. SOUTH AFRICAN RAIL­WAYS AND HARBOURS.

75. SOUTHERN TRANSVAAL

REGIONAL DEVELOP­MENT ASSOCIATION

1963/ Official South African 'Municipal 4 Yearbook (Pretoria),

1953 Kenort on the Water Supplies ofthe Vaal in Relation to its Future Development (Pretoria).

1957 A Planning Survey of the Southern Tran3vaal (Pretoria).

1958 Report of the '..it .vatersrand Interim

Planning Committee (Pretoria).

1961 Water Balance Factors in the De­

velopment of Natural Resources (ins VAAL RIVER CATCIfENT ASSOCIATION,

XXX, pp 12-45).

1957 Principles of Areal Functional Organization. Economic Geography,

XXXIII, pp 299-33657

1964 Report for tho Year Ended 30th Soptember, 1963 (Pretoria),

1937 City Retail Structure. EconomicGoo^ra.jhy, X II I , pp 425-S' ( 'too ins

MAYER & KOHN).

19o3 Bus Time Tables (Whites.

1963/ 60th Annual Report.

1949 Urban Land Economics (New York).(pp 12 3-38 a I so ins MAYER & KOHN).

1962 Future Requirements of Raw Water, Chief Engineer’ s Report No. 3624,

11th January, (Adendum ins VAAL

RIV:.", CATCHMENT ASSOCIATION).

195ri Notes on the Basic - Nonbasio Em­ployment Ratio. Sconnmie -loography,

XXXXI, PP 17-20 (Also ins MAYER &

KOHN).

1961 wholesale-Retail Trado Ratios as

Zndicjs of Urban Centrality,Jcei.omi c iooKr.ohy, XXXVII pp

124-32.

ly/,7 Tiio Analysis and Delimitation of Urban Fields. hy, XXXII,

pp 151-61,

1958 The Geography of Towns (London,1.

1964 ivnnual Report 1963-64 (Johannesburg)

1963 Pocket Time .'able (viitwatersxand— Pretoria) No. 28, 25th November,

1964 Annual Report of tho General Mana­ger, 1963-64. R.F. 52/64 (Pretoria).

1963 Conferenoe on the Problems ofRegional Planning in the Southern Transvaal, Johannesburg 16, 17,

May, (Johannesburg).

75. SOUTHERN TRANSVAAL

REGIONAL WELFARE BOARD

77.

73. SUNDAY TIMES.

79. TIEBOUT, C.;1'..

30. TRANS V,u.L EDUCATION­

AL NEWS

31.

CHAMBER OF Ml' *

82 . ULIMAH. E .I .

83 .

84 . 7AAL RIVBRi.'Eirr a s s o c i a t io n .

85 . VAN CLEEF, E.

86 . VnNCE, J .E . .Th.

87 . VaN W^-SDIJK, T.

88 . VILJOEN, C.J,

89.

90. WKHREIN, i.3.

91. ’./HIT i'LESEY, D.

1962 Tenth annual Renort of the Southern Transvaal Regional '..’elfaro Board for the Year landed 31st October.

1963 Eleventh .annual Report of the Southern Transvaal Regional Welfare Board for tho Year Ended 31et

October.

I966 Basutoland Could Solve South

frioa1 s Water Problem. Jmuary 2 .

1956 The Urban Economic Baae Recon-idured. band Economics< XXXII,

PP 95-99 ( ivlso in» MAYER k KOHN).

1963 May.

P .R .D .

194x

1954

1962

1941

I960

1957

1963

1942

1954

What of Your Future?

Series No. 8 3 .

Theory md Location for Cities,

jj-ierican Journal of Sociology, XLVI, pp 853-64 (nlso in: MaYER

& kohn ) .

Transport Geography, (in : JALIiJS

V. JONBS, PP 310-32

Papers Head at a Symposium on tho Future of thu Vial Rivor. Johannea- buiv;, 3C and 31 , I96I ( Johannes> urg).

