Quick charging of EV and eBusIntelligent charging solutions

October 28th, 2015 / Arne Sigbjørnsen, ABB

© ABB Group

November 3, 2015 | Slide 2

Well-to-wheel efficiency of alternative fuelsRange per year per m² of land

Biofuel: 7km

Hydrogen: 160km

Electric: 380km

A solar panel

delivers 105 kWh/m².

A solar panel

delivers 105 kWh/m².

After distribution, charging and storage

in the battery, 77kWh is available to the motor.

An EV drives 5km/kWh, so

77kWh gives 380km range.

After electrolysis, compression and

distribution 63kWh goes into the tank.

The fuel cell generates 31.5kWh of

electricity. The vehicle drives 5km/kWh,

so 31.5kWh gives 160km range.

Most efficient energy crops (palm oil, sugar cane) deliver 0.5L/m²

including sowing, fertilizing, harvesting, refinement and distribution. A vehicle drives 15km/L, so

0.5L gives 7km range.

Original source: Auke Hoekstra, Eindhoven University of Technology. Data was modified due to improved performance of biofuel and hydrogen.

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November 3, 2015 | Slide 3

Detroit Electric car charging at home in 1919Back to the Future

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November 3, 2015 | Slide 4

China has no choice, e-Mobility is Do-or-Die

Mega-Cities are turning into smog-centers

See also the site: http://aqicn.org/

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November 3, 2015 | Slide 5

EV Charging InfrastructureMarket (cars & standards)

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November 3, 2015 | Slide 6

DC charging versus AC charging

CHAdeMO

module

Li-ion battery

Every vehicle needs to have it’s own

onboard equipment

Infrastructure investment is shared with

hundreds of users

On-board versus Off-board equipment

CHAdeMO

module

DC Fast

Charging

Station

On-board

Charger

Li-ion battery

BMS

AC Charging DC Charging

« Range Anxiety » will soon be history…

NOW, WE

KNOW

WE’LL HAVE

150 km real

210 km NEDC

22 kWh battery

WHAT WE HAVE

X2

300 km real !

400 km NEDC

X ?

>500 km real

>600 km NEDC

Before Before

EV 1.0 EV 2.0 EV 3.0

« Range Anxiety » will soon be history…

NOW, WE

KNOW

WE’LL HAVE

WHAT WE HAVE

X3

>150 kW

X ?

>250 kW

Before Before

QC 1.0 QC 2.0 QC 3.0

50 kW

© ABB Group

November 3, 2015 | Slide 9

eBus ChargingConcept and Standardization

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November 3, 2015 | Slide 10

A practical fast charging solution for e-bussesReliable, scalable, based on industry standards

Automated connection system

High power DC transfer to bus

Wireless communication to bus

Based on

EN/IEC 61851-23

ISO/IEC 15118

Industrial quality power cabinet

150kW, 300kW & 450 kW modular

400-850 VDC

Galvanic isolation

Based on EN/IEC 61851-23

Available:

Mid 2016

© ABB Group

November 3, 2015 | Slide 11

A practical fast charging solution for e-bussesCharging at route end-points, how does it work?

Bus arrives

at stop

Charging

procedure

starts

Charging

procedure

ends

Bus drives

away

Wifi communication

charger & bus

Driver indicates

readiness

Pantograph comes

down

PE & safety check

(continuous)

Start of power flow

Busdriver sees

charge progress

Busdriver indicates

readiness

Pantograph goes up

Sensors check if

pantograph is up

Busdriver receives

signal

Busdriver drives away

© ABB Group

November 3, 2015 | Slide 12

eBusCharge mast with pantograph - impression

Product in development, all data subject to change

© ABB

Slide 13November 3, 2015

Typical fast DC charging applications24/7 operation with charging at route end points

Inner city bus with

5-60 km electric range

(12/18/24 m)

Lines <1 hour with

route-end charging

(<25 km)

Battery of limited

size

(20…120 kWh)

Charge power

150-450 kW

(3-6 min)

End point 1

- 450 kW

- Automated connection

- 3-6 min charging

End point 2

- 450 kW

- Automated connection

- 3-6 min charging