Zaid Ali Alsagoff

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

1 ISCED levels 5 & 6 UNESCO Institute of Statistics figures 2 British Council and IDP Australia projections

Source (Slide 16): http://www.slideshare.net/cgreen/sloan-the-obviousness-of-open-policy

“Nearly one-third of the world’s population (29.3%) is under 15. Today there are 158 million people enrolled in

tertiary education. Projections suggest that that participation will peak at 263 million in 2025.

Accommodating the additional 105 million

students would require more than four major universities (30,000 students) to open every week for

the next fifteen years. “

- Sir John Daniel

“What do you think the odds are the world will

build four major universities (30,000 students) to open every

week for the next fifteen years?”

- Sir John Daniel

More Importantly, How Do We Educate…

OER

Creating Finding

Understanding

Reusing & Remixing

Licensing

Contents

1. OER?

2. Copyright & OER

3. Finding OER

4. Creating & Sharing OER

5. Moving Forward

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.”

- Nelson Mandela Source: http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Talk:Nelson_Mandela

Open Education

"...is the simple and powerful idea that the world’s knowledge is a public good and

that technology in general and the Worldwide Web in particular provide an

extraordinary opportunity for everyone to share, use, and reuse knowledge."

http://wiki.creativecommons.org/What_is_OER%3F

Why Open Education Matters!

http://vimeo.com/43401199

“Open Educational Resources (OER) are materials used to support education that may

be freely accessed, reused, modified and shared by anyone.”

- Stephen Downes

Open Educational Resources (OER)

More OER definitions: http://wikieducator.org/Educators_care/Defining_OER

OER?

4Rs: http://www.opencontent.org/definition/ OER Diagram: http://www.slideshare.net/Downes/speaking-in-lolcats-what-literacy-means-in-teh-digital-era

4Rs:

Reuse

Revise

Remix

Redistribute

Types of OER?

Assessment

Open Courseware (OCW)

Open Textbooks Videos Images

Podcasts

Music

Accreditation

Credits

Games

Learning Repositories

Open Journals Libraries

• Alternative copyright Licensing

• A range of financial models

• Affordances of the Internet

• Change in philosophy

What has enabled OER?

Source (slide 6): http://www.slideshare.net/mpaskevi/introduction-to-open-educational-resources

SOCIAL TECHNICAL

LEGAL FINANCIAL

Benefits of OER?

1. Freedom of access; both for yourself and others.

2. Freedom from proprietary systems and corporations.

3. Contributes to the local and global community.

4. Encourages pedagogical innovations (beyond the textbook).

5. Sharing development costs of learning resources among institutions.

6. Co-creation empowers more collaboration, creativity and critical thinking.

7. Accessibility of resources previously unavailable to specific groups of people.

8. Saves time and effort through the reusing and remixing of resources.

9. Potentially beneficial to developing nations.

10. Lowers costs to students.

Adapted from: http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=397777&section=1.2

Challenges of OER?

1. Quality varies.

2. Varying degrees of time commitment.

3. Teachers sometimes not rewarded by the system for their efforts.

4. May not meet accessibility requirements for persons with disabilities.

5. Need to check accuracy before use.

6. May need a high degree of customization (or localization).

7. Technical requirements vary and some require you to use a particular software.

8. Requires varying degrees of continual financial support.

9. Licensing and obtaining copyright clearance can be difficult.

10. Some institutions may be concerned about ‘giving it away’.

Adapted from: http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=397777&section=1.2

OER Funding Models

Source: http://www.slideshare.net/Downes/speaking-in-lolcats-what-literacy-means-in-teh-digital-era

Endowment

Membership

Donations

Conversion

Institutional Government

Sponsorship

OER Commons

http://www.oercommons.org/

Open CourseWare (OCW)

“OpenCourseWare, or OCW, is a term applied to course materials created by universities and shared freely with the

world via the internet.”

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCourseWare

The movement started in 1999 when the University of Tübingen in Germany published videos of lectures online.

The OCW movement only took off, however, with the launch of MIT OpenCourseWare at MIT in October 2002.