Hint rland and Umland. ueu^raphica.1

i-ovlQW.XXXl, PP 308-11. '

Com' oroial Structure in «j:ierican

Citi.D . (Ins ICRJ, pp 485-518) .

Th? iarket Structure of Jonanneo-

burj. Sup loment to Conir.oi-ciaj

Opinion, Uf^at.

Tho Urban Field of Protoria. (Un- puhliohed Thcais, Johannesburg).

Population and Emoloyment in the

P.V.'.V. Region. (Ini SOUTHERN TRANSVAAL REGIONAL DEVEIiOPMENT

.SHOCIaTION, pp 46-52) .

The -ural Urban Fringe. Economic eo>:raphy, XVIII. pp 217-2& (Also

in. VuvYER & KOHN).

Tho Regional Concept and the Regional Llothod. (In» JAlSSS AND

.TONES, op 19-68).

Meat Board s 3 laughter stock Production ircrs and Regions.

Nowspaper Preso Union of South Africa. N .P .U . Breakdown Circulation f'ap.

PI .nning of Pretoria - '.Vitv/ teroranc: - Voroonigin.;.It250,000 (N .P .D .C .) .

Proto’'! ', - V/itwatorsrand - Vorosniging. Intertovm Traffic.

'50,000 ( i i .R .d .c ., 1963) .

Pretoria - V-’itw.-.toraran I - Voreeniging. Land use.

l i250,000 (N .H .D .C ., 195^)

Protori'. — ..itw t-rar jrxd - ‘"eroeniging. Read nd Rail I'ap.

(K. I .D .C ., 1961).

lc mblin of South Africa, ilagisterial District Kap.Is 300 ,000 ,000 . (Government Printer, 1951, 1^54, 1964).

South ■ frioa 1*50,000 . Sheet 2627BB Ruodepoort (l9 ';7),Sheet 262BM Johannoaburg (1956) (Government rintor).

South African Railways. Western Transvaal System.

Shoot 3 . v1963)•

Topo-C i l .3tr .1 Series 1 250,000, Shoot 11 Liohtenburg (,19h l)Shout 12 Pretoria, (1954), Sheet 13 Mi idolburg (1938),Sheet 18 Klerk ado rp (1938), Sheet 19 Kroonr.tad ,193b),

Sheet 20 Sow Castle (1946). (Government Printer;.

Traffio Volumes on Perimeter of l.unioi-al Area. Johannesburg City Engineer* a Bepartr ont. Dra.vin,--: No. -01/lu ^19^3,.

8 1 960

I

1

1\

250

1 0 0

b) RURAL

►<cr

<►

2 b

\

-A

D u r b a n

1Cf

FIG. 24 : JOHANNESBURG - INCOMING MUNICIPAL BUSc« r •

3 6

/\

\ N 0 R T H N Z 0 N

CR Ai O H A c l N̂

/ V

V./

6 m

- A

*

# \

/

/

L I N D E N

\ R O S i B A N K

/

//■

N

\/

4.O R A N G E GROVE

✓2 m

\\ §

N U M B E R OF B J S E S

• 1 - 9

• 1 0 - 1 9

• 2 0 - 2 9

3 0 - 3 9

4 J -- *4 J

5 v — 59

6 0 - 6 *

W E S T E R N Z O N E

B R I X T ON

• •

#

MALVERN

E A S T E R N Z O N E

t#

*

s o u t h e r n z o n e

j R f - O N T E l N

90 — 99

Mil F

FIG. 11 : JOHANNESBURGr e g i o n s ' .....

- PRIMARY LIVESTOCK SUPPLY REGIONS

ZONES:

I

IIIIIIVV

C A T T L E 8 . /or C A L V E S . S H E E P PIGS

C A T T L E 8 , /or CALVES. P I G S

C A T T L E & lor CALVES

S H E E H

PI G S

Author Hattingh Phillippus Stefanus

Name of thesis Johannesburg's sphere of influence. 1966

PUBLISHER: University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg

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