Difference between OCW and OER?

OCW Focuses on sharing open content that is developed specifically for a course.

OER Includes any educational content that is shared under an open license, whether or not it is a part of a course.

OCW is a subset of OER.

OER OCW

Adapted from (Slide 10): http://www.slideshare.net/epuckettrodgers/openmichigan-at-um-flint

OpenCourseWare Consortium

250+ Universities and associated organizations worldwide

13,000+ Courses in 20 languages

http://www.ocwconsortium.org/

Mission: To advance formal and informal learning through the worldwide sharing and use of free, open, high-quality education materials organized as courses.

MIT OpenCourseWare (OCW)

http://ocw.mit.edu/

Open Yale Courses

http://oyc.yale.edu/

JHSPH OpenCourseWare (OCW)

http://ocw.jhsph.edu/

OpenLearn (The Open University)

http://www.open.edu/openlearn/

USQ OpenCourseWare

http://ocw.usq.edu.au/

SJTU Open Courseware

http://ocw.onlinesjtu.com/

Saudi Arabia?

http://www.qumed.org/elearn/

http://ocw.kfupm.edu.sa/ http://ocw.kku.edu.sa/

http://elc.edu.sa/portal/

Pakistan?

http://ocw.vu.edu.pk/

Iran?

http://farabi.ac.ir/ocw/

Indonesia?

http://ocw.gunadarma.ac.id/course

http://ocw.ui.ac.id/ http://ocw.usu.ac.id/

http://ocw.utm.my/

Malaysia Vs. Singapore

2 0

http://oer.oum.edu.my/

All Open CourseWare (OCW)?

http://ocwconsortium.org/en/courses/ocwsites/ocwsites/country

No. Country OCW

1. Spain 27

2. USA 24

3. Taiwan 19

4. Japan 18

5. South Korea 7

* Updated 20/08/2012

Open Textbooks (e-books)

An open textbook is an openly-licensed textbook offered online by its author(s) or through a non-profit or commercial open-licensed publisher.

Minimum baseline rights allow users to:

Use the textbook without compensating the author;

Copy the textbook, with appropriate credit to the author;

Distribute the textbook non-commercially; and

Shift the textbook into another format (such as digital or print).

Many authors also grant rights such as to:

Add, remove or alter content in the textbook, often on the condition that derivative works must have the same license;

Copy and distribute the textbook without giving credit to the author; and

Use the textbook commercially.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_textbook

Image: http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/4383230458/

Project Gutenberg

http://www.gutenberg.org/

http://openstaxcollege.org/

OpenStax College

Open Textbook Catalog

http://www.studentpirgs.org/open-textbooks/catalog?id=wi

Flat World Knowledge

http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/

College Open Textbooks

http://collegeopentextbooks.org/

Community College Consortium of OER

http://oerconsortium.org/

CK-12 FlexBooks

http://www.ck12.org/flexbook/

Wikibooks

http://en.wikibooks.org/

ManyBooks.net

http://manybooks.net/

More Free E-books?

http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/20-best-websites-to-download-free-e-books/

Learning Repositories

Informational Overload!

I can take it!

iTunes U

http://www.apple.com/education/itunes-u/

EDU - YouTube

http://www.youtube.com/education

MERLOT

http://www.merlot.org/

Khan Academy

http://www.khanacademy.org/

Salman Khan talk at TED 2011

http://youtu.be/gM95HHI4gLk

Open.Michigan

http://open.umich.edu/

Knowmia

http://www.knowmia.com/

TED-Ed

http://ed.ted.com/

Use engaging videos on TED-Ed to create customized lessons. You can use, tweak, or completely redo any lesson featured on TED-Ed, or create lessons from scratch based on any video from YouTube.

Academic Earth

http://academicearth.org/

GCF LearnFree.org

http://www.gcflearnfree.org/

CMU OpenLearningInitiative

http://oli.web.cmu.edu/openlearning/

Repository.ac.nz

http://www.repository.ac.nz/

Connexions

http://cnx.org/

WikiEducator

http://wikieducator.org/

Wikiversity

http://en.wikiversity.org/

P2PU

http://p2pu.org/

University of the People

http://www.uopeople.org/

OER University

http://wikieducator.org/OER_university

Extreme Learning

http://www.extreme-learning.org/

Online College Classes

http://www.onlinecollegeclasses.com/

Siyavula

http://projects.siyavula.com/

Curriki

http://www.curriki.org/

Internet Archive

http://archive.org/

OER Africa

http://www.oerafrica.org/

MEDtube

http://medtube.net/

Quora

http://www.quora.com/

Quora is a continually improving

collection of questions and answers

created, edited, and organized by

everyone who uses it.

Accumulating Knowledge

Reusable

Continually Improving

Organized

Targeted

People

http://www.wolframalpha.com/

Actually…

!

More OER?

http://www.slideshare.net/zaid/101-open-educational-resources-presentation

Even More OER?

http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/06/university-learning-ocw-oer-free.html

MOOC Guide: https://sites.google.com/site/themoocguide/

MOOC

Fiction or Future Reality?

One teacher facilitating a course with more than one

MILLION STUDENTS... WOW!

http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/07/the-single-most-important-experiment-in-higher-education/259953/

M O O O O O O C !

What is a MOOC?

Massive (maybe)

Open (sort of)

Online (yep)

Course (sort of) http://www.slideshare.net/gsiemens/moocs-educause

Three Kinds of MOOCs

http://lisahistory.net/wordpress/2012/08/three-kinds-of-moocs/

- Lisa M. Lane

MOOC Example?

“Founded by three roboticists who believed much of the educational value of their university

classes could be offered online for very low cost. A few weeks later, over 160,000 students in more than 190 countries enrolled in their first class, "Introduction to Artificial

Intelligence."

http://www.udacity.com/

Next Class? February 20th

2012

More Importantly…

23,000 students passed the online course (253 got perfect scores).

Professor Thrun has taught more students the subject than all of the rest of the computer science professors in the world.

The 23,000 who passed the course represent more students than most faculty will teach in their career.

Out of the 200 Stanford students attending the traditional course, only 41 were in class at the end of the course.

The other 159 opted for the online asynchronous presentation.

410 online students outperformed the top Stanford student!

Students are teaching students (Q&A ranking system).

Students themselves translated the class for free from English into 44 languages.

The on-campus passing rate was the highest ever.

More: http://www.masternewmedia.org/future-education-breaking-connection-learning-assessment/ More: http://edition.cnn.com/2012/07/05/opinion/bennett-udacity-education/

edX

https://www.edx.org/

EdX: The Future of Online Education is Now

“MIT & Harvard edX's goal is to educate one billion people around the world…Planet scale access from one shared platform!”

http://youtu.be/SA6ELdIRkRU

MIT + Harvard = edX

http://www.edxonline.org/

MIT and Harvard have invested

$60 million ($30 million each)

to launch the collaboration.

Anant Agarwal President, edX

But, Please REMEMBER…

“The campus environment offers opportunities and experiences that cannot be replicated online…EdX is

designed to improve, NOT REPLACE, the campus experience.”

Susan Hockfield (MIT President)

Udemy

http://www.udemy.com/

Join thousands of passionate instructors who are building their brand, and making money, by teaching on Udemy.

Coursera

https://www.coursera.org/

What are We Learning from Online Education?

http://www.ted.com/talks/daphne_koller_what_we_re_learning_from_online_education.html

- Daphne Koller

Four Barriers That MOOCs Must Overcome To Build a Sustainable Model

http://mfeldstein.com/four-barriers-that-moocs-must-overcome-to-become-sustainable-model/

- Phil Hill

http://www.hybridpedagogy.com/Journal/files/MOOC_MOOC.html

Grade for MOOC’s = “F”

https://landing.athabascau.ca/file/view/148565/moocs-learning-points

“…MOOC’s are a failure, both as an educational product and as a

business model.”

- Carol Edwards

My CCK11 (MOOC) Talk!

http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2011/03/my-cck11-talk-sharing-to-connect.html

http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2011/01/cck11-connectivism-connective-knowledge.html

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Image: http://tinyurl.com/8y3p8nm

Image: http://www.flickr.com/photos/kalexanderson/6051120264/

Video: http://creativecommons.org/videos/creative-commons-kiwi

Creative Commons

A simple, standardized way to grant copyright permissions to your creative work.

Easy-to-use, standardized licenses and public domain tools that allow creators to publish their works on more flexible terms than standard copyright.

“Some rights reserved”

Image: http://wikieducator.org/File:Oer_educators_handbook_license_title.jpg

OER image: http://wikieducator.org/File:Oer_educators_diagram_.jpg

http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Spectrumofrights_Comic1

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

Image source: http://www.masternewmedia.org/

Creative Commons (CC)

Creative Commons in a Nutshell!

CC Comparison Table: http://scottfisk.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/creative-commons-license-types-pros-cons1.gif

Which CC licenses = OER?

Image: http://paulgstacey.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/openlicensingcontinuum.jpg

Open Educational Resources Licensing Continuum

Article: http://edtechfrontier.com/tag/connexions/

CC License Selection Tool

http://creativecommons.org/choose/

Simplify Correct Attribution?

http://openattribute.com/

Addon

If license used incorrectly will I be sued?

“Short answer: possibly!

Long answer: You should do your best to understand the terms of the license under which you use an OER.

http://wikieducator.org/OER_Handbook/educator_version_one/License/License_compatibility

Most common ways to VIOLATE:

Making commercial or for-profit use of an OER whose license includes the Non-commerical (NC) clause

Making derivative works from an OER whose license includes the No-Derivatives (ND) clause

Failing to share derivatives of an OER, whose license includes the Share-Alike (SA) clause, under the same license. “

OER Risk Management Calculator

http://www.web2rights.com/OERIPRSupport/risk-management-calculator/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Where to Start?

MERLOT

MIT OCW

OLI Connexions

UT OCW

CAREO SOFIA

Stanford on iTunes

Tufts OCW USU OCW

CLOE

DLORN

ARIADNE

eGranary Digital Library Wikipedia

e-Lee

Gutenberg Project

Fathom Archive

Harvey Project ICONEX

Lydia Global Repository

OOPS Open Yale Courses

WebJunction

CORE

PEOI

JHSPH OCW

OAISTER

SciQ

W3Schools

RDN

WOW!

x http://www.oercommons.org/advanced-search

2 Great Starting Points!

http://ocwconsortium.org/en/courses/search

CC Search

http://search.creativecommons.org/

CC Search empowers you to search across different repositories and platforms for OER.

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

http://www.doaj.org/

Did You Know?

http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/

Compfight = Super Fast Flickr Search Tool!

http://compfight.com/

An image search engine tailored to efficiently locate images for blogs, comps, inspiration, and research.

http://ocwfinder.com/ http://www.oerrecommender.org/

Other Good OER Search Engines?

http://tinyurl.com/oj65tl http://tinyurl.com/cu69cnu

http://tinyurl.com/4onfse

http://wiki.creativecommons.org/DiscoverEd

http://tinyurl.com/d5f87oz

http://www.temoa.info/

http://www.free.ed.gov/index.cfm

http://xpert.nottingham.ac.uk/

http://www.jorum.ac.uk/

http://www.folksemantic.com/

Einztein

http://einztein.com/

iBerry

http://iberry.com/

To Curate OER! Social Curation Tools: http://tiny.cc/5245h

Use Social Bookmarking Tools…

http://www.delicious.com/zaidlearn/

http://pinterest.com/kkapp01/gamification-happenings/

A content sharing service that allows members to "pin" images, videos and other objects to their pinboard.

Scoop.it!

Create your topic-centric media by collecting gems among relevant streams. Publish it to your favorite social media or to your blog.

Create Your Own Customized OER Search!

With Google Custom Search, you can harness the power of Google to create a customized OER search experience.

Article: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/01/google-custom-search-for-openfree.html

http://www.google.com/cse/

Ultimate Tip!

“Some Gurus’ out there have probably searched, compiled (vetted), and published discipline/topic specific resource lists online, which you are looking

for…Find the GOLD MINES!”

-Zaid Ali Alsagoff

Where?

Blog posts

Wiki sites

Web 2.0 sites

OCW/OER resource pages

Online course sites

Personal sites

Institutional sites

Etc.

http://www.slideshare.net/zaid

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Image: http://tinyurl.com/7p4l6ha

Do you have an OER Development Policy?

Collection of institutions with OER policy: http://wikieducator.org/Exemplary_Collection_of_institutions_with_OER_policy

OER Guidelines: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002136/213605E.pdf

When Creating OER We Need to Consider…

http://www.slideshare.net/Downes/speaking-in-lolcats-what-literacy-means-in-teh-digital-era

Usability

Durability

Accessibility

Effectiveness

Sharing, Remixing & Repurposing OER

Source: https://openeducationalresources.pbworks.com/w/page/25228307/OER%20Myths

http://youtu.be/Hkz4q2yuQU8

Creating OER and Combining Licenses

OER Development Cycle? The OER LIFE CYCLE begins with a desire or need to learn or teach something. The following sequence of steps illustrates a typical development process:

No Steps Description

1. Find Search and find OERs using variety of OER search engines and look for existing resource lists made available online by experts.

2. Create With a collection of resources at your disposal, start fusing them together to form a learning resource. When creating OERs take into account usability, durability, accessibility and effectiveness, especially regarding format (output).

3. Localize Making a resource more useful to a particular situation (contextualizing). This may involve minor corrections and improvements, remixing components, localization and even complete rework for use in diverse contexts.

4. Remix Remixing is the act of taking two (or more) OER materials and merging them to form a new OER.

5. License Select the appropriate Creative Commons license for your OER project.

6. Use This covers the actual use of OER for your context.

7. Share Once an OER is finished, make it available for the open education community to re-use and begin the life cycle again.

Before finding and remixing OERs, set the course/module/topic aims and objectives (and course outline if possible). It might change as you develop, but it is good to have a starting destination (or map).

Adapted from : http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=397777&section=3.2 & http://wikieducator.org/OER_Handbook/educator/OER_Lifecycle

OER Evaluation Tools?

To help you determine the aspects of quality of OERs, Achieve has developed eight rubrics in collaboration with leaders from the OER community:

1. Degree of Alignment to Standards

2. Quality of Explanation of the Subject Matter

3. Utility of Materials Designed to Support Teaching

4. Quality of Assessment

5. Quality of Technological Interactivity

6. Quality of Instructional Tasks and Practice Exercises

7. Opportunities for Deeper Learning

8. Assurance of Accessibility

http://www.achieve.org/oer-rubrics

DON’T Limit Yourself…

Explore Alternatives!

Edmodo: http://www.edmodo.com/ Schoology: http://www.schoology.com/

http://www.wikispaces.com/ http://www.wetpaint.com/

http://pbwiki.com/ http://sites.google.com/

http://docs.google.com/

Explore Wikis!

https://www.blogger.com/ http://wordpress.com/

Use Blogs to Create OER!

https://www.tumblr.com/ https://posterous.com/

http://www.slideshare.net/zaid/10-secrets-to-great-teaching

http://www.slideshare.net/

Upload PowerPoint Slides & Create Slidecasts!

Offers users the ability to upload and share publicly or privately PowerPoint presentations, Word documents and Adobe PDF Portfolios.

http://prezi.com/

Use Prezi to Zoomify!

https://sites.google.com/site/richardbyrnepdsite/ebooks-and-audiobooks/create-your-own-ebooks

Create Your Own E-books!

http://www.eclipsecrossword.com/

Create Online Crossword Puzzles!

Create Screencasts!

URL: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/10/8-free-screencasting-tools-for-tony.html

http://www.skype.com/ http://www.wiziq.com/

Record Webinars/Online Talks!

http://www.xtranormal.com/

http://www.toondoo.com/

Create Cartoons, Movies & Animations!

http://goanimate.com/

http://courselab.com/ http://www.exelearning.org/

Use Content Authoring Tools!

Use your iPad to Create OER On-The-Fly!

http://www.explaineverything.com/

http://www.educreations.com/

Use Social Media to Amplify Learning!

Source: http://c4lpt.co.uk/smartworkersguide/

Jane Hart

“Social media is not

something you talk

about it’s something you do!”

URL: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/04/free-learning-tool-for-every-learning.html

Just in Time Training To You (JiT2U)

Great resources to gently introduce the concepts and potentials of Social media and Web 2.0 tools for educators and learners.

http://jitzu.ukm.my/web20/ http://www.scoop.it/t/web-2-0-learning-teaching

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Stian Håklev

Why not Become an Open Scholar?

http://www.slideshare.net/houshuang/what-it-means-to-be-an-open-scholar-and-the-future-of-scholarly-publishing

Emphasize on the ‘E’ and ‘O’ in OER Open (Learning & Teaching)

Practices Qualities of Open (Learning) Content

http://bit.ly/LXQx55

Individual Strategy?

Choose your License Be clear about your license choice and about what it covers.

Use Open Content! Promote open content by using open content and remixing others’ work.

Cite your sources! Include license info and link to license on website.

Make it adaptable!

Make your content available in multiple file formats (pdf, .ppt, .odt, .doc, etc).

Ensure that users can download your content, not simply access.

Source (slide 39): http://www.slideshare.net/epuckettrodgers/openmichigan-at-um-flint

University Strategy?

http://edtechfrontier.com/tag/connexions/

National Strategy?

1. Foster awareness and use of OER.

2. Facilitate enabling environments for use of ICT.

3. Reinforce the development of strategies and policies on OER.

4. Promote the understanding and use of open licensing frameworks.

5. Support capacity building for the sustainable development of quality learning materials.

6. Foster strategic alliances for OER.

7. Encourage the development and adaptation of OER in a variety of languages and cultural contexts.

8. Encourage research on OER.

9. Facilitate finding, retrieving and sharing of OER.

10. Encourage the open licensing of educational materials produced with public funds.

2012 Paris OER Declaration: http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/Events/Paris%20OER%20Declaration_01.pdf

BIG IDEAS

OER AWARENESS?

A local MOOC exploring OER! 1

OER DEVELOPMENT?

GAMIFY IT! 2

Learn More From Great OER Resources!

http://delicious.com/zaidlearn/OER My OER Collection:

http://tinyurl.com/3rlzdc7 http://tinyurl.com/3w4x83y http://bit.ly/nZYglb http://bit.ly/8IIjZ http://bit.ly/atJDd3

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

Stephen Downes Home: http://www.downes.ca/ Presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/Downes/presentations

George Siemens Home: http://www.elearnspace.org/blog/ Presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/gsiemens

David Wiley Home: http://davidwiley.org/ Presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/opencontent/presentations

Stian Håklev Home: http://reganmian.net/blog/ Presentations: http://www.slideshare.net/houshuang/presentations

Curt Bonk Home: http://php.indiana.edu/~cjbonk/ Presentations: http://www.trainingshare.com/workshop.php

LEARN from the Fantastic 5 Gurus?

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

http://bit.ly/LYOLOD

Mission: "To Rid the World of Bad Learning & Teaching!"

‘IMU Learning Series’ is about connecting

inspiring and exceptional educators around the

world to…

http://bit.ly/NReRox

JOIN THE LEARNING ADVENTURE!

You Are Not Alone, Please Join Us!

http://www.facebook.com/groups/t4t2011/

http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/

Have a ZaidLearn!

Finally, You Might Want To…

Zaid Ali Alsagoff E-Learning Manager

E-mail : zaid.alsagoff@gmail.com

Blog : http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/

Twitter: http://twitter.com/zaidlearn

IMU : http://imu.edu.my

DID : +603-2731 7327

Ext. : 3